Katharina and Martin Luther
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8. Philip Melanchthon.
9. George Major and Ambrose Berndt were friends of Luther and professors at the University of Wittenberg.
10. Arnstadt was in Greussen, the district Luther had just written about. When Luther says the devil was driven out of the girl in “a truly Christian way,” he means the pastor did not use the dramatic papal rite of exorcism, but the simpler practice of exorcism advocated by Luther.
11. “The baccalaureus” refers to Luther’s oldest son, Hans, who had graduated in 1539 with a bachelor of arts from the University of Wittenberg. It’s not clear who “Marushe” refers to—perhaps it is an allusion to Luther’s daughter Margarete, whom he occasionally called “Marussala.”
12. Paul Eber, Latin professor at Wittenberg University and a close friend of Melanchthon, had traveled with Luther to Weimar to visit his gravely ill friend.
13. Doctor Severus or Schiefer refers to Wolfgang Schiefer, who was originally from Austria and had been a student at Wittenberg University. He lived with the Luthers for at least a year.
14. Lycaon was Luther’s nickname for his servant, Wolfgang Seberger—named after Lycaon the Wolf in Greek mythology.
15. Luther is referring to a treatment he underwent from time to time, in which he used an abrasive stone to make and keep an open wound in his left calf, which by oozing was supposed to offer relief from numerous ailments, including headaches and high blood pressure. His friend Justas Jonas had injured his own leg, which Luther jokes was an intentional ploy for attention.
Selected Bibliography
The following is a partial list of sources, organized thematically, that were used in researching this book. This bibliography does not include any works by Martin Luther; those are listed in the endnotes.
Biographies of Martin Luther
Bainton, Roland. Here I Stand: A Life of Martin Luther. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1950.
Boehmer, Heinrich. Martin Luther: Road to Reformation. Translated from the German by John W. Doberstein and Theodore G. Tappert. Cleveland: World Publishing Company, 1957.
Currie, Margaret, trans. The Letters of Martin Luther. London: MacMillan and Company, 1908.
Fife, Robert Herndon. Young Luther: The Intellectual and Religious Development of Martin Luther to 1518. New York: AMS Press, Inc., 1970.
Friedenthal, Richard. Luther: His Life and Times. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1967.
Karant-Nunn, Susan C., and Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks, eds. and trans. Luther on Women: A Sourcebook. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Kindle edition.
Kittelson, James M. Luther the Reformer: The Story of the Man and His Career. Minneapolis: Augsburg Publishing House, 1986.
Manns, Peter. Martin Luther: An Illustrated Biography. New York: Crossroads, 1982.
Marius, Richard. Martin Luther: The Christian between God and Death. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999.
Oberman, Heiko A. Luther: Man between God and the Devil. New York: Doubleday, 1992.
Ozment, Steven. The Serpent and the Lamb: Cranach, Luther, and the Making of the Reformation. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2012.
Simon, Edith. Luther Alive: Martin Luther and the Making of the Reformation. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1968.
Biographies of Katharina von Bora
Bainton, Roland. Women of the Reformation in Germany and Italy. Minneapolis: Augsburg Publishing House, 1971.
Kroker, Ernst. Mother of the Reformation: The Amazing Life and Story of Katharine Luther. Translated by Mark E. DeGarmeaux. St. Louis: Concordia, 2013.
Markwald, Rudolf K., and Marilynn Morris Markwald. Katharina von Bora: A Reformation Life. St. Louis: Concordia, 2002.
Smith, Jeanette C. “Katharina von Bora through Five Centuries: A Historiography.” Sixteenth Century Journal 30, no. 3 (1999): 745–74.
Treu, Martin. “Katharina von Bora: The Woman at Luther’s Side.” Lutheran Quarterly XIII (1999): 157.
Daily Life in Early Modern Germany
Albala, Ken. Cooking in Europe: 1250–1650. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2006.
Anderson, James M. Daily Life during the Reformation. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2011.
Gordon, Bruce. The Place of the Dead: Death and Remembrance in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
Roeck, Bernd. Civic Culture and Everyday Life in Early Modern Germany. Leiden: Brill, 2006.
Singman, Jeffrey L. Daily Life in Medieval Europe. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1999.
Marriage and Family Life
Harrington, Joel F. Reordering Marriage and Society in Reformation Germany. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
Karant-Nunn, Susan. The Reformation of Ritual: An Interpretation of Early Modern Germany. New York: Routledge, 1997.
