Empires of the Mind

Home > Other > Empires of the Mind > Page 45
Empires of the Mind Page 45

by Robert Gildea

Geismar, Alain, 131

  Génération Identitaire, 220

  George V, 34, 37

  Germany Bismarckian Reich, 155

  defeat of (1945), 61

  designs on British Empire, 53

  Federal Republic of, 145, 149

  invades France (1940), 50

  postwar revival, 85

  projects Thousand Year Reich, 51

  recreates colonial empire in Europe, 50

  reunification of (1990), 6, 149, 152, 260

  Ghana, 105formed (1957), 74

  ghettos in the metropolis, 5

  Giap, General Võ Nguyên, 82

  Gibbon, Edward, 167

  Gibraltar Britain to stand by (2017), 243

  Gilroy, Paul, 11, 200

  Giraud, General Henri, 59, 60

  Giscard d’Estaing, Valéry hosts G7 (1975), 118

  on Maastricht, 155

  Glinga, Werner, 138

  Gold Coast, 69becomes Ghana (1957), 74

  colonised by British, 27

  Convention People’s Party, 73

  riots (1948), 73

  United Gold Coast Convention, 73

  Goldie, George, 27

  Goldmann, Nahum, 72

  Goldsmith, James, 156

  Gordimer, Nadine, 106

  Gordon Walker, Patrick, 126

  Goude, Jean-Paul, 117

  Goutte d’Or district of Paris, 130, 176pro-Palestinian demonstration in (1971), 132

