Henry Knox
Page 37
Cushing, Thomas, 19
Cutts, Anna, 244
Dalrymple, William, 11, 169
Deane, Silas, 87, 90–1, 93–4, 99
Declaration of Independence, 53–4, 56, 61, 257
Delaware, 200
Dexter, Samuel, 241
Du Coudray, Philipe Charles Jean Baptiste Tronson, 90–4, 99, 152
Duane, James, 135, 151
Dunton, Ebenezer, 219, 224
Edes, Benjamin, 8, 13, 28
Elliot, Andres, 169
d'Estaing, Comte, 132–4
Ewing, James, 73, 78
Federalist Papers, 201
Federalists, 200–1, 210, 212, 215, 222, 236, 242, 256
Flower, Benjamin, 84–5
Flucker, Thomas, 15, 18–20, 45, 47
Forbes, Gilbert, 52
Forrest, Thomas, 77
Fort George, 37–9, 50, 59, 147
Fort Knox, 249–50, 252
Fort Lee, 65–7
Fort Mercer, 111, 113, 115
Fort Montgomery, 88–9, 110
Fort Roxbury: see Roxbury fortifications
Fort Ticonderoga: see Ticonderoga mission
Fort Washington, 51, 65–7, 142, 207–8
fortification of Dorchester Heights, 44–6, 54, 107, 185–6, 251
foundries, 34, 36–7, 84–6, 253
France, 4, 6, 13–14, 53, 65–6, 72, 87, 90–4, 98–100, 113, 116–17, 125–7, 129, 132–3, 135–6, 139–40, 142–6, 151–2, 155, 158–60, 162–8, 171–2, 184, 189, 211–12, 214, 224–7, 231–3, 239, 241–2, 256. See also Quasi-War
Franklin, Benjamin, 3, 61, 91, 93, 129, 243, 252
Fraunces, Samuel, 185
French-Indian War, 27, 33
French Revolution, 211, 227
friendships, vi, 3, 13, 21, 30, 240–1. See also John Adams
Gilbert du Motier
Nathanael Greene
Benjamin Lincoln
David McClure
George Washington
frigates, 213–16, 221, 232
Gage, Thomas, 18–20, 22, 28–9, 44
Gates, Horatio, 31, 100–1, 105, 108, 111–17, 125, 143, 145, 150, 175, 178–80
Genêt, Edmond Charles ("Citizen"), 211–12
Georgia, 137, 145, 174, 200, 205–7, 216
Gerry, Elbridge, 32, 64, 115–17, 121, 184, 199, 232–3
Gill, Jonathan, 8, 13, 28
Glover, John, 60, 74–5
de Grasse, Francois Joseph Paul Comte, 160–2
Gray, Harrison Otis, 243
Great Britain, 1–3, 5–7, 12, 13, 15–19, 34, 45–6, 53, 72, 111, 120, 126, 132–7, 139, 141–2, 144–9, 152, 157, 161–7, 169–71, 174, 177, 180, 185, 189–90, 195, 205, 207, 211–12, 214, 217, 221, 226–9, 231, 233, 242, 251–2, 254. See also Hessians
Parliament of Great Britain
Greene, Kitty, 123
Greene, Nathanael, 21, 31, 51, 53, 60, 66–7, 75–6, 86, 88–9, 91–4, 100–2, 104, 113, 116–17, 122–3, 126–7, 131, 134, 142–3, 150–1, 157–8, 160, 163, 168, 177, 192–3
Gridley, Jeremiah, 86
Gridley, Richard, 31, 33, 36
gunpowder, 43–5, 79, 84, 88, 105–6, 144, 155, 158, 253
Hamilton, Alexander, 24, 36, 49, 74, 83, 87, 94, 106, 108, 117, 126, 131, 141, 146–8, 165, 171, 175–6, 181, 184, 195, 201, 203, 206, 209, 212, 217–20, 226, 232–7, 239–40, 242, 245, 252, 254, 256
Hancock, John, 24–5, 33, 38, 47, 63, 85–8, 92, 106, 113, 153, 177, 203
Harmar, Josiah, 207–9
Harvard College, 1, 3, 6, 28
Heath, William, 89, 144
Henry, Patrick, 176, 252
Hessians, 76–8, 103, 111, 133, 253
