Higher Calling
Page 28
Madone and 129
natural talent 70
Nice, life in 68–9
pain management 71–2, 73–6, 77–8, 81
physique and appearance 68, 70
preparation for climbs 73–4, 163–5
Strava and 129, 282
Team Sky rider 65, 66, 70–1
Tirreno-Adriatico 159–60, 164
Tour de Suisse (2015) 66, 73–6
Tour of California (2012) 65–6, 164
Tour of Utah (2015) 78–9, 163
VO2 max 70
Vuelta al Pais Vasco 160
Vuelta España (2015) 162–6, 176, 178, 179, 180, 236n
weight and climbing, on 118
World Tour, joins 65, 66, 70, 159–61
domestique 72–3, 101, 116, 179, 275, 301
Donne, John 225
doping:
altitude training and 231, 233, 237
Armstrong and 90, 127, 237
deaths related to 292
Dr Ferrari and 127, 237
drug testing 78–9, 90
EPO 233
Festina affair 108
Gaul and 109
GDR programmne of 234n
initiation into as passage into professional life 116n, 301
narrowing gaps in performance and 173
testosterone 78–9
Virenque and 108
drafting on climbs 77–8
Dumoulin, Tom 165, 275
Dunwich Dynamo 42n
Eisel, Bernie 70
‘El Cap day’, El Capitan rock face, Yosemite National Park 134–5
El Pais 108
El Teide, Tenerife 217–21, 219n, 221, 233, 235, 236–8, 239–44, 275
electric bikes 64
Elissonde, Kenny 132–3
Ellington, Duke 123
Emanuele II, King of Italy, Vittorio 187, 191, 251n
emptiness of achievement 155
EPO 233
Éric (road-clearing crew member) 14, 15, 21
Étape du Tour 64, 156, 167
Evans, Cadel 6, 77, 152–3
Everest, Mount 135
altitude and weight on 236
emptiness of achievement and 155
first scaled without oxygen 7
George Mallory and 1, 134, 231
George Mallory II and 1, 134, 135, 137, 153, 155
Professor Hugh Montgomery and 231
Tibetan name for (Chomolungma ‘Goddess Mother of the Land’) 221–2
Everesting:
debates over what constitutes 157
effects of 144–5, 156
Firle Beacon author attempt 2, 5, 119, 138–45, 141, 143
first known, Mount Donna Buang, Australia (1994) 1, 2, 134–8
George Mallory II and 1, 2, 5, 134–8, 145–6
Hells500 and 138
invention of concept 1, 2, 5, 134–8
Strava and growth of 134, 138, 139, 142
Evian 204
Faber, François ‘Giant of Colombes’ 49–50, 59
Fabron, Jean-Marie-André 13, 15, 16, 17, 21, 24, 25–6, 29, 37–8, 37, 58, 269, 279
Felline, Fabio 170n
Ferdinand, Archduke Franz 9
Ferrari, Dr Michele 127, 147, 237
Festina 108
Festina affair (1988) 108
Fignon, Laurent: We were Young and Carefree 123–4
Finestre, Colle delle, Alps 169, 174
Firle Beacon, Sussex 2, 138–44, 141, 143
First World War (1939–45) 192n, 204, 205, 206, 210
Flèche-Wallonne 166
Foliforov, Alexander 285
Font Romeu, France 233–6, 235
Fort du Télégraphe, France 206
fortifications, French-Italian border 204–13, 208, 209, 214
Fotheringham, Alasdair 108n, 111
France:
Franco-Prussian War (1870) 48, 192–3, 202
Giro d’Italia (2016) decision to hold stages in 21–6
history of Alps and 186–213
Maginot Line 206–11, 208, 209
military bunkers in Alps 9, 60, 124, 206–13, 208, 209, 214, 246, 280, 285, 297
Napoleon and 9, 182, 188, 190–1, 193
Napoleon III and 187, 191–2, 202, 252n
Napoleonic Wars and 191, 192n
National Altitude Training Centre (CNEA), Font Romeu 233–4, 235, 237
national road racing championships 103
road network, birth of national 50–1, 59
routes stratégiques, les Diables Bleus (Blue Devils) build 193–203, 194, 195, 202, 203
Second World War and 186, 210–11, 212–13, 215–16
southern areas under rule of House of Savoy 186–7, 191–2, 252n
