Guantánamo

  Eisenhower, Dwight D.

  Ellis, R. B.

  encomienda

  enhanced interrogation techniques

  equator

  erosion

  Escario, Federico

  Esquire

  Estenoz, Evaristo

  Estrada y Palma, Tomás

  Europe; Hungarian Revolution; Jewish refugees; War of Jenkins’ Ear; World War I, ; see also specific countries

  eye gnats

  Faulk, Roland

  Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

  Ferdinand, King of Aragon

  Filipinas

  Filipino labor

  Fillmore, Millard

  finance

  fish

  Fisherman’s Point

  Fitzugh, George

  Fleet Training Group

  flora and fauna

  Florida; as British colony; Haitian refugee problem; Mariel Boatlift

  Florida Straits

  Fort Dimanche

  France; colonization

  Franco-Prussian War

  Franklin, Benjamin

  gambling

  García, Calixto

  Garvey, Michael

  Garwood, Walter

  Gates, Robert

  Geneva Conventions; Guantánamo and

  Geneva Memo

  geography

  geology

  Germany; World War I, ; World War II,

  Gibbs, John Blair

  git’ mo’ (term)

  Gleason, S. Everett

  Godoy, Manuel

  gold

  Goldwater, Barry

  Gómez, José Miguel

  Gómez, Juan Gualberto

  Gómez, Máximo

  gonorrhea

  Gonzalez, Alberto

  Goodrich, Caspar F.

  Gourgue, Gérard

  government; Batista; Castro; Cold War; formation of independent government; of 1900s–1930s; of 1940s, ; of 1950s–1960s; revolutionary

  Grau, Ramón

  Great Britain; American Revolution and; colonization; interests in Cuba; slave trade and; Spanish-American War and; War of Jenkins’ Ear

  Great Depression

  Grenquist, Peter

  Guam

  Guantánamo Basin

  Guantánamo Bay; aftermath of Spanish-American War; Bay of Pigs invasion; beginnings of garrisoned city; British interests in; Cold War; colonial Americans introduced to; Cuban Missile Crisis; discovered by Columbus; early-mid nineteenth century; early nineteenth century; early twentieth century; eighteenth century; fifteenth century; fortifications; future of; habeas rights; Haitian refugee problem; late nineteenth century; Mopox Commission; of 1900s–1930s; of 1940s, ; of 1950s–1960s; of 1970s–1980s; of 1990s, ; Operation GTMO; post-9/11; prehistoric; prostitution; racial stratification; refugee camps; seventeenth century; sixteenth century; Spanish-American War; as Spanish colony ; trade winds; transformation into a naval base; twentieth-century ambiguous legal status of; Twenty-sixth of July movement; of 2000s, ; underdevelopment of basin and bay; U.S. occupation of; used to deny constitutional protections to detainees; War of Independence; War of Jenkins’ Ear; World War II, ; see also Guantánamo naval base; Guantánamo prison camp; U.S.-Cuban relations

  Guantánamo City; fleet business; prostitution

  Guantánamo naval base; alcohol and sex; American impunity at; Bay of Pigs invasion; covert operations contemplated from; “credible fear” hearings; Cuban Missile Crisis; debate; economy; fear of Cuban attack on; funding; future of; gun running out of; Haitian refugee problem; housing; labor relations on; life on; Mayberry myth; minimum pillar; of 1900s–1930s; of 1950s–1960s; 1958 kidnapping of U.S. Marines; of 1970s–1980s; of 1990s, ; Operation GTMO; petty crime and torture; Platt Amendment; post-9/11 policy; press on; prostitution; racial divisions; recreation; society; transformation into a prison; Twenty-sixth of July movement; of 2000s, ; used to deny constitutional protections to detainees; water fight; wives; World War II,

  Guantánamo prison camp,

  ; construction; CSRT system; detainees’ transfer to; enhanced interrogation techniques ; fake interrogations for visiting VIPs; first detainees; Geneva Conventions and; Geneva Memo; habeas rights; handcuffing and leg-shackling procedures; interrogation and torture policy ; naval base transformation into; post-9/11 detainee operations; religion abused at; Supreme Court rulings on; Torture Memo

  Guantánamo River

  Guantánamo Sugar Company

  Guatemala; Cuban exiles training in

  Guerra Chiquita, La

  Guerrier, Frantz

  Guerrier, Weber

  Guevara, Che

  Guiteras, Antonio

  Gul, Awal

  Gulf of Mexico

  gun running

  Guter, Donald J.

