Franklin Delano Roosevelt (aircraft carrier), 589
Fraser, Donald M., 251–252
Frei Montalva, Eduardo, 376, 396, 398, 404, 406
Frydenlund, Knut, 920
Fuad, Nagwa, 968, 1070, 1128
Fulbright, J. William, 426, 427, 430, 853, 1121, 1123, 1199
HAK letter to, on wiretaps, 1119, 1120
Fulbright amendment (to Armed Forces Appropriation Authorization for Fiscal Year 1971), 337–338
FUNK (National United Front of Kampuchea), 342n
G-class submarine, 1145, 1146, 1148
Gamasy, Mohammed Abdel Ghany el-, 967, 972, 1089
and Egyptian-Israeli disengagement (meetings with HAK), 822–823, 824, 825–826, 828, 834, 835
and Kilometer 101 talks, 750, 751, 772
and Syrian-Israeli disengagement, 1075, 1076
Gandhi, Indira, 676
Gang of Four, 70, 368, 697, 698
Garment, Leonard, 73, 74–75, 79–80, 102, 110, 417
breaks news of Watergate to HAK, 75–76, 78–79
Gaza Strip, 220
Gazit, Mordechai, 830n, 1103
Geneen, Harold S., 389
General Accounting Office, 994
Geneva, HAK meets Gromyko in (April 28–29, 1974), 995–996, 1027, 1049–1050
Geneva Accords, 1954, 85
Geneva Conference, 1962, 20
Geneva Middle East Peace Conference, 1973, 747–750, 760, 773, 793–798
discussed with Boumedienne, 765–766
Egyptian views on, 769–770
Faisal’s views on, 775
French lack of interest in, 728
Hussein’s views on, 786–787
HAK at, 796, 797
HAK press statement on (December 20, 1973), 793
draft letters of invitation to, 755, 756, 757–759, 766, 769–770, 775, 782–783, 785, 790, 791
letters of invitation to accepted, 792
Soviet views on, 767
US and Soviet permanent representatives to, 794–795, 844
US strategy with respect to, 686, 749, 750, 752, 765–766, 767
Genscher, Hans-Dietrich, 1179, 1194, 1195, 1196
German Democratic Republic, 145, 584, 589
Germany, Federal Republic of (West), 732, 861, 1092
Chinese views on, 57
response to 1973
US Foreign Policy Report, 161
relations of, with France, 731
HAK visits (March 1974) 927, 928–929, (July 19, 1974) 1179–1180
and oil embargo, 908
Pompidou’s views on, 177–178
relations of, with Soviet Union, 144, 145, 146, 731
and Washington Energy Conference, 901n, 902, 903n, 913
and Year of Europe, 147–148, 154–155, 156–157, 186–187, 190
see also Ostpolitik
RELATIONS OF, WITH UNITED STATES, 145–148, 154–159, 185–187, 190–191, 286, 830
improvement in, 933, 1194
and Middle East war, 709, 712, 713–714, 715–716
and Watergate, 123, 157, 159, 734
Ghanim, Dr. Muhammad Hafiz, 213n
Ghorbal, Ashraf, 635–636, 969
Giscard d’Estaing, Valéry, 175, 746n, 911, 933
Glassboro summit (1967), 261
Godley, G. McMurtrie, 320–321
Golan Heights, 215, 784, 851
annexed by Israel, 1109n
sporadic Israeli-Syrian fighting on, 937, 1039
Israeli settlements on, 1043
Meir’s remarks on (February 9, 1974), 946
fighting in, during Middle East war, 473, 475, 489, 502, 504
see also Syrian-Israeli disengagement
Goldwater, Barry, 1121, 1152, 1206
Goodpaster, Andrew, 137, 437
Gray, L. Patrick, 319
Great Britain. See Britain
Grechko, Andrei, 269, 499, 1007
Greece, 708–709
and Cyprus, 1189–1192
Greek-Turkish conflict, historical, 1188–1189
Greene, Joseph N., Jr. (Jerry), 207–208, 224–225
Greenhill, Sir Denis, 162–163
Griffin, Robert, 1202
Gromyko, Andrei, 204, 218, 612, 1105
and Agreement on the Prevention of Nuclear War, 276, 279–280
and Soviet emigration policies, 990, 994, 995–996
and Geneva Middle East Peace Conference, 756, 775, 794–795, 796, 797
at 1974 Moscow summit, 1164, 1165, 1168, 1170, 1172, 1174
meets with Nixon (February 4, 1974), 940–941, 942
and nuclear test ban, 1167
and SALT, 272–273, 1016, 1027, 1172
at 1973
Washington summit, 291, 292, 294, 295, 297, 298, 299