Third Republic 192, 206
Franco-Prussian War (1870) 48, 192–3, 202
French National Sport Museum, Nice 88–9, 89
Freud, Sigmund 63, 86–7
Friedrich, Caspar David: Wanderer above the Sea of Fog 223, 226, 227–8
Froome, Chris 7, 68
altitude training 220
Madone and 128, 129
Strava and 133n
tactics and control 76
Tirreno-Adriatico 159
Tour de France (2016) 173
Vuelta España (2015) and 166, 177, 178, 179, 180
Gainey, Mark 130, 131
Galibier, Col du, Alps 7, 15, 206
author climbs 84–5, 87
early cyclotouristes on 51
introduction into the Tour de France 59, 84, 205
legendary climb 84
regular appearances in the Tour de France 170
routes stratégiques construction and existence of 193–4
Tour de France (1911) 59, 84, 205
Tour de France (1948) 214
Tour de France (1998) 76
Tour de France (2011) 77, 152–3
tunnel built 193–4, 193–4n
Gallina, Collada de la, Andorra 165
Gangkhar Puensum, Bhutan 222
Garderen, Tejay van 66, 68
Garin, Maurice 46
Garrigou, Gustave 58, 200
Gasherbrum I and II, Himalayas 7–8
Gaul, Charly ‘The Angel of the Mountains’ 87, 109–10n, 112, 274
background 109n
Bahamontes on 109, 109n
Tour de France (1958) 90, 109n
Gavia, Passo di, Alps 15, 23, 65, 79–80
general classification (GC):
Bahamontes and 114
Dombrowski and 73, 74, 78–9, 163, 164, 165–6, 296
Giro d’Italia (2016) 275, 277, 283, 284, 286, 292, 296
Tour de France (1959) 114
Tour de France (2011) 77
Tour de France (2016) 173
Tour de Suisse (2015) 73
Tour of Utah (2015) 78–9
Vuelta España (2015) and 163, 165–6, 180
genetics, cycling and 70, 172, 232, 238, 240, 241
Georget, Émile 92
Germany 48, 191, 192–3, 194, 204, 207, 210, 211, 213, 234
Gesink, Robert 65–6
Giant-Alpecin 165, 275
Giau, Passo, Dolomites 154, 154
Giffard, Pierre 46
Giro d’Italia 4, 38, 108, 129, 148–9, 161, 184
Bahamontes and 108
Bartali and 184
Colle delle Finestre and 169, 174
Gaul and 109n
maglia rosa (leader’s pink jersey) 21–2, 23, 172, 273, 274, 285, 287, 301
Monte Zoncolan and 148–9, 168–9, 170, 174
mountain stages 166–72, 173–5
Passo dello Stelvio and 15, 18, 23, 168, 169, 192n, 205, 229
race route/mountain stage creation 166–75
Rominger and 128
Tour de France and 169–70
weather and 22–4, 58, 161, 279–80
(1956) 109n
(1959) 109n
(1988) 23
(2002) 83n
(2003) 169
(2012) 145
Giro Donne 169
Girobio (‘Baby Giro’) 65, 79–81, 164
Goddet, Jacques 98, 182, 186
Gotthardpass, Switzerland 229
Gran Fondo 64
Grand Tour 10, 11, 237
aesthetic nature of 230
first, experience of 161–6, 179, 276, 288
hardest ever stage 159, 161–6
highest point ridden in 20
how the peloton plays a stage of 166–7
mountains, importance of 64, 89–90
narrowing of gap in talent between top riders 173
regional history of 183
grimpeurs (climbers) 6
France’s first superstar 95–6
‘meilleur grimpeur’ best climber 93
reserves of power 160
see also climbers/grimpeurs
Guerra Bianca (‘White War’) (part of First World War) 192, 210
Gueydon, Pierre 104
Haas, Nathan 116–17
Habeler, Peter 7
Hameau du Pra, Alps ix
Hamilton, Tyler 83, 83n
Hampsten, Andy 23, 79
Hannibal 9, 188–90, 205, 210
Haussmann, Baron 191
Hautes Alpes 193
Hayman, Mathew 70–1
Hells500 138, 139
Henao, Sergio 159
Herzog, Maurice 233–4
Herzog, Werner 8
Huez, Alpe d’, Alps 89, 149, 149–50n, 156, 170
Hilton, Tim: One More Kilometre and We’re in the Showers 84
Himalayas 7, 134, 135, 137, 153, 155, 218, 241
Horner, Chris 66
