Katherine the Queen: The Remarkable Life of Katherine Parr
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8 The Coat of Arms of Katherine Parr at Snowshill Manor © NTPL / Stuart Cox.
Henry VIII, Circle of Hans Holbein the Younger, courtesy of Sotheby’s Picture Library.
Henry VIII, 16th Century English School © Society of Antiquities, London / Bridgeman Art Library.
SECTION TWO
1 Edward VI, Studio of William Scrots, 16th Century, courtesy of Sotheby’s Picture Library.
Edward VI, by Guillim Stretes, 16th Century © Musée du Louvre, Paris / akg-images.
Lady Jane Grey by unknown artist © National Portrait Gallery, London.
2 Mary Tudor at the age of twenty-eight by Master John, 1544 © National Portrait Gallery / Bridgeman Art Library.
3 Elizabeth I when Princess, attributed to William Scrots, circa 1546, The Royal Collection © 2009, Her Majesty Queen Elzabeth II.
4 Mary Tudor, Studio of Antonio Moro, 16th Century © Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, Boston, MA / Bridgeman Art Library.
Signature of Queen Elizabeth I © akg-images.
Queen Elizabeth I in coronation robes, 16th Century English School, circa 1559–1600 © National Portrait Gallery / Bridgeman Art Library.
5 Cover of Elizabeth’s translation of The Mirror of the Sinful Soul (MS.Cherry 36) © Bodleian Library, Oxford.
Cover of Elizabeth’s translation of Prayers or Meditations (Royall MS 7.D.x) © British Library, London.
Mary Howard, Duchess of Richmond, by Holbein, Royal Library, Windsor, The Royal Collection © 2009, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II.
6 Edward Seymour by Hans Holbein the Younger, 16th Century © The Trustees of the Weston Park Foundation, UK / Bridgeman Art Library.
Anne Stanhope, Duchess of Somerset, English, 16th Century © National Gallery of Ireland.
7 Oval portrait of an unknown man (thought to be Thomas Seymour), 1543, attributed to Hans Holbein the Younger, ca. 1497–1543. Formerly attributed to Luke Horenbout, 1490/95–1544. Gouache on thin card, edge trimmed in gold (4.6cm). Courtesy Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Collection (B1974.2.58).
Thomas Seymour, 16th Century English School © National Portrait Gallery / Bridgeman Art Library.
8 Katherine Parr’s tomb at Sudeley and inscription on Katherine Parr’s coffin, both reproduced by kind permission of Sudeley Castle, Gloucestershire.
Katherine Brandon by Francesco Bartolozzi, after Hans Holbein the Younger, stipple engraving © National Portrait Gallery, London.
1. This striking portrait in Lambeth Palace, the earliest of Katherine, conveys her intelligence and fortitude.
The Great Hall at Gainsborough Old Hall, where Katherine lived during her first marriage to Edward Borough.
2. Katherine’s much-loved younger brother, William Parr, in the late 1530s.
St Mary’s Chapel at Snape Castle is one of the few surviving examples of a pre-Reformation private chapel in England. The Latimer family worshipped here.
Snape Castle, Bedale, Yorkshire. Katherine’s home during her marriage to Lord Latimer and where she was held hostage during the Pilgrimage of Grace.
3. Cuthbert Tunstall, diplomat and churchman, and kinsman to Katherine’s father. He was an important constant in Katherine’s life.
Katherine’s bedchamber at Sudeley.
4. The grounds of Sudeley Castle, showing the chapel where Katherine is buried.
The Habsburg emperor Charles V, ruler of most of Europe and rival of Henry VIII. He initially viewed Katherine Parr as a useful ally.
5. A contemporary woodcut showing the martyrdom of the religious reformer, Anne Askew, a gentlewoman uncomfortably close to Katherine Parr.
Thomas Howard, third duke of Norfolk, whose cunning helped defeat the Pilgrimage of Grace in 1536.
Stephen Gardiner, bishop of Winchester, who married Henry VIII and Katherine Parr in 1543. An opponent of further religious reform, he became Katherine’s enemy.
6. Thomas Wriothesley, later earl of Southampton, was lord chancellor in the last years of Henry VIII’s reign. An able administrator, he is often viewed as a religious conservative, but his major interest was in self-advancement. He was certainly involved in moves to compromise those close to Katherine, including the interrogation and torture of Anne Askew.
Every inch a queen. This fulllength portrait shows Katherine Parr at the high point of her time as Henry VIII’s consort.
7. The queen’s signature. The addition of the initials KP, her family name, was unique among Henry’s wives.
Katherine painted in about 1545, regal, serene and magnificently dressed.
8. Katherine’s coat of arms.
Henry VIII in about 1540, magnificent but already overweight.
The ageing Henry VIII as he probably looked at the time of his last marriage.
1. Edward VI, the stepson who adored Katherine Parr, shortly before his accession to the throne in 1547.
An older Edward as king, with no evidence of the illness that was to take his life in the summer of 1553.
2. A recently discovered portrait thought to be Lady Jane Grey, Katherine’s ward and chief mourner at her funeral.
Mary Tudor, eldest child of Henry VIII, in 1544, the year she was restored to the succession. She was close to Katherine, whose friendship brought her much happiness in an otherwise difficult life. Mary’s youthful attractiveness is still evident here.
3. Princess Elizabeth in the last year of her father’s reign, shortly before she joined Katherine Parr’s household and began her dangerous flirtation with Sir Thomas Seymour.
4. Mary Tudor as queen, in an unflattering portrait commissioned by her husband, Philip II of Spain. A decade of stress and uncertainty had taken its toll.
The coronation portrait of the twenty-five-year-old Elizabeth I.
Elizabeth’s signature as queen.
5. The cover of Elizabeth’s translation of The Mirror of the Sinful Soul, given to Katherine as a New Year’s gift in 1544/45. The queen’s initials, KP, are in the centre.
Elizabeth’s gift to her father on 20 December 1545 was this sumptuously embroidered trilingual translation of her stepmother’s Prayers or Meditations.
Mary Howard, duchess of Richmond, Norfolk’s daughter and widow of Henry Fitzroy, Henry VIII’s illegitimate son. She was twice considered as a wife for Sir Thomas Seymour, Katherine Parr’s last husband.
6. Edward Seymour, duke of Somerset. The elder brother of Jane Seymour and uncle of Edward VI, he took over the government of England after Henry VIII’s death. His relationship with Katherine, both as dowager queen and wife of his younger brother, Thomas, was uneasy.
Anne Stanhope, duchess of Somerset, was the duke’s second wife. Fecund and feisty, she had been one of Katherine’s ladies-in-waiting, but despite their shared religious views, the queen disliked her intensely.
7. A miniature of Sir Thomas Seymour from the time he first wooed Katherine, prior to her marriage to Henry VIII.
8. Katherine’s tomb in St Mary’s Chapel at Sudeley Castle, rebuilt by Victorian architect George Gilbert Scott.
The inscription on Katherine’s coffin.
Katherine Brandon, duchess of Suffolk. A close friend of Katherine’s, she was the reluctant guardian of the queen’s orphaned daughter, Lady Mary Seymour.
First published 2010 by Macmillan
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