Hickey, Thomas, 52
Hopkins, Esek, 48–9
Howe, William, 44–5, 49, 52–7, 61, 66, 69, 73, 88, 92, 97–8, 100–3, 106, 108, 110–11, 113–14, 116–17, 127, 132–3, 154
Huddy, Joshua, 170–1
Humphreys, David, 213–15. See also frigates
Hutchinson, Thomas, 10, 17–18
Independence Day, 93. See also Declaration of Independence
intolerable acts: see British Coercive Acts
Jackson, Henry, 108, 129, 143, 200, 211, 216–17, 221, 239
Jay, John, 167, 201, 203, 227, 252
Jay's Treaty, 227, 231, 233
Jefferson, Thomas, 19, 46, 53–4, 176, 184, 206, 209–10, 212, 215–17, 223–6, 231–2, 234, 242–3, 252, 256
criticism of Knox, 212
president, 242–3
resignation of, 212
and state governance, 209–10
Jones, Joseph, 115, 178
de Kalb, Johann (Baron de Kalb), 98
King, Rufus, 188–9, 199
King George III, 5, 16–17, 54, 83
Knox, Augusta Henrietta (daughter), 224, 229
Knox, Caroline (daughter), 210, 224, 248–9
Knox, George Washington (son), 200, 205–6, 224, 230
Knox, Henry: and John Adams, 231
advice to Congress, 64–5, 71–2
ancestry, 2
bookseller, 7, 12–15, 18–25, 36, 47, 86, 184, 223
character, 3–5, 8–11, 13–14, 22, 30, 34, 57, 171–2, 192, 198–9, 207, 220–1, 224–5, 247, 253, 256
criticism of, 209, 212, 217–219, 254, 256
death of, 246–8
diplomacy, 187
education, 1–2, 4, 6–7, 13–14, 21, 254
engineer, 6–7
and family, 184, 222, 248
financial solvency, 173, 193, 198–9, 220–1, 239, 246–8
and France, 4, 6, 146, 151–2, 171–2
friendships, see friendships
and Alexander Hamilton, 209–10, 240
hand wound, 14–16, 240
loss of child, 172–3
marksmanship, 29
marriage, 15–20
memorializing, 249–50
and the military, see military
on his mortality, 246
and national government, 176–7, 188, 195–201, 207, 210
on New York City, 40
peacetime army, 184, 191–2, 255
physique, 4, 23, 143, 152
and politics, 228–9, 243–5, 256
positions, see positions post-war, 173, 184, 187–8, 193, 198, 203
and prisoners of war, 168–71
and U.S. Constitution, 194–201, 252, 256
and George Washington, see Knox-Washington relationship
youth, 1–7. See also Boston Grenadier Corps
Boston Massacre
cannons
Chew house
Federalists
fortification of Dorchester Heights
frigates
Lucy Flucker Knox
military
Montpelier
"Plan for the General Arrangement of the Militia"
"Plan for a General Government"
Roxbury fortifications
Society of Cincinnati
Ticonderoga mission
the Train
Treaty of New York
U.S. Arsenal in Springfield
U.S. Military Academy at West Point
U.S. Navy
Waldo patent
George Washington
Knox, Henry Jackson (son), 143, 161, 187, 211, 241, 244, 248–9
Knox, John, 2
Knox, Julia Wadsworth (daughter), 187, 190, 224
Knox, Lucy (daughter), 119, 123, 187, 190, 211, 224, 244, 248–9