Horvath, Michael 130, 131, 132, 133n
Howes, Alex 79
Hoyte, John 188–9
Hugo, Victor 225
Hutchinson, Michael: Faster 237
Il Lombardia 166
Indurain, Miguel 76
Instagram 228, 230, 241
Institute for Sport, Exercise and Health, U.K. 231
Isola 2000, Alps ix, 21, 69, 123, 240, 273, 283
Italian Communist Party 214
Italy:
Alpini (specialist troops) 195
cycling climbs in see under individual place or climb name
First World War and 192n, 204, 205, 210
Giro d’Italia see Giro d’Italia
Gran Fondo events 64
history of Alps and 186–216
Maginot Line and 207, 207n
Napoleon Bonaparte and 190–1
Napoleon III and 191–2
national road racing championships 184
Second World War and 186, 210–11, 212–13, 215–16
southern areas of present-day France under rule of House of Savoy 186–7, 191–2, 252n
tifosi (Italian fans) 175
Tour de France (1948) and 183, 214
Tour de France (1949) and 183–4
Tour de France (1950) and 184–6, 214–16
Triple Alliance and 193, 204
unification of 191, 191n
Izoard, Col d’, Alps 96, 123
les Diables Bleus road building and 194, 197
refuges on 191
Tour de France (1911) 205
Tour de France (1948) 214
Tour de France (2011) 77
Iseran, Col de I’, Alps 18, 187–8, 205
James, William 82
Jausiers, France viii, 16, 20, 21, 38, 39
Johnson, Robert 123
Joshua Tree, California 135
Jumbo (British Alpine Hannibal Expedition elephant) 188–90, 189
K2, Asia, Italian national expedition to (1954) 155–6
Kammerlander, Hans 7–8
Kangert, Tanel 285, 287–8
Karakoram region, Himalayas 7
Katusha, Team 161, 176
Kelly, Sean 284
Kerrison, Tim 237, 238
Kimmelman, Michael 225
King, Ben 79
Kitchel, Davis 131
Krabbé, Tim: The Rider 83
Kraemer, Gaul Pierre 289–2
Kruijswijk, Steven 273, 274–5, 276, 286, 287, 293
Kübler, Ferdi 215
L’Auto 48, 50, 51–2, 54, 55, 185
L’Équipe 54, 109n, 125
La Française des Jeux 75, 133, 162
La Plagne, Savoy 4–5, 77
Lacets de Montvernier, France 229
Lake District 225
Landa, Mikel 169, 179, 180
Landis, Floyd 95
lanolin 23, 23n
Lapize, Octave 58–9, 90
Larche, Col de, Alps 40
Las Cases, Comte de 190
Lazaridès, Apô 101, 101n
Le Pra, Alps 26, 122, 251, 297
Lemoine, Henri 95n
LeMond, Greg 84
Leopold, Aldo: ‘Thinking like a Mountain’ 260–1
Les Landes, France 48
Lévitan, Félix 95n
Liggett, Phil 5
Ligurian Alps 260
Liquigas team 237
Little Saint Bernard pass, Alps 188
Livestrong development team 65, 66
Livy 188
Lombarde, Col de la, Alps 40
Giro d’Italia (2016) and 21, 24, 38, 69, 283–4, 294, 295
Lotto-Soudal 220
LottONL-Jumbo, Team 220, 273
Macfarlane, Robert: Mountains of the Mind 224
MacNeice, Louis 153
Madone, Col de la, Alps 156
Armstrong and 127–8
Boswell and 133
bunkers on 209
Dombrowski and 129–30
Elissonde and 132–3
Froome and 128
Porte and 128, 132, 147
Rominger and 128
Strava and 129–30, 130n, 132–3
Maginot, André 206–7
Maginot Line, France 206–11, 208, 209
Magne, Antonin 96, 102, 106
Magni, Fiorenzo 184, 185–6, 216
Malléjac, Jean 90
Mallory, George Christopher Leigh (George Mallory II) 171n
author meets 145–57, 154, 169, 171n
‘benchmarking’ cycling and 146–53
emptiness of achievement, on 155
Everesting concept, invents 1, 2, 5, 134–8
high intensity training 150–1, 239
KoMs 149
Monte Zoncolan climb 148–9
Mount Donna Buang, Australia Everesting 1, 134–8, 145–6, 151
Portet d’Aspet climb 148
rock climbing influences cycling 150–1
stairwell run-ups and 151–2, 239
VAM and 147
