Cambodia's Curse: The Modern History of a Troubled Land

by Joel Brinkley

  133 Seth Mydans of the New York Times: The New York Times published Seth Mydans’s story about the village with victims’ “ghosts” on May 27, 1996.

  135 Typically, the victim would recall: The journal Cultural Medical Psychiatry published Devon Hinton’s research on Cambodians with PTSD on March 31, 2009.

  137 In San Jose, too: The Journal of the American Medical Association published the study “Mental Health of Cambodian Refugees Two Decades After Resettlement in the United States” on August 3, 2005.

  138 In about 2004 Cambodian officials: Government statistics on men who beat their wives came from interviews with government officials.

  160 An editorial in the Washington Post: The Washington Post published an opinion piece with the headline “Saddam Hun Sen” on July 20, 1997.

  160 The New Republic called him: The New Republic titled an article about Hun Sen “Hun the Attila” on August 4, 1997.

  160 The first one: The Boston Globe published Senator Mitch McConnell’s first op-ed on Cambodia on August 1, 2001.

  182 Sixty percent of these payments: Steven Heder published his account of the agreement between Hun Sen and Ranariddh to split “commissions” in the journal Southeast Asian Affairs in 2005. Heder attributes his finding to “FUNCINPEC and diplomat interviews, March–November 2004.”

  183 “Grand corruption involving illegal grants”: The USAID published its report Cambodian Corruption Assessment on August 19, 2004.

  208 An NGO study: A group of NGOs, part of a coalition called “Clean” that is dedicated to fighting corruption, published a study in November 2006 that described the “facilitation fees” school principals had to pay. The study was titled Local Public Services: Performance and Unofficial Fees, 7.

  208 In late 2009 the Phnom Penh Post: The Phnom Penh Post published its story on schoolteachers doubling their bribes on October 27, 2009.

  224 But when one reporter asked: The Cambodia Daily published its article about the Pursat prosecutor Top Chan Sereyvudth the week of February 14, 2009. The Phnom Penh Post published its own article on June 30, 2009.

  233 Violence continued and even increased: The Phnom Penh Post published the police-blotter shorts on various dates in 2008 and 2009.

  255 At the end of 2008: Statistics on sanitation conditions came from various UNICEF and Cambodian government reports.

  288 In 2000, for example: The International Crisis Group published its report Cambodia: The Elusive Peace Dividend on August 11, 2000.

  289 The yearlong postelection stalemate: The World Bank published its report Cambodia at the Crossroads in November 2004.

  298 In a Brookings Institution report: The Brookings Institution published its report Aid Effectiveness in Cambodia in December 2008.

  306 “It’s not uncommon”: The United Nations Human Rights Council published a report that included an observation on pardons before pledge conferences on February 29, 2008, 12.

  307 while World Health Organization figures showed: Data on child deaths from diarrhea-related illnesses, and maternal deaths, came from interviews with World Health Organization officers and hospital officials.

  308 “The pain, the suffering”: Bert Hoak and Ray Zepp’s observations about foreign aid were distributed on the Camnews Listserv on May 22, 2008, and then posted at http://www.mekong.net/cambodia/aid_ess.htm.

  314 The New York Times reported that President Clinton: The New York Times published its story about American plans to seize Pol Pot and put him on trial on April 9, 1998.

  314 For the United Nations, though: The Documentation Center of Cambodia published Thomas Hammarberg’s account of negotiations on the Khmer Rouge trial in its magazine, Searching for the Truth, on June 18, 2001.

  314 Here’s how the Associated Press described: The Associated Press distributed its story on the Khmer Rouge leaders’ vacation on December 31, 1998.

  321 Human Rights Watch said Kong Srim: Human Rights Watch put out its news release on the Khmer Rouge trial and Kong Srim, the chief judge, on December 5, 2006.

  321 The Phnom Penh Post noted that: The Phnom Penh Post published its story about despair over the direction of the Khmer Rouge trial on November 21, 2008.

  342 The Cambodia Daily reported on one of those surveys: The Cambodia Daily reported the results of an International Republican Institute survey the week of February 14, 2009.

  342 In 2003 the Asia Foundation conducted: The Asia Foundation published its public-opinion survey of Cambodians on May 16, 2003, and posted it on its Web site.

  345 Just 3 percent of Cambodians said: Gallup published its worldwide survey on attitudes toward well-being in 2009 and said “results are based on telephone and face-to-face interviews with more than 137,000 adults, aged 15 and older, conducted between 2005 and 2009 in 139 countries.”

  BIBLIOGRAPHY

  Ayres, David M. Anatomy of a Crisis: Education, Development, and State in Cambodia, 1953–1998. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2000.

  Becker, Elizabeth. When the War Was Over: Cambodia and the Khmer Rouge Revolution. New York: PublicAffairs, 1986.

  Bit, Seanglim. The Warrior Heritage: A Psychological Perspective on Cambodian Trauma. 1991.

  Chandler, David. A History of Cambodia. 4th ed. Boulder: Westview Press, 2008.

  Coe, Michael D. Angkor and the Khmer Civilization. London: Thames and Hudson, 2003.

