Pacific Alamo

by John Wukovits

  ——. “Wake’s Forgotten Survivors.” American History Illustrated, December 1987, pp. 40–45.

  Wukovits, John F. “A Nation’s Inspiration.” World War II, September 1992, pp. 30–37.

  ——. “Ernie Harwell for Leatherneck.” Naval History, July/August 1996, pp. 42–44.

  ——. “The Fight for Wake.” WWII History, May 2002, pp. 36–47.

  Index

  The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of this book. To find the corresponding locations in the text of this digital version, please use the “search” function on your e-reader. Note that not all terms may be searchable.

  Abraham, Theodore A., Jr., 63, 71–72, 179

  Adamson, Joseph, 63

  Adamson, Louis, 63

  Ady, Howard, 125–127, 130

  Alamo, the, 2, 98, 100, 111, 114, 116, 194, 195

  Allen, James, 22, 28, 51, 57, 59, 75, 136, 211, 232

  American Civil War, 4, 7

  American Red Cross, 195

  Another Locust Came (Richardson), 32

  Argonne Forest, 75

  Arthur, Robert O., 58

  Asamu Maru (ship), 235

  Astad, Arne E., 75

  B-17 bombers, 25, 27, 29, 58

  B-29 bombers, 241, 243

  Bailey, Vincent W., 208

  Balhorn, Marvin C., 207

  Barkley, Alben W., 5

  Barnes, Edward, 163

  Barnett, Ed, 47

  Barninger, Clarence A., 43–45, 52, 55, 67, 72, 83, 86–88, 91, 95, 100, 164–165, 176, 186, 189

  Bataan Peninsula, 2

  Battery A, 67, 87–89, 95, 108, 165, 186

  Battery B, 45, 90, 185

  Battery D, 43, 50, 51, 54, 56, 75, 77, 99, 105, 106, 126, 134–135

  Battery E, 43, 71, 73, 75, 136, 161, 168, 180

  Battery F, 140

  Battery L, 86, 89, 90, 95, 141

  Bayler, Walter L.J., 61, 106, 127, 129–130, 249, 250

  Bedell, Henry A., 90, 145–147, 152

  Belleau Wood, Battle of, 194

  Bendix, William, 116, 196

  Bergen, Edgar, 215

  Bertels, Alton J., 45, 226

  Bird Island, 189

  Bloch, Claude C., 37, 123

  Borne, Joseph E., 63

  Borneo, 41

  Bowsher, Walter A., 52, 68, 75, 176, 217

  Box, Robert S., Jr., 32

  Bremerton Navy Yard, 96

  Brown, Robert M., 32, 86, 94, 103, 141, 176, 189, 190, 202, 212, 230, 243

  Bryan, Robert L., 159, 160, 169, 173, 174, 182

  Buckie, William B., Jr., 220, 264

  Buehler, William F., 105, 147, 184

  Bunker Hill, Battle of, 87

  Burma, 16, 34

  Burnett, W.R., 116

  Burroughs, John R., 83, 88, 123, 124, 136

  Butler, Frank, 116

  Camp 1, 51, 52, 56, 57, 73, 101, 104, 139, 157, 159, 161, 162, 166, 167, 176, 182, 183

  Camp 2, 56, 63, 68, 71, 190

  Caroline Islands, 18

  Casey, Robert J., 78, 97

  Catalina Island, 96

  Center for Internee Rights, Inc., 268

  Chamorro workers, 58, 64

  Chapman, Henry H., 153

  China Clippers, 18

  Churchill, Winston, 2, 96, 192–193

  Clelan, Johnny, 83, 88

  Comers, Joseph, 226

  Comstock, Benjamin, Jr., 14, 56, 86

  Comstock, Benjamin, Sr., 14, 56, 86

  Conderman, Robert J., 42–43, 59, 60, 64, 98

  Connally, Thomas B., 5

  Contractors Pacific Naval Air Bases (CPNAB), 12, 21, 23

  Cooke, John B., 51

  Cormier, Louis M., 28

  Coulson, Raymond L., 148

  Coxon, Mrs. E.C., 229

  Cressman, Robert, 128

  Crockett, Davy, 98, 116

  Crorkin, Patrick Andrew, 195

  Cruz, Mark, 271

  Cuba, 35

  Culver, Esther, 229

  Cunningham, Louise, 129–130, 252

  Cunningham, Winfield S., 40–42, 44–46, 48–54, 57, 62, 64–66, 69–71, 76, 82, 83, 94, 95, 98, 99, 104, 107, 109, 111, 112, 120, 121, 123, 125, 126, 128, 130, 132, 159, 175–178, 180, 185, 190, 197, 198, 202, 203, 206, 207, 223, 233, 240, 244, 246–247, 252, 256–258, 262

