The Brothers Robidoux and the Opening of the American West
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Kansas City, Missouri, 184
Kearny, Stephen Watts, 168–73, 176, 205–6
Keedy, Dr. Daniel, 139, 141
Kelly, William, 192
Kemper, Simeon, 139, 143
Kennerly, James, sutler and diarist, 64–65, 69, 74, 77–78, 80
Kern, Edward, 174, 206–7
King, Henry, 174
King, Rufus, 23
Kipp, James, 86, 91
Kurz, Rudolph Friederich, 49, 144, 185, 188, 196, 202
L'Oiseau Noir: black bird, 37; fort location, 38
L'Overture, Touissant, 18
Laclède, Pierre de Liguest, 1–2
Laffite, Jean, 41–43
Lafleur, Louis, 117
Lamanche, Antoine, 70
Lamar, Mirabeau, 154
Lamont, Daniel, 86, 91
Leading trappers, 87, 97, 100–101; New Mexico business, 122; working in Missouri, 140
Leavenworth, Henry, 50, 59, 65
LeBerge, Charles, 43
Leclerc, Francois, 43, 57, 111
Leclerc, Victor, 18–19
Lee, Stephen, 121
Lemos, Gayoso de, 13, 15, 17
Lewis, Meriwether, 23–30
Lewis, Ruben, 30
Leyba, Fernando de, 3
Liberty, Missouri, 97, 107, 112, 114
Liguest, Pierre de Laclède. See Laclède
Linn, Lewis, 133
Lisa, Manuel, 16–17, 29–30, 36, 39; revives fur company, 46–48; competing with Robidoux, 49, 51; death of, 53
Livingston, Robert, 18–19
Loan, Benjamin, 170–72
Loise, Eduard, 117
Loring, William, 192
Los Angeles, California, 67, 153, 163, 175–76, 198
Lovejoy, Asa, 161
Luttig, John, 35
M. & F. Robidoux Store, 181, 185
MacDonald, Duncan, 195
Mackay, James, 11–12
Magoffin, James, 170
Magoffin, Samuel, 170
Magoffin, Susan Shelby, 170
Mahas Indians. See Omaha Indians
Mandan Indians, trade with, 11–12, 25, 30, 77, 91, 119
Marshall, James, 178
Martinez, Severino, 79
Maxent, Gilbert, 1–2
Maxmillian, Prince of Wied, visit to Blacksnake Hills, 112, 118
McDonald, Dr. Silas, 139, 141
McKenney, Thomas L., 90
McKnight, John, 56, 58
McKnight, Robert, 35
McLeod, Hugh, 154
McNair, Alexander, 70
Meek, Joe, 145–47, 187
Michilimackinac Company, 31
Missouri Company (The Company of Explorers of the Upper Missouri): formation, 10; becomes Clamorgan, Loisel and Company, 12, 14–15
Missouri Fur Company: founded 1809, 30; trade on the Missouri River, 35, 47, 50, 53–55, 58; attacks by Blackfeet, 59; company decline, 71, 74, 96
Missouri Indians: trade with, 8, 21, 26–27, 47, 51, 107, 135; government annuities, 102; Platte Purchase, 134
Mitchell, D. D., 194
Mitchell, Palin, 102, 104
Moellhausen, Heinrich, 197
Monroe, James, 18–19
Monterey, California, 153, 174, 188
Mormons, 183, 199
Mount Olivet Cemetery, 202
Mount Robidoux, 201, 210
Narbona, Antonio, governor of New Mexico, 78, 80–82
Navajo Indians, 68, 160
Nemaha Agency, 184–86, 194
Newell, Robert, 147
Nez Perces Indians, 145
Nolan, Gervais, 120
Norteamericanos, 72; with Mexican women, 73
North West Company, 12, 46
O'Fallon, Benjamin, 50, 53, 58–60; contact with Mexico, 61; Indian trade license, 71, 75
Old Spanish Trail, 67, 130–31, 154, 158
Omaha (Mahas) Indians: trade with, 8, 15, 17, 27, 29, 47, 51, 54, 89, 93; government annuities, 102; trade at Blacksnake Hills, 104–5, 110–11, 135
Oregon Trail, 156, 178, 183
Ortiz, Juan Felipe, 123–24
Osage Indians, 8
Otoe Indians: trade with, 8, 11–12, 21, 26–28, 47, 51, 54, 59, 89, 93; value of trading post, 95; government annuities, 102
Paiute Indians, trade with, 126, 130
Panis Indians. See Pawnee Indians
Papago Indians, hostile, 83–86
Papin, Alexander, 37, 42, 47, 58, 92, 96, 107
Parkman, Francis, 182–83
Pattie, James Ohio, 82–84; attacked by Papagos, 85–86
Pattie, Sylvester, 82
Pawnee Indians, trade with, 8, 27, 29, 47, 49, 90–91, 93, 106, 110–11, 135, 182
Perez, Albino, 148
Peyroux, Henri, 24
Phelps, J. S., 205
