Henry David Thoreau
Page 74
Maynard, Barksdale, 533n7
McCauslin, George, 219, 220–21; hosted and guided HDT and cousin in Maine, 220–22, 225
McKean, Henry, 154
Melville, Herman: “Bartleby the Scrivener,” 149; Moby-Dick, 5; Typee, 222
Menu (divine Hindu lawgiver), 145, 256, 274
Mercantile Association Library (NYC), 154
Merriam, Francis Jackson (Mr. “X”), 455, 457
Merriam, Joe, 30, 33
Merrimack, NH, 109
Merrimack River, 107–9, 258–59, 397, 491
Mexico, invasion and surrender of (1846–48), 208, 211; injustice of U.S.-Mexican War, 248
Michaux, André, 308
Michigan, 230, 482
Middlesex Canal, 107, 110
Middlesex Canal Company, 442; Concord farmers lose lawsuit against, 442–23
Middlesex County Agricultural Fair. See “Cattle Show” (annual farm fair)
Middlesex County Anti-Slavery Society, 93, 466
Middlesex County Jail (Concord), 29, 210; HDT’s experience of, 211
Miles, Warren, 94, 442; assisted HDT with graphite business, 438
Milford, ME, 218
militia muster (Concord, 1858), and Thoreaus’ boardinghouse, 439
Mill Dam (Milldam). See Concord, MA: Mill Dam (Milldam)
Millinocket, ME, 419
Milnes, Monckton, 552n4
Milwaukee, WI, under martial law (1861), 490
Minkins, Shadrach, 315, 367; rescued from recapture, 316
Minneapolis, MN, 484; Minnehaha Falls, 484
Minnesota, 484–90; HDT’s journey to, 481–91, Fig. 41
Minott, Capt. Jonas, 28–30, 32, 35; forebears of, 425
Minott, George, 15, 103
Minott, Mary (Jones) Dunbar. See Dunbar, Mary Jones (HDT’s grandmother)
Mississippi River, 483, 489, Fig. 41; HDT’s impressions of real life on, 483–84
Missouri Ruffians (proslavery border raiders), 446
Mitchel, Nathan, 109
Monadnock, Mount (MA), 174, 429; climbed by HDT and Blake, 429–30; climbed by HDT and Channing, 468–70; enigmatic frogs found on, 430, 458; HDT observed flora and fauna minutely, 469–70
Monson, ME, 334, 339
Montmorenci, Falls of (Quebec), 297–98
Montreal (Quebec), 296, 299
“Moonlight” (HDT), 364
Moore, Capt. Abel, 105
Moore, George, 15, 54, 57
moose and moose-hunting, 219, 336, 416; HDT horrified at slaughter of, 336–37, 340, 353; witnessed second moose kill, 416
Moosehead (railway steamer in Maine), 334–35
Moosehead Lake (ME), 334–35, 406, 409, 441
“Moosehunting” (HDT lecture), 393
moral choice, 250–52
Morton, Samuel G., 366
Mott, Lucretia, 320; and Seneca Falls Convention, 320
mouse, at Walden, 202, 229, 354; P. Ward’s children’s story about it, 535n55
Mud Pond Carry (north Maine woods), 412
Muir, John, 489–90
Munroe, James (publisher): HDT paid off debt to, 343; printed A Week, 263, 272, 285; returned unsold copies, 343
Munroe, William, 38–40; competitor with John Thoreau and Co., 39–40
Musketaquid: Indian people, 4–5, 16–17; origin of name, 13, 269 (see also Concord River); River, 3, 9; Valley, 6, 13
Musketaquid (John and HDT’s boat), 99, 106, 110; sold to Hawthorne, 134
Myerson, Joel, 523n63, 528n56
Nantucket, MA, 370; Atheneum, 369–70
narcolepsy, 157
Nashoba, MA, 16; “Praying Town” of Indian converts, 4–5, 16–17, 273
Nashua, NH, 107
Nashville, NH, 108
Natick, MA, 423
National Academy of Design (NYC), 153
National Academy of Sciences (Philadelphia), 366
National Anti-Slavery Standard, 348