  Gove, Michael on British history, 219

  Gracey, General Douglas, 66

  Grand Remplacement, Le, 220

  ‘Greater Britain’, 31, 71, 157, 244reinvented as the Anglosphere, 234

  Greece, 249protests in (2008), 207

  Gregory, Derek, 11

  Griffiths, Peter, 126

  Griotteray, Alain, 142

  Guantánamo Bay, 186, 187, 194, 206

  Guèye, Lamine citizenship law of 1946, 78

  Guillaume, Augustin, 81

  Guinea, 226

  Guinea, French, 34rejects French Community (1958), 102

  gunboats, 2, 6, 20, 230, 234, 255

  Guyana, French, 64

  Habré, Hissène, 115

  Hached, Farhat murdered (1952), 81

  Hadfi, Bilal, 228

  Hadj, Messali founds Étoile Nord Africaine (1926), 46

  leader of Algerian Popular Party (PPA), 64

  leads Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Freedom (1946), 80

  writes to US president (1945), 64

  Haines, David, 223

  Haiphong bombarded by French (1946), 79

  Haiti, 63crisis of 2004, 194

  Republic of, 17

  Halifax, Canada, 23

  Hall, Catherine, 9, 12

  Hall, Stuart on beleagured Englishness, 217

  on British racism, 179

  on colonial mentalities in Britain, 123

  on teaching of British history, 219

  Hammache, Sid-Ahmed, 202

  Hammersskjöld, Dag and Suez Crisis, 89

  Hamon, Benoît, 249

  Hamza, Abu, 163, 195extradition of, 216

  Handsworth, 124, 135racial murder in (1969), 128

  riots of 1981, 138

  riots of 2011, 215

  Hanslope Park, 95

  Hardt, Michael, 190, 204

  harkis and jihadism, 214

  in French internment camps, 129

  massacre of, 102

  Harvard University, 1, 32

  Hasni, Cheb, 177

  Healey, Dennis and Suez Crisis, 89, 91

  Heath, Edward and Britain’s membership of Europe (1961), 146

  loses leadership of Conservative Party (1975), 137

  negotiates British membership of EEC (1973), 147

  Henning, Alan, 223

  Henry VIII, 219

  Herriot, Édouard opposes colonial reform (1946), 78

  opposes European Defence Community, 86

  Herzog, General Barry, 45

  Hewitt, Rev. Guy, 246

  Hezbollah attack on Beirut (1983), 159

  hierarchies, colonial, 5, 78, 123, 125, 135, 136, 259

  Hiroshima, 66

  histories of homogeneous white nations, 5

  histories, globalized, 220

  history African according to Trevor-Roper, 8

  colonial, 9, 10, 197, 199, 219

  global, 9

  postcolonial, 9, 10

  Hitler, Adolf, 90, 113, 152, 165, 219, 231

  Ho Chi Minh, 256, 257broken deal with French (1946), 78

  founds Indochinese Communist Party (1929), 49

  works for Comintern (1923), 44

  Hoffmann, Stanley, 185

  Hollande, François declares state of emergency (2015), 228

  elected French president (2012), 221

  launches air strikes on Syria (2014), 224

  Holt, Harold, 70

  Home Rule League, Indian, 41

  Honeyford, Ray, 139, 164

  Hong Kong, 20as a model for post-Brexit Britain, 234

  Hopkins, A.G., 16, 99

  Hopkins, Katie, 230, 241

  Howard, Michael, 243

  Howe, Geoffrey opposes Thatcher on Europe, 152

  resignation speech (1990), 153

  Hoyland, John, 131

  Huddleston, Trevor, 76, 128

  Hugo, Victor, 155

  Hull, 233

  Huntington, Samuel, 160

  Hussein, Saddam fall of (2003), 12, 193

  invades Kuwait (1990), 161

  plays Islamic card (1990), 161

  regime change and, 183, 187

  Hussein, Sharif of Mecca, 41, 43

  identity British, 5, 6, 165, 166, 167, 168, 199, 202, 208, 212, 218, 233, 237

  English, 126, 217, 233

  French, 6, 142, 172, 177, 197, 208

  French national, 130

  Muslim, 164, 169, 171, 178, 180

  of black immigrants, 137

  of immigrants, 259

  Ignatieff, Michael on American Empire, 185

  immigration and integration, 164, 167, 202, 226

  as scapegoat for national ills, 176

  attempts to restrict, 127, 133, 136, 142, 167, 176, 216, 238, 259

  bearing colonial past, 11

  felt as ‘swamping’, 76, 126, 133, 137, 142, 220, 259

  first generation of, 135

  from Algeria, 130

  from colonies after Second World War, 5, 258

  from Europe after Second World War, 129

  from French North Africa, 129, 174

  generation born 1970, 169

  ‘hostile environment’ for, 217, 246

  ‘illegal’, 216

  in ghetto areas, 124, 129, 130, 135, 227

  restrictions on, 124

  second generation of, 135

  imperialism age of is finished, 57, 68

  Americans copy British, 185

  defended after 1945, 63

  free trade, 3

  global financial, 4, 117120

  ‘New’, 9

  reinvented after 9/11, 185

  India and First World War, 41

  as global power, 6

  British Raj in, 24

  Cabinet mission (1942), 56

  Cabinet mission (1946), 71

  civil disobedience in, 48

  demands for self-government (1916–17), 41

  demands for self-government (1928), 48

  Government of India Act (1935), 48

  independence of (1947), 68, 72

  migrant workers laid off (2008), 206

  migration from, 124

  Montagu-Chelmsford reforms (1919), 43

  Mutiny of 1857, 9, 24

  North-West frontier, 34, 159

  nostalgia for the Raj, 235

  Partition of (1947), 4, 71

  Quit India campaign (1942), 57

  threatened by Japan (1942), 56

  total disobedience to British rule (1942), 58

  Indigènes de la République, Les, 251, 259founded (2008), 12, 198
>
  Indigènes de la République, Parti des, 221

  Indochina anti-French resistance in, 49

  federation project (1946), 78

  French in, 32

  French loss of (1954), 68, 82

  promise of Indochinese federation (1945), 66

  Indonesia, 118

  Inglorious Empire, 242

  ‘Inquisition, Liberal’, 166

  Inquisition, Spanish, 165

  International Monetary Fund, 4, 118119, 121Labour government seeks loan from (1976), 118

