Herbert Hoover
Page 52
17. Gary Dean Best, “Herbert Hoover and the Great Debates in Foreign Policy, 1940–1941 and 1950–1951,” in Understanding Herbert Hoover: Ten Perspectives, ed. Lee Nash (Stanford, CA, 1987), 113.
18. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 274.
19. Ibid., 274–75; Walch and Miller, Hoover and Roosevelt, 171–79; Hal Elliott Wert, Hoover: The Fishing President: Portrait of the Private Man and His Life Outdoors (Mechanicsburg, PA, 2005), 268–69.
20. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 277–78; Burner, Hoover: A Public Life, 333; Lyons, Hoover: A Biography, 359–60; Mayer, Lou Henry Hoover, 319–20; Walch and Miller, Hoover and Roosevelt, 181–83.
21. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 279.
22. Hoover, Freedom Betrayed, xlvii.
23. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 125.
24. Ibid., 126.
25. Ibid., 103–4; Harold Wolfe, Herbert Hoover: Public Servant and Leader of the Loyal Opposition (New York, 1956), 381–83; Walch and Miller, Hoover and Roosevelt, 181.
26. Ibid., 114–15; Wert, Hoover: The Fishing President, 267.
27. Ibid., 126.
28. Ibid., 104–6.
29. Hoover, Freedom Betrayed, xliii–xliv; Wolfe, Hoover: Public Servant, 385–86.
30. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 288.
31. Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 2:167–70, 172–73; Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 150.
32. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 289.
33. Ibid., 290.
34. Hoover, The Crusade Years, 489–91.
35. Hoover, Freedom Betrayed, xliv–xlvi.
36. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 290.
37. Hoover, The Crusade Years, 445–47, 454.
38. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 306.
39. Sketch of Herbert Hoover composed for the Associated Press, 1945, 7, Biographical Sketches of Hoover, PPP, Box 39, 1940–49, HHPL.
Chapter 14. The Maelstrom of War
1. Herbert Hoover, Freedom Betrayed: Herbert Hoover’s Secret History of the Second World War and Its Aftermath, ed. George H. Nash (Stanford, CA, 2011), lvi.
2. Ibid., lvii.
3. Richard Norton Smith, An Uncommon Man: The Triumph of Herbert Hoover (New York, 1984), 318.
4. Ibid., 317–19; Hoover, Freedom Betrayed, lvii, lix. Hoover had also been considered an internationalist during his own presidency, viewed by his own party as excessively liberal because of his support for the League of Nations and his backing of the regulation of American business. Many former Progressives, in fact, became opponents of the New Deal.
5. Gary Dean Best, Herbert Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, vol. 1, 1933–1945 (Stanford, CA, 1983), 207, 210, 221; Gary Dean Best, The Life of Herbert Hoover, 1933–1964: Keeper of the Torch (New York, 2013), 236–38.
6. Activities in World War II, Biographical Sketches of Hoover, Box 34, 1931–39, 2, Herbert Hoover Presidential Library (cited hereafter as HHPL).
7. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 234–35.
8. Sonja Schoeph Wentling and Rafael Medoff, Herbert Hoover and the Jews (Washington, DC, 2005), 115–18.
9. Ibid., 135, 137, 144–45.
10. Best, Herbert Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, vol. 1; Smith, An Uncommon Man, 310–11.
11. Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 1:207.
12. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 193–209.
13. Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 1:213.
14. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 316; Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 1:213–16.
15. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 212.
16. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 213, 246.
17. Ibid., 244–48; Smith, An Uncommon Man, 332–33; PPP, Box 39, 1940–49, Biographical Sketches of Hoover, 7–8, HHPL.
18. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 338; Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 1:260; Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 249–50.
19. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 332–33.
20. Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 1:247–50.
21. Nancy Beck Young, Lou Henry Hoover: Activist First Lady (Lawrence, KS, 2004), 293.
22. Ibid., 110, 170–83; David Burner, Herbert Hoover: A Public Life (New York, 1979), 334.
23. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 241–42; Sketch of Hoover, PPP, Box 39, Biographical Sketches of Hoover, 1940–49, 8, HHPL; Dale Mayer, Lou Henry Hoover: A Prototype for First Ladies (New York, 2004), 330–31.
