single-parent, 297, 298, 308–9
size of, 96
two-career, 100, 187, 191, 196, 247, 283, 367
visiting and, 94, 97, 98, 107, 170, 194, 227, 234–35, 238, 257, 329
Families and Work Institute, 87
Family and Medical Leave Act, 407
farm associations, 67
farmworkers, 152
fast-food outlets, 102, 102
Federal Bureau of Investigation, 398
Federal Reserve, 398
Federal Trade Commission, 398
feminism, see women’s movement
financial capital, 40, 120, 124, 288, 306, 313, 329, 333, 412
see also income; wealth
Finke, Roger, 77
Fiorina, Morris, 342
firefighters, 130–31
First National Bank, 283
Fischer, Claude S., 20, 95, 166, 168–69, 184
Fischer, David Hackett, 24
flaming, 176–77
Florida, 375
Follett, Mary Parker, 377
Food and Drug Administration, 398
food inspection, 396, 398
food programs, 68
football, 109, 113, 114
Ford Motor Company, 369
forest system, 398
Foulke, William Dudley, 400
foundations, 117, 118
Fountain, Jane, 325
4–H, 55, 269–70, 393, 397, 406
Frank, Robert, 20
fraternal organizations, 22, 49, 51, 59, 67, 185, 278, 280, 339, 388–89, 390
Freedom Summer, 18, 153
see also civil rights movement
Freemasons, 55, 255, 339, 388, 389, 391
free riding, 45, 288, 349, 403
Free Speech Movement, 152
Freestyle Union, 412
French Revolution, 351
Friedan, Betty, 17, 403
Friends, 96, 108
friends, friendship, 20, 21, 67, 87, 90, 96, 106, 149, 153, 166, 169, 226, 274, 317, 338, 362, 371
in gangs, 311, 315–16
health, happiness and, 326, 329, 332, 335
job contacts and, 319, 320–21
visiting with, 94, 96–100, 97, 98, 99, 107, 109, 113, 115, 119, 170, 185, 186, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 206, 214, 218, 231, 234–35, 237, 238, 246, 257, 278, 279, 283, 284, 291, 296, 300, 314, 329, 343, 367, 403
Friends of the Earth, 159
frontierism, 204, 409
see also mobility
Front-Porch Alliance, 413
Fukuyama, Francis, 325
fundamentalist Protestants, 76–77, 355, 409, 410
funerals, virtual, 170
Gable, Clark, 271
Galanter, Marc, 147
Gallery 37, 412
Gallup polls, 91, 128, 143, 160
Gambetta, Diego, 136
Gamblers Anonymous, 150
gambling, casino, 104–5
game shows, 243
gangs, 21–22, 307, 311, 312, 315–16
Gans, Herbert, 209
GAR (Grand Army of the Republic), 268, 383
garment workers, 392
Garreau, Joel, 211
Gary, Ind., 270, 272
GASP (Group Against Smokers’ Pollution), 388
gated communities, 210
see also suburbs, suburbanization
gay and lesbian movement, 148, 152, 153, 156, 165
gender, 17, 23, 205, 220, 305, 331, 333, 419
associations segregated by, 388–90
equality and, 350, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356
see also men; women
General Accounting Office, 398
General Electric, 369, 394
General Federation of Women’s Clubs (GFWC), 55, 390, 396
General Social Survey (GSS), 59, 72, 91, 105, 109, 277, 352, 419–20, 422–24, 423
generational change, 33–35, 62–64, 247–76, 252, 253, 283–84, 404
in informal social connections, 104, 105, 109, 110
intolerance, 352–57, 367
intracohort vs. intercohort, 33–34, 266
life cycle vs., 248–50, 251
mass media consumption and, 219–21, 219, 220, 222, 225–26, 245, 246, 250–51, 266
in political knowledge and participation, 35–36, 37–40, 247, 250–54, 255, 256, 258, 261, 265, 266
in reciprocity and trust, 140–42, 140, 141, 251–54, 256, 258–59, 260–61, 265, 266
in religious participation, 69–75, 79, 250, 251–54, 255, 259, 261, 265, 266, 268
technology and media and, 34, 169–70, 219–21, 219, 220, 222, 225–26, 245, 246, 250–51, 266