  neoliberal agenda of, 207

  Iran Islamic Republic in, 4, 158, 258

  Iraq, 41and Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD), 187

  as British mandate, 3, 192

  bombing of (1920), 47, 192, 256

  bombing of (2003), 192

  buildup to war in (2002–3), 189

  Islamist resistance in, 194

  military occupation of, 193, 201

  nationalist coup in (1941), 52

  ‘Palestinisation’ of, 193

  US air strikes against ISIS in (2014), 223

  Ireland Act of Union (1801), 18

  Easter rising (1916), 40

  famine, 23

  Government of Ireland Act (1921), 109

  largest minority in Britain from, 123

  rebellion of 1798, 18

  Islam global, 160

  political, 121

  turn to, 169, 170, 178, 180, 200, 214

  Islamic Armed Movement (MIA), 163

  Islamic Salvation Front (FIS), 163, 177, 213

  Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), 4, 211, 258beheading of hostages (2014), 223

  proclaims Caliphate (2014), 223

  Islamism and terrorism, 213, 214

  global, 158, 164, 175, 178, 180, 258

  radicalisation into, 178

  Islamophobia, 158, 164, 169, 208

  Israel and Suez Crisis, 86, 89

  armed by France, 88

  as a new colonial power, 257

  builds Iron Wall (2002), 184

  invades Lebanon (1982), 159

  occupation of Arab lands, 73

  settler colonialism of, 73, 131

  state proclaimed (1948), 73

  Italy Allied forces land in (1943), 60

  at core of EEC, 145

  defeated in Africa, 60

  Ivory Coast, 34

  Ivory, James, 7

  Jallianwala Bagh massacre (1919). See Amritsar massacre (1919)