24. Alfred Steinberg, Herbert Hoover (New York, 1967), 243.
25. Young, Lou Henry Hoover, 186; Smith, An Uncommon Man, 329.
26. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 329–30; Helen B. Pryor, Lou Henry Hoover: Gallant First Lady (New York, 1969), 251.
27. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 20.
28. Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 1:262–63.
29. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 252–53.
30. Ibid., 256.
31. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 349–50; Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 269–70; Clair Everett Nelsen, “The Image of Herbert Hoover as Reflected in the American Press” (PhD diss., Stanford University, 1956), 185–87.
32. Biographical Sketches of Hoover, 1931–39, Box 34, 2, HHPL; Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 256–58.
33. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 269–70.
34. Boys Clubs of America Annual Report, 1945, Post-Presidential Papers (hereafter cited as PPP), Box 75, Boys Clubs of America (BCA) Correspondence, Armstrong, David, 1945, June–July, n.d., June; Elmer R. Murphy to Hoover, November 29, 1937, PPP, Box 71, BCA, Corres.; Hoover to Edwin S. Webster, February 8, 1943, PPP, Box 72, BCA, Corres., General, 1943; Hoover to Paul Mellon, May 4, 1943; D. D. Shepard to Hoover, May 18, 1943, PPP, Box 77, BCA, Corres., Hall, William E., May 1943–December 1944; A Brief Report of the Executive Director to the Board of Directors, Corres., Armstrong, David, n.d. May 1942–December 1942.
Chapter 15. The Truman Years
1. Richard Norton Smith, An Uncommon Man: The Triumph of Herbert Hoover (New York, 1984), 341.
2. Ibid.
3. Gary Dean Best, Herbert Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, vol. 1, 1933–1945 (Stanford, CA, 1983), 269–71; Herbert Hoover, Freedom Betrayed: Herbert Hoover’s Secret History of the Second World War and Its Aftermath, ed. George H. Nash (Stanford, CA, 2011), 535–38; Gary Dean Best, The Life of Herbert Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 1933–1964 (Stanford, CA, 2013), 262–65.
4. Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 1:269–70.
5. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 270; Joan Hoff, Herbert Hoover: Forgotten Progressive (Boston, 1975), 255; David Burner, Herbert Hoover: A Public Life (New York, 1979), 335.
6. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 267–68.
7. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 341; Timothy Walch and Dwight M. Miller, eds., Herbert Hoover and Harry S. Truman: A Documentary History (Worland, WY, 1992), 4–5; Steinberg, Herbert Hoover, 240; Sketch of Hoover, Post-Presidential Papers (hereafter cited as PPP), Box 39, Biographical Sketches of Hoover, 1940–49, Herbert Hoover Presidential Library (cited hereafter as HHPL).
8. Burner, Hoover: A Public Life, 335; Walch and Miller, Hoover and Truman, 44–47.
9. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 281–85; Smith, An Uncommon Man, 351; Steinberg, Herbert Hoover, 240–41; Walch and Miller, Hoover and Truman, 10–13; Clair Everett Nelsen, “The Image of Herbert Hoover as Reflected in the American Press” (PhD diss., Stanford University, 1956), 190–91; David Hinshaw, Herbert Hoover: American Quaker (New York, 1950), 330–33.
10. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 285.
11. Ibid., 285–86.
12. Ibid., 286–87.
13. Ibid., 290; Gary Dean Best, Herbert Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 1933–1964, vol. 2 (Stanford, CA, 1983), 291–93; Eugene Lyons, Herbert Hoover: A Biography (New York,
1964), 388–90.
14. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 290–91; Wolfe, Hoover: Public Servant and Leader of the Loyal Opposition (New York, 1956), 421–22, 426.
15. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 291–92.
16. Steinberg, Herbert Hoover, 242; Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 298–301; Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 2:298–301; Hoover, The Crusade Years, 263–64.
17. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 298–301; Walch and Miller, Hoover and Truman, 14–15, 188–226, 247–50; Joan Hoff, Hoover: Forgotten Progressive, 258–64. For a detailed account see Louis P. Lochner, Herbert Hoover and Germany (New York, 1960).
18. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 302–3; Smith, An Uncommon Man, 344–47.
19. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 312; Hoff, Hoover: Forgotten Progressive, 258–60; Smith, An Uncommon Man, 366–70; Walch and Miller, Hoover and Truman, 118–26, 247–50.
20. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 311–14; Hoff, 258–59; Wolfe, Hoover: Public Servant, 427.
21. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 314–15.
22. Ibid., 315–16. See also Smith, An Uncommon Man, 366–70.
23. Hinshaw, Hoover: American Quaker, 336–44; Smith, An Uncommon Man, 372–75; Lyons, Hoover: A Biography, 397–99.
24. Kendrick A. Clements, Hoover, Conservation, and Consumerism: Engineering the Good Life (Lawrence, KS, 2000), 200–201; Lyons, Hoover: A Biography, 400–402.
25. Hoff, Hoover: Forgotten Progressive, 264–65; Smith, An Uncommon Man, 388–91.
26. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 294–97, 317, 326, 327; Wolfe, Hoover: Public Servant, 423; Hoover, The Crusade Years, 262–63.
27. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 327–29; Hoover, The Crusade Years, 272–73.
28. Hoover, The Crusade Years, 275–76; Smith, An Uncommon Man, 377; Wolfe, Hoover: Public Servant, 428–30.
29. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 330–32; Hoover, The Crusade Years, 276–77; Wolfe, Hoover: Public Servant, 429–30.
30. Hoover, The Crusade Years, 286–89.
31. Ibid., 295, 309–13; Wolfe, Hoover: Public Servant, 440–42.
32. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 359–64.
33. Ibid., 428; Smith, An Uncommon Man, 421; Walch and Miller, Hoover and Truman, includes numerous fond letters between the ex-presidents, 211–40, and a kind eulogy to Hoover by Truman in June 1965.
34. Mark Sullivan, quoted in Hoover, The Crusade Years, 260–61.
Chapter 16. The Republicans Return to Power
1. Richard Norton Smith, An Uncommon Man: The Triumph of Herbert Hoover (New York, 1984), 397; Gary Dean Best, Herbert Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, vol. 2, 1946–1964 (Stanford, CA, 1983), 358.
2. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 397.
3. For the negotiations between Hoover and Lodge over the seating of delegates see Telegram, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., to Press, June 24, 1952, Post-Presidential Papers (hereafter cited as PPP), Box 102, Campaign, 1951–52; Hoover to Lodge, June 26, 1952, PPP, Box 102, Campaign, 1951–52; Lodge to Hoover, July 1, 1952, PPP, Box 102, Campaign, 1951–52, Herbert Hoover Presidential Library (cited hereafter as HHPL); Smith, An Uncommon Man, 397–99.
4. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 399.
5. Unmarked clipping, PPP, Box 34, Biographical Material, 1933–64, HHPL.
6. Robert C. Ruark, “Herbert Hoover Is Our Real Mr. Republican,” Washington News, July 9, 1952, PPP, Box 102, Campaign, 1951–52, Printed Material and Clippings, HHPL.
7. Wall Street Journal, July 15, 1952, PPP, Box 102, Campaign, 1951–52, Printed Material and Clippings, HHPL.
8. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 399–400.
9. Ibid., 400.
10. Ibid., 401.
11. Tract, “Change Back to What?” [1952], Democratic Party, PPP, Box 102, Printed Material, HHPL.
12. New York Times, October 24, 1952, PPP, Box 102, Campaign of 1951–52, Printed Material and Clippings, HHPL.
13. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 399–401; W. D. C. McPeeley to Hoover, October 11, 1952, PPP, Box 102, Campaign 1951–52, Corres.; J. H. Redhead, Managing Director, National Association of Manufacturers, to Hoover, August 23, 1951, HHPL.
14. Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 2:364; Smith, An Uncommon Man, 401–3.
15. Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 2:365, 366, 371, 375.
16. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 407; Gary Dean Best, The Life of Herbert Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 1933–1964 (New York, 2013), 387, 388. The quote is from Best.
17. Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 392, 398.
18. Ibid., 417.
19. Ibid., 398, 399, 400, 401. Quote on 404.
20. Ibid., 405.
21. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 408; Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 407–8.
22. Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 2:372, 398, 399, 400, 401.
23. Ibid., 2:402; Smith, An Uncommon Man, 408–9; Hal Elliott Wert, Hoover: The Fishing President: Portrait of the Private Man and His Life Outdoors (Mechanicsburg, PA, 2005), 325.