national park system, envisioned by HDT, 341, 444
Native Americans (Indians): artifacts of, 3–5, 91, 99, 108, 284, 426, 428, 437–38; ecological economic system of, 11–12, 14–15; languages of, 66–67, 92, 338–39, 427, 428; 17th-c. decimation of, 4–5, 12–15; stereotypes of, 5–6, 407, 410, 420, 426–27; survivors of 17th-c. decimation, 5–6
HDT’s evolving view of, 339, 410–11, 419–20; HDT interviewed Penobscots, 305, 461; HDT’s “Indian Books” (research), 280, 282, 420. See also Polis, Joseph
Indian Island (and Oldtown, Maine), Penobscot reservation, 218, 340, 408; almost deserted (1857), 407; HDT’s negative reaction to (1846), 218; positive reaction to (1854), 340
individual tribes: Abenaki, 338, 411; Dakota (“Sioux”), 486–89; Dakota War, 488–89; HDT collects clothing of Dakota, 488, 567n70; mistreatment of Dakota, 488; Musketaquid, 4–5, 16–17; Ojibwe, 427–28; Penacook, 107; “Praying Indians” of Nashoba, 4, 16–17; Wabanaki, 338–39, 371. See also Indian Island (ME), Penobscot reservation; Native Americans (Indians): Indian Island (and Oldtown, Maine); Native Americans (Indians): Penobscot
location: on Cape Cod, 280, 371; in Concord, 5–6, 11–17, 99, 217, 305–6, 408, 428, 461, 522n25, 536n91; in Maine, 95–96, 218–19, 334–35, 340, 407–12; in Minnesota, 486–89; on Nantucket, 371; in New Bedford, 378–79, 389; in Quebec, 299; at Walden, 16, 204
Penobscot, 67, 109, 217–18, 305–6, 334–40, 407–19, 428, 536n91; struggle for modernization and sovereignty, 340, 407–8, 414, 418–19. See also Polis, Joseph
Penobscot and related technologies: basketry, 5, 217, 371, 408, 428, 461, 512n4; canoes, 305, 335, 340, 408, 411, 418; snowshoes, 340, 343, 550n68
Penobscot guides as HDT’s teachers: J. Aitteon, 335–36, 338–39; L. Neptune, 218–19; J. Polis, 407–19
“Natural History of Massachusetts, The,” (HDT), 131–32; as HDT’s first original writing, 132
nature, 44–45, 128, 129; HDT’s intimacy with, 201, 305, 308; humans involved in cycles of, 173–74; indifference of, 129, 278; love of, 44, 123, 147, 151–52; Nature, xx; speaks through HDT, 289; wild nature, 89
Nature (RWE), 18, 73, 83, 88, 276
Nauset, MA, 279
Nawshawtuct Hill, 3, 9, 10, 13, 14, 44, 77, 398
Neptune, John (Penobscot governor), 340
Neptune, Louis (Penobscot elder), 218–19, 221, 225
New Bedford (MA) Lyceum, 368
New Bedford Mercury, 389–90; review of Walden, 360
Newburyport, MA, 281
Newcomb, Charles King, 133, 158–59, 368
Newcomb, John Young (“Wellfleet oysterman”), 279, 282, 404–5
New England Farmer, 39
New England Non-Resistance Society, 139
“New England Reformers” (RWE lecture), 168
“New Humanists” (Romantic Hellenism), 69; influenced democratic ideals, 69–70
New Jersey, 259
New London, CT, 151
Newman, Lance, 568n87
New Monthly Magazine, 149
New Views of Society, Christianity, and the Church (Brownson), 75
New York, NY, 149; disparaged by HDT, 157; as literary marketplace, 149, 156–57
New-York Daily (or Weekly) Tribune, 155, 182; announced HDT’s “poor health” (1861), 492; published HDT on tree succession, 472; published reports by M. Fuller, 238; published women’s rights articles by Elizabeth O. Smith, 320, 367. See also Greeley, Horace