Knox, Lucy Flucker (wife), 15–20, 22–3, 25, 27–8, 31, 34, 36, 39–40, 42, 47–9, 51–2, 54–7, 60–1, 69, 74, 76–7, 79–81, 83–4, 86–7, 89–90, 92, 94, 97, 101–2, 105, 107, 110–11, 115–19, 123, 126, 130–2, 134–5, 140, 143, 151–2, 158–60, 163, 167–8, 171–3, 184–7, 189–90, 198–9, 205, 210, 218–19, 223–5, 230, 244, 246, 248–9
accompanying Knox to war, 151–2, 158
character, 15–17, 20, 198, 244
childbirth, 184
death of, 249
death of Knox
, 246, 248
family estrangement, 17–20, 25, 51, 89, 102, 158, 160, 189–90, 223
loss of children, 172–3, 199, 210, 246
pregnancies, 34, 140, 143, 158–60, 168, 186, 190, 210. See also Waldo patent
Knox, Marcus Bingham (son), 224, 229
Knox, Marcus Camillus (son), 168, 172
Knox, Marcus Camillus II (son), 184, 187, 210
Knox, Mary Campbell (mother), 1, 7, 13
Knox, William (brother), 2–3, 7, 13–14, 22–3, 25, 31–2, 36, 38–9, 62–3, 65, 86, 129, 132–3, 135, 139, 152–3, 158–60, 166–8, 190, 193, 228
Knox, William (father), 1–4, 203, 228
Knox-Washington relationship, vi, 30–1, 66, 80, 84, 117–18, 144, 150–1, 167–8, 172, 185–8, 194–201, 209, 217, 219–22, 229–30, 234–8, 240–1, 251, 253, 255 rift, 209, 217, 219–22, 234–6
Lafayette, George Washington Motier, 226–7
Lafayette, Marquis de (Gilbert du Motier), 98–100, 117, 146, 148, 151, 190, 193, 201, 226, 254
Laurens, Henry, 113, 170
Laurens, John, 109, 113, 170
Lee, Charles, 30–1, 42, 68, 129–32
Lee, Henry, 219
Lee, Richard Henry, 19, 76, 79, 91, 112, 176
Lee, Robert E., 106
Lee III, Henry (Light-Horse Harry), 106
Lewis, Francis, 64, 78
Lincoln, Benjamin, 119, 137, 140, 142, 150, 164, 166–7, 172–4, 179–80, 184, 194, 197, 203, 205–6, 226
friendship with Knox, 142
Lippincott, Richard, 170
Livingston, Robert R., 204
Longman, Thomas, 23
Louis XVI, 171, 211, 226
Lovell, John, 1, 3, 45, 91, 93, 114–15
Maclay, William, 205, 207
Madison, James, 175, 178, 195, 201, 203, 210, 215–16, 244, 252, 256
Maine, 187, 190, 217–21, 223–6, 228–9, 231, 239. See also Montpelier
Marbleheaders, 74–5
Marshall, John, 206, 232–3, 252
Maryland, 75, 218
Mason, David, 6, 33, 48
Massachusetts, 6–7, 19, 75, 86, 124–5, 153, 158, 174, 176–7, 187, 193, 197, 200–1, 217, 223, 243. See also Boston, Massachusetts
Matthews, David, 52
Maxwell, William, 103
McClure, David, 3, 203
McDougal, Alexander, 36–7, 88, 123, 175–7, 179
McGillivray, Alexander, 207–8
McHenry, James, 233–4, 236
Mercer, Hugh, 82–3
Mifflin, Thomas, 113–14, 122
military (Henry Knox): academy, 51, 63–4, 136, 139, 183, 190, 243–4
books, 6–7, 14, 21, 35, 50, 115
education, 6–7, 13–14, 21, 28
engineer, 6–7, 21, 27–36, 74, 80–1, 84, 98, 100–1, 108, 254
resignation from, 216–17, 221–2
tactician, 6–7, 13–14, 21, 114–15, 118, 254
strategy, 78, 109, 145, 254
Monroe, James, 74, 77–8, 116, 188
Montgomery, Hugh, 9
Montpelier, 217–21, 223–6, 228–31, 239–40, 245–50
Morehead, John, 2
Morris, Gouverneur, 125, 134, 169, 174, 177, 199, 255
Morris, Robert, 78, 80, 115–16, 161