24. New York Times quoted in Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 2:407. See also Smith, An Uncommon Man, 421, 422; Wert, Hoover: The Fishing President, 332–33.
25. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 19, 423.
26. Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 2:376, 378, 380, 383, 403.
27. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 19; for quotes see Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 440, 442–43.
28. “The Great Debate,” observations by Hoover on the first Kennedy-Nixon debate, 1960, to Thruston Morton, Chairman, RNC, September 15, 1960, PPP, Box 105, HHPL.
29. Wert, Hoover: The Fishing President, 340–42; New York Times; New York Herald Tribune; New York Journal American; Stanford Daily; November 9, 1960, PPP, Indiv. File 1391, 23, HHPL; Smith, An Uncommon Man, 423.
30. John Sparkman to Kennedy, December 16, 1960, PPP, Box 296, Kennedy, John F., Inaugural, 1960–61; Bunny Miller to Admiral Lewis Strauss, January 19, 1961; Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 420, 448, 449; Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 2:420; Smith, An Uncommon Man, 424.
31. Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 2:427, 428.
32. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 426–27.
33. Ibid., 427; Best, Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 459–60.
34. Ibid., 460, 461, 462.
Chapter 17. Tempest and Triumph
1. Gary Dean Best, Herbert Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 1933–1964, vol. 2, 1946–1964 (Stanford, CA, 1983), 432.
2. Ibid., 2:433.
3. Ibid., 2:432; Richard Norton Smith, An Uncommon Man: The Triumph of Herbert Hoover (New York, 1984), 15.
4. George H. Nash, afterword to The Life of Herbert Hoover: Keeper of the Torch, 1933–1964, by Gary Dean Best (New York, 2013), 271.
5. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 15.
6. “Editor’s Desk,” Time, March 11, 2013, n.p.
7. Best, Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 2:434–35.
8. Ibid., 2:437; Smith, An Uncommon Man, 21.
9. Smith, An Uncommon Man, 24.
INDEX
The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of this book. The link provided will take you to the beginning of that print page. You may need to scroll forward from that location to find the corresponding reference on your e-reader.
Abbot, Willis J., 204
Adams, Charles Francis, 210
Adams, John, 358, 378
Adelante Villa, Palo Alto, 28
Adenauer, Konrad, 366, 388
African Americans, 183–85, 192, 212
Agnew, John, 84–85
Agricultural Credits Act of 1923, 156
Agricultural Marketing Act of 1929, 215
Akerson, George, 209
Albert, King
of Belgium, 99, 121, 315
Allen, Ben S., 113, 114
American Child Health Association, 212
American Citizens’ Committee, 93–94
American Civil War, 21, 25, 128, 201, 237
American Federation of Labor, 217, 221, 225
American Historical Review, 90
American Individualism (Hoover), 134, 296
American Liberty League, 304
American Magazine, 295
American Relief Administration (ARA), 3, 99, 124–28, 130–32, 143–49, 155, 196, 229, 307, 390
American Telephone and Telegraph Corporation, 171
American Women’s Committee, 93
Americans for Constitutional Action, 394
America’s First Crusade (Hoover), 343–44, 345
Anderson, Clinton, 365
Anderson, Sherwood, 207
Anti-Comintern Pact, 319
Antitrust laws, 211, 254
Arkansas Ozarks, 33, 39
Army Corps of Engineers, 182
Arthur, Chester, 25
Asquith, Herbert, 100, 106
Atlantic Charter, 352
Atomic bomb, 353, 359, 361
Australian mines, 2, 52–61, 64, 66, 76–77, 80, 81
Baker, George Barr, 139
Baker, Ray Stannard, 138
Band of Hope, 14, 21
Bank failures, 256–59, 264, 267, 281, 287–88
Bank of England, 180
Barkley, Alben, 334
Barnes, Julius, 116, 203, 221
Baruch, Bernard, 218, 339
Bates, Lindon W., 103–4
Bates, Sanford, 211
Bauer, George (Georgius Agricola), 88, 89
Bawdin mine, Burma, 81–82
Bay of Pigs, 396
Beijing, China, 65, 67
Belgium, 3, 81, 94–101, 104–9, 112, 121, 123, 147, 315, 391
Benedict XV, Pope, 106
Benson, Ezra Taft, 386
Best, Gary Dean, 367
Bethmann-Hollweg, Theobald von, 99, 101