Alcatraz
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misconduct patterns at
planned escape from
poison complaints in
problems in
psychiatric evaluations at
recidivism rate for
research at
security of
Stroud’s time in
transfer option of
Lehder, Carlos
Leland, T. B.
Leopold, Nathan
letters and letter writing: on Alcatraz conditions
complaints and threats in
confiscation of
frustration with
to kidnap victims
plotting escape in
rules on
smuggling of
tools for
Lewis, Edgar
Lewisburg (PA) penitentiary
library: access to
importance for inmates
legal materials absent from
uses of
Library of Congress
Life magazine
Lifers Club
Limerick, Thomas: criminal activities of
death of
escape attempt of
Lucas on
testimony concerning
Lindbergh, Charles A., Jr.
Literary Digest
literature: poetry on Cole/Roe escape
releasees’ books about. See also library
Livesey, Robert
Lloyd (warden)
“locus of control” theory
Loeb, Richard
Loesch, Frank
Loomis, Al “Sailor”
Looney, Chester (warden)
Lorinez, Paul
Lorton Reformatory (Washington, DC)
Louderback (judge)
Loveland, Frank
Lucas, James: escape attempt of
fighting of
later account by
solitary confinement of
trial of
Luciano, Charles “Lucky”
Luer, August
MacCormick, Austin: Alcatraz report by
Capone visited by
on corporal punishment
operational guidelines of
responsibilities of
Mach, Frank
Machine Gun Kelly (film)
MacInnis, James
MacKenzie, Doris Layton
Madigan, Paul J. (warden): escape attempts and
on Karpis
on Neumer
service of
Mahan, Fred
Manchester (NH) Union
Mangiere, Charles
Manning (industries superintendent)
Mansfield (Ohio) prison
Marion (IL) federal supermax penitentiary: Alcatraz convicts memorialized in
indefinite lockdown of
inmates of
officers killed in
questions about
rationale for establishing
Marshall, Thurgood
Marston, David W.
Martin, Don
Martin, William: behavior of
escape attempt of
officer attacked by
solitary confinement of
strike of
Martini, John A.
Maryland: crimes in
masculinity
Massachusetts: corrections reform in
Mattix, Rick
May, Raymond
McCain, John
McCain, Rufus “Rufe”: behavior of
escape attempt of
murdered
solitary confinement of
strike of
testimony concerning
McCormick, Austin
McCormick, Harry
McCormick, Robert
McDade, Thomas
McDonald (inmate)
McElroy, Mary
McFarland, Thomas
McGee, Walter
McIntosh, Leo
McKee, Frank
McMath, Sid
McMiller, Ben
McNeil Island (WA) Penitentiary: Alcatraz compared with
Alcatraz guards trained at
Alcatraz inmates from
Alcatraz inmates transferred to
disciplinary segregation area of
escape attempts at
gangsters in
handcuffing in confinement at
problems in
transfer option of
undercover investigation of
McSwiggin, William H.
McVeigh, Timothy
media: Alcatraz condemned in
Alcatraz praised in
Alcatraz sensationalized by
Alcatraz toured by
anticrime counterstories of
barred from Alcatraz
on battle of
Alcatraz and trial
BOP statement absent in
call for Alcatraz’s removal in
Capone’s prison life and
on crime wave
on criminal activities inside prisons
defense attorney hired by
on escape attempts
on inmate’s death
on islands as prisons
on Karpis
on Lucas and Franklin’s trial
negative publicity increased in
on Persful
on psychological brutalization
on rationale for Alcatraz
secrecy surrounding Alcatraz and
on suicide
on Urschel kidnapping
on Waley
on work strike
WWII as focus of
on Young’s murder trial and prison conditions. See also movies and films
public attitudes
medical care: allegations of callous treatment
callousness toward Giacalone’s mental illness in
of Capone’s syphilis
force-feeding in
of individual resisters
inmate’s interest in
protest of
recommendation on supervision in
report on Alcatraz conditions
in solitary confinement
trial testimony on. See also psychological issues
Medical Center for Federal Prisoners (Springfield, MO): Alcatraz transfers to
other transfers to
oversight of
recommended transfers to
Medley
Mencken, H. L.