  Curtis, Pop, 76

  Custer, George Armstrong, 166, 175

  Dana, Max J., 111, 145, 187, 218

  “David Crockett’s Spirit” (Scarritt), 116

  Davidson, Carl R., 61, 135

  Defenders of Wake Island, 260

  Defense of Wake, The (Heinl), 24, 39, 89, 144, 151, 162, 172

  de Neira, Alvaro de Mendaña, 15, 16

  Detroit Evening Times, 97

  Detroit Free Press, 113, 114

  Devereux, Ashton, 35

  Devereux, James P.S., 20, 35–40, 42, 44–46, 48–55, 63, 65, 66, 68, 70–73, 75, 76, 82–87, 90–95, 98, 99, 104, 105, 110–112, 114, 118, 120, 123, 126, 127, 130, 136, 139–141, 156, 159, 161, 164, 166, 175–186, 190, 193–198, 201, 202, 211, 216–217, 219, 220, 230–231, 240, 242–244, 247, 251–252, 256–258, 261, 262, 267, 269

  Devereux, Mary, 194, 230

  Devereux, Paddy, 127, 194, 230–231, 251

  Donlevy, Brian, 116, 196

  Dutch East Indies, 4, 17, 37

  Elrod, Elizabeth, 129

  Elrod, Henry T., 42–43, 61, 64, 85, 91–92, 99, 117, 118, 124, 129, 136, 163, 171, 182, 190, 262

  Ethnic stereotyping, 65

  Executive Order 6935, 18

  F4F-3 Wildcat fighters, 41, 42, 59–61, 70, 83, 85, 91–93, 106, 107, 125, 134–135

  Family Circle, 195

  Ferris, George, 128

  First Marine Defense Battalion, 9, 25, 30, 193, 216 (see also Wake Island)

  Fish, Cyrus D., 166, 167

  Fitch, Aubrey, 133

  Fletcher, Jack, 118, 132–133

  Flying Tigers, 57

  Ford, Henry, 18

  Fort Apache, 20

  Fortuna, Stephen, 218

  France, Anatole, 175

  Franklin, Theodore, 208

  Freuler, Herbert C., 58, 62, 85, 91, 92, 106, 135

  Frietas, Henry, 133

  Gatewood, Grace, 264

  Gatewood, Martin A., 50, 55, 56, 87, 102, 110, 111, 122, 126, 129, 134, 141, 179, 212, 222, 223, 242, 248, 253–254, 259, 261, 262, 264, 265, 267

  Gay, Paul J., Jr., 159, 160, 169, 173, 174, 182

  Geneva Convention, 213

  Gibbons, Fred S., 75, 106, 171, 262

  Gibbons, George, 75, 106, 171, 262

  Gish, Lillian, 18

  Godbold, Bryghte D., 43, 99, 108, 161, 176, 262

  Godwin, Gun Captain, 55–56

  Goicoechea, Joe, 10–13, 15, 17, 20–21, 23, 26, 28, 30, 31, 34, 38, 43, 48, 52, 54–55, 68, 69, 75–78, 82, 99, 105, 108, 113, 120–122, 126, 134, 180, 181, 187, 188, 197, 201–203, 205, 208, 210, 212, 213, 215–219, 221–223, 226, 232, 238, 239, 243, 251, 254–255, 260, 261, 264–270

  Gonzales, Roy H., 207–208

  Gordon, Ellis, 223

  Gragg, Raymond, 105

  Grant, Ulysses S., 196

  Graves, George, 59, 61, 98

  Great Depression, 9–11, 17, 79

  Greey, Elmer B., 40, 52, 127–128

  Grew, Joseph, 17

  Gross, Franklin, 9–10, 14, 24, 29, 30, 36, 38, 43, 54, 58, 72, 83, 108, 165, 187, 188, 215, 264, 268, 269

