screen time limits, xxii, 89
Second Life, 90, 120
Secord, Paul F.; see Guttentag–Secord theory
self–affirmation theory, 134–135
self–identity, stability of, 135; see also Erik Erikson
self–image, preservation in stressful situations, 134
self–perception, dissociation from reality, 134–138
sex
abstinence pledges, 73
average age of first intercourse, 30
consequences of fear of, 202
messages from the media, 56, 72
shame, 72, 107, 172, 202, 210
teen pregnancy rates, 74, 204
sex education, 71–75, 191–193, 198
sex ratio in the population, effect on men's motivation, 138–140; see also Guttentag–Secord theory
sexism
against men, 169
in films, 146
women against each other, 176
sexual behavior sequence, 29
sexual energy, positive use of, 213
The Sexual Paradox: Men, Women and the Real Gender Gap; see Pinker, Susan
sexual violence against men, 172–174, 176
sexuality, 71, 74, 169–174
sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
anal sex risks, 31, 101, 175
prevalence among youth, 31
Shachtman, Noah, 130
The Shallows: What the Internet is Doing to Our Brains; see Carr, Nicholas
Sharpe, Richard, 77
She's All That (film), 13
Sherman, David, 134–136
Shpancer, Noam, 151
shyness in young men, 11–13, 218
dispositional, xvi, 11
situational, 11
see also social intensity syndrome (SIS); social anxiety
Sinful Robot, 90
Singer, P.W., 129
single mothers, 40, 44
cannot replace father involvement, 203–205
impact on children, 40–50, 52, 54, 57–59, 203–205, 238
poverty rates, 59, 204
rise in single parent households, 59
single–parent households, increase in, 59
single–sex schooling, 189, 196
Sipress, David, 95
Skakkebaek, Niels, 80
Skinner, B.F.; see operant conditioning
Skinner, Michael, 79
Slaughter, Anne–Marie, 145
sleep
amount needed by teens, 21
effects of excessive gaming, 21
lack of sleep misdiagnosed as an attention problem, 21
social anxiety, 108
social class and academic success, 181–182
social groups, intensity of all–male groups, 13–19
social intensity syndrome (SIS), 13–19
social interaction, effects of technology, 13
social media sites, 55
social networks, importance to women, 147
social rejection; see rejection
social skills
effects of fathers on, 54, 204
stunted by technology, 12–13
social support, young men's need for, 55
Sommers, Christina Hoff, 4, 223
Space Invaders (1978), 115, 128
Space Invaders Obsession, 22
sperm count, threats in the environment; see environment
sports
benefits for young men, 214–215
benefits for young women, 158
Sprinkle, Annie, 152–153
Star Wars movie (1977), 115
Steele, Claude, 133
Stegner, Wallace, 39
Stein, Joel, 27
STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics), employment prospects, 69–70, 165–166
stimulant medications, side effects, 32–34, 35, 66
stress in children, effects of divorce, 42–45
stress response, effects on social and emotional functioning, 41–42
stressful situations, preserving sense of self, 133–134
suicide, 45, 68
superwomen, 44
Swing, Edward, 119
Szalavitz, Maia, 40
technology
development of video games, 115
encouraging self–centeredness, xxi
externalization of thoughts and memories, xxii
growth of electronic consumerism, 114
influences on social interaction, 12–13
see also gaming; video games
technology enchantment, 83–85
TED Talks, xi, 30, 88, 234
teen pregnancy rates; see sex: teen pregnancy rates
television, 20, 57
testosterone, effects of anti–androgens; see under environment
texting as preferred communication method, 16–17
Think and Grow Rich; see Hill, Napoleon
Thompson, Clive, xxii
Tiffany & Co., 150
time management, 206–209
time perspectives
future–orientation, 35, 216–217
marshmallow experiment; see Mischel, Walter
present–hedonism, 35, 74–75, 107–108
resisting temptation understanding causal sequences, 216
Tolkien, J.R.R., 83
Tolman, Deborah, 154
Tolstoy, Leo, 56
Too Many Women?: The Sex Ratio Question; see Guttentag–Secord theory
Tramiel, Jack, 115
trust
breakdown of, 41–47, 52–54, 109, 148, 187
effect of divorce on, 46
effects on economy, 47
millennials have lowest rates of, 41
nanny cams, 41
Trust: The Social Virtues and Creation of Prosperity; see Fukuyama, Francis
Tsabary, Shefali, 206
Turk, Gary, 3
Turkle, Sherry, xxii, 238
Twain, Mark, xv
Twenge, Jean, 136, 146
Twitter, 55
understanding, distinction from knowledge, 3–4
unemployment trends, 7–10
unmarried population, growth of, 48–49
The Ultimate History of Video Games: The Story behind the Craze that Touched our Lives and Changed the World; see Kent, Steven L.
