President Carter

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President Carter Page 121

by Stuart E. Eizenstat


  43.  Pad 98, October 28, 1980.

  44.  Ibid., October 16, 1980.

  45.  Ibid., October 18, 1980.

  46.  Ibid., October 25, 1980.

  47.  Ibid.

  48.  Pad 98, October 26, 1980.

  49.  Ibid., October 19, 1980.

  50.  Ibid., October 26, 1980.

  51.  Ibid., October 27, 1980.

  52.  Jerry Rafshoon interviews, April 4, 2014, and October 18, 2015; and discussions with the author, June 17, 2013, and February 25, 2014.

  53.  www.pbs/org/wgbh/americanexperiencefeatures/general-article/carter-election1980.

  54.  Hendrick Hertzberg, interview with the author, April 27, 1992; exit interview by Marie Allen, Presidential Projects Papers; American Experience, “The Election of 1980, Carter Strategies,” November 11, 2002, www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/film/carter/.

  55.  Pad 99, October 31, 1980.

  56.  Ibid., November 3, 1980.

  57.  James Baker, interview with the author, May 29, 2013.

  58.  James Rowland, interview with the author, July 14, 1992; Jimmy Carter quote in Craig Shirley, “New Book Pins ‘debategate’ on Dem,” Politico, October 15, 2009.

  59.  James Baker interview, May 29, 2013; Craig Shirley, Ibid.

  60.  Adam Walinsky, interview with the author, September 19, 1992; Adam Walinsky, “I Was RFK’s Speechwriter. Now I’m Voting for Trump. Here’s Why,” Politico, September 21, 2016; Laurence I. Barrett, Gambling with History: Ronald Reagan in the White House (New York: Doubleday, 1983).

  61.  Craig Shirley, “New Book Pins ‘Debategate’ on Dem,” Politico, October 15, 2009, www.politico.com/story/2009/10/new-book-pins-debategate-on-dem-028317.

  62.  Jerry Rafshoon, University of Virginia’s Miller Center of Public Affairs, April 8, 1983.

  63.  Elizabeth Drew, “1980: The Election,” The New Yorker, December 1, 1980; also quoted in American Experience, “The Election of 1980,” www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/featuresgeneral-article/carter-election1980/; Elizabeth Drew, Portrait of an Election: The 1980 Presidential Election (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1981).

  64.  Pad 99, November 3, 1980; Samuel Popkin Popkin (professor at University of California, San Diego), interview with the author, November 11, 1991.

  65.  Pad 99, October 31, 1980.

  66.  Ibid., November 2, 1980, 25.

  67.  Rosalynn Carter, interview with the author, August 13, 2014.

  68.  Pad 99, November 2, 1980.

  69.  Ibid.

  70.  Ibid.

  71.  Walter Mondale, interview with the author, September 22, 2014.

  72.  Jerry Rafshoon interview, August 19, 2013.

  73.  Jerry Rafshoon, University of Virginia’s Miller Center of Public Affairs interview, April 8, 1983.

  74.  Jerry Rafshoon interviews, June 17, 2013, and February 25, 2014.

  75.  Pad 99, November 3, 1980.

  76.  Samuel Popkin interview, November 11, 1991; Pad 99, November 4, 1990.

  77.  Pad 99, November 4, 1980.

  78.  Ibid.

  79.  Jody Powell, interviews with the author, December 17, 18, 1981, and October 16, 1989.

  80.  Douglas Brinkley, The Unfinished Presidency: James Carter’s Journey Beyond the White House, www.nytimes.com/books/first/b/brinkley-unfinished.html.

  81.  Tip O’Neill, Man of the House: The Life and Political Memoirs of Speaker Tip O’Neill (New York: Random House, 1987), 329; Frank Moore, interview with the author, May 8, 2013.

  82.  Pad 99, November 11, 1980.

  31. Final Days

    1.  Pad 99, November 11, 1980.

    2.  Pad 100, November 13, 1980.

    3.  Pad 103, January 14, 1981.

    4.  Public Papers of the Presidents, Jimmy Carter, Vol. III, 1980–1981, January 14, 1981, 2889–93.

    5.  Pad 99, November 5, 1980.

    6.  Ibid., November 11, 1980.

    7.  Jerry Rafshoon, interview with the author, October 18, 2015.

    8.  Charlie Palmer, interview with the author, December 11, 2013; and in conversations, October 21, 22, 2015.

  INDEX

  The index that appeared in the print version of this title does not match the pages in your ebook. Please use the search function on your e-­reading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.