  Guadalcanal, 232, 233

  Guam, 1, 4, 6, 18, 64, 80, 99, 138

  Hakodate Prison Camp No. 3, 245

  Hall, James W., 102

  Halsey, William F., 41, 133, 193

  Halstead, William C., 152, 153

  Hamas, John A. “Big John,” 31, 32, 38, 54, 94, 176–178, 180, 187, 189–190, 245

  Hamilton, John H., 54, 64–65, 113

  Hamilton, Lieutenant, 86, 126

  Hamilton, William J., 61, 70, 91

  Hanna, Erlyne, 73, 127, 228–229, 252

  Hanna,
Robert M., 7–10, 15, 17, 20, 23, 30, 32, 44, 47, 52–53, 58, 59, 72–74, 82, 90, 99, 102, 104–105, 109–110, 113, 120, 121, 127, 130, 139, 141, 157, 159–164, 168–175, 178, 181–182, 186, 190, 191, 201–203, 208, 210, 214, 218, 224, 228–229, 244, 245, 251, 252, 260, 261, 262, 264, 265, 268, 269–271

  Hanna, Vera Edith Bryant, 8–10, 32, 47, 74, 110, 113, 127, 228, 229, 252, 264, 270

  Hannum, Earl R., 208

  Hardy, Robert G., 75

  Harris, George, 75

  Harwell, Ernie, 250

  Hassig, Edwin F., 143, 186

  Hayate (destroyer), 89–90

  Heinl, R.D., Jr., 24, 39, 89, 144, 151, 162, 172

  Hemingway, Ernest, 33

  Henshaw, George H., 45, 111, 207

  Hepburn, Arthur J., 19

  Hernandez, Jack, 240

  Hesson, Aviation Machinist’s Mate First Class, 126

  Hevenor, Herman P., 47, 65, 130, 190, 199

  Himelrick, John R., 119, 125

  Hiroshima, 244, 247–249

  Hiryu (aircraft carrier), 138

  Hitler, Adolf, 33

  HMS Prince of Wales, 2, 96

  HMS Repulse, 2, 96

  Hodgkins, Raymond K., Jr., 226–227

  Hoffmeister, “Babe,” 235, 263

  Hohn, Lewis A., 25, 29, 34, 35, 38

  Holcomb, Thomas, 97, 115, 117

  Holden, Frank J., 59

  Holewinski, Ralph, 9, 10, 15, 23, 30, 36, 46, 55, 60, 87, 113, 121, 139, 141, 159, 160, 168–170, 172–175, 181–182, 187, 198, 218, 219, 236, 261, 262, 266–269

  Hollywood, 7, 196, 257, 261

  Holmes, Charles A., 135, 271

  Hong Kong, 2, 4, 6, 138

  Honolulu Advertiser, 97

  Hoover, Herbert, 17

  Hopkins, Harry, 3, 46, 79

  Horie, Kiroku, 158, 164

  Houde, Severe R., 150

  Hull, Cordell, 37

  Ibushi, Kayoshi, 142, 161, 191

  Idaho Daily Statesman, 97, 113

  Ikeda, Private, 237

  Indochina, 16, 33, 34, 37

  International Red Cross, 224–225, 230

  Ishihara, Isamu, 214–215, 218, 230, 263

  Isolationism, U.S., 17–19, 53

  Itaya, Yakichi, 136, 138

  Iwai, Seaman Second Class, 62

  Iwo Jima, 254, 271

  James, Jimmy, 225

  Jeffries, Harry, 266

  Johnson, John S., 23, 30, 55, 56, 73, 74, 81, 87, 101, 103, 109, 120–122, 127, 130–131, 134, 139, 140–142, 148–152, 154, 155, 183–185, 198, 199, 202, 206, 216, 219, 223–224, 226, 233, 259, 264, 269

  Johnston Island, 19, 40, 66

  Jones, John Paul, 97, 196

  Kahn, G. Mason, 32, 52, 63, 69–72, 104, 180, 187, 188, 190, 198, 206, 224, 226, 233–234

  Kaiser, Sonny, 108

  Kajioka, Sadamichi, 80, 81, 83–93, 95, 134–136, 138–143, 154, 157, 166, 188, 189, 197

  Kanai, Noboru, 135

  Katchak, John, 67

  Katsumi, Seishi, 81, 234, 235, 263

  Kawasaki, 268

  Kay, Logan, 235

  Keene, Commander, 206

  Kephart, Rodney, 186, 248, 258

  Kermode, D.E., 231

  Kessler, Woodrow M., 24, 31, 32, 43, 45, 50, 66, 75, 90, 110, 132, 136, 141, 160, 185–186, 212, 223, 231–232, 242, 244, 262, 264