Mallory, George Herbert Leigh (British mountaineer) 1–2, 5, 134, 153, 231, 239
‘marginal gains’ theory 172–3
Marseille, France 96, 98, 99, 100, 102–3, 104, 107, 245n, 247
Martin, Dan 163
Martini 48
Menier 94, 95
Menton, France 127, 128, 186, 193
Mercantour, Alps 25–6, 218n, 260
Mercier 102
Merckx, Axel 89
Merckx, Eddy 76, 77, 87, 88, 90, 95
Messner, Rheinhold 7–8, 42, 141, 157, 225
Millar, Robert 6, 90, 110, 121–2, 123
Moffat, Jerry 151
Mont Blanc, Alps 135, 193, 218n
Mont Genevre pass, Alps 190–1
Mont Ventoux, Alps 131, 160
ice-making industry on 245n
memorial to Kraemer on 289–2
Petrarch climbs (1336) 225–6
regular place on Tour de France 170
Tour de France (1955) 90
Tour de France (1958) 90
Tour de France (1967) 90
Tour de France (1970) 90
Tour de France (1994) 90
Tour de France (2002) 90
Tour de France (2009) 6
Monte Crostis, Alps 145, 171n
Monte Zoncolan, Alps 148–9, 168–9, 170, 174
Montée de Bisane, Alps 173
Montgenèvre pass, Alps 188, 190
Montgomery, Professor Hugh 231–3, 235, 236, 238–9
Mortirolo, Passo di, Alps 76, 149
Moser, Francesco 65
Mount Donna Buang, Australia: first Everesting (1994) 1, 134–8, 145–6, 151
Mount Olympus, Greece 222
Mount Sinai, Egypt 222
mountain stages, road cycling:
creation of Grand Tour 161–81
introduction into Tour de France 46–59
see also under individual race, mountain and stage name
mountaineering 1–2, 7–8, 134, 135, 137, 150–1, 153, 155, 156–7, 213, 221–2, 231, 236
mountains:
altitude training in 219–21, 230–45, 231n, 235
fortifications on 204–13, 208, 209, 214
motivation for cycling in (‘why are we doing this?) 1–6, 7, 10–11, 36, 72, 81–7
religious significance of 221–3, 224, 227
road building in 190–203, 194, 195, 202, 203
road clearing in/winter closure of road sections 15–17, 20–1, 24–5, 26–40, 28, 31, 34, 37, 269, 277–8, 296–9, 297, 299
road cycling in see under individual race, place and area name
shepherds/sheep in 246–72, 249n, 251, 253, 254, 259, 262, 265, 271
story of modern appreciation of 225–30, 226, 227, 227
sublime and 217, 223–5, 229
Moutiére, Col de la, Alps viii, 60
Movistar 292
Murakami, Haruki: What I Talk About When I Talk About Running 144–5, 156
Mussolini, Benito 9, 208, 210
Napoleon III, Emperor of France 187, 191–2, 202, 252n
Napoleonic Wars 191, 192n
National Altitude Training Centre (CNEA), Font Romeu. France 234, 235, 237
New York Times 1–2, 231
Newton, Sir Isaac 30–1, 230
Nibali, Vincenzo ‘The Shark’ 22, 173, 273–4, 275, 277, 279, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 292, 293
Nice, France ix, 41, 42, 44
Col de la Bonette and 13, 16, 17, 20, 238
French National Sport Museum 88
history of 186, 187, 191, 191n, 192, 203, 204–5, 208
pro cyclists use as base 65, 68, 70, 127
Tour de France (1947) and 98
Tour de France (1981) and 98
Vietto and 98, 100, 104
Nice-Bonette-Nice 119–26, 120, 126
Nieve, Mikel 179, 275, 276, 277, 281, 283, 284, 285, 293, 294
Nord-Afrique 183
Nord-Est 184
Olympic Games 6
(1964) 233
(1968) 233
(2004) 76
Orica-GreenEdge 176, 274
Ortler Alps 23
Ötztal Glacier road, Sölden, Austria 18
pain, cycling and 8, 71–2, 78, 81–7, 125, 140, 155, 160, 270 see also suffering/pain, cycling and
Painlevé, Paul 206–7
Pantani, Marco 6, 64, 65, 76, 87, 90, 110n
Parador Las Cañada del Teide 219, 220–1, 236–8, 240, 243, 244
Parc National du Mercantour, Alps 25–6, 260
Paris-Brest-Paris 46, 290