varying effects of, 265–66
in volunteering, 129–33, 130, 131, 180, 248, 250–54, 259, 265, 266, 267–72
see also age; baby boom generation; World War II generation
Generation X, 187, 259–61, 357, 404– 406
civic engagement among, 26, 34, 110, 129, 131, 133, 265
materialism and individualism of, 259–61, 260, 264–65, 272–75, 334–35
media consumption among, 219–21, 225–26, 250–54
political knowledge and interest among, 36, 169–70, 250–51, 255, 259–60, 261
reciprocity and trust expressed by, 140–42, 251–54, 256, 260–61
religious participation among, 75, 250, 251–54
suicide and depression in, 261–65, 334–35
see also generational change; young people
genetic predispositions, 329
George, Henry, 207
Gerbner, George, 245
German Democratic Republic (East Germany), 338
German immigrants, 371, 390
GFWC (General Federation of Women’s Clubs), 55, 390, 396
Gifford, Walter Sherman, 394
Gilded Age, 367, 368–76, 402
association building in, 383–91, 384, 385, 386–87, 388
immigration and Americanization in, 370, 371–72, 375–76, 381
reform in, 372–74, 389–90, 394, 410
technological and economic change in, 368–70, 371–72, 374–75, 381–82
urbanization in, 370–72
Gilson, R. J., 147
gin rummy, 103, 105
Girls Clubs, 393, 406
Girl Scouts, 54, 55, 117, 269, 278, 329, 393
Glenn Valley, Pa., 15
global economy, 88, 187, 282–83, 325, 403
global warming, 23, 26
Godbey, Geoffrey, 190, 191, 222, 223, 241–42, 424
Goffman, Erving, 176
Gold Beach, Oreg., 21
Golden Rule, 21, 135
Goldsmith, Stephen, 413
golf, 109, 111, 112
Goodman, Benny, 394
“Gospel of Wealth, The” (Carnegie), 117
gossip, 93
GOTV (Get out the vote) activities, 37
government, 145, 404, 412–14
decision making in, 337, 338, 340
effectiveness of, 346–49, 412–14
employment in, 82
industries regulated by, 325, 398
regulations by, 325, 398
size of, 281–82, 282, 348
trust in, 33, 47, 137, 142, 261, 268–69, 340–41, 347–49
voluntary associations and, 49–52, 336–44
ward, 336–37
see also democracy; politics and public affairs
Grable, Betty, 269
graffiti, 307
Grand Army of the Republic (GAR), 268, 383
Grange, 54, 55, 86, 268, 393, 397
Granovetter, Mark, 22–23, 319–20
grassroots politics, 37–40, 42–47, 218, 327, 331, 336–44, 368, 377–78, 399, 404, 410
Great Awakening, 409
Great Britain, 236, 371, 380
Great Depression, 106, 126, 145, 163, 254, 257, 271
civic drought occasioned by, 16, 18, 54, 55, 56, 63, 80, 83, 103, 112, 123, 166, 192–93
Greene, Thomas, 23
Greenpeace, 53, 1
53, 155–58, 159
greeting cards, sending of, 94, 95, 97, 98, 105, 231, 266
grief counseling, 170
Grosse Point, Mich., 318
Group Against Smokers’ Pollution (GASP), 388
Groves, W. Byron, 314
GSS (General Social Survey), 59, 72, 91, 105, 109, 277, 352, 419–20, 422–24, 423
guilds, 346, 358
guns, 158–59, 315
Gutmann, Amy, 338, 359
Habitat for Humanity, 68, 118
Hadassah, 54, 55, 158, 390, 401
Hamilton, Diana, 86
Hamilton, James T., 344
Hammond, Phillip, 65, 74
Hanifan, L. J., 19, 20, 21, 395, 398
Hannibal, Mo., 269
Hansen, Karen V., 95–96
happiness, 28, 261–65, 308, 331–35, 334, 367
Harding, Warren, 392
Harnett, Susan, 317
Harris polls, 190
Hart, Roderick, 242
Harvard University, 214, 327–28
Harwood, W. S., 388
hazardous waste plants, 344, 346
health, 28, 131, 150–51, 261–65, 289, 326–35, 328, 330, 332, 363, 367
mental, 179, 234, 239, 261–65, 299, 326, 331–35
see also public health
health care, 327, 331, 345, 363, 396, 407