  Guzmán, Jacobo Árbenz

  habeas rights

  Haiti; Aristide government; communism and; Duvalier-era; hurricane; immigration to U.S.; labor; of 1990s, ; 1991 coup; prostitution; slave revolution; society; U.S. occupation of; see also Haitian refugees

  Haitian Army

  Haitian Centers Council, Inc.

  Haitian Refugee Center v. Civiletti Haitian refugees; boaters; Bush policy on; Civiletti ruling; constitutional rights denied; court battles; at Guantánamo refugee camps; HIV-positive; INS response; 1980s exodus; of 1990s, ; Operation GTMO; racism and; St. Joseph; torture of; voodoo rituals

  Hamdan v. Rumsfeld

  Hatuey

  Havana; British occupation of 1762–1763, ; free trade; rise of

  Hawaii

  Hay, John

  Haynes, William J.

  health care

  Helms, Jesse

  Hepburn, Arthur J.

  Hepburn Board

  Hernández, Rafael

  Herrington, Stuart

  Herter, Christian

  Hicacal Beach

  Hicks, David

  Higginson, Francis

  Hildreth, James

  Hillenkoetter, Roscoe H.

  Hispaniola; Spanish conquest of

  HIV/AIDS; Haitian refugees; testing

  Holderness, W. H.

  Honduras

  human rights; Guantánamo torture policy and

  Human Rights Watch

  Hungarian Revolution

  hunting

  Huntington, Robert

  hurricanes

  Immediate Response Force (IRF) training

  Immigration and Nationality Act

  indigo

  industry; colonial; late-nineteenth-century; of 1900s–1930s; of 1950s–1960s; post–Ten Years’ War; sugar ; War of Independence and; see also specific industries

  infrastructure

  inoculations, forced

  Iraq

  Ireland, John

  Isabella, Queen of Castile

  Islam

  Isle of Pines

  Isthmus of Panama

  Jackson, Andrew

  Jamaica; labor; prostitution; slavery; society

  Japan; prostitution

  Jean, Yolande

  Jefferson, Peter

  Jefferson, Thomas; Cuban affairs and; views on slavery; vision of American empire

  Jews; refugees

  Johnson, Lyndon B.; Cuban policy

  Johnson, Sterling

  Johnson v. Eisentrager

  Johnston, Jeffrey

  Joint Personnel Recovery Agency (JPRA)

  Joint Task Force (JTF)

  Joint Task Force

  Joint Task Force

  Jones-Cooligan Act

  Kansas-Nebraska Act

  Keeler, Frank

  Kennebunkport Order

  Kennedy, John F.; Bay of Pigs invasion; Cuban Missile Crisis; Cuban policy

  Kennedy, Robert F.

  Key West

  Khadr, Omar

  Khrushchev, Nikita

  kidnapping of U.S. servicemen (1958)

  Kiester, Ed

  King, Lawrence

  Kitty Hawk, USS

  Knox, Dudley W.
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  Knox, Philander

  Koh, Harold

  Kollar-Kotelly, Colleen

  Korean War labor; commuters; Cuban ; effect of water fight on; encomienda system; foreign; maids; of 1900s–1930s; of 1940s, ; of 1950s–1960s; prostitution; racial stratification; reforms; revolutionary movement and; slave; unions; unrest; World War II, ; see also industry

  Lafontant, Roger

  Lake, Rex

  Lansdale, Edward

  Lansky, Meyer

  La Paz

  Leeward Point

  Leeward Prison

  Lehnert, Michael R.

  Lemnitzer, Lyman

  Leon, Richard J.

  Liberal Party

  Linares y Pombo, Arsenio

  livestock

  Livingston, Edward

  Lodge, Henry Cabot

  London Daily Telegraph

  Long, John D.

  López, Narciso

  Louisiana; Purchase

  MacArthur, Douglas

  Machado, Gerardo

  MacVeagh, Franklin

  Madison, James

  Mahan, Alfred Thayer

  maids, Cuban; salaries; skin color

  Maine, USS, sinking of

  malaria

  Malinowski, Tom

  Manchester Document

  Manifest Destiny

  Manning, Bradley

  Manzaneda, Severino

  Marblehead (ship)

  Mariel Boatlift

  marijuana

  Marshall, John

  Martí, José

  Martínez Campos, Arsenio

  Mason, John

  Massachusetts

  Matanzas Barracks

  Mayarí Arriba

  McCaffrey, Barry

  McCalla, B. H.

