Castle, Barbara, 94and Kenyan atrocities, 75
Castro, Fidel, 118
Central African Federation, 94, 107founded (1953), 70
wound up (1963), 107
Césaire, Aimé, 77biography of, 226
honoured (2011), 210
Ceylon, 98
Chad French intervention in, 115
invaded by Gaddafi (1982), 115
secured by Free French (1940), 52, 61
Chadli, Colonel Bendjedid, 163
Chalfont, Lord Alan, 111, 112
Challe, General Maurice, 99, 100
Chamberlain, Joseph, 244
Chanoine, Captain Julien, 27
Charlie Hebdo affair (2015), 227, 258divides opinion in France, 226
Chatterji, Joya, 10, 219
Che Guevara, 131
Chechnya war in, 163
Chemin des Dames, Battle of (1917), 40
Cheney, Dick, 183, 187
Chenière, Ernest, 171
Chevènement, Jean-Pierre opposed to Maastricht, 155
resigns over first Iraq War, 161
Chiang Kai-shek, 49
China and First World War, 41
as global power, 6, 261
Boxer rebellion, 29
British embassy to (1793), 19
communist revolution in (1949), 79
Cultural Revolution in, 131
invaded by Japan (1937), 50
May 4 movement (1919), 44
Nationalist movement in, 49
overthrow of Qing dynasty (1911), 41
scramble for, 29
Taping Rebellion, 20
warlords in, 49
Chirac, Jacques, 175, 187and 1988 presidential election, 116
orders military action in New Caledonia (1988), 116
recalls Foccart, 115
Chittagong, 60
Churchill, Winston and European union (1947), 84
draws USA into war (1941– 2), 54
funeral of (1965), 108
on Empire of a thousand years (1940), 51
on ‘empires of the mind’, 1
on fall of Singapore (1942), 55
on ‘Frog blackamoors’, 62
refuses liquidation of British Empire (1942), 58
row with De Gaulle before D-Day, 61, 146
rushes to Washington at Christmas 1941, 54
struggles to hold India, 56
Civil Rights movement, 110
civilisation, 3, 8, 15, 32, 37, 38, 39, 61, 77, 122, 256at expense of colonial peoples, 200
civilising mission, 7, 15, 25, 32, 33, 34, 36, 38
Clemenceau, Georges, 43
Clichy-sous-Bois, 202
Cliff, Jimmy, 137
Clinton, Bill, 183
Clive, Robert, 17
Cochin-China, 66French colony in, 21
republic of (1946), 79
Cochrane, Kelso, 124
Code de l’Indigénat, Le, 33, 40, 46
Cold War, 69, 72and Africa, 76
end of, 121, 158, 160, 183, 258
impact on decolonisation, 79
Collins, Canon John, 76
Colombo, Ceylon bombed by Japanese (1942), 56
‘colonial fracture’, 10, 199, 224, 259
colonialism working through, 261
colonies American, 2
of settlement, 2
trauma of losing, 3
colonies of settlement, 15, 23, 255and expropriation, 15, 21, 255
migration to after Second World War, 4
resistance to decolonisation, 98
white, 2
‘colonising in reverse’, 122, 143, 258
colour bars, 125, 135, 169
colour line, 31
Commonwealth and Anglosphere, 200
and British relations with Europe, 6, 86
black majority rule in, 95
challenged by Francophonie, 252
changing profile of (1960), 105, 144
immigration from, 124, 136
majority opposed to Suez intervention, 90
‘new clothes’ for the British Empire, 245
revival of ideas about, 235, 242, 245
Commonwealth Immigrants Act (1962), 124
Commonwealth Immigrants Act (1968), 124, 127
Commonwealth, New, 124
Commune, Paris (1871), 115, 117, 133
Communist Revolutionary League (LCR), 134
communitarianism, 5
Community, French (1958), 97, 102
