Pages 414–8 Flowers on D-Day deadline: Copeland (ed.), Colossus, p.80.
Page 415 Pat Wright: interview with Pat Bing, May 1998.
Pages 416–9 Bill Bundy on D-Day: Smith, Station X, pp.206–207.
Pages 417–60 Garbo messages on D-Day and Hitler: Howard, British Intelligence, Vol. 5, pp.188–9.
Page 418 Bussey on importance of Ultra to Fortitude: Smith, Station X, p.208.
Pages 419–61 Williams on Ultra contribution: TNA PRO WO 208/3575, Williams, The Use of Ultra.
Pages 420–2 Jones: TNA PRO HW 3/125, Eric Jones, Memo to All Hut 3 Personnel, 6 June 1944.
Pages 421–3 Birch intercept decision and Hinsley: Hinsley, British Intelligence, Vol. 3, Pt 1, pp.129, 784.
Pages 422–4 Bussey and Bennett: Smith, Station X, pp.209–10.
Pages 423–5 Germans realise Red is compromised: TNA PRO HW 14/108, Milner-Barry, Compromise of Red, 9 July 1944.
Page 424 Fish changing daily and new Colossi: Erskine & Smith (eds), Bletchley Park Codebreakers, p.303; Smith, Station X, p.211.
Pages 425–6 Dakin on Stauffenberg plot: Hinsley & Stripp, Codebreakers, p.56.
Page 426 Norland: Smith, Station X, pp.212–3.
Pages 427–8 Prestwich: interview with John Prestwich, May 1998.
Page 428 Wenham: interview with Susan Wenham, May 1998.
Pages 429–70 Bennett on Market Garden: Ralph Bennett, Ultra in the West, Hutchinson, London, 1979, p.148.
Page 430 Rose on Ardennes: interview with Jim Rose, May 1998.
Pages 431–2 Bennett on Ardennes: Smith, Station X, p.217.
Page 432 Damage to Fish intercept site at Genval: TNA PRO HW 3/163, Kenworthy, History of interception of German teleprinter communications.
Page 433 Donald Michie: Smith, Station X, pp.218–9.
Pages 434–4 Double Cross on V-weapons (Operation Crossbow): Smith, Foley, p.229.
Pages 435–5 Calder: conversations and correspondence with Rosemary Merry, July 1999 and January 2000.
Pages 436–6 Petrides: letter from Anne Petrides dated 20 November 1999.
Pages 437–8 Humble: letter from Olive Humble dated 11 July 1999.
Page 438 Bletchley contribution during advance into Germany: TNA PRO HW 43/70, History of Hut 6, p.120; Hinsley, British Intelligence, Vol. 3, Pt 2, pp.845–54; Oakley, War Diaries, pp.162–71.
Page 439 Aitken quote: TNA PRO HW 43/70, History of Hut 6, p.120.
Pages 440–81 Briggs: Asa Briggs, Secret Days: Codebreaking in Bletchley Park, Frontline, Barnsley, 2011, p.124.
Page 441 Stuart Milner-Barry: TNA PRO HW 43/70, History of Hut 6, p.21.
Pages 442–2 Travis special order dated 8 May 1945: TNA PRO HW 14/140.
Page 443 Kennedy: Kennedy Diaries, 28 June 1945.
Page 444 Calder: conversations and correspondence with Rosemary Merry, July 1999 and February 2000.
Page 445 Army-Air message detailing effects of bomb and lack of need for bomb: Smith, Emperor’s Codes, p.274.
Pages 446–4 Humble: letter from Olive Humble dated 11 July 1999.
Page 447 For an examination of the decrypts of the Yugoslav resistance see Erskine & Smith, Bletchley Park Codebreakers, pp.217–39.
Pages 448–7 Bill Williams: TNA PRO WO 208/3575, Williams, The Use of Ultra.
Page 449 Eisenhower message: TNA PRO HW 14/140, Eisenhower to Menzies, 12 July 1945.
Pages 450–8 For a detailed description of the respective US and UK successes against Japanese codes and cyphers see Smith, Emperor’s Codes.