Unnatural Selection Choosing Boys Over Girls, and the Consequences of a World Full of Men; see Hvistendahl, Mara
Vaillant, George; see Harvard Grant Study
Valley of Death, 21
Vergara, Sofîa; see superwomen
Viagra, 99, 104
video games
addiction process, 84–85
and Maslow's hierarchy of needs, 91–92
arcade games, 128
and attention problems, 119
compulsive features of game design, 128
desensitization to violence, 127, 129; see also gaming violence
disadvantages of playing, 116–120
distraction from difficulties at school, 66
dynamics of, 114
educational aspects (game–based learning), 120–123
effects of father's absence, 51–52
effects of high cognitive load, 84
effects on attention span, 119
effects on educational attainment, 116–119
effects on marriages, 22, 124–125, 224
effects on motivation, 118–120
effects on socialization, 116–119
effects on the brain, 117–119
excessive amount defined, 89
female gamers, xvii, 20
forums, 55
from nerds to geeks, 115
gaming industry, 19–22, 114–115, 123, 234
gaming sites, volume of web traffic, 19–22
growth in value of the market, 21
history of identification with violent perpetrators; see also Proteus Effect
and impulsiveness, 119
interference with sleep, 21
life balance, 214
and male identity, 117–119, 128
marathon gaming, 21
military uses for violent video games, 126, 129
negative aspects, 123–129
operant conditioning; see operant conditioning
positive aspects, 116, 120–124
preference for a virtual world, xx, 13, 19–22, 152
problem of excessive playing, xvii
Proteus Effect; see Proteus Effect
reasons for attractiveness to young men, 84–85
reinforcement schedule, 84
reward system (gamification), 83–84
social aspects, 120–121
as a substitute for reality, 90–95
time spent gaming, 20
treatment programs for excessive gaming, 68
virtual reality sex games, 89
violence less dirty than sex, 56, 72
violent crime, male risk of, 172–175, 176
virtual world
ability to distinguish from reality
preference to reality, 23, 93–95
Von Drehle, David, 127–128
voters, proportion of females to males, 221
Wakefield, Julie, 78
Waldorf schools, 196
Walsh, David, 50
The War Against Boys: How Misguided Policies Are Harming Our Young Men; see Sommers, Christina Hoff
welfare, 57–59
What Makes Love Last?: How to Build Trust and Avoid Betrayal; see Gottman, John
White House Council on Boys and Men, 187
White House Council on Women and Girls, 187
White, Mark D., 151
White Ribbon movement in Canada, 50
Whitehead, Bob, 123
Wikipedia, 236
Wilder, Jason, 139
Willison, Simon, 235
Wilson, Gary, xviii, 103, 210
Wired, xxii, 130
Wired for War: The Robotics Revolution and Conflict in the 21st Century; see Singer, P.W.
women
achieving goals without a man in their life, 146
arousal by “and” (multiple cues), xvi
aversion to confrontation, 147
balancing career and family, 145
barrier of sexual shame, 219
brother and sister interactions, 222
choosing a good man, 227
comparison with celebrity mothers, 44
consequences of political correctness, 154
do not have same financial pressure to provide as men, 149–150, 161–166
earnings compared to men, 144
effects of no–strings–attached (NSA) sex, 225
effects of the population sex ratio, 138
empowerment, illusion of, 152–157
equal responsibilities with equal rights, 161
gamer and porn “widows,” 224
gender democracy, 144
glass ceiling/leadership gap, 146
having it all, 145, 157, 163–164
Hero–Asshole Complex; see Hero–Asshole Complex
improvements in status and rights, 143
increase in academic proficiency, 70
influence of raunch culture, 153
love advantages, 162–163
mother and son relationship, 223
negative portrayal in the media, 145, 231–232
not aspiring to be like men, 156
objectification, 29–31, 51, 110–114, 153, 154, 173
pay gap variables, 144
positive influences on men, 223–227
prefer intrinsic rewards; see intrinsic rewards
pressure to objectify oneself, 153
single motherhood; see single mothers
teaching our daughters to succeed, 156–160
trend away from relationships with men, 146
unrealistic expectations of men, 147
Woodman, Marion, 135
work fatalities, 168
work–life balance, 145
workforce, men opting out of, 7–10
World of Warcraft, 120, 126, 129
The World Split Open: How the Modern Women's Movement Changed America; see Rosen, Ruth
World Without Oil, 120
writing by hand, as a dying skill, xxi
Xbox Kinect, 121
Yao, George, 21
Yee, Nick, 93
Your Brain On Porn: Internet Pornography and the Emerging Science of Addiction; see Wilson, Gary
YourBrainOnPorn.com, xviii; see also Wilson, Gary
Zak, Paul, 47
Zillman, Dolf; see excitation transfer model
Zuckerberg, Mark, 10
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Philip Zimbardo is professor emeritus of psychology at Stanford University and has taught at Yale, New York University, and Columbia. He has been president of the American Psychological Association (2002), president of the Western Psychological Association (twice), and chair of the Council of Scientific Society Presidents (CSSP); he is currently chair of the Western Psychological Foundation. He narrated the award-winning PBS series Discovering Psychology and has received numerous awards and honors for his work, including the Kurt Lewin Award for Distinguished Research on Social Issues. His many publications include The Lucifer Effect, The Time Paradox, and the classic textbooks Psychology and Life, and Psychology: Core Concepts.
His current passion is the Heroic Imagination Project, exploring and encouraging the psychology of everyday heroes. His website is zimbardo.com.
Nikita Coulombe graduated from the University of Colorado with a Bachelor of Arts in fine art and psychology. After university, she worked with Philip Zimbardo as his personal and executive assistant for several years, collaborating with him on the early development of the Heroic Imagination Project, and co-writing The Demise of Guys. She created the surveys and conducted many of the interviews featured in this book. These conversations, in part, inspired her to co-found the sex education blog, http://BetterSexEd.org.
Visit her website http://nikitacoulombe.com.
TO OUR READERS
Conari Press, an imprint of Red Wheel/Weiser, publishes books on topics ranging from spirituality, personal growth, and relationships to women's issues, parenting, and social issues. Our mission is to publish quality books that will make a difference in people's lives—how we feel about ourselves and how we relate to one another. We value integrity, compassion, and receptivity, both in the books we publish and in the way we do business.
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