Philibert, Joseph, 39
Piankeshaw Indians, 47
Piggot, Levi, 100–101
Pike, Zebulon, 25–26
Pilcher, Joshua, 46, 53, 58–59, 77, 91, 135
Platte Purchase, 134, 139
Platte River Road, 166, 182, 188, 191, 197
Pobladores, 162
Ponca Indians, trade with, 8, 12, 15, 17, 54
Poulite, house servant, 108
Pratte, Bernard, 43, 47, 54, 74, 96
Pratte, Chouteau & Company, 114, 119
Pratte, Sylvestre, 43, 71, 74, 79; leading trappers to New Mexico, 81–82, 84; died, 86, 121
Pringle, Benjamin, 206
Provost & Le Clerc Company, 69
Provost, Etienne, 57, 66; Green River area, 67, 69, 72, 76, 89
Pryor, Nathaniel, 30
Quesnel, Pedro, 8
Rancho Jurupa, 163, 200–201, 210
Rancho Robidoux, 163, 201
Rancho San Jacinto, 163, 210
Rancho San Timoteo, 163, 200, 210
Rapid des Moin, 31, 33
Reed, William, Uintah post, 127–28
Rich, Hiram, 112
Ridenbaugh, William, 180–84, 188, 194
Riverside, California, 163, 201, 210
Robertson, John (Uncle Jack), 147
Robidoux, Angelique Vaudry: marriage to Joseph III and children, 34; mentioned, 35, 61, 101, 107, 111, 181, 202; death, 210
Robidoux, Antoine, 3, 28, 32; in War of 1812, 35, 39, 48, 56, 58; into New Mexico, 65–69, 72, 76–78, 80; intermountain region, 87, 97; visits Joseph, 107; Mexican citizen, 120–24; office holder, 123; establishes Uncompahgre post, 125; Westwater inscription, 126–28; Uintah region trade, 129–32, 145–48, 158, 159; influence on Bidwell, 152–53; trapped in snow, 153–54; loss of posts, 165–66; with Kearny, 168–72; wounded, 173–74; later travels, 189; claim for war service, 204–8; death, 208
Robidoux, Catherine Rolet dit Laderoute, 3, 13, 32, 34
Robidoux, Charles, 143, 195–96
Robidoux, Eugenie Delisle, 29–31, 110
Robidoux, Eulalie, 3, 32
Robidoux, Felix, 202
Robidoux, Francois, 3, 27–32, 35, 37–39, 41, 43; named in freedom case, 45, 47; St. Louis business, 52–53; into the southwest, 69–72, 76–78, 80–81; caching goods, 79; at Scott's Bluff, 182, 194; death, 202
Robidoux, Isadore. See Robidoux, Pierre Isadore
Robidoux, Joseph E.: son of Joseph III, 29; trader, 65, 96–97, 107, 110, 114, 116–18, 135; Platte Purchase signer, 134; at Scott's Bluff, 182–83, 194; embarrassment, 196
Robidoux, Joseph II: arrival in St. Louis, 2; family rumors, 3; marriage, 3; birth of children, 3; place in St. Louis, 7–9; engaged with Missouri Company, 10–16; seeking new trade license, 17; debt, 18; health, 20; British trade, 23, 26; death, 32; estate, 33
Robidoux, Joseph III: deposition, 8, 20; family leader, 20, 21, 23, 25; granted licenses, 26, 27; marriage, 29, 31–32; country wives, 35; trade on the Missouri, 36–41; trade with Laffite, 42–43; Jeffrie freedom case, 44–45; trade around Council Bluffs, 46–51, 54–55, 58, 60–61; looking to the southwest, 56–57, 62–63; expedition to New Mexico, 65, 70; dispute with Cabanné, 71�
��75, 77, 80, 88–94; return to St. Louis, 96–97, 100–101; view of Blacksnake Hills, 102–7; permanent post, 108–11; correspondence with Chouteau, 114; Dorwin issue, 115; Indian trader, 119, 133, 135, 138, 140–41; failed land claim, 136; founding St. Joseph, 143–44, 179, 183; death of Charles, 195–96; later life, 203; death, 210
Robidoux, Joseph, grandfather of the brothers, 2
Robidoux, Jules, 97, 107, 113, 141, 143, 181, 195, 210
Robidoux, Louis, 3, 32, 56, 58; into the southwest, 70, 76, 78; language skills, 81, 87, 97; Mexican citizen, 120, 122; drinking problem, 123; Indian trade, 125, 129, 148, 154; Santa Fe official, 149–51; dwindling prospects in Santa Fe, 162; moving to California, 163–64; during Mexican War, 174–76; later life, 198–99, 200, 209–10; death, 210
Robidoux, Maria Pelagie, 3, 32, 97