Page 451 Anyone wanting to learn more about Knox should read Mavis Batey’s wonderfully affectionate biography Dilly: The Man Who Broke Enigmas, published in paperback by Dialogue.
Pages 452–90 Tiltman: Erskine & Freeman, ‘Brigadier John Tiltman: One of Britain’s Finest Cryptologists’.
Page 453 Alexander on Turing: TNA PRO HW 25/1, Alexander, Cryptographic History of Work on the German Naval Enigma, pp.42–3.
Pages 454–2 Information on Hugh Alexander: Harry Golombek, ‘Alexander, (Conel) Hugh O’Donel (1909–1974)’, rev. Ralph Erskine, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2008
Page 455 More than 10,000 at Bletchley: TNA PRO HW 14/154, Personnel at BP, 14 January 1945. Intercept sites: HW 14/114, Y Stations at 19 October 1944.
Page 456 Hinsley: Smith, Station X, p.232.
Page 457 Alexander on Bletchley work: TNA PRO HW 25/1, Alexander, Cryptographic History of Work on the German Naval Enigma, p.85.
Page 458 Bill Bundy: Smith, Station X, pp.177,228–9.
INDEX
Abernethy, Barbara on work at GC&CS 1
on life at Bletchley Park 1, 2, 3
on arrival of female volunteers 1
and arrival of American delegation 1
on cultural life of Bletchley Park 1
and relations with Americans 1
Abwehr Enigma 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Adcock, F.E. 1, 2
Admiralty relations with Bletchley Park 1, 2, 3
Aitken, J.M. ‘Max’ 1, 2
Alexander, Harold 1, 2
Alexander, Hugh 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Ardennes offensive 1
Ardour House 1
Arnhem, Battle of 1
Asche (Hans Thilo Schmidt) 1, 2
Auchinleck, Claude 1, 2, 3, 4
Avranches attack 1
Babbage, Dennis 1, 2
Baily, Joan 1
Banbury sheets 1, 2
Banburismus process 1
Batey, Keith 1
Battle of Britain 1
Baudot system 1
Beesly, Patrick 1, 2
Benenson, Peter 1
Bennett, Ralph 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
Bertrand, Gustave 1, 2, 3, 4
Birch, Frank and Room 40 1
on work at Bletchley Park 1
on decyphered messages 1
on Bletchley Air Section 1
and breaking of Naval Enigma 1, 2
on relations with Admiralty 1, 2
and Operation Ruthless 1
and Shark cypher 1
and D-Day landings 1
Birley, Maxime 1
Bismarck sinking of 1
Blandy, Lyster 1, 2, 3
Bletchley Park building of 1
description of 1
bought by Sir Hugh Sinclair 1
GC&CS move to 1, 2, 3
early life in 1, 2
MI6 moves out of 1
secrecy in 1
and Y Service intercept stations 1
military mistrust of 1, 2
concerns on mixed-sex working 1
and German plans to invade
Britain 1
Home Guard set up at 1
and Battle of Britain 1
hit in bombing raid 1
and breaking of Naval Enigma 1, 2
and arrival of Wrens 1, 2
and breaking of Italian Enigma 1
and sinking of Bismarck 1
intercepts messages on massacre of Jews 1
visited by Winston Churchill 1
expansion of 1, 2
discipline at 1
relations with the United States 1, 2, 3
and Double Cross system 1
cultural life at 1
reorganisation of 1, 2
and Shark cypher 1
numbers of women at 1
and North African campaign 1, 2
and Operation Mincemeat 1, 2
breaks Hitler’s radio teleprinter system 1
and Robinson machine 1
and growth of Japanese sections 1, 2
and D-Day 1, 2, 3, 4
intercepts message about
attempted assassination of Hitler 1
and German attack through Avranches 1
and Battle of Arnhem 1
and Ardennes offensive 1
and V-weapon launch sites
1
and end of war in Europe 1
and Japanese surrender 1