health clubs, 109, 110, 112, 392
heart attacks, 326, 329
Heckscher, Charles, 88
Held, Virginia, 17
Henderson, Anne, 303
Heying, Charles, 283
Higginbotham, Evelyn, 392
high schools, 392
see also schools
High School Victory Corps, 269
highways, 408
speeding on, 143
Hiltz, Starr Roxanne, 171
Hispanics, 209, 376
hitchhiking, 143
Hitler, Adolf, 259
hobbies, hobby groups, 17, 59, 67, 149, 172, 190, 192, 237, 278, 324
Hochschild, Arlie Russell, 86–87
hockey, 113
Holiday Bowling Lanes, 245
Holifield, E. Brooks, 65, 391
home building, 208
homemakers, 195–201, 202–3
employment preferences of, 196–201, 197, 198, 200
homeownership, 94, 185, 204, 205, 206, 323, 344
homicide, 296, 308–9, 309
homosexuality, 173, 258, 352
see also gay and lesbian movement
honesty, 25, 27, 117, 134–47, 205, 367
perceptions of, 139–42, 139, 140, 141, 347–48
personal vs. community basis for, 136–37, 138, 141–43
reinforcement of, 136–37
see also reciprocity; trust, trustworthiness
Hoover, Herbert, 394
Hoover, J. Edgar, 394
Horowitz, Ruth, 315
hospitals, 118, 324
House, James, 326–27
households:
single-person, 277, 278
see also families
House of Representatives, U.S., 35, 36
housework, 190, 194, 227, 237, 241
housing codes, 324, 396
housing programs, 68, 408
How the Other Half Lives (Riis), 373, 378
Hull House, 373, 393, 397
human capital, 18, 19, 20, 22, 289, 313, 321, 333
see also education
Hume, David, 134, 135
Huttenlocher, Dan, 180
ideology, 338, 345
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers), 83, 84, 85
Illinois, 371
I Love Lucy, 96, 245, 258
immigrants, immigration, 76, 204, 292–94, 329, 370, 375, 379, 381–82, 400
employment and, 320, 322, 368, 372, 378
urbanization and, 371–72, 374, 381
see also ethnic communities; mobility
immune system, 327, 331
incivisme, 345
income, 94, 118, 174, 186, 193–94, 273, 280, 322, 323, 328, 419
free time and, 189, 191
health and happiness and, 328, 333, 334–35
media consumption and, 220, 243
philanthropic giving and, 122–23, 124, 126, 131
see also poverty; wealth
income tax, 398
Independent Order of Odd Fellows, 383, 389, 391
India, 325
Indianapolis, Ind., 379, 413
Indonesia, 325
indoor relief, 371
Industrial Area Foundation, 68
industrial districts, 324–25
industrial economy, 82, 145–46, 368–70
Industrial Revolution, 24–25, 86, 117, 368, 372, 382
infant mortality, 17, 373
informal social connections, 93–115, 121, 141, 213, 237, 238
employment secured through, 289, 290, 312, 319–20, 324, 363
formal vs., 93–95, 96–98, 97, 98, 117, 300–301, 342–43
life cycle and, 94, 95, 104, 105, 107–8, 109, 110, 278
telephone and, 166–69
time spent on, 107–8, 108
of women, 94–95, 107
information:
in mass media, 217–21, 369
sources of, 36, 321
transmission of, 172, 176, 289, 325, 338
see also news
information technology, 88, 90
see also Internet
in-line skating, 109
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), 83, 84, 85
institutions:
distrust of, 257
effectiveness of, 22, 413–14
insurance industry, 137, 138, 144, 325, 328, 392
interest groups, 49–51, 164
International Campaign to Ban Landmines, 173
International Society of Sand Castle Builders, 388
Internet, 21, 23, 27, 34, 90, 104, 105, 148, 166, 169–80, 376, 377, 410–11
access to, 174–75, 216, 221, 223, 223, 411
communication enhanced on, 171–73, 174, 176, 180
egalitarianism on, 172–73, 174, 176, 411
isolation and, 179–80, 411