  Aaron, David

  ABC

  Abdel-Meguid, Ahmed Asmat

  Abolhassan, Bani-Sadr

  Abourezk, James

  Abramowitz, Morton

  Abrams, Elliott

  Abrams, Robert

  Abzug, Bella

  Adams, Brock

  Ad Hoc Energy Committee

  Admiralty Island

  Advisory Committee on Women

  Affordable Care Act (Obamacare)

  Afghanistan

  Soviet invasion of

  AFL-CIO

  Africa

  Agah, Ali

  Age Discrimination Act

  Agent Orange

  Agnew, Spiro

  Agriculture, Department of

  Agudath Israel of America

  Air Force One

  Air Force Two

  Air France

  airlines

  Airlines for America

  Airline Transport Association (ATA)

  Akins, James

  al-Aqsa Mosque

  Alaska

  oil drilling

  Alaska Lands Act

  Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act

  Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act

  Albert, Carl

  Alexander, Clifford

  Alfonsín, Raúl

  Algeria

  Ali, Kamal Hassan

  Ali, Muhammad

  Allende, Salvador

  Alm, Alvin L.

  Al Qaeda

  Altman, Roger

  Amazon Basin

  American Airlines

  American Bar Association

  American Federation of Hospitals

  American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees

  American Federation of Teachers

  American-Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC)

  American Jewish Committee

  American Jewish community

  Carter’s loss of support in

  discrimination against

  voting by

  American Jewish Congress

  American Jewish leaders

  American Jewish organizations, civil rights position of

  American Legion

  American Medical Association (AMA)

  Americans for Democratic Action

  American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T)

  American Trucking Association

  American Zionist Federation

  Amitay, Morris

  Amnesty International

  Amoco

  Anderson, Glenn

  Anderson, John

  Anderson, Martin

  Anderson, Patrick

  Andropov, Yuri

  Andrus, Cecil

  Anglo-Iranian Oil Company

  Angola

  Annenberg, Walter

  Anti-Arab Boycott

  Anti-Defamation League

  anti-Semitism

  “Anybody but Carter” (ABC)

  Arab leaders

  Arab League

  Arab nations

  Arabs

  Arab Summit

  Arafat, Yāsir

  Archery, Georgia

  Arctic National Wildlife Refuge

  Argentina

  Arizona

  Arledge, Roone

  Arms Control and Disarmament Agency

  arms limitation agreements

  Army Corps of Engineers
/>   Arnall, Ellis

  Ashkenazi Jews

  Ashley, Thomas “Lud”

  Asia

  Askew, Reubin

  Aspin, Les

  Assad, Hefez el

  Association for Computer Machinery

  Atlanta, Georgia

  Atlantic Monthly

  Atlantic Richfield

  Audubon Society

  Australia

  automobile industry

  Aviation Consumer Action Project

  Avineri, Shlomo

  Avner, Yehuda

  Axilrod, Steve

  Azhari, Reza

  B-1 bomber

  B-52 bombers

  Bagley, Smith

  Baker, Howard

  Baker, James A.

  Bakhtiar, Shapour

  Bakke, Allan

  Ball, George

  banks

  Bannon, Steve

  Baptists

  Barak, Aharon

  Barak, Ehud

  Barnett, Bob

  Barnwell nuclear waste site

  Bar-On, Hanon

  Baroni, Geno

  Bartholomew, Reginald

  Basket III

  Bay of Pigs

  Baz, Osama el

  Bazargan, Mehdi

  Beame, Abe

  Beasley, Mary

  Beckwith, Charles

  Begin, Aliza

  Begin, Menachem

  Beheshti, Mohammed

  Beirut

  Bell, Daniel

  Bell, Griffin

  Bellamy, Carol

  Ben-Gurion, David

  Bentsen, Lloyd

  Berglund, Bob

  Berman, Michael

  Bernard, Dr. Jean

  Bevill, Thomas

  Biden, Joe

  Bigel, Jack

  Billygate

  Bingham, Eula

  bin Laden, Osama

  Bishara, Abdullah

  Bismarck, Otto von

  blacks

  and Carter

  church affiliations

  in Georgia

  public education for

  Southern

  voters

  Blackwelder, Brent

  Blanchard, James

  Bloom, Robert

  Blum, Yehuda

  Blumenthal, W. Michael

  Bob Jones University

  Boeing

  Boies, David

  Boland, Edward

  Bolivia

  Bolling, Landrum

  Bolling, Richard

  Bolshevik Revolution of 1917

  Bonn Summit

  Bookbinder, Hyman

  Booner, Yelena

  Boren, David

  Borman, Frank

  Boston, Massachusetts

  Bosworth, Barry

  Bourguet, Christian

  Bourne, Peter

  Boutros-Ghali

  BP

  Brademas, John

  Bradshaw, Thornton

  Brady, James

  Braniff

  Brazil

  Breyer, Stephen

  Brezhnev, Leonid

  Brezhnev Doctrine

  bribery

  Briscoe, Dolph

  Britain

  Broder, David

  Brody, David

  Bromberg, Michael

  Brooke, Edward

  Brookings Institution

  Brown, Ben

  Brown, Clarence

  Brown, Harold

  Brown, Jerry

  Brown, Sam

  Brown, Wesley A.