  Ketner, Bernard, 178

  Kiangwan Camp, 209, 215, 220, 221, 238

  Kidd, Murray, 10–13, 20, 23, 26, 28, 31, 34, 63, 69, 77, 101, 108, 201, 202, 217, 218, 234–236, 239, 242–243, 248, 255, 261, 264, 270

  Kimmel, Husband E., 34, 35, 41, 66, 94, 117–118, 132

  King, James O., 57, 65, 87, 90, 94, 102, 104, 134, 188, 224, 245, 258, 268

  Kinney, John F., 45–48, 61–62, 66, 70–72, 75, 85, 86, 91, 101, 106, 107, 111, 126, 127, 195, 198–199, 204, 206–207, 210, 211, 213, 221, 225, 232, 240, 257

  Kisaragi (destroyer), 91–92

  Kliewer, David D., 92–93, 117, 124, 163, 165, 182, 207

  Knox, W. Franklin, 4, 5, 40, 47, 97, 192

  Konoye, Prince Fumimaro, 37

  Korean War, 262

  Krank, Ray, 195

  Kuku Point, 44, 45, 56, 86, 155

  Kumesaka, Nemeto, 190

  Kurokawa, Hideyuki, 92

  Kurusu, Saburo, 38–39, 41

  Kwajalein, 95

  Kyser, Kay, 111

  Lambert, John W., 207–208

  Langley, Edgar N., 231

  Laporte, Ewing E., 10, 14, 23–25, 29, 30, 43, 57, 72, 93, 102, 127, 159, 179, 202, 209, 215, 217, 218, 243, 246, 254, 261–263

  Lauff, Bernard J., 111

  Lawback, George, 75

  Lee, Clark, 193

  Lehtola, Eric, 169, 174

  Lewis, William W., 43, 45, 52, 55, 71, 75, 161, 169, 180

  Lexington, Battle of, 116

  Lincoln, Abraham, 4

  Lindbergh, Charles, 18

  Little Big Horn, Battle of, 166

  Lochrisge, Harold E., 75

  Longworth, Alice Roosevelt, 18

  Look magazine, 195

  MacArthur, Douglas, 2

  Malaya, 1, 2, 4, 6, 16, 34

  Malay Peninsula, 37

  Malleck, Donald R., 55, 57, 93–94, 179, 180

  Marine squadron VMF-211, 41–42, 47, 49, 59–61, 70, 83, 106, 125–127, 135–136, 161, 191, 193

  Markham, Shorty, 27

  Marlow, Clovis R., 156

  Marshall, Gordon L. “Gunny,” 152, 153

  Marshall Islands, 18, 20, 56, 66, 80, 81, 91, 92, 95, 131, 136, 233

  Marvin, Kenneth, 30, 32, 46, 47, 50, 56, 68, 77, 100, 102, 103, 112, 121, 129, 132, 135, 161, 181, 205, 209, 215, 218, 229, 241, 244, 246, 253, 258–259, 261, 264–266

  Masek, William, 250

  McAlister, John A. “Johnny Mac,” 31, 32, 44, 45, 73, 86, 87, 89–90, 95, 141, 143–145, 147–149, 152, 153, 156, 240, 257

  McAmis, Terrence T., 31–32

  McAnally, Winford J., 164, 165, 176

  McCalla, Marvin P., 149, 150

  McDonald, Joseph, 256

  McDonald, Joseph Thomas, 256

  McKinstry, Clarence B. “Big Mac,” 31, 32, 78, 139–140, 142–145, 148, 149, 152–154, 185, 216, 262