New York Times, review of Walden, 360
Niagara Falls (New York/Canada), 112, 481–82
“No Government” movement, 250
Nonresistance, 139–40, 211; vs. civil resistance, 251
North Twin Lake (ME), 222
Notre Dame, Cathedral of (Montreal), 296, 302
Oakes, Smith, 292, 545n45
O’Connor, Dick, 520–21n8
Ojibwe (Indian people), 427
Old Manse, 18, 47, 79, 134, 176, 498. See also Hawthorne, Nathaniel
Old North Bridge, 79, 107, 115
Oldtown, ME, 95, 334; almost desert
ed in 1857, 407
“Old Virginia” (freed slave and settler), 30
Ontario, Lake, 482, 490
Orleans, MA, 278
Ornamental Tree Society, 53
Osgood, Ellen Sewall. See Sewall, Ellen
Osgood, Rev. Joseph, 114, 309; escorted HDT to Cape Cod shipwreck scene, 277
Ossoli, Giovanni, Marquis d’, 290, 292, 293; and son Nino, 290
O’Sullivan, John, 149, 158, 249; coined “Manifest Destiny,” 168; liberal reformist views of, 149; published HDT essays, 155–56; supported Texas annexation, 207–8. See also Democratic Review
Paley, William, 70; On the Duty of Submission . . . , countered by HDT, 251
Panchatantra (Vishnu Sharma), 145
Panic of 1837, 80–81
Panic of 1857, 424–25; affected Thoreaus’ graphite business, 427
panoramas, 295, 300, 545n50
“Paradise (To Be) Regained” (HDT), 155–56
Pardena, Celesta, 290–91
Parker, Theodore, 78, 141, 345, 368, 447; criticized HDT essay, 116
Parkman, Prof. George, murdered by J. Webster, 68
partridges, HDT’s “radiant” entry about, 136
Peabody, Augustus, 62
Peabody, Elizabeth Palmer, 78, 88, 97–98, 119, 326, 392, 481; as Dial publisher, 131, 148; first published “Civil Disobedience,” 248–49, 263; a founder of Temple School, 97; and HDT, 137; as pioneering educator, 97–98; Record of a School, 78, 97; sells Thoreau pencils, 165–66
Peeling (now Woodstock), NH, 109
Peirce, Prof. Benjamin, 67, 310
Pellico, Silvio, 140; My Prisons, 210
Pemigewasset Valley (NH), 109
Penacook (Indian people), 107
pencil manufacture, in America, 38–40, 515n42, 516n43; HDT improved processes of, 94, 164–66. See also John Thoreau & Company
Penn, James (early church leader), 59
Penny Magazine for children, 237, 538n17
Penobscot (Indian people). See Native Americans (Indians)
Penobscot River (ME), 217–18, 335
Pequot War (1636–37), 16
Perkins, Henry Coit, 543n17
Perkins School for the Blind, 118
Perth Amboy, NJ, 392
Pestalozzi, J. H., 9
Petrulionis, Sandra Harbert, 536n83, 563n139
Phalanx, The, 161
Phillips, Wendell, 142, 327, 368, 456; and Anthony Burns protests, 345; defended by RWE, 168; first Lyceum talk, 142–43; HDT on, 185; public refutation of his critics, 166–67; second Lyceum talk, 166; third Lyceum talk, 184–85
Pilgrims, 12; and Indians, 13; landing at Plymouth, 310
Pillsbury, Parker, 466, 479; visited dying HDT, 495
Pindar, translated by HDT, 158, 162
Pinkham Notch, NH, 430
Pittsfield, MA, 174
plant life, essential to humans, 203
plant succession, hypothesized by HDT, 384–86, 470–71, 485. See also ecology, in HDT’s thinking; forest history; “Succession of Forest Trees” (HDT)
“Plea for Captain John Brown” (HDT), 451–53; found no publisher, 453; popular responses to, 451–53; published, 456