Robidoux, Michel, 3, 32, 35; into the southwest, 70, 76, 78; marriage, 77; travels, 79, 81; license on Missouri, 80; head of trapping brigade, 82–84; escapes death, 86, 88; expedition for Fontenelle and Drips, 96–101; working in Missouri, 140; at Scott's Bluff, 182, 194; death, 202
Robidoux, nephew Antoine, 183, 189, 192, 194
Robidoux, Pierre Isadore, 3, 27–28; in War of 1812, 35, 39; into the southwest, 70; in Franklin, 96; mentioned, 97, 108–9; New Mexico business, 122, 132; at Scott's Bluff, 182, 194; death, 202
Robidoux, Sellico, 183, 194
Robidoux, Susanne Vaudry, 77, 202
Robidoux, Therese Bienvenu Delisle, 30
Robidoux's Landing, 139, 141–42, 144
Robidoux's Pass, 193
Robinson, Jack, 145
Rocky Mountain Fur Company, 96, 98, 101, 126
Roland, John, 72, 82
Romero, Lisa, 76, 82
Rowland, John, 120–21, 175
Roy, Baptiste, Indian trade, 56, 116–18, 135; trade partner with Robidoux, 89, 91, 93–94, 96, 110, 114, 138; whiskey issue, 111, 113
Rutland, John, 115
Sac Indians: trade with, 54, 107, 116–18, 133, 137–38, 140, 186; government annuities, 102; Platte Purchase, 134
Sacagawea, 25, 98
Sage, Rufus, 67, 128, 158–61
Salcedo, Manuel de, 24
Samuels, Warren, 136–37
San Bernardino, California, 163, 198–99, 209
San Jacinto Indians, 199
San Pasqual, Battle of, 172–73, 205, 208
Sanguinet, Charles (Carlos), 8, 11, 16–17, 32
Santa Fe Trail, 69, 132
Santa Fe, New Mexico, 56–81, 122–32, 145–65
Sarpy, Gregorio, 16, 17
Sarpy, John B., 109
Sarpy, Peter L'Abadie, 100–101, 106, 111, 135
Scott's Bluff, 182–83, 187, 191, 193–94, 197–98, 202
Searls, Niles, 193
Sioux Indians, trade with, 30, 47, 71, 91, 97, 107, 111, 135, 182, 187, 189
Slater, S. C., 187
Sloat, John, 175
Smith, Frederick W., 139, 143
Smith, Jedediah Strong, 55, 75, 126
Smith, Sublette & Jackson, 98
Smith, Thomas “Peg–leg,” 72
Snake Indians, trade with, 126, 145, 147, 156, 160
Sparta, Missouri, 139, 141, 144, 179
St. Joseph, Missouri, 20, 95, 110, 178; early descriptions, 180; major jumping-off point, 180; queen city, 180–200
St. Louis, Missouri: founding, 2; arrival of Robidoux family, 2, 3; seat of Spanish government, 3; culture, 5; as trade center, 6–63 passim, 88–120 passim; “capital of Missouri,” 120
St. Vrain, Ceran, 72, 81, 121, 129
Stevens, J. H., 98–99
Stewart, Robert, 183, 204, 210
Stockton, Robert, 175–76
Stoddard, Amos, 24
Stone, Bostwick & Company, 86
Storrs, Augustus, 78
Sublette, Joe, 161
Sublette, Milton, 126
Sublette, Solomon, 162
Sublette, William, 89, 125–26, 161–62, 165
Sublette & Campbell, 112, 119
Sutter, Auguste, 178
Talleyrand, Maurice, 19
Taos Lightning, 66
Taos, New Mexico, 56–82, 122–32, 145–65
Texas Republic, 154, 177
Thompson, M. Jeff, 204
Thompson, P. W., 132
Todd, Andrew, 14
Toulous, Senora, 151–52
Treaty of Prairie du Chien, 107
Treaty of San Ildefonso, 16
Treaty of San Lorenzo, 18
Trudeau, Zenon, 9, 15
Truteau, Jean Baptiste, 11, 14
Upper Missouri Outfit, 91
Utah Indians, 160
Ute Indians, trade with, 63, 68, 87, 125–26, 130, 156, 162; become hostile, 163–65
Valois, Francois, 32, 111
Vandenberg, William, 77
Vasquez, Louis, 47
Vigil, Juan Bautista, 79
W. J. Samuels & Company, 96
Waldo, David, 124
Waldo, L. L., 132
Waldo, Loren, 205
Ward, Andrew, 43
Wash, Robert, 41, 44
Washington Township, 136, 139–40, 142
White Cloud, Ioway Indian chief, 21, 134, 186
Whitman, Marcus, 156, 161
Wilcocks, Santiago Smith, 78
Wilkinson, James, 26–28
Williams, Ezekiel, 39
Williams, Joseph, 156–57, 165
Williams, William Sherley (Old Bill), 82
Wilson, Benjamin, 163, 175
Wooten, Dick, 131
Work, John, 97–98
Wurttemberg, Paul Wilhelm Duke of, visit to the West, 58–60, 197–98
Young, Ewing, 82, 86