  McLaglen, Victor, 28

  Mellor, Charles, 68

  Meyers, Leroy, 217

  Midway Island, 4, 7, 19, 65, 127, 192, 199, 232, 233, 234, 269

  Mitsubishi, 268

  Mitsubishi Attack Bombers (Nells), 56

  Mitsui, 268

  Mitsumasa, Watanabe, 237–238

  Mobile Reserve, 72, 161

  Moon, Lee Bong, 235–237

  Morrison-Knudsen, 12, 13, 20–23, 27, 33, 47, 76, 107, 109, 191, 195, 254, 266

  Mullen, James M., Jr., 166–167

  Murphy, J.J., 125–127, 130

  Murphy, Robert B., 229

  Murrow, Edward R., 6

  Nagasaki, 244, 247–249

  Newsweek, 97, 196

  New York Times, 97, 113–114, 125, 193, 194

  Nicaragua, 31, 35, 41, 121, 134

  Nimitz, Chester W., 132, 134

  Nippon Steel, 268

  Nippon Times, 233

  Nitta Maru (ship), 201–208, 226, 263, 268

  Nonn, Leo, 73, 109, 140–141, 151

  Normandy, 1

  North Borneo, 4

  Nowlin, Jesse, 109

  Oahu, 1

  O’Neal, John H., 98, 107

  Otera, Satoshi, 215

  Ozeki, Shigeyoshi, 80–83, 88, 91, 95, 142, 157–159, 168–170, 172–173, 191

  Page, Robert E., 60–61

  Palmyra Atoll, 19

  Palmyra Island, 24, 66

  Pan American Airways, 18, 33, 47, 51, 64, 72, 106

  Pan Am Hotel, 55, 57

  Panay (gunboat), 19

  Paramount Pictures, 116

  Paskiewicz, Andrew J., 62–63

  Peacock Point, 43, 55, 67, 71, 73, 75, 83, 86–88, 108, 122, 157–159, 164, 168, 176, 186

  Peale, Titian, 16

 
; Peale Island, 16, 23, 43, 47, 50–52, 54–56, 59, 64, 66, 72, 82, 87, 90, 93, 99, 102, 105, 108, 121, 126, 135, 139, 141, 160, 161, 176, 185–186

  Pearl Harbor, 2, 19, 20, 42, 44, 123

  Japanese attack on, 1, 3–7, 49–51, 69, 99, 112, 116–117, 135–138, 192, 193, 203–204, 233

  Pearsall, John Edward “Ed,” 188, 195

  Perkins, Frances, 4–5

  Peterel (gunboat), 211

  Pfeiffer, Omar T., 35

  Philippine Clipper (airplane), 51, 54, 58, 59, 64–65, 113, 130, 180, 197

  Philippine Islands, 2, 4, 6, 7, 15, 16, 18, 29, 37, 41, 47, 80

  Pickett, Harry, 35

  Plate, William O., 59–60, 166–167

  Platt, Wesley M., 25, 30, 32, 44, 82, 89–90, 108, 111, 139, 141, 142–143, 147–152, 154–156, 178, 183–186, 190, 198, 199, 204, 207, 262

  Poindexter, Arthur A., 44–46, 56, 72, 87, 101, 108, 136, 161–168, 176, 182–183, 186, 262

  Poindexter, Joseph B., 4

  Polousky, Anthony, 83, 88

  Potter, George H., Jr., 20, 37, 176, 177, 179, 207, 223

  Presidential Unit Citation, 193, 257

  Preston, Robert, 116, 196

  Prisoner of War Medal, 260

  Prisoners of war

  in Chinese camps, 208–233, 237–238, 240

  in Japanese camps, 235, 238–248

  on Nitta Maru, 201–208, 226

  on Wake Island, 180–191, 195–200, 233–237

  Putnam, Paul A., 41–43, 45, 50, 53, 58, 61–62, 66, 70, 75, 76, 83, 85, 91–94, 106–107, 108–109, 121, 126–128, 136, 161, 163–164, 169, 171–173, 175, 182, 187, 188, 191, 193, 195, 197, 207, 257, 262

  Putnam, Virginia, 128

  Pye, William S., 18, 133, 134, 159, 193

  Quantico, Virginia, 9

  Quantico Sentry, 114

  Radar, lack of, 44–45, 52, 65, 72

  Ramquist, August, 64–65

  Ray, Sanford K., 145, 149

  Rayburn, Sam, 5

  Read, Forrest, 13, 55, 67, 78, 103, 143, 145, 152–154, 185, 209, 222, 238, 241, 247, 248, 255–256

  Revolt of the Angels (France), 175

  Revolutionary War, 7, 87, 98

  Richardson, Bernard E., 32, 73, 145–146, 152–156, 185

  RO-66 (submarine), 92–93, 124

  Rogers, Ernest G., 37, 49–50

  Rogge, John, 27, 28, 55, 75, 103, 105, 190, 198–200, 229, 260, 265–266, 269

  Rogge, Virginia, 265–266

  Roi, Marshall Islands, 56

  Roosevelt, Eleanor, 6, 78

  Roosevelt, Elliott, 5

  Roosevelt, Franklin D., 46, 78, 79, 113, 199

  death of, 233

  declares war on Japan, 6–7

  economy and, 17

  embargo against Japan and, 34, 37

  isolationism and, 18

  Panay incident and, 19

  Pearl Harbor and, 3–6

  Wake Island and, 18, 97, 125, 192, 193, 257