Plymouth, MA, 121, 228, 310; HDT visited Plymouth Rock, 310
Plymouth, NH, 109, 432
Poe, Edgar Allan, 153
“Poet, The” (RWE essay), 170
poetry, English, 123; Chaucer, Gower, Douglas, 123; Gray, 434; Tennyson, 144, 145, 434; Wordsworth, 123, 434
Polis, Joseph, 407–20, 427, Fig. 37; believed education essential, 418; encountered D. Webster, 414; fought for Union, 497; guided HDT’s party, 408–9; HDT concerned over Polis’s reaction to Maine Woods, 421, 497; at home everywhere, 419; and moose hunting, 416; oneness with nature, 410–12; religiousness of, 558n23; taught HDT “all he knew,” 407–13, 416–18; wide experience as Penobscot leader, 407–8, 418
Polis, Peter (Pielpole) (Joseph’s brother), 428
Polk, James A., 207; pro-slavery politics of, 207–8
poll tax, 209
Pomola (spirit of Katahdin), 219
Portland, ME, 217, 262, 281
Pottawatomie Creek murders, committed by John Brown, 445
Potter, Daniel F., 85, 531n119
Prairie du Chien, WI, 483, 489
Pratt, Minot, 363, 385, 442, 452, 562n105; son married Anna Alcott, 424
“Praying Indians” of Nashoba, 4, 16–17
Present, The, 154, 161
Presidential Range (White Mountains, NH), 431
Prichard, Elizabeth, marries Edward Hoar, 461
Prichard, Frances Jane (Fanny), 425
Prichard, Jane Hallett, 532n1, 550n73, 560n76
Prichard, Moses, 27, 39
Provincetown, MA, 280, 367
Putnam, Rev. George, 78
Putnam’s Monthly magazine, 302, 333; HDT’s quarrel with, 302
Quakers, 25, 320, 393
Quakish Lake (ME), 221
Quincy, Josiah III (Harvard president), 57, 77; critical of HDT’s attitude, 79; inflexible grading system of, 63, 73, 76, 78; reaction to Dunkin Rebellion, 64; recommended HDT for teaching position, 95; tolerated HDT’s green coat, 60, 82, 95
racism: Agassiz’s ideas as a basis for, 458–59; disproved by Darwin theory, 458–59; “scientific” justification for, 366
railroad, 163–64, 191, 330, Fig. 20; transformed Concord, 181, 236–37
Raleigh, Sir Walter, 142
Ramsey, Alexander, 487
Rasles, Sebastian, Abenaki dictionary, 427
Red Jacket (Seneca leader), 76; HDT named boat after, 76–77
Red Owl (Dakota spokesman), 487
Redpath, James, 464; published “Plea for Captain John Brown,” 456
Red Wing (Dakota leader), 489
Red Wing, MN, 483
Redwood, MN, 486
religion, 93, 116; Asian religions, 145–46, 381–82; in Concord, 47–49; and conscience, 49; controversies over, 48, 146; devolution of, 49. See also Bhagavad Gita; blasphemy; Buddha and Buddhism; Christianity
resistance, 215, 248–52; ultimate meaning of, 253–54; united civil disobedience of Concord citizens, 465
Revere, Paul, 18
Revolution of 1776, 17–18, 279
Revolution of 1848 (Paris), 238
Reynolds, Rev. Grindall, 465, 495, 561n89; served at HDT’s funeral, 499
Rice, Charles, 62, 80
Richardson, James, 62; quoted, 82
Richardson, Robert D., Jr., 546n60, 554n32, 564n7
Richelieu River (Canada), 296
Ricketson, Daniel, 362–63, 382, 388, 402–3, 423–26, 434, Fig. 30; could not bear to pay final visit to HDT, 497–98; and death of HDT’s father, 436–37; and family, 369–70; HDT entertained Louisa (Mrs. R.) and daughter Anna, 401; HDT reciprocated visit, 378–79; last visit and last letter from HDT, 492–93; met and hosted HDT, 369, Fig. 31; sensed political “crisis,” 448; was stuck with Ellery Channing “problem,” 389–90; visited ailing HDT, 378
