by Dan McMillan
in Vietnam War, 174–179, 181
in World War I, 89
in World War II, 2, 8
limiting Jewish immigration, 6
stock market crash of 1929, 105
war against Spain, 162
Upper Silesia, 195
Van d’Elden, Edwin, 188
Venezia, Shlomo, 35–36
Verdun, Battle of, 68, 71
Vienna, 98–99
Vietnam War, 82, 170, 174–79, 181
American combat experience in, 175
American public opinion on, 176–177
civilian deaths in, 175, 252n15
Vilna (Vilnius), Lithuania, 194
Volksgemeinschaft. See National community
Vossische Zeitung (newspaper), 140
Wall newspapers. See “Word of the Week”
Warsaw Ghetto, 15, 31, 32, 34
population murdered in Treblinka, 25, 34
uprising in (1943), 15, 31
Wartheland, 134–135
Washington, George, 121
Washington Post (newspaper), 148
Weimar, 86–87
Weimar Coalition, 89, 92, 98. See also: Center Party; Democratic party, German; Socialist party, German
Weimar Republic (1918–1933), 51, 86–98, 103–109, 113–117, 120, 124, 149, 150, 170, 206
constitutional convention of, 86–87, 88–89, 91–92
destruction of, 105–109, 116–117, 206
founding of, 86–87, 90
identified with socialism, 86, 88, 94, 114, 150
inflation in, 96–97, 103, 149
invasion of Ruhr, 96–97, 103
lack of legitimacy, 87–89, 92, 94, 96–98, 113–114, 115–116, 120, 206
violence in, 92–95, 97, 100, 103–104, 149
See also Elections, German; Parliaments, German
Weinberg, Gerhard L., 218n2, 243n21, 243n22
Wiernik, Jacob, 22
Wilhelm I, King of Prussia, then German Emperor, 45–46
Wilhelm II, German Emperor, 80
Willikens, Werner, 133–134
Wirth, Joseph, 95
Wohlauf, Julius, 26
Wolff, Theodor, 140
Women, 9, 16, 22, 23, 24–25, 26, 30, 33, 36–37, 41, 43, 80–81, 102, 114, 126, 130, 131, 168, 172–173, 174, 207, 211
as victims in the Holocaust, 9, 16, 22, 23, 24–25, 30, 33, 36–37, 168, 172–173, 174
complicit in Nazism or the Holocaust, 26, 102, 114, 126, 130, 131, 211
suffrage, 41, 43, 81–82
“Word of the Week” (wall newspapers), 192. See also Knowledge of the Holocaust
Working class, German, 48–50, 54, 58–59, 61–62, 81, 93–94, 97, 141, 142, 160, 171
alleged base instincts of, 58–59, 61–62, 142
communist party and, 93, 94, 171
in World War I, 81–83, 84–85, 86
nationalist appeals to, 54–55, 80–83, 85, 160
Nazism and, 103, 110–112, 114, 123–124, 137, 149, 193, 194, 199
socialist party and, 48–50, 54, 58–59, 61–62, 94, 141–142, 160, 171
See also Communism; Communist parties; Socialist party, German
Working towards the Leader, 133–135, 206–207. See also Extermination, total
World War I, 2, 6, 12, 41, 48, 50, 56, 57, 58, 61–90, 95, 99–100, 102–103, 105, 107, 110–112, 115, 121, 124, 127–128, 130, 137–138, 140, 142–145, 147, 148, 149, 155, 162, 163, 165–167, 189, 207, 208, 209
alleged harmony among German troops, 110–112
as cause of the Holocaust, 2, 6, 12, 63–66, 71–77, 81–85, 144–145, 165, 207
causes of, 41, 57, 61–63, 162, 209
cheapening of human life in, 12, 63–66, 71–77, 165–167, 207, 208
civilian deaths in, 81, 84
combat experience in, 66–75
military death toll of, 66, 127, 130, 144, 207, 209
German aims in, 82–84, 162
German defeat in, 2, 6, 77, 86, 89–90, 99–100, 105, 127–128, 137–138, 144, 149, 165–167 (See also “Stab in the back legend”)
Germany’s internal conflicts in, 65, 77, 81–82, 84–85, 115, 121
impact on Hitler, 2, 6, 63, 65, 74–75, 98–100, 102–103, 137–138, 149, 165–167
outbreak of, 66, 79–81, 98–99
strategy of attrition in, 68–69
welcomed by many Germans, 61–63, 79–81
See also German Empire (1871–1918); Treaty of Versailles; Weimar Republic
World War II, 1–3, 5, 6–9, 41, 56, 99, 117, 120, 124–130, 138, 166–168, 172, 178, 184, 186, 193, 197, 202, 203, 206–207, 209, 211
as cause of the Holocaust, 2–3, 7–9, 166–168, 206–207
bombing raids against Germany, 172, 186, 202
causes of German defeat in, 3, 8
German civilian deaths, 172, 193, 202
German military deaths, 128, 178, 193, 203
German treatment of POWs, 2, 8, 56, 167
German victory over France, 127–130, 209
Hitler’s role in, 2–3, 5, 7–9, 99, 125–130, 166–168
outbreak of, 128
See also Britain; France; Poland; Soviet Union; United States
Yale University, 148, 174
Yerkes, Robert, 163
Young Turks. See Armenian genocide
Yugoslavia, 144, 161
Zimbardo, Philip, 179–180. See also Psychological factors
Zuckermann, Itzhak, 15
Zyklon-B, 11