  McCalla Hill

  McCamy, William C.

  McColgan, James

  McCone, John

  McCudden, L. B.

  McFadden, Robert

  McIntosh, K. C.

  McKeon, Andrew

  McKinley, Brunson

  McKinley, William

  McNamara, Robert

  McNeal, H. P.

  Meier, William

  Mendieta, Carlos

  Menocal, Mario García

  Merchant, Livingston T.

  Mexican War

  Mexico

  Miami

  middle class

  Miles, Nelson A.

  Military Commissions Act (2006)

  Military Information Support Team (MIST)

  Miller, Geoffrey

  Miller, Hugh Barr

  Miller, Paul D.

  Miller, Tom

  Mills, William

  mining

  Mississippi River

  Missouri Compromise

  Moncada Barracks

  Monroe, James

  Monroe Doctrine

  Montesquieu

  Moors

  Mopox Commission

  Mopox y Jaruco, conde de

  Mora, Alberto

  Morro Castle

  mosquitoes

  Moulton, Randy

  Muslims

  Myers, Richard

  myth, Guantánamo

  NAACP

  Nagy, Imre

  Namphy, Henri

  National Geographic articles on Guantánamo naval base

  National Security Council (NSC)

  naval base, see Guantánamo naval base

  naval power

  Naval Radio Service

  Navy Times

  NCIS

  Neely, Brandon

  New Navy

  New Orleans

  New York; Cuban resistance in

  New York Herald

  New York Journal

  New York Times

  9/11 attacks; effect on Guantánamo

  Nipe-Sagua-Baracoa, Massif

  Nitze, Paul H.

  Nixon, Richard

  North America

  North American Review

  Northeast Gate

  North Korea

  North Vietnam

  Noto, Mario T.

  nuclear weapons; Cuban Missile Crisis

  Obama, Barack; Guantánamo policy of

  oil

  Operación Verano

  Operation Bingo

  Operation Good Times

  Operation GTMO

  Operation Mongoose

  Operation Patty

  Operation Take Charge

  Oriente; sugar

  Orthodox Party

  Osment, William “Shorty,”

  Ostend Manifesto

  O’Sullivan, John

  PACOM

  Pact of Zanjón

  Page, Walter Hines

  País, Frank

  Panama Canal

  Panther

  Pareja, Felix

  Partido Independiente de Color (PIC)

  Partido Socialista Popular (PSP)

  Partido Unión Revolucionario (PUR)

  Pascal-Trouillot, Ertha

  Paulson, Bud

  Pearl Harbor

  Pentagon; 9/11 attack; post-9/11 detainee operations

  Perez, Pedro

  Philadelphia Inquirer

  Philippines; annexation of; independence

  Phillips, W. K.

  Pico Turquino

  Pierce, Franklin

  pirates and smugglers

  Pistole, John

  Platt, Orville H.

  Platt Amendment; naval base issue

  Playa del Este

  politics; Cold War; corruption; Cuban War of Independence and; of 1900s–1930s; of 1940s, ; of 1950s–1960s

  Polk, James

  Port-au-Prince, Haiti

  Port Royal, Jamaica

  Powell, Colin

  press ; on Cuban War of Independence; on Guantánamo naval base; on Haitian refugee problem; in Platt Amendment; on Spanish-American War; on torture at Guantánamo; see also specific publications

  Prío Socarrás, Carlos

  Prohibition

  Prosser, Gabriel

  prostitution; at Guantánamo prison; of 1950s, ; skin color and; World War II,

  Puerto Rico; annexation of

  Quitman, John

  Qur’an, mistreatment of

  Radio Range

  railroads

  Rasul v. Bush

  Ray, Henry

  Reagan, Ronald; Haitian refugee policy

  recreation

  Reef, Betty

  Refugee Act (1980)

  refugees; camps; court battles; Cuban; French; Haitian; HIV-positive; Jewish; Mariel Boatlift; Operation GTMO; see also Haitian refugees,

  Reid, Whitelaw

  religion; abused at Guantánamo prison

  resistance movement; gun running; kidnapping of U.S. servicemen

  Rice, Condoleezza

  Rizzo, John

  Robinson, Albert G.

  Rodríguez, Lester

  Rodríguez Grenot, Lino

  Rogers, Norman A.