Miller, Naomi J., and Naomi Yavnew, eds. Gender and Early Modern Constructions of Childhood. Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing Company, 2011.
Ozment, Steven. Flesh and Spirit: Private Life in Early Modern Germany. New York: Penguin Books, 1999.
———. Magdalena and Balthasar: An Intimate Portrait of Life in 16th-Century Europe Revealed in the Letters of a Nuremberg Husband and Wife. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986.
———. When Fathers Ruled: Family Life in Reformation Europe. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1983.
Roper, Lyndal. “Going to Church and Street: Weddings in Reformation Augsburg.” Past and Present 106 (Feb. 1985): 62–101.
———. The Holy Household: Religion, Morals and Order in Reformation Augsburg. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989.
Strauss, Gerald. Luther’s House of Learning: Indoctrination of the Young in the German Reformation. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978.
Wiesner, Merry E. “Family Household and Community.” In Handbook of European History, 1400–1600, vol. 1, edited by Thomas A. Brady Jr., Heiko A. Oberman, and James D. Tracy. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1996.
Medicine
Leong, Elaine, and Alisha Rankin, eds. Secrets and Knowledge in Medicine and Science, 1500–1800. Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing Company, 2011.
Lindemann, Mary. Medicine and Society in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Siraisi, Nancy G. Medieval and Early Renaissance Medicine: An Introduction to Knowledge and Practice. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990.
Women in the Middle Ages, the Reformation, and Early Modern Europe/Germany
Cavallo, Sandra, and Lyndan Warner, eds. Widowhood in Medieval and Early Modern Europe. New York: Pearson Education Limited, 1999.
Gies, Frances, and Joseph Gies. Women in the Middle Ages. New York: HarperCollins, 1978.
Marshall, Sherrin, ed. Women in Reformation and Counter-Reformation Europe: Public and Private Worlds. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1989.
Wiesner, Merry E. Gender, Church and State in Early Modern Germany: Essays by Merry E. Wiesner. London: Addison Wesley Longman Limited, 1998.
———. Women and Gender in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
———. Working Women in Renaissance Germany. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1986.
Wilson, Katharina, ed. Women Writers of the Renaissance and Reformation. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 1987.
Monastic Life
Burton, Janet, and Julie Kerr. The Cistercians in the Middle Ages. Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK; Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2011.
Hamburger, Jeffrey F., and Susan Marti, eds. Crown and Veil: Female Monasticism from the Fifth to the Fifteenth Centuries. New York: Columbia University Press, 2008.
Kerr, Julie. Life in the Medieval Cloister. New York: Continuum US, 2009.
Lawrence, C. H. Medieval Monasticism: Forms of Religious Life in Western Europe in the Middle Ages. London: Longman Group LTD, 1984.
Leonard, Amy. Nails in the Wall: Catholic Nuns in Reformation Germany. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005.
Luebke, David, and Mary Lindemann, eds. Mixed Matches: Transgressive Unions in Germany from the Reformation to the Enlightenment. New York: Berghahn Books, 2014.
Pirckheimer, Caritas. A Journal of the Reformation Years, 1524–1528. Rochester, NY: D. S. Brewer, 2006.
Plummer, Marjorie Elizabeth. “‘Partner in His Calamities’: Pastors’ Wives, Married Nuns and the Experience of Clerical Marriage in the Early German Reformation.” Gender and History 20, no. 2 (August 2008): 207–27.
Wiesner-Hanks, Merry, ed. and introduction. Convents Confront the Reformation: Catholic and Protestant Nuns in Germany. Milwaukee: Marquette University Press, 1998.
Woodford, Charlotte. Nuns as Historians in Early Modern Germany. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
Medieval/Reformation History
Barstow, Anne Llewellyn. Witchcraze: A New History of the European Witch Hunts. San Francisco: HarperCollins, 1994.
MacCulloch, Diarmaid. The Reformation. New York: Viking, 2003.
Mackay, Christopher. The Hammer of Witches: A Complete Translation of the Malleus Maleficarum. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
Makinen, Virpi, ed. Lutheran Reformation and the Law. Leiden: Brill, 2006.
Tentler, Thomas N. Sin and Confession on the Eve of the Reformation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1977.
Wandel, Lee Palmer. The Reformation: Towards a New History. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
Michelle DeRusha is the author of 50 Women Every Christian Should Know and the memoir Spiritual Misfit. She writes a monthly column about religion and spirituality for the Lincoln Journal Star, as well as a weekly blog at www.MichelleDeRusha.com. She lives with her husband and their two boys in Lincoln, Nebraska.
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