Compagnie française des Indes, 17
companies, multinational, 118, 258access to raw materials, 119
and neo-colonialism, 120
growth in size of, 119
tax havens of, 244
Condorcet, Nicolas de, 173
Congo Belgians in, 26
French, 26, 52, 61
Congress Party, 41
Congress Party, all-India National, 48and 1937 elections, 48
and independence (1947), 71
founded (1885), 34
Continental Blockade, 147
Continental System, Napoleonic, 6, 18, 146
Cook, Robin opposes Iraq war, 188
Cooper, Frederick, 9
Corbyn, Jeremy on risk of provoking terrorism, 230, 241
Cot, Jean-Pierre, 111, 114
Cot, Pierre, 6465, 111
Coty, René, 93
Coulibaly, Amédy, 196and Charlie Hebdo killings, 224
Cox, Jo, 236
Creil, 171
Crick Report (1998), 199
Cripps, Sir Stafford, 56, 71
Croydon colour bars in (1966–7), 125
Cudlipp, Hugh, 75
Curtin, John, 54, 55
Curzon, Lord George, 34
Cyprus state of emergency on (1955), 88
Daesh. See Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS)
Dahomey, 34
Dakar, 53, 78attack on (1940), 52
Damascus bombed by French (1925), 47, 256
occupied by British (1918), 41
Pan-Syrian Congress meets in (1920), 43
shelled by French (1945), 64
Darlan deal, the, 59
Darlan, Admiral François, 53, 58assassinated (1942), 59
Darwin, John, 11, 16, 71
Das, Chitteranjan, 38
Davis, David as Brexit minister, 238
on Brexit opportunity, 235
Davos, 190
Dayan, Moshe and 1948 war, 87
and Suez Crisis, 87
D-Day, 61commemoration (1984), 149
commemoration (1994), 168
myth of, 113
De Beers Consolidated Mines, 106
De Bollardière, Jacques, 92, 175
De Bollardière, Simone, 175
De Chevigné, Pierre, 80
De Gaulle, Charles, 188against European Defence Community, 85, 145
and Algerian crisis, 97, 99, 257
appeal of 18 June 1940, 51
assassination attempt (1962), 102
clashes with British in Syria (1941), 53
criticises USA (1966), 147
in Algiers (1943–4), 59
inspires Emmanuel Macron, 250
on EEC as vehicle of French domination, 145, 260
on empire and great power (1946), 77
on France’s civilising mission, 65
on French greatness, 86
on French role in Syria (1945), 65
opposed to NATO (1954), 85
returns to power (1958), 99
row with Churchill before D-Day, 61, 146
sentenced to death by Vichy (1940), 52
vetoes British membership of EEC (1963), 146
withdraws from the integrated command structure of NATO (1966), 147
De Hautecloque, Jean, 81
De Lattre de Tassigny, General Jean, 79, 82
De Lesquen, Henry, 143
De Saint-Marc, Hélie Denoix, 222
De Villepin, Dominique, 188and Iraq War, 188
invokes 1955 emergency powers (2005), 203
De Villie
rs, Philippe, 204
Deaken, Alfred, 31
Debré, Michel on Maastricht, 155
decolonisation and settler communities, 69, 98
imperialism of, 70, 84
myth of peaceful, 72, 95, 200
records destroyed, 7
rush of in 1960s, 3
Decoux, Admiral Jean, 52
Delhi, 24
Delors, Jacques and 2005 European constitution, 204
and broadening of European Community, 149
and Single European Act, 150
greeted by TUC as Frère Jacques, 150
on ‘true federation’ (1990), 153
plans for economic and monetary union, 150
president of the European Commission (1985), 149
‘Up yours, Delors’, 153
Devlin, Bernadette, 109
Devlin, Patrick, 94
Dewsbury, 229