  Romig, Thomas

  Roosevelt, Franklin D.

  Roosevelt, Theodore; Cuban policy

  Root, Elihu

  Royal Commission of Guantánamo

  Royal Economic Society of Havana

  Rubens, Horatio

  Ruiz, Gervasio G.

  Rumsfeld, Donald; post-9/11 detainee operations

  Rusk, Dean

  Ryan, Charles; as gun runner for Castro

  Saar, Erik

  Sacks, Hal

  Saint-Domingue

  St. George, Andrew

  Saint-Jean Bosco Massacre

  St. Joseph refugees

  St. Louis, USS

  Sale v. Haitian Centers Council

  Sampson, William T.

  Sandoval

  sanitation

  Santa Catalina

  Santiago de Cuba; downgrading of; postwar; Spanish-American War; surrender to U.S.

  Santo Domingo

  Sargent, Herbert H.

  Scalia, Antonin

  Schlesinger, Arthur M.
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br />   Schley, Winfield Scott

  Schwarzenbach, Nell

  Scorpion

  sea-lanes

  Seven Years’ War

  sex trade

  Shafter, William

  Shaler, William

  Sheehan, Jack

  Shirley, William

  Sierra Maestra

  silver

  Slahi, Mohamedou Ould

  slavery; abolition of; African; Cuban; Haitian; Jefferson’s views on; revolts; United States

  Smith, Earl

  Smith, Charles Emory

  Snare (Frederick) Corporation

  society; black Cubans; Cuban character; encomienda system; naval base; naval wives; of 1900s–1930s; of 1950s–1960s; of 1970s–1980s; planter elite; post-Independence alienation

  Solano, José

  Soufan, Ali

  Soulé, Pierre

  South America

  SOUTHCOM

  sovereignty; Platt Amendment; Teller Amendment; War of Independence

  Soviet Union; Cold War; communism; Cuban Missile Crisis; Cuban relations; U.S. relations

  Spain; colonization; Cuba as colony of ; Cuban War of Independence and; Inquisition; loss of imperial status; Mopox Commission; New World trade; slave trade; Spanish-American War; Ten Years’ War; War of Jenkins’ Ear

  Spanish-American War; aftermath of; Cuzco Well; marines in; U.S. victory over Spain

  Spielman, Andrew

  Spielman, Judy

  Starr, Kenneth

  State, The

  Stevens, John Paul

  Stevenson, Adlai

  submarine warfare

  sugar ; in 1930s, ; in 1940s, ; Oriente; rise of

  Sumner, George Watson

  syphilis

  Taber, Robert

  Taft, William Howard

  Taft, William H. IV

  Taino Indians ; Spanish violence against

  Taliban; prisoners

  Tampa

  Taylor, Maxwell

  tectonics

  Teller, Henry M.

  Teller Amendment

  Ten Years’ War

  Tetlow, Edwin

  Thomas, Clarence

  Tiede, Tom

  Time magazine

  tobacco

  Tomas, Enrique

  Tonton Macoutes

  Toro Cay

  torture; Bush policy on ; enhanced interrogation techniques ; failure of; Geneva Memo; of Haitian refugees; legal rights of detainees; methods; in 1950s, ; sexual humiliation; Supreme Court rulings on Bush policy; Torture Memo

  Torture Memo

  tourism

  trade; Asian; colonial; free; liquor; Platt Amendment on; sex; War of Independence and

  trade winds

  Treaty of Paris

  Truman, Harry

  Turner, Frederick Jackson

  24 (TV show)

  Twenty-sixth of July movement

  United Nations

  UN Convention and Protocol on the Status of Refugees; Article 33 of

  UNHCR

  United States; African Americans; aftermath of Spanish-American War; anticommunism; Bay of Pigs invasion; civil rights movement; Civil War; colonial interests in Guantánamo; Cuban Missile Crisis; early-twentieth-century policy in Cuba; Guantánamo used to deny constitutional protections; Haitian refugee policy; imperialism; Jeffersonian vision of American empire; labor unions; Mexican War; Native Americans; nineteenth-century policy in Cuba; 1900s–1930s policy in Cuba; 1950s–1960s policy in Cuba; 1970s–1980s policy in Cuba; occupation of Guantánamo, ; Operation GTMO; operations against Castro government; post–Civil War economy; post-9/11 Guantánamo policy; Reconstruction; slavery; Soviet relations; Spanish-American War; World War I, ; World War II,