refers to Watergate and impeachment, 1026, 1152, 1153
MEETINGS OF, WITH HAK: May 1973 (in Soviet Union), 230, 232
October 1973 (in Moscow), 548–549, 554, 555, 558–559
February 1974 (in Moscow), 942–943
March 1974 (in Moscow), 994, 1022, 1033
April 1974 (in Geneva), 995–996, 1027, 1049–1050
May 1974 (in Cyprus), 1063–1065
AND MIDDLE EAST, 579–580
plans to visit Cairo, 968, 969
plans to visit/visits Damascus, 953, 956, 969, 971, 972, 1059, 1094, 1099–1101, 1103, 1104, 1105
and disengagement negotiations, 940–943, 1033, 1034–1035, 1049–1050
warns of possible war, 461, 463
Growald, Richard, 820n
GRUNK (Royal Government of National Union of Kampuchea), 342
Guo Moro (Kuo Mo-jo), 695
Gur, Mordechai (Motta), 492, 493, 803, 804, 1065, 1103
Gwertzman, Bernard, 820n, 1086n
H-class submarine, 1145
Habe, Hans, 155
Haig, Alexander M., Jr., 4, 107–110, 127, 203, 509, 578, 599, 635, 772, 804, 836, 881, 1192, 1206
and possible Cambodian settlement, 346, 359
appointed chief of staff, 106, 108–110, 415
and JCS liaison office investigation, 806
relationship of, with HAK, 107, 108, 109, 110, 118
and HAK Middle East trip (November 1973), 656, 657
and possible superpower intervention in Middle East, 583, 585, 586, 593
and Middle East war, 454, 455, 468, 472, 474, 479, 480, 495, 504, 513, 517, 542, 543
at 1974 Moscow summit, 1163
suggests to Nixon that he make HAK Secretary of State, 420, 421, 422
and HAK discuss possible Nixon resignation, 1196–1197, 1198–1199, 1202, 1205
service in last days of Nixon Presidency, 1197
tells HAK about Oval Office recording system, 110
and HAK’s Salzburg press conference, 1118, 1119, 1120–1121
and Vietnam Agreement violations, 324, 326
and Washington Energy Conference, 911, 915
and Watergate, 113, 116, 416–417, 537, 552, 567, 575, 606–607
and wiretapping, 120n, 429
Haldeman, H. R. (Bob), 94–98, 105, 107, 113, 184, 420
relationship of, with HAK, 93, 97–98, 99, 414
relationship of, with Nixon, 94, 95–96, 97, 104, 419
and wiretapping, 120n, 121
AND WATERGATE, 75, 77, 78, 79, 98–99, 323, 324, 1200
indicted, 970
Nixon considers firing, 90, 99
and Oval Office taping system, 111, 112
resignation of, 102, 103–104
Hallstein Doctrine, 145
Halperin, Morton, 1114
Hanoi, North Vietnam, 24–25, 26–27, 42
Han Xu (Han Hsu), 104, 364, 365, 366
Harlow, Bryce, 92–93, 106, 113–114
Harrington, Michael J., 382
Hartford Times, 371
Hartman, Arthur, 906n
Hassan, Crown Prince (Jordan), 786, 847, 977
Hassan, King (Morocco), 627, 630, 631, 1037
Heath, Edward, 57, 137, 140–143, 177
, 286, 720, 732
and alert of US troops, 712–713
domestic position of, 701, 733, 930, 933
meets with HAK (May 10, 1973), 162, 163
and Middle East war, 506, 509, 717
meets with Nixon (February 1973), 142–143
meets with Pompidou, 171–172
attitude of, toward United States, 141, 731
and Year of Europe, 189, 190
Heikal, Mohammed, 645
Helms, Richard, 7, 626, 674
Helsinki conference, 1975, and Final Act, 1165
Hermon, Mount, 1090
Herrera, Luis, 385
Herter, Christian, 425
Herter Committee, 137
Hickenlooper amendment, 376, 388
Hillenbrand, Martin, 712
Hitler, Adolf, 459
Hmong (Meo) tribesmen, 22
Ho Chi Minh, 22
Ho Chi Minh Trail, 18, 20, 32, 319, 322, 324
Holland. See Netherlands Holton, Linwood, 1150
Home, Sir Alec Douglas-. See Douglas-Home, Sir Alec
Hong Kong, 44, 692
Hoover, J. Edgar, 117
and wiretapping, 119–120, 428, 429, 1115, 1123
Houphouöt-Boigny, Félix, 495
House Judiciary Committee, 1114, 1115
and impeachment resolutions, 575, 656, 1025–1026, 1180, 1197–1198
House of Representatives, US: impeachment procedure in, 1193
see also Congress, US; House committees