Riordan, Catherine, 328–29
Riordan, Johnny and family, 328, 549n40
Ripley, George, 74, 78, 111, 119, 265, 272; letter of recommendation for HDT, 95. See also Brook Farm
Ripley, Rev. Ezra, 17–18, 26; aided Mary Dunbar, 33; baptized infant HDT, 34–35; death of, 134; faced secession of dissenters, 47–48; as leader of First Parish Church, 28, 58; proposed Revolutionary monument, 79
Ripley, Sarah Alden Bradford, 58, 88, 498, 555n71
River Meadow Association, 442; commissioned HDT’s river survey, 442–43; members include HDT’s closest friends, 442
Robbins, Susan (Mrs. Jack Garrison), and family, 201
Robinson, David, xviii, 527n26, 553n16
Rocky Mountains (WY), 500
Rogers, Nathaniel P., 169; HDT praises, 169–70
Rossi, William, 542n87, 542n4
Round, Phillip, 550n65, 558n18
Rouquette, Adrien, 362
Rowlandson, Mary, 5
Rowse, Samuel Worcester, 361, 36
3; reactions to his portrait of HDT, 361, 388
Royal, Mount (Quebec), 299
Rozier, Mrs. John, 379
Ruskin, John, 425; HDT and Modern Painters, 426
Russell, Charles, 62
Russell, E. Harlow, 476, 568n87
Russell, John Lewis, 361–62, 421, 433
Russell, Mary, 114, 310, 404, 478, 493; HDT’s “Maiden in the East,” 121; married Marston Watson, 228
Saddleback Mountain (Mount Greylock, Adams, MA), 174, 271, 481
Salem, MA, 260, 433; Hawthorne at, 324
Salem Charitable Mechanic Association, 165
Sales, Francis, 66
Salvages (rock formation off Cape Ann, MA), 433
Sanborn, Franklin B., 170, 360, 372–73, 375, 442, 448, 462, 497; antislavery activism of, 446–47, 453, 455; arrested and rescued (1860), 464–66; discovers Darwin, 458–59; first biographer of HDT, 372; ran school in Concord, 373, 463; took part in Harpers Ferry raid, 451, 562n114
Sanborn, Sarah (Franklin’s sister), 464
Sartor Resartus (Carlyle), 78
Sattelmeyer, Robert, 519n41, 542n87, 546n60, 565–66n38
science, 272, 274; HDT on, 306; HDT reads voraciously in, 308; HDT’s visceral feeling for, 288; importance of, to HDT, 228–30, 275; “quiet bravery” of, 132; science’s “mistake,” 426; scientist as poet, 307; value, for HDT, of Darwinian theory of natural selection, 457–60
Scituate, MA, 103, 105, 106, 111–13, 309
Scott, Sir Walter, 297
scripture, 145, 274; allied with science, 274; HDT’s writing as, 191–92, 271, 355
Sears, Rev. Edmund, 455
“Secret Six” (John Brown supporters), 447
Sedgwick, Catherine, 149
self-culture, 87–88
self-reliance, 82; “Self-Reliance” (RWE essay), 120
Seneca Falls Convention, 320
“Service, The” (HDT), 117
Sewall, Caroline (Ward), 103
Sewall, Edmund (Ellen’s brother), 100; HDT’s attraction to, 104
Sewall, Ellen, 104, 124, 309, Fig. 28; courted by John, Jr., 111–12; HDT’s love for, 105; HDT’s rivalry with John over, 105; marriage to J. Osgood, 114; rejected John and HDT, 113–14
Sewall, George, 104
Sewall, Rev. Edmund Quincy (Ellen’s father), 113, 309
Seward, William, 317
Shackford, Charles C., 559n43
shanties, of Irish laborers, 164, 187–90, 191
Shattuck, Daniel, 46, 284
Shattuck, Lemuel, 12, 398
Shaw, Hon. Lemuel, 465
shipwrecks: on Cape Cod, 276–78; at Fire Island, 290–94, 538n7