  Brown, William

  Brown v. Board of Education

  Brzezinski, Tadeusz

  Brzezinski, Zbigniew

  Bunker, Ellsworth

  Burger, Warren

  Burns, Arthur

  Burns, James MacGregor

  Burton, Phil

  Busbee, George

  Bush, George H. W.

  accomplishments of

  history’s view of

  Bush, George W.

  Business Roundtable

  Butler, Landon

  Byrd, Harry

  Byrd, Robert C.

  Cabinet

  Cable, Bill

  Caddell, Patrick

  Caldwell, Philip

  Calhoun Bank

  Califano, Joe

  California

  Callaghan, James

  Cambodia

  Cambridge Survey Research

  Camp David

  “Domestic Summit” (April 1979)

  summits at

  Camp David Accords

  Camp David II

  Canada

  Cannon, Howard

  Cannon, James

  Carey, Hugh

  Cargill

  Carney, John T. Jr.

  Carp, Bert

  Carson, Johnny

  Carson, Rachel

  Carswell, Robert

  Carter, Amy Lynn

  Carter, Billy

  Carter, Don (cousin)

  Carter, Donnel Jeffrey (“Jeff”) (son)

  Carter, Hugh

  Carter, Jack

  Carter, James Earl, Sr.

  Carter, James Earl (“Chip”) III

  Carter, Jay

  Carter, Jimmy

  (1962) state senator

  (1964) state senator, reelected

  (1966) gubernatorial race

  (1970) gubernatorial campaign

  (1974) announcing his candidacy

  (1976) presidental election campaign

  (1976) presidential election

  (1980) Democratic nomination

  (1980) Democratic primaries

  (2002) Nobel Peace Prize

  ability to bounce back

  accomplishments of

  almost lost at sea

  anti-inflation message

  anti-Israel positions after he left office

  antisocial tendency

  approval ratings

  attitude after defeat

  autobiography

  Baptist upbringing

  base voters

  birth and background

  born-again faith of

  both a moralist and a realist

  both a visionary and a detail man

  campaign book

  campaigning

  Camp David meeting

  carrying his own luggage

  church affiliation

  clothing, favored faded blue jeans

  compartmentalizing of decisions

  consumer-friendly policies

  “Crisis of Confidence” (malaise) speech, July 1979

  criticized as naive

  critique by his own Cabinet

  curiosity about facts

  daily schedule

  decency of, perhaps too strong

  defense policy

  and deregulation

  detail-oriented

  distaste for give-and-take

  doing the “right thing”

  domestic policy

  economic philosophy

  environmental policy

  exaggeration, a characteristic trait

  farewell address

  final days as president

  final year as president

  fireside chat

  first hundred days

  first year in office

  fiscal conservatism of

  governorship race

  as governor

  Hawaiian vacation

  honest administration of

  I’d-rather-be-right-than-reelected stance

  “I’m not going to give another energy speech”

  inaugural address

  integrity

  Iranians’ contempt for

  iron bladder

  lack of political sensitivity

  lack of priorities

  legislative successes

  marriage to Rosalynn

  message of sacrifice and pain

  as a micromanager

  military background

  mistranslated remarks in Poland

&
nbsp; moralistic bent

  name recognition

  nationwide address

  Naval Academy speech (1978)

  in the Navy

  negotiating prowess

  never asked Washington insiders to the White House

  never drank

  never lost his composure or seemed depressed

  not one American soldier died in combat during his term

  Notre Dame speech

  not waiting until a second term

  an outdoorsman

  overestimated Arabs

  personality of

  political cost of actions

  and the political game

  political standing of, Rosalynn’s protection of

  and politics, dislike of

  popularity

  populism of

  preoccupation with peace

  presidency of, successes and flaws of

  priorities of

  private life in the White House

  problem-solving skill

  rarely personalized letters

  refusal to subordinate principle to political success

  religious beliefs

  religious motivation, to bring peace to the Holy Land

  returns to Plains

  schooling

  self-critique

  separated politics from policy

  as Southern liberal

  speaking style

  speeches

  as a sportsman

  State of the Union Address (1978)

  stocktaking meetings with Cabinet

  stubbornness and tenacity

  tax code, a disgrace to the human race

  teaching Sunday school

  three characteristics of

  transformation from dove to hawk

  travel to Israel and Egypt

  unpopularity of

  vice presidential choice

  and the Washington establishment

  weak on defense, seen as

  Carter, John William “Jack”

  Carter, Lillian

  Carter, Rosalynn

  Carter, Ruth

  Carter administration

  accomplishments of

  unraveling of

  Carter Bonds

  Carter Center

  Carter Doctrine

  Carter’s Peanut Warehouse

  Case, Clifford

  Casey, William

  Castro, Fidel

  Castro, Raúl

  Catholic Church

  CBS

  Ceauşescu, Nicolae

  Center for the Study of Responsive Law

  Central Arizona Project

  Central Intelligence Agency

 

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