Diagne, Blaise, 40
Diefenbaker, John, 105
Diego Suarez, 57
Dien Bien Phu French defeat at (1954), 14, 82, 91, 92, 257
discrimination, racial, 123, 124
Dizzee Rascal, 211
Djaïdja, Toumi, 136, 140and March for Equality (1983), 140
arrest of (1984), 140
Djellali Ben Ali, 132
Djorkaeff, Youri, 178
Dominions and British defence, 70
and Europe, 84
and First World War, 40
and Second World War, 54
British trade with the, 70
equal status of, 55
equal status sought, 45
interwar migration to, 45
nationalism of, 70
self-government of, 24, 30, 34
white, 71, 157, 245, 260
Douste-Blazy, Philippe, 197
Drayton, Richard, 10
Dreux election (1983), 141
Dreyfus Affair Charlie Hebdo compared to, 225
Dronne, Raymond, 93
Drumont, Édouard, 33
Du Bois, W.E.B. denounces colonialism, 62
on ‘colour line’, 32
on ‘religion of whiteness’, 256
Dudley, 233
Duggan, Mark, 215
Dulles, John Foster and Suez Crisis, 88, 89
Dunkirk, 50
Dupleix, Joseph-François, 17
Dyer, General Reginald, 44
East India Company army of, 17, 24, 255
as a model, 26
loses monopoly of Chinese trade (1833), 20
Eboué, Félix, 61
economic crisis, global (2008), 183, 205207, 237austerity measures, 207
Eden, Anthony and Europe (1956), 86
resigns over Suez Crisis, 90
Education Act (1944), 199
Egypt Arab Spring in, 209
British coup in (1942), 53
British take control (1882), 26
coup against Muslim Brotherhood (2013), 212
French in, 17, 19
in First World War, 41
invaded by Napoleon (1798), 13, 26
key to Middle East, 72
Wafd party, 43
Einaudi, Jean-Luc, 174
Eisenhower Doctrine, 91
Eisenhower, Dwight D. and Suez Crisis, 88
meets de Gaulle (1959), 99
El Hadj Omar, 19, 26
el-Faisal, Abdullah, 201
Elf-Aquitaine, 103
Elgar, Edward, 37
Elkins, Caroline, 10, 200
Elms, Adrian, 240
empire anguish of losing, 260
‘back here’, 4
beneficent, 168, 199
fantasies of, 5, 6, 13, 234, 255, 260
formal, 3
global financial, 191, 205, 208, 258
improvised, 2, 15
indirect, 2, 34, 46
informal, 3, 18, 258
legitimation of, 3, 15, 35, 256
memory wars, 11
myths of, 2, 7, 15, 95, 181
of trade, 2, 15, 21, 98, 234, 255
protean, 2
resistance to, 15
scramble for, 29
territorial, 2, 15, 255
Empire, 7American, 160, 180, 183, 186, 200
Austro-Hungarian, 43
Byzantine, 159
Chinese, 15, 25
Dutch, 18
German overseas, 3, 25, 39, 43, 50
Japanese, 3, 25, 50
Mughal, 15, 17, 24, 25, 171
Napoleonic, 6
Ottoman, 15, 17, 25, 43, 47breakup of, 41, 213
supported by Germany, 40
threatened in 1830s, 18
Portuguese, 109
Roman, 167, 185, 186
Russian, 25
Sassanid, 159
Spanish, 18
Empire 2.0, 235, 240, 242, 247, 260as ‘fanciful’, 243
Empire Windrush,The, 4, 211
Empire Writes Back, The, 10
En Marche!, 249
Enlightenment, French, 173, 224
Enwazi, Mohammed aka Jihadi John, 214
Ethiopia, 63war with Italians in, 60
Europe Coal and Steel Community (1952), 85
Congress of Europe (1948), 85
European Community Margaret Thatcher on, 151
Single European Act, 150
European Defence Community (1952–4), 85, 145, 149
European Economic Community, 145and ties to Commonwealth, 69, 85, 147
Britain joins (1973), 6, 147
Britain snubs (1957), 96
Britain’s entry feels like a defeat, 6, 148, 234, 260
British membership refused (1963), 147