House Ways and Means Committee, 989, 990
Hou Youn, 342
Howe, Jonathan T., 366, 586
Huang Hua, 61, 350, 351–352, 582
Huang Zhen (Huang Chen), 61, 62, 364, 542, 558, 582, 683, 692–693, 698
and possible Cambodian settlement, 351, 352, 354, 362–363
Huerta, Ismael, 409–410
human rights: in Chile, 410–413
in Soviet Union, 988
Humphrey, Hubert, 87, 426, 429, 1121
Hungary, 303, 685
Hu Nim, 342
Hunt, E. Howard, 320
Hussein, King, 199, 215–220, 544, 629, 787, 852
and Algiers summit, 756
and cease-fire, 540, 556, 568–569
and Geneva Middle East Peace Conference, 748, 786–787, 791
and HAK’s visits to Jordan, 655–656, 786–787, 846–847, 848, 977, 1062–1063
and Ma’alot crisis, 1077
and Middle East war, 454, 461, 490, 494, 500, 506, 537
and Nixon’s visit to Jordan (June 1974), 1142
and PLO, 503, 625, 626, 788
and Sadat, 219
and Syrian-Israeli disengagement negotiations, 1043, 1062, 1089
visits Washington, 218–220, 1037, 1038
and possible West Bank negotiations, 1037–1038
Hyland, William G., 159, 230, 441, 1173
Ibn Saud. See Saud, Ibn
ICBM (intercontinental ballistic missile), 133–134, 1004
Minuteman, 271, 273, 1002, 1003, 1012, 1018, 1159, 1194, 1195
MX, 261, 1001, 1002, 1003
and SALT I agreement, 1144–1145, 1146, 1147–1148
SS-7, 1144–1145, 1146
SS-8, 1145
SS-9, 270, 1011
SS-11, 273, 1011
SS-17, 273, 1011, 1015
SS-18, 1011
SS-19, 1011, 1015
Titan II, 1148
Iceland, 172–173
Iceland summit, 175–180
preparations for, 170–175
Idris, King, 859
Iklé, Fred, 263
Independence (aircraft carrier), 589
India, 420, 676, 687
India-Pakistan crisis, 7, 806
Indochina: Chinese views on, 57–60
US involvement in, 83
see also Southeast Asia; individual countries
Indonesia, 303
Ingersoll, Robert, 1206
Intelligence Board, US, 463
Inter-American Development Bank, 380
intercontinental ballistic missile. See ICBM
Interests Section, defined, 207n
Interim Agreement. See SALT I: Interim Agreement
International Commission of Control and Supervision (ICCS), 303, 320
International Energy Agency, 745, 921, 924
International Monetary Fund, 401, 409
International Petroleum Company, 376
International Telephone and Telegraph (ITT), 389, 390
Iran, 55, 67, 524, 667–676, 687, 866n, 941
HAK’s visit to (November 9, 1973), 673, 674–676
modernization of, 670–672
and oil price rise, 888, 889
oil production in, 667–668, 674, 869
oil sales of, to United States, 857, 858, 868
relations of, with United States, 667–670, 672
upheaval in, 887, 925
see also Iran, Shah of; Tehran
Iran, Shah of (Mohammed Reza Pahlavi), 544, 556, 687, 791, 869
and HAK’s visit to Iran (November 1973), 674–676
and Middle East war, 487, 512, 524–525, 527
and oil price rise, 888, 889
and oil sales from Iran to UnitedStates, 857, 858
overthrow of, 670, 671, 672
and Sadat, 650
and US-Iranian relations, 667, 668, 669, 673–674
Iraq, 197, 216, 217, 674–675, 866n, 937
and Algiers summit, 756
Chinese views on, 687
and France, 1129
and Iran, 668, 670, 941
and Middle East war, 524
and Soviet Union, 218, 504, 524, 669
Ireland, 131, 903n
Irwin, John N., II, 171, 180, 703, 863, 864–865
Ismail, Mohammed Hafiz, 196, 592, 598, 610, 611
and cease-fire, 553, 556, 568, 575, 579
invites HAK to Egypt, 567, 578, 582
and HAK’s visit to Egypt (November 1973), 635
meeting with HAK in France (May 1973), 226–227
HAK’s secret channel with, 206–207, 208, 213–216, 223, 224, 460
and Middle East war, 481, 496–497, 499–500, 506, 522, 527, 530, 541
visits Moscow (December 1973), 209–210, 469
US approaches to, 207–209
visits United States (February 1973), 210, 211, 212–216
Ismail, Mohammed Zakariya, 453, 760
Israel: internal politics of, 484, 539, 603n, 800, 936–937, 959–960, 1039