  Kamm, Henry. Cambodia: Report from a Stricken Land. New York: Arcade Publishing, 1998.

  Ovesen, Jan, Ing-Britt Trankell, and Joakim Ojendal. When Every Household Is an Island: Social Organization and Power Structures in Rural Cambodia. Uppsala Research Reports in Cultural Anthropology, No. 15. Stockholm: Sida, 1996.

  Powers, Samantha. A Problem from Hell: America and the Age of Genocide . New York: Basic Books, 2002.

  Roberts, David W. Political Transition in Cambodia, 1991–99: Power, Elitism, and Democracy. London: Curzon Press, 2001.

  Short, Philip. Pol Pot: Anatomy of a Nightmare. New York: Henry Holt, 2004.

  Solomon, Richard H. Exiting Indochina: U.S. Leadership of the Cambodia Settlement and Normalization with Vietnam. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press, 2000.

  Tully, John. A Short History of Cambodia: From Empire to Survival. New South Wales, Australia: Allen and Unwin, 2005.

  Vickery, Michael. Cambodia, 1975–1982. Boston: South End Press, 1984.

  Zhou, Daguan. A Record of Cambodia: The Land and Its People. Translated by Peter Harris. 1296. Reprint, Chiang Mai, Thailand: Silkworm Books, 2007.

  INDEX

  Abney, Ron

  and grenade attacks

  and Rainsy

  and Quinn (1997)

  Acid attacks

  Adams, Brad

  Adhoc

  Afghanistan

  Agency for International Development (USAID)

  Ahmed, Rafeeuddin

  Aid conferences. See also Foreign aid

  Aid Effectiveness in Cambodia (Brookings Institution)

  Airgram (of Quinn)

  Akashi, Yashushi

  Albright, Madeleine

  Alliance of Democrats

  Amnesty for Khmer Rouge

  Amnesty International

  Anatomy of a Crisis (Ayres)

  Ang Vong Vattana

  Angkor

  Angkor Wat

  Annan, Kofi

  Annual income

  Anticorruption law

  and donor community

  and draft bill

  failure of

  and Hun Sen

  and Mussomeli

  passage of

  and penal code

  and Twining

  See also Corruption

  Anticorruption unit, office of complaints

  Asian Development Bank

  and world economic crisis (2008)

  Asian Human Rights Commission

  Assassinations, political

  Aung San Suu Kyi

  Baby trade

  Baker, James

  Ban Ki-moon />
  Barbera Llobet, Javier Merelo de

  Bay Sarit

  Bay Sophany

  Becker, Elizabeth

  Belov, Nikita

  Bereuter, Doug

  Boat people, Vietnamese

  Bodyguard forces

  Bolton, John

  and Cambodian operation

  Bombing, by U.S.

  Bou Meng

  Boutros-Ghali, Boutros

  Bridges, Stephen

  Bridle, Richard

  Broderick, Douglas

  Brookings Institution

  Brutality/violence

  of Khmer Rouge

  Brzezinski, Zbigniew

  Buddhism. See also Religion; Theravadist Buddhism

  Buddhist Liberal Party

  Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs (U.S. State Department)

  Burma

  Burns, Nicholas

  Bush, George H. W.

  Bush, George W.

  Bush, Richard

  Business expansion

  Cadastral Commission

  Caithness, Lord

  Cambodia: The Elusive Peace Dividend (International Crisis Group)

  Cambodia at the Crossroads (World Bank)

  Cambodia Institute for Development Study

  Cambodian Acid Survivors Charity

  Cambodian Electric Company

  Cambodian history, books about

  Cambodian Human Rights and Development Association

  Cambodian Independent Teachers’ Association (CITA)

  Cambodian League for the Promotion and Defense of Human Rights

  Cambodian Mine Action Center

  Cambodian operation (UN)

  cost of

  Cambodian People’s Party (CPP)

  and election (1998)

  and election (2002)

  and election (2003)

  and election (2008)

  and grenade attacks

  Cambodia’s Family Trees

  Carter, Jimmy

  Casals and Associates

  Cha Veun

  Chakrapong, Norodom

  Chan Dara

  Chan Sophal

  Chan Tong Yves

  Chan Yat

  Chandler, David

  Change

  and Hun Sen

  resistance to

  Chaophyraya Bodin

  Chbab Srey

  Chea Cheat

  Chea Sophara

  Chea Vichea

  Cheam Yeap

  Chevron Oil Company

  Chhay Kong

  Chhay Sareth

  and health care

  Chhin Sarith

  Chhith Sam Ath

  Chhoun Makkara

  Child sexual abuse

  China

  and Khmer Rouge

  and road building

  Chnok Trou

  Chomsky, Noam

  Christopher, Warren

  Chum Bun Rong

  Chum Mey

  CITA. See Cambodian Independent Teachers’ Association

  Clinton, Bill

  Clinton administration

  Coe, Michael

  Cold war

  Coleman, Cindy

  College graduates

  Colm, Sara

  Committee for Free and Fair Elections in Cambodia

  Complaints office, anticorruption unit

  Constitution Council

  Constitution (of Cambodia)