British membership refused (1968), 147
British referendum on (1975), 148
finalised after Suez, 91
relations with former colonies, 145
resembles Napoleonic Empire, 146
set up, 86
European Union and crisis of 2008, 207
as a scapegoat, 208, 236
borders of, 9
criticised as a ‘superstate’, 231
Delors plans for, 153
enlargement of (2004), 203
fears of German hegemony in, 6, 152, 154, 260
fears that Turkey might join, 204
Lisbon treaty (2007), 205
Maastricht Treaty (1992), 154, 231
Macron’s Napoleonic ambitions, 250
referendum on Constitution (2005), 204, 205
single market, 6
Euroscepticism, 148, 154and Brexit, 231, 260
resilience of, 233
sharpened by Maastricht, 156
Exhibition British Empire (1924–5), 37
French Colonial (1931), 8, 38
Exxon, 119
Fabius, Laurent, 204
Fadoyebo, Isaac, 60
Faidherbe, Louis, 19, 27
Faisal, Prince of Syria and Iraq, 43
Falkland Islands Argentinian forces land (1982), 112
Britain thinks of leaving (1968), 111
British Task force sent to (1982). See War, Falklands
Fanon, Frantz on colonial violence, 93, 173
Frantz Fanon Foundation, 221
Farage, Nigel popularity of, 234
takes over UKIP, 157
‘we speak for Great Britain’ (2013), 232
Farouk, King of Egypt, 53
Fashoda crisis (1898), 13, 27, 52
Fashoda expedition, 40
Fashoda syndrome, 103
Ferguson, Niall, 199
Ferry, Jules, 251and Chinese markets, 28
and French colonialism, 25
homage paid to (2012), 221
on ‘superior races’, 32, 256
Fillon, François, 249
Finkielkraut, Alain, 173, 178
Fisher, Andrew, 39
Fleury Mérogis prison, 224
Foccart, Jacques, 102, 115
Foley, James, 223
Foot, Michael, 113
Forster, E.M., 168
Foucault, Mi
chel, 132
Fougères, 247, 249
Fox, Liam admiration of Cecil Rhodes, 242
as International Trade Secretary, 238
Françafrique, 99, 103, 120, 145mobilised against Iraq war, 188
promoted under the radar, 257
resilience of, 114
system of Jacques Foccart, 103
under Hollande, 221
under Macron, 7, 251
under Mitterrand, 115
France as a great power, 61, 77
as a nuclear power, 99
Declaration of Rights of Man (1789), 66
defeat of 1870, 25, 35, 155
defeat of 1940, 5, 50, 155
Fifth Republic (1958), 93, 99
First Republic (1792–1804), 172
Fourth Republic (1944–58), 77, 99
law on colonial past (2005), 11, 197, 251
roman national of, 199
Second Republic (1848–52), 22, 172
Third Republic (1870–1940), 38, 144, 172
Francophonie, 7, 261Macron on, 251
summit in Burundi (1984), 115
Freeman, rap performer, 177
French Committee of National Liberation, 59
Freud, Sigmund, 13
Frexit, 248
Front National, 5and European elections (1984), 142
and European elections (2014), 233
electoral breakthough of (1983), 141
electoral breakthrough (1995), 176
founded (1972), 134
opposes Maastricht, 156
G8 Genoa meeting of (2001), 189
Gaddafi, Colonel Muammar invades Chad (1982), 115
killed (2011), 210
repression by (2011), 209
Gaitskell, Hugh and Suez Crisis, 89
Gallagher, John, 8, 16, 72
Galliéni, Joseph, 26, 27, 82
Gandhi, Mahatma in South Africa (1893), 31
launches satyagraha movement (1919), 44
launches satyagraha movement (1930), 48
on ‘post-dated cheque’, 57
Gascoyne-Cecil, Robert, Viscount Cranborne, 63
Empires of the Mind Page 44