mental health: of inmates sent to Alcatraz
IQ and. See also coping mechanisms
psychological issues
mental illness: allegations concerning
allegations of
alleged faking of
callousness toward
dilemmas posed by
effects of Alcatraz on
in Grove’s case
impact of restrictions on
inmates’ concerns about
self-mutilation and
suicide as implying
testimony on
transfers for. See also psychological brutality
psychological coma
suicide attempts and suicides
Messamore, John
Messinger, Sheldon L.
metal detectors (“snitch boxes”)
Michigan: Albert Bates arrest for DWI in
federal correctional institution in
Jackson prison in
military prisoners in Alcatraz: crimes of
inmates’ attitudes toward
transfers of
Miller, Charles
Miller, Edward J. (“Meat Head”): battle of Alcatraz and
difficulty in prosecuting inmates and
escape attempts and
guns manufactured by inmates and
inmates’ allegations against
inmate’s murder and
lax oversight of
as Leavenworth warden
mentally ill inmate and
protests/strikes and
retirement of
on solitary
confinement
staff communications with
specific cases and: Bailey
Capone
Davis
Greene and Branch
Waley
Walters
Young
Miller, Verne
Miller, William: in battle of Alcatraz
criticized after battle
death of
heroism of
media on
testimony concerning
Milligan, Maurice
Mills, Loring
Milwaukee Journal
Minnesota: kidnappings in
murders in
robberies in
state penitentiary of (Stillwater)
Mississippi: crimes in
Missouri: crimes in
state reformatory of
women’s reformatory in. See also Medical Center for Federal Prisoners (Springfield, MO)
Mitchell, C. J.
Mitchell, William D.
model building, Alcatraz: escape attempts from
Hamilton’s reentry to
schedule of
security enhanced at
security weaknesses of
tools in
work continuing in
Montana: crimes in
prisons in
Moore, Joseph
Moran, Bugs
Morris, Frank
Motor Vehicle Theft Act
Moundsville (WV) prison
Moussawi, Zacharias
movies and films: on Capone
on Devil’s Island
on escapes
gangsters glorified in
inaccuracies of
on inmate’s murder
inmates’ watching of
reputation of Alcatraz enhanced by
technical consultant for
Mulloy, Frank
Murder in the First (film)
murders: of FBI agents
good time forfeiture for
of inmates by inmates
of Officer Cline by escapees
of officers in supermax prison
Young’s trial for. See also battle of Alcatraz (1946); gangster era
Murphy, Frank
musical activities
mythology of Alcatraz: battle of Alcatraz and
beginning of
escape-proof characterization in
as factor in prosecuting inmates
failure to question
penal policy debates infused with
persistence of
psychological effects reconsidered
reign of terror in
sensationalization of
in Young’s murder trial. See also Devil’s Island (French Guiana); secrecy
NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
Nash, Frank: associates of
criminal activities of
death of
escape of
mentioned
Nash, Jay Robert
National Archives, San Bruno
National Congress of Corrections
National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
National Inventors Council
National Law Observance and Enforcement Commission
National Motor Vehicle Theft Act
National Park Service. See Alcatraz Island, Golden Gate National Recreation Area
National Society on Penal Information
Nebraska: crimes in
state penitentiary of
Nelson, Baby Face (aka Lester Gillis): associates of
context of
criminal activities of
death of
escape of
mentioned
Nelson, Helen
Nelson, Louis
Ness, Eliot
Neumer, Richard A.: behavior of
conditional release of
correspondence courses of
criminal activities of
health difficulties of
letter smuggling of
petitions of
postrelease success of
solitary confinement of
Nevada State Prison
Newark News
new industries building See also laundry
New Jersey: crimes in
state reformatory of
newspapers: prohibition of. See also media; specific newspapers
New York: crimes in
supermax prisons in. See also Attica State Prison (NY); Auburn (NY) Prison
New York Daily News
New York Times
Niles, Blair
North Carolina: crimes in
Number 1600: author’s questions for
job difficulties of
mental difficulties of
postrelease success of
Number
Numer. See Neumer, Richard
O’Connell, John J., Jr.