  Corruption

  and baby trade

  and court system

  and donor community

  and education

  and forest concessions

  and ghost soldiers

  and grand corruption report

  and health care

  and Hun Sen

  and judges

  and Khmer Rouge tribunal

  and Ministry of Health

  and oil reserves

  penalties for

  and police officers

  and Rainsy

  and sanitation

  and Sihanouk

  and Twining

  in United States

  and U.S. Embassy

  and World Bank

  See also Anticorruption law

  Corruption monitors

  Council of Ministers

  “Coup” (1997)

  Court system. See also Crime; Judges

  CPP. See Cambodian People’s Party

  Craner, Lorne

  Crime. See also Court system; individual crimes

  Darfur

  De Margerie, Jean-Pierre

  Deforestation

  and forest concessions

  protest against

  See also Logging, illegal; Trees

  Demand for Good Governance

  Democracy

  Despondency Saving Wanderer Organization

  Dessart, Philippe

  Diseases

  and eviction camps

  See also Health care

  Doctors. See also Health care; Health-care facilities

  Documentation Center of Cambodia

  Doi Moi

  Domestic violence. See also Rape; Women

  Donor community

  and anticorruption draft bill

  and anticorruption law

  and corruption

  criticism of

  as enablers

  and health care

  and human-rights groups

  and Hun Sen

  and Khmer Rouge tribunal

  and oil reserves

  and Rainsy

  and Ranariddh

  and Twining

  and Wiedemann

  See also Foreign aid

  Draper, William

  Drug trafficking

  Duch. See Kaing Guek Eav

  Eagleburger, Lawrence

  Economic crisis (2008). See World economic crisis

  Education

  and corruption

  in France

  and Hun Sen

  in Vietnam

  See also Schools; Teachers

  Ek Sonsatthya

  Election (1988)

  Election (1993)

  Election (1998)

  Election (2002)

  Election (2003)

  Election (2008)

  Electrical service

  Emergency food assistance. See Food assistance

  Endangered species

  Eviction camps

  Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative

  Extraordinary Chamber in the Courts of Cambodia

  Faleomavaega, Eni F. H.

  Famine

  Farming. See Rice cultivation

  FBI. See Federal Bureau of Investigation

  Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

  Fernando, Basil

  Field, Nigel

  Financial-management laws

  Fingar, Tom

  Fishing ban

  Food assistance

  Food security

  Ford, Gerald

  Foreign aid

  and aid conferences

  and “coup” (1997)

  failure of

  See also Donor community

  Foreign investment

  Forest concessions. See also Deforestation

  Forestry and Wildlife Ministry

  Forestry management

  Fornier, John Claude

  Fowler, Mike

  France

  Free market

  Free press

  Free Trade Union of Workers of Cambodia

  Frist, Bill

  Funcinpec (National United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative Cambodia)

  and election (1993)

  and election (1998)

  and election (2002)

  and election (2003)

  and war (1997)

  Gaffar Peang-Meth

  Galibru, Kek

  Garcia, Cara

  Garcia, James

  Garrand, James

  Gated mansions

  Genocide

  Ghost si
tting. See also Mental illness

  Ghost soldiers

  Ghost teachers. See also Teachers

  Ghost workers

  Global Witness

  Gorbachev, Mikhail

  Goswami, Arjun

  Grand corruption report

  Grenade attacks

  Gross domestic product

  Grove, Paul

  Growth, stunting of

  Guimbert, Stephane

  Haiti

  Hallucinations. See also Mental illness

  Hammarberg, Thomas

  Hammarskjöld, Dag

  Hayes, Michael

  Health care

  and corruption

  and donor community

  and government program

  and Hun Sen

  quality of

  See also Diseases; Doctors; Health-care facilities

  Health-care facilities. See also Doctors; Health care

  Heder, Steven

  Hem Heng

  Heng Development Company

  Heng Samrin

  Hill, Christopher

  Hinduism. See also Religion

  Hinton, Devon

  History, Cambodian, books about

  HIV/AIDS. See also Diseases

  Hoak, Bert

  Hoem Sophal

  Hoffman, Peter

  Hok Chendavy

  Hok Lundy

  Holbrooke, Richard

  Hop Thoeum

  Hor Namhong

  Horton, Ralph

  Hospitals. See Health-care facilities

  Housing

  Human rights

  defenders, intimidation of

  and United Nations

  Human Rights Watch

  Human-rights groups

  and child sexual abuse

  and domestic violence

  and donor community

  and land seizures

  and news media

  and slave trafficking

  See also individual groups

  Hun Mana

  Hun Manith

  Hun Many

  Hun Neng

  Hun Seang Heng

  Hun Sen

  and Albright

  and amnesty

  and anticorruption draft bill

  and anticorruption law

  assassination attempt against

  biographical information regarding

  bodyguard forces of

  and change

  and coalition government

  and corruption

  and “co up” (1997)

  and deforestation

  and donor community

  and education

  and election (1993)

  and election (1998)

  and election (2002)

  and election (2003)

  and election (2008)

  and eviction camps

  and fishing ban

  and forest concessions

  and Funcinpec

  and Global Witness

  and grand corruption report

  and grenade attacks