  Jamaica British (1655), 16

  migration from, 211

  plantation economy in, 16

  Jameson, Leander Starr, 30

  Japan Allied offensive against (1943–5), 60

  and defeat of British Empire (1942), 55

  and First World War, 42

  bombs Australia (1942), 55

  capitulates (1945), 66, 78

  defeat of British Empire, 39

  defeat of French Empire, 39

  defeats China (1895), 29

  Great East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere of, 56

  humiliated at Paris Peace Conference (1919), 44

  invades China (1937), 49

  Meiji restoration in (1867), 29

  modernisation of, 29

  seizes Manchuria (1931), 49

  Jarrah, Ziad, 182

  Jerusalem occupied by British (1917), 41

  Jews and citizenship, 32

  Jhabvala, Ruth Prawer, 7

  Jinnah, Muhammed Ali, 48

  John, Augustine, 135

  John, Jihadi. See Enwazi, Mohammed

  Johnson, Boris as Foreign Secretary, 238

  cites Kipling in Myanmar, 243

  on empire, 1, 234

  on Europe, 156

  Johnson, Chalmers, 193

  Johnson, Linton Kwesi, 137, 247

  Jones, Claudia, 124

  Jones, Colonel H., 242

  Jones, General Rupert, 242

  Jonnart, Charles, 43

  Jospin, Lionel, 172, 175, 204and memory of Algerian War, 175

  government of (1997–2002), 178

  Jouhaud, General Edmond, 100

  Juin, General Alphonse, 81, 83

  Julien, Charles-André, 8

  June Days (1848), 22

  Kabul Soviets withdraw from (1989), 159

  Karembeu, Christian, 178

  Karzai, Mohammed, 185

  Kashmir migration from, 139, 164

  Kaunda, Kenneth, 94

  Kelkal, Khaled, 177

  Kenya British atrocities in, 3, 10, 94, 200

  British colonisation of, 27

  colonial gulag in, 74

  colony in 1920, 45

  ‘the colony without income tax’, 45

  flight of Asians from (1967–8), 124, 125, 127

  Hola camp massacre (1959), 93

  settlers in, 74

  ‘white highlands’, 74

  Kenyatta, Jomo, 95fights for Kenyan independence, 74

  Kepel, Gilles, 171, 196

  Keynes, John Maynard, 69

  Khaled, Cheb, 177

  Khaled, Emir of Algeria, 43

  Khalifat movement, 41, 48

  Khan, Mohammed Sidique, 200

  Khomeini, Ayatollah, 158fatwa against Salman Rushdie, 165

  Kimberley, 27

  King, Cecil, 108

  Kipling, Lockwood, 24

  Kipling, Rudyard, 24, 32, 144, 243‘the England of Kipling is dead’ (1962), 146

  ‘the old Kipling idea of Empire is dead’, 57

  ‘white man’s burden’, 256

  Kitchener, Lord Herbert, 27, 113

  Kohl, Helmut, 152meets François Mitterrand, 149

  Korea Japanese protectorate, 29

  Kouachi, Chérif, 196, 224

  Kouachi, Saïd, 224

  Kruger, Paul, 30

  Kureishi, Hanif, 169

  Kuwait, 117hub of oil trade, 161

  invaded by Iraq (1990), 161

  Iraquis driven out (1990), 162

  La République en Marche, 249

  Lahouaiej-Bouhlel, Mohamed, 229

  laïcité and Charlie Hebdo affair, 225

  and colonialism, 172, 173, 259

  and French citizenship, 5

  and Jewish community, 172

  and Muslims, 222

  and republicanism, 171, 172, 178, 197

  benevolent, 172

  Charter of (2013), 221

  commission on (2003), 197

  divisiveness of, 226

  of combat, 172, 173, 259

  Lallaoui, Mehdi, 174

  Lamberton, Jean-Marie, 103

  Lammy, David, 246

  Laos, 66, 98

  Larzac plateau, 116, 140, 190

  Latin America land question in, 119

  Lawrence, Doreen, 211

  Lawrence, Stephen, 211murder of (1993), 179

  Le Dantec, Jean-Pierre and Maoism, 130

  Le Pen, Jean-Marie and 1995 presidential election, 176

  founds Front National (1972), 134

  opposes Algerian independence (1959), 100

  popularity breakthrough (1984), 141

  Le Pen, Marine and The Camp of Saints, 220

  ‘Brexit, and now France!’, 247

  defeated in 2017 presidential elections, 249

  on French ‘honour and glory’ (2013), 232

  on history of France, 222

  Le Penism, 177

  League of Nations, 44, 47, 50, 184, 256and equality of nations, 3

  mandates become trusteeships, 63

  Leahy, Admiral William, 58

  Leamington immigration in, 124

  Lean, David, 168

  Lebanon, 73French divide and rule policy, 47

  independence (1941), 53

  Leclerc, Philippe, 93asks for white troops (1943), 62

  in Indochina (1945–6), 66, 78

  lands in Normandy (1944), 61

  takes French Equatorial Africa (1940), 52

  Lefebvre, Barbara, 251, 261

  Lehman Brothers bankruptcy (2008), 205

  Leni
n, Vladimir, 44

  Lennox-Boyd, Alan, 76, 94

  Leopold II of Belgium, 26

  Les Minguettes, 140

  Lesseps, Ferdinand de, 19

  Lévy, Bernard-Henri in Libya, 210

  Lewis, Bernard, 160

  Liberia, 63

  Libya, 98Arab Spring in, 209

  British intervention in (2011), 241

  civil war, 212, 241

  nursery of jihadism, 240

  Lieux de Mémoire, Les, 8

  Lilley, Peter, 168

  Lindsay, Martin, 125

  Liverpool colonial economy of, 16

  second-generation immigrants in, 135

  Lloyd George, David, 43

  Lloyd, Selwyn, 86, 97

  London attacks of 7/7 2005, 200, 258

  attacks of 2017, 240, 258

  City of, 206

  Olympics (2012), 211

  riots of 2011, 215

  Stock Market crash (2008), 205

  Louverture, Toussaint, 16, 194

  Lucas, Caroline, 230

  Lugard, Frederick, 34

  Lyautey, Hubert, 34, 46, 82, 251

  Lyon immigrant suburbs of, 136

  MacArthur, General Douglas, 55

  Macartney, Lord George, 20

  Mackinnon, William, 27

  Macleod, Iain and destruction of colonial archives, 95

  and transfer of power in Africa, 95

  Macmillan, Harold and Britain’s bid to join Europe (1961–3), 145

  avoids ‘Algerian’ situation in Rhodesia, 107

  plan for Europe (1956), 86

  ‘wind of change’ speech (1960), 144

  Macron, Emmanuel addresses American Congress (2018),

  and Françafrique, 251

  and French leadership of Europe, 249

  and reform of European Union, 249

  and soft power, 252

  becomes French president (2017), 249

  imitates De Gaulle, 250

  Napoleonic ambitions of, 250

 

‹ Prev