Morristown camp, 140–1, 143, 153
Nash, Francis, 104
Native Americans, 13–14, 101, 187, 190, 205–11, 216, 230, 252, 255–6
Naturalization Act, 241
Netherlands, 53, 65–6, 139, 168, 211, 231
New England, 31–2, 35, 48, 86, 88, 118, 124, 126, 128, 154, 203, 210, 221, 223, 226–7, 236
New Hampshire, 27, 117, 124, 153, 194, 200–1
New Jersey, 79, 82–4, 92, 97, 114, 124, 127–9, 132, 134, 154, 160, 200, 218
New York, 28, 48, 57, 64–8, 72, 82–3, 97, 100–1, 110–11, 118, 123–9, 132–4, 139, 141–6, 155, 157–8, 160, 162, 167–8, 185, 187, 189–90, 200, 204, 207–10
Newburgh Address, 178–9
Ogden, Matthias, 175
Ohio Territory, 208–9, 216–17, 221, 256
Osgood, Samuel, 174, 206
Paddock, Adino, 5–6, 14, 23, 33, 45
Paine, Robert Treat, 19, 50, 55, 57–8
Parliament of Great Britain, 3, 5, 7, 12, 15–19
Pennsylvania, 22, 83, 85, 111, 116–17, 135, 187, 199–200, 218–21. See also Philadelphia
Whiskey Rebellion
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 22, 88, 93, 97, 99, 101–2, 106–8, 110–16, 118, 121, 123–8, 132, 134–5, 139, 153, 161, 168–9, 173–5, 177–9, 209, 211–13, 215, 217–18, 220, 223, 227–8, 232–3
Pickering, Timothy, 108, 233–5, 237, 239, 248
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 231–7, 242
Pitcher, Molly (Mary Ludwig Hays), 131, 252
"Plan for the General Arrangement of the Militia," 191–2
"Plan for a General Government," 195
positions (Henry Knox): brigadier general, 72, 79, 81, 150
co-head of Treasury Department, 206
colonel of artillery regiment, 31–6, 42, 50–1, 53, 62, 64–5
commander of army, 184–5, 187, 254–5
commander of artillery corps, 71–2, 79, 81, 84–7, 92–4, 100–3, 123, 132, 135–7, 139, 143–5, 150–2, 155, 158, 163–4, 251–3, 256
major general, 168–9, 189
secretary at war, 187–90, 205, 252, 255
secretary of war, 205–22, 224, 231–2, 252, 255–6
Preston, Thomas, 9–12
Provincial Congress, 22–3
Putnam, Israel, 31, 51, 66
Quasi-War, 233–9, 256
Quincy, Josiah, 3
Randolph, Edmund, 178, 206
Rahl, Johann Gottlieb, 77
Reed, Eliza Taylor (daughter-in-law), 244
Reed, Joseph, 55–6, 73
Republicans, 212, 215, 242, 256
Revere, Paul, 8, 11, 21, 24, 252
Rhode Island, 27–8, 31, 48, 133, 153, 177, 194, 200–1
Rivington, James, 20, 24, 107
Rivington's Royal Gazette, 20, 107–8
Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste Donatien Comte de, 144, 146, 151, 157–8, 160–2
Rodney, Caesar, 98
Roxbury fortifications, 28–30, 32–3, 43
Rush, Benjamin, 76, 114
Rutledge, Edward, 61
St. Clair, Arthur, 209
Sargent, Winthrop, 221
Schuyler, Elizabeth, 148
Schuyler, Philip, 35–6, 39–41
Second Hundred Years' War, 211
Sedgwick, Theodore, 203
Sharpe's Military Guide, 6
Shays' Rebellion, 193–4, 196–7, 252
smallpox, 87, 89, 127
Society of Cincinnati, 184, 188, 201, 241
Sons of Liberty, 7–8, 16, 185
South Carolina, 137, 142, 212