military superiority of, 206
negotiating method of, 539
negotiating team, 830n-831n
Nixon’s views on, 202–203, 211, 212
Nixon visits (June 1974), 1136–1137, 1141
ambivalence of, toward Sadat, 649
Shah of Iran’s views on, 675
and Six Day War, 196–197
Soviet Jews emigrating to (September 1973), 463, 469
and Soviet Union, 941, 944
CABINET OF, 791, 937, 959
and Egyptian disengagement, 816, 838
and Ma’alot crisis, 1078
and six-point plan, 652
and Syrian disengagement, 950, 1063, 1075, 1077, 1102–1103, 1106
and possible West Bank negotiations, 1139
AND CEASE-FIRE, 545–546, 555–556, 564–565, 573
agrees to observe, 509, 575
military situation after, 571, 578, 579
and possible superpower intervention to enforce, 588, 590
violations of, 568–569, 571–572, 574–575, 578–579, 580
HAK VISITS, 1073
October 1973, 559, 560–562, 564–565
December 1973, 789–791
January 1974, 815–818, 829–834, 836–843, 851–852, 939
February 1974, 960–966, 969
May 1974, 1052–1054, 1057, 1062, 1063, 1065–1066, 1069, 1071–1072, 1074–1075, 1076–1082, 1084–1086, 1094–1095, 1102–1103, 1106–1108
AND MIDDLE EAST WAR: an
alysis of Egyptian and Syrian military capability, 459, 460, 464, 465
attacked by Egypt and Syria, 454, 455–458
threatened by Egyptian and Syrian troops, 450–451, 453, 455, 461, 466
and Egyptian Third Army, 601, 602–605, 607, 615
judgment on possibility of, 464, 466–467
losses in, 492, 561
military situation during, 472–473, 475, 476–477, 488–489, 504, 525, 532, 534, 538, 542, 546, 552–553, 565
prisoners, in Egypt and Syria, 615, 751, 832, 851, 939, 940, 951–952, 959n, 961–962, 963
AND PALESTINIAN TERRORISTS, 626, 627, 628, 629, 788
attack on Kiryat Shmona, 1048–1049
attacks on, in Lebanon, 205, 223, 1048–1049, 1082n
attack on Ma’alot, 1076, 1077–1078, 1079, 1082
in Syria, 205, 1090–1091, 1103, 1104, 1106
PARLIAMENT OF (KNESSET), 800, 936
and Syrian disengagement agreement, 1103, 1106
AND PEACE NEGOTIATIONS, 215–216, 219, 220, 227
Geneva Middle East Peace Conference, 748–749, 757–759, 775, 792, 795, 796, 797
military talks at Geneva, 797, 800, 803–804
Kilometer 101 talks, 611, 666, 750–753, 772, 799–800
need for, 842–843
position on, 197–199, 201, 206, 217–218, 221
six-point plan, 642, 643, 651–654
possible West Bank, 787, 847–848, 976–977, 1038, 1138–1140
see also Egyptian-Israeli disengagement; Syrian-Israeli disengagement
AND SYRIA, 935, 936
and feeling about disengagement, 1044–1047, 1054, 1068–1069, 1071, 1073, 1082–1083
sporadic fighting on Golan Heights, 937, 1039
shoots down Syrian jets (September 13, 1973), 464n
see also and Middle East war, above; Syrian-Israeli disengagement
RELATIONS OF, WITH UNITED STATES, 483–485, 538–539, 598, 619–620, 1138–1139
Memorandums of Understanding, 652, 654, 790, 833
and Middle East war, 461, 510–511, 542–543, 608–611
and possible peace negotiations, 211, 487, 620–623, 624, 759, 1137–1138, (cease-fire) 504, 509, 539, 558
see also US aid to, below
US AID TO, 221–222, 223, 873, 1129, 1136
during Middle East war, 477–479, 480, 485–486, 490, 491, 492–493, 495–496, 499
airlift during war, 501–502, 513–515, 518, 520, 522, 525–526, 527, 531, 536, 542, 546, 602, 644, 709, 873
Nixon threatens to cut off, 792, 1078–1079, 1205
Italy, 178
internal politics of, 150
relations of, with United States, 123, 149–150, 714
and Washington Energy Conference, 901n, 903n
and Year of Europe, 150, 155
Izvestia, 362, 1162
Jackson, Henry M., 256, 286, 288, 328, 504, 531, 595, 1121, 1129, 1175
and Jewish emigration from Soviet Union, 250–251, 252, 253–255, 986–995, 996–997
Years of Upheaval Page 190