contribution to war effort 1, 2
Bletchley Park Control 1
Boase, Tom 1
Bombe mechanism 1 devised by Alan Turing 1
description of 1
and Naval Enigma 1, 2, 3
and Banburismus process 1
operated by Wrens 1
and Shark cypher 1, 2
Bomby mechanism 1
Bonsall, Bill 1, 2
Bostock, Jocelyn 1
Bowlby, Cuthbert 1
Bradley, Omar 1
Briggs, Asa 1, 2
Brooke, Sir Alan 1
Brooke-Rose, Pamela 1, 2
Brown cypher 1, 2
Brown, Tommy 1
Browning, Elizabeth 1
Bruford, W.H. 1
BRUSA agreement 1
Bundy, Bill 1, 2, 3
Bureau Szyfrow 1, 2
Bussey, Don 1, 2
Cairncross, John 1
Calder, Rosemary 1
Campbell, A.H. ‘Archie’ 1
Campbell-Harris, Jean 1
‘Captain Ridley’s Shooting Party’ 1, 2
Chaffinch cypher 1, 2, 3, 4
Chamberlain, Neville 1, 2, 3, 4
Charlesworth, Martin 1
Cholmondley, Charles 1, 2
Churchill, Winston sets up Room 40 1
interest in Bletchley Park 1
Battle of Britain speech 1
and massacres of Jews 1, 2, 3
visits Bletchley Park 1
orders more resources for
Bletchley Park 1
and North African campaign 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Cillies 1
Clarke, Diana Russell 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Clarke, Joan 1
Clarke, William ‘Nobby’ and Room 40 1
on GC&CS 1
sets up Naval Section in GC&CS 1, 2
on move to Bletchley Park 1
codebreaking early history of 1
in First World War 1
Cohen, Jonathan 1
Colossus building of 1
and Tunny cypher 1
updated version built 1
growth in use of 1
Column BQ 1
Combined Bureau Middle-East (CBME) 1
Computor Clerks 1, 2
‘contact analysis’ method 1
Cooper, Joshua ‘Josh’ 1 recruited to GC&CS 1
on GC&CS training 1
and air codebreaking section 1
on German cyphers 1
on work at GC&CS 1
on move to Bletchley Park 1
on liaison with Deuxième Bureau 1
on recruitment drive 1, 2
on secrecy at Bletchley Park 1, 2
on Y Service intercept stations 1, 2
and work with Air Intelligence 1, 2
description of 1
and training of Japanese linguists 1
Coventry bombing raid 1
Crete, invasion of 1
cribs, use of 1, 2, 3
Cromwell, Oliver 1
Cunningham, Sir Andrew 1
Cunningham, Charles 1, 2
Currer-Briggs, Noel 1, 2, 3
Currier, Prescott 1, 2
Curzon, Lord 1
D-Day and Bletchley Park 1, 2, 3, 4
and Double Cross deception 1, 2
Dakin, Alex 1, 2
Davies, Gwen 1, 2
Davies, Jean Faraday 1
de Grey, Nigel and Room 40 1
on move to Bletchley Park 1
on weaknesses in Enigma 1
on distribution of decyphered
messages 1, 2
on procedures in Hut 3 1
on planned invasion of Britain 1
and massacre of Jews 1, 2
on Hut 3 1
and reorganisation of Bletchley
Park 1
and Operation Torch 1
and Lorenz machine 1
Dee, John 1
Denniston, Alastair 1, 2 and Room 40 1
and GC&CS 1, 2
and liaison with Deuxième Bureau 1, 2
starts recruitment through
universities 1, 2
and breaking of Naval Enigma 1
and recruitment problems 1
and arrival of American delegation 1
and Dilly Knox 1, 2
criticisms of approach 1, 2
moved from Bletchley Park 1
Deuxième Bureau 1
Dockyard cypher 1
Dolphin cypher 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Dönitz, Admiral 1, 2
Double Cross system 1 and Operation Mincemeat 1
and D-Day preparations 1, 2
Double Playfair transposition system 1, 2, 3
Dryden, Henry 1, 2, 3
Eachus, Joe 1, 2
Edward II, King 1
Eisenhower, Dwight 1, 2
el Alamein, Battle of 1
Elizabeth I, Queen 1
Elmer’s School 1, 2
Enigma machine used by German navy 1
offered to British armed forces 1, 2