Ohio: crimes in
prison in
Ohio Sheet and Tube Company
Oklahoma: crimes in
Davis paroled in
detainers against Kelly in
federal prison in
Stamphill paroled by
state penitentiary of
state reformatory of
state training school of
Oklahoma City Jail
Oklahoma County Jail
Oldham, Herschel
O’Malley, Irish
oral histories. See also interviews (by author)
Ordway, Maurice
Oregon: state penitentiary of
state prison of
Osborne Association
Parker, Bonnie: associates of
criminal activities of
fading from public view
movie about
Parker, Marian
parole: board members on
chances for high-profile cases
for deportation
expectations in
good time and
hopes for
opposition to gangster’s
rules for
for shooting alleged escapees
suicide in face of. See also U.S. Parole Board
Passage to Marseilles (film)
Peabody, Gerard: criminal activities of
Gaddis’s view of
parole request of
post-Alcatraz failure of
Waley compared with
Pennsylvania: Capone imprisoned in
Eastern State Penitentiary in
penitentiary in (Lewisburg)
penology and penal policy: assumptions in, contradicted
desistance concept in
deterrence theory in
factors to consider in
historical context of
impact of battle of Alcatraz on
media’s condemnation and praise for
post-WWII reconsideration of
progressive view of
public ambivalence about
questions about
rationale for super prison in
Young’s trial as challenge to. See also criminal justice system; rehabilitation philosophy
Pepper, Jack
Persful, Rufe: convict code violated by
criminal activities of
inmates’ attacks on
media’s sensationalization of
self-mutilation of
Pershall, Charles
personnel. See employees and staff
Philadelphia: Capone imprisoned in
Philadelphia Bulletin
Philadelphia Evening Bulletin
Philadelphia Inquirer
Phillips, Bob
Phillips, Burton: anger of
background of
correspondence courses of
criminal activities of
fighting of
grievances of
post-release success of
recommended transfer of
resistance of
solitary confinement of
&
nbsp; warden attacked by
Pieper (FBI agent)
popular culture: gangsters and outlaws in
G-men and FBI images in. See also movies and films; mythology of Alcatraz; public attitudes
Portland (ME) Press Herald
Powers, Richard Gid: on G-men
on Hoover
on public anti-crime sentiments
on Roosevelt’s crime fighting
on super prison
Preshaw, Clarence
prisonization, defined
prisons: basic goal of
convict code in
disciplinary segregation areas of
impact of troublesome inmates on
islands as
letter writing in
post-1970s culture of
social interaction in
underground economies of. See also federal prisons
penology and penal policy
specific facilities
Prohibition (1920Ó33). See also gangster era
protests and strikes: celebrities largely absent from
of death of inmate Allen
explicit goals of
Karpis’s mediation in
Kelly’s role in
for lack of privileges
leadership in
of limited privileges
media’s response to
motive for participating in
participants in 1937, listed
praise for no-nonsense treatment of
refusing to work in
releasee on violence in
as resistance
of silent system
of Stroud’s medical care
for too much work
trial testimony on. See also hunger strikes
psychological brutality
psychological coma: as defense in murder trial
Johnston on
testimony supporting
Young’s testimony supporting
psychological issues: Bowers evaluated for
constitutional psychopath designation and
counseling in
difficulties in sorting out
evaluations of
misconduct patterns and
motivations for resistance based in
reconsideration of
releasees on
support in. See also coping mechanisms
public attitudes: alarmed at gangster activities
ambivalent about penal policy
anticrime demands
call for investigation of Alcatraz
Capone as folk hero
on Capone’s behavior
curiosity about Alcatraz
deterrence aspect of Alcatraz
fascinated with massacre
sympathy with habitual escapees. See also movies and films
mythology of Alcatraz
public enemies: absent in battle of Alcatraz
captured and confined in
Alcatraz
as celebrity prisoners
Dainard as
doing time with
escape attempts of
Limerick, Lucas, and Franklin compared with
popular mythology of
prison treatment of
use of term. See also Bailey, Harvey
Barker, Arthur “Dock”
Bates, Albert
Capone, Al (Alphonse Gabriel)
Chase, John Paul
Karpis, Alvin “Ray” (Karpowicz)
Kelly, George “Machine Gun”
Purple Gang (Detroit)
Quillen, James: interviews with