Spain, 205, 211
Stamp Act, 15, 19, 218
Stephen, Adam, 75, 104, 109
Sullivan, John, 60, 75–6, 91–4, 98, 104–5, 108, 133
de Talleyrand-Perigord, Charles-Maurice (Talleyrand), 226, 232–3
Thacher, James, 247
Thatcher, Samuel (son-in-law), 244
Thirteen Colonies, 45
Thomas, John, 32, 44
Thomson, Charles, 189, 204, 230
Ticonderoga mission, 28, 34–42, 44–5, 75, 88, 129, 137, 160, 251, 253
Tories, 6, 8–9, 12, 13, 15–16, 19–20, 22, 24, 34, 40, 50, 52, 107, 111, 117
Townshend Revenue Act (1767), 5, 15, 19
trade: see intercontinental trade
the Train, 6, 14, 45
Treaty of New York, 208
Trescott, Lemuel, 14
Trumball, John, 33
United States, 55–6, 111, 169, 176–7, 209, 212, 216, 227, 231–3
formal recognition of, 55–6, 111, 169, 232
and innovation, 216
neutrality policy, 212
U.S. army: see battles
Continental army
&
nbsp; U.S. Arsenal in Springfield, 86–7, 187, 196
U.S. Congress, 206–7, 214–16, 221, 232
U.S. Constitution, 169, 177, 194–201, 203, 205, 210, 252, 255–7
U.S. Department of Navy, 233
U.S. Department of War, 205, 209, 211, 213, 215, 217–18, 252, 255. See also frigates
U.S. Navy
U.S. House of Representatives, 209, 213, 215, 232
U.S. military, 187, 190–2
U.S. Military Academy at West Point, 64, 136, 183, 243–4, 252
U.S. Military Philosophical Society, 243–4
U.S. Navy, 213–16, 221, 232, 248–9, 252, 256
U.S. Senate, 205–6, 228
U.S. Supreme Court, 206
Vermont, 28
Virginia, 19, 75, 115, 125, 168, 175–8, 195, 203, 210, 218, 225
von Steuben, Frederick William August, 126, 139, 174
Waldo, Samuel, 189–90
Waldo patent, 189–90, 193, 200, 217, 225
War of 1812, 216
Ward, Artemas, 27–8, 30
Warren, Joseph, 23–4, 28, 30
Washington, George, vi, 30–5, 37–9, 43–5, 50–8, 60–9, 72–80, 82–90, 92–4, 97–110, 112–16, 119–22, 124–32, 134–7, 139–55, 157–8, 160–72, 175, 177–81, 183–8, 194–201, 203–12, 215, 218–23, 226–31, 233–8, 240–2, 251–3, 255
and the Constitutional Convention, 194–200, 255
character, 30, 34, 186, 220, 230–1
on decapitation of King George III statue, 54
death of, 241
exit from army, 186
financial solvency, 220
on Alexander Hamilton, 234
and Henry Knox, see Knox-Washington relationship
on national government, 188
on attacking Philadelphia, 114–15
as president, 204–6
presidential cabinet, 206, 209
response to Newburgh Address, 179–80
title of, 55–6. See also Conway Cabal
Washington, Martha, 42, 117, 123, 161
Waters, Josiah, 32
Wayne, Anthony, 104, 107, 109, 153, 216
weather, 36–41, 59, 74–6, 82, 98, 102, 105–6, 108–10, 112, 119, 127, 130–1, 133–4, 137, 141, 152, 162–3
Webster, Daniel, 187
West Point, 143–9, 171–2, 176, 183–4, 187, 190, 252
Whigs, 5, 7, 12, 16, 21
Whiskey Rebellion, 217–21
White, Hugh, 8–10
White, Phillip, 170
Williams, Jonathan, 243–4
Wright & Gill, 18–19
XYZ Affair, 231–3
Yorktown: see battles, Yorktown