news on, 221
political culture of, 173–74
shared interests on, 172, 177–79
social cues and feedback absent on, 173, 175–77, 180
see also telecommunications
Interstate 65, 413
Iowa, 297, 310, 376
Irish immigrants, 371
Italian immigrants, 376, 390
Italy, 325, 344–46
Iyengar, Shanto, 242
Izaak Walton League, 157
Jackson, Kenneth T., 211
Jackson, Robert, 184
Jacobs, Jane, 19, 308
James, William, 372, 404
Janowitz, Morris, 184
Japan, 327
Japanese Americans, internment of, 271
Jaycees, 389
Jefferson, Thomas, 336, 337
Jennings, Peter, 221
Jerry Springer Show, 243
Jerusalem, 170
Jews, 54, 75, 76, 271, 361, 375–76, 390
Jim Crow, 33, 294, 361–62, 375, 400
jobs, see employment; workplace
job training programs, 345
jogging, 110, 111, 112
John Birch Society, 161
Johnson, Tom, 397
Joint Venture: Silicon Valley, 324
journalism, civic, 410
judges, 145, 146
see also legal system
Jungle, The (Sinclair), 378
Junior Leagues, 270
Junior Red Cross, 269
Junior Service Corps, 269
jury service, 35, 67, 137, 407
Justice Department, U.S., 107
Katz, Alfred H., 151
Kelley, Florence, 394, 397
Kennedy, John F., 17, 31, 243, 255, 257, 272
Kennedy, John F., Jr., 244
Kennedy
administration, 82
kindergartens, 390, 393, 394
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 257
Kingsley House, 394
Kirschner, Don, 374
Kissell, Tom, 15
Kiwanis, 85, 117, 279, 389
Knights of Columbus, 23, 54, 389, 390
Knights of Labor, 392
Knights of Pythias, 268, 383, 389
Kollock, Peter, 173
Korean Americans, 320
Korean War, 272
Kubey, Robert, 238–40
Ku Klux Klan (KKK), 22, 340, 400
Kunstler, James Howard, 224
Labor Department, U.S., 398
laborers, see workers
labor unions, see unions
Ladies’ Aid Societies, 267–68
L.A. Law, 146
Lambert, John, 28
land conservation, 160
see also environmental concerns
Lane, Robert E., 17
Lang, Robert, 210
Latané, Bibb, 93 n
Latin America, immigration from, 76
Latinos, 209, 376
lawyers, 83, 195, 324
employment of, 145–47, 145
League of Women Voters, 54, 55, 85, 156, 211, 268, 367, 399
lecture circuits, 392, 397–98
Lee, Barrett A., 106
legal system, 136, 145–47, 325, 345, 396
Lehrer, Jim, 348
leisure, 16–17, 372, 377–78, 399, 423– 424, 423
individualization and privatization of, 216–17, 223–24, 229, 236, 238, 245
see also entertainment; informal social connections
Lerman, Liz, 411
lesbians, see gay and lesbian movement
letter writing, 34, 166, 231, 232, 234
political, 43, 44, 45, 46, 97, 98, 132, 161, 185, 186, 228, 229, 251, 257, 279, 338, 342
Levine, Peter, 394
Levittown, N.J., 209
Lewis, Sinclair, 350–51, 357
Lexington, Mass., 214
liberals, 342, 413
libertarianism, 258, 378
libraries, 175, 352, 374, 392
Life, 16, 17, 106
life cycle, 248–50, 251, 254
see also age
life expectancy, 135, 255–56, 331
see also death; health
Light, Paul, 257
Lincoln, C. Eric, 68–69
Lindert, Peter, 370
Lingeman, Richard, 268–70
Link, Arthur, 398
Lions Clubs, 20, 55, 117, 268, 345, 388, 389
Lippmann, Walter, 379, 402
LISC (Local Initiatives Support Corporation), 408
literacy, 324, 409
literacy tests, 33, 375
literary clubs, see reading and study groups
Little League, 249
Little Rock, Ark., 15
lobbying, 290, 305, 337, 338, 378
Local Initiatives Support Corporation (LISC), 408
loggers, 412
Los Angeles, Calif., 96, 320–21, 322
Louch, Hugh, 321
Louisiana, 291, 292, 310, 375
Loury, Glenn, 19
Lowi, Theodore, 340
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