description of 1
joint attempt by British and
French to break 1
clones given to British and French 1
and use of Cillies 1
weaknesses in 1
attempts to break by hand 1
details given to Americans 1, 2
changed by Admiral Dönitz 1
fourth wheel added 1
and traffic analysis 1
Ewing, Sir Alfred 1
Far East Combined Bureau 1, 2
Farrell, Adrienne 1
Fasson, Anthony 1
Fetterlein, Ernst 1
Filby, William 1
Fillingham, George 1
First World War codebreaking in 1
Fleming, Ian 1, 2
Flowers, Tommy 1, 2
Foley, Frank 1
Foreign Office takes control of GC&CS 1
Forster, Leonard 1
Fortitude South deception 1
Foss, Hugh and Enigma machine 1, 2
and liaison with Deuxième Bureau 1
description of 1
France, invasion of 1, 2, 3
Freeborn, Frederic 1
Freyberg, Bernard 1
Friendly, Alfred 1
Fusion Room (Hut 3) 1
Gambier-Parry, Richard 1
Garbo (Juan García Pujol) 1, 2, 3
‘gardening’ 1
Gibson, Pamela 1
Gill, E.W.B. 1, 2
Glorious, HMS 1
Godfrey, John 1
Golombek, Harry 1
Government Code & Cipher School (GC&CS) 1 creation of 1
early development of 1
early recruitment to 1
and Soviet Union 1
training in 1
and use of military intelligence 1
and resurgence of Germany 1
move to Bletchley Park 1, 2, 3
at Broadway Buildings 1
liaison with Deuxième Bureau 1
liaison with Bureau Szyfrow 1, 2
starts to use mathematicians 1
recruitment drive starts 1
ignores German material 1
plans to evacuate 1
Grazier, Colin 1
Green, Edward 1
Halcrow, Marjorie 1
Halder, Franz 1
Halton, Ken 1
Harding, Ann 1
Harvie-Watt, George 1
Headlam, Walter 1
Herbert, Fanny 1
Herivel, John breaks Red cypher 1
on invasion of Crete 1
meets Winston Churchill 1
and Shark cypher 1
Heydrich, Reinhard 1
Hilton, Peter 1, 2, 3
Hinsley, Harry 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Hiroshi, Oshima 1, 2
Hitler, Adolf assassination attempt on 1
Holden, Carl F. 1
Holden Understanding 1
/> Hollerith tabulating machines 1
Howard, Jean 1
Humble, Olive 1, 2
Humphreys, Robert 1
Hut 3 formed 1
and invasion of Norway 1, 2
keeps codebreaking secret 1
and translating from German 1, 2
and start of Ultra 1
procedures changed in 1
and invasion of Crete 1
struggle for control over 1
Eric Jones put in charge of 1
and North African campaign 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
and traffic analysis 1
Fusion Room in 1
and Tunny cypher 1
KGB spy in 1
Hut 4 Naval Section moves into 1
relations with Admiralty 1
and Naval Enigma section 1
and North African campaign 1
Hut 6 work in starts 1
becomes ‘barred zone’ 1
secrecy in 1
and Y Service intercept stations 1
decyphering of messages in 1
breaks Yellow cypher 1
and invasion of Norway 1
procedures changed in 1
breaks Brown cypher 1
and Red cypher 1
and invasion of Crete 1
and Abwehr Enigma 1
and North African campaign 1, 2, 3
Hut 7 and Purple diplomatic cypher 1
Hut 8 and Navel Enigma section moves 1, 2
and Barburismus process 1
and Shark cypher 1, 2, 3, 4
and North African campaign 1
Illicit Services Oliver Strachey (ISOS) 1, 2
Ismay, ‘Pug’ 1
Italian Enigma breaking of 1
Jacob, Freddie 1, 2, 3
Jeckeln, Friedrich 1, 2, 3, 4
Jeffreys, John 1, 2
Jenkins, Roy 1, 2
Jeschonnek, Hans 1
Jews messages of massacres picked up 1
Jones, Eric 1, 2, 3
Jones, R.V. 1, 2, 3
Jopson, Norman Brooke 1
Jumbos building of starts 1
The Secrets of Station X Page 33