Terrible Victory
Page 53
4 Reginald Roy, 1944: The Canadians in Normandy (Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, 1984), 315.
5 Ibid., 315–16.
6 Col. C.P. Stacey, The Victory Campaign: The Operations in North-West Europe, 1944–1945, vol. 3 (Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1960), 270–71.
7 Ibid., 181.
8 Ibid., 266.
9 Ibid., 267–68.
10 George Blackburn, The History of the 4th Field Regiment (n.p., 1945), n.p.
11 Stacey, 291–94.
12 Ronald Gendall Shawcross, What Was It Like? A Rifleman Remembers: Some Memories of World War ii, 1939–1945 (Victoria: Trafford Publishing, 2004), 192–93.
13 Blackburn, n.p.
14 n.a., History of H.Q., R.C.A. 2 CDN INF DIV From 1 Nov 44 to 5 May 45, World War ii (Ottawa: n.p., 1945), 8.
15 Dominick Graham, The Price of Command: A Biography of General Guy Simonds (Toronto: Stoddart, 1993), 178.
16 Jeffrey Williams, The Long Left Flank: The Hard Fought Way to the Reich, 1944–1945 (Toronto: Stoddart, 1988), 33.
17 J.L. Granatstein, The Generals: The Canadian Army’s Senior Commanders in the Second World War (Toronto: Stoddart, 1993), 112–13.
18 Williams, 34.
19 Granatstein, 112.
20 Ibid., 110–11.
21 Graham, 60–62.
22 Ibid., 178.
2: THE JEWEL
1 Chester Wilmot, The Struggle for Europe (London: Collins, 1952), 470.
2 Brian Horrocks with Eversley Belfield and H. Essame, Corps Commander (London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1977), 69.
3 Ibid., 71.
4 R.W. Thompson, The Eighty-Five Days: The Story of the Battle of the Scheldt (London: Hutchinson & Co., 1957), 48.
5 Horrocks, 74.
6 Ibid., 80.
7 W. Denis Whitaker and Shelagh Whitaker, Tug of War: The Canadian Victory that Opened Antwerp (Toronto: Stoddart, 1984), 18–39.
8 J.L. Moulton, Battle for Antwerp: The Liberation of the City and the Opening of the Scheldt, 1944 (New York: Hippocrene Books, 1978), 34.
9 B.H. Liddell Hart, The Tanks: The History of the Royal Tank Regiment, vol. 2: 1939–1945 (London: Cassell, 1959), 414.
10 P.K. Kemp, The History of the 4th Battalion King’s Shropshire Light Infantry (T.A.) 1745–1945 (Shrewsbury, England: Wilding & Son, 1955), 119.
11 Whitaker, 39–40.
12 Horrocks, 81.
13 B.H. Liddell Hart, History of the Second World War (New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1970), 567.
14 Whitaker, 40.
15 L.F. Ellis with A.E. Warhurst, Victory in the West: Volume ii: The Defeat of Germany (London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1968), 9–10.
16 Charles B. MacDonald, United States Army in World War ii: The European Theater of Operations—The Siegfried Line Campaign (Washington: Office of the Chief of Military History United States Army, 1963), 207.
17 Forrest C. Pogue, Supreme Command (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1954), 255.
18 Bernard Law Montgomery, The Memoirs of Field Marshal The Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, K.G. (London: Collins, 1958), 275.
19 Ellis, 5.
20 Ibid., 72.
21 Wilmot, 494.
22 Ibid., 472.
23 Arnold Warren, Wait for the Waggon: The Story of The Royal Canadian Army Service Corps (Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1961), 310.
24 Warren, 308.
25 Ibid., 309–10.
26 Col. C.P. Stacey, The Victory Campaign: The Operations in North-West Europe, 1944–1945, vol. 3 (Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1960), 300.
27 Ellis, 131–32.
28 MacDonald, 207.
29 Ibid., 10.
30 Ibid., 10–11.
31 Report No. 69 Historical Section Army Headquarters: “The Campaign in North-West Europe, Information from German Sources—Part III: German Defence Operations in the Sphere of First Canadian Army (23 Aug.–8 Nov. 44),” Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 30 July, 1954, para. 50–51.
32 Ibid., 55.
33 Ibid., 51–52.
34 Wilmot, 480.
35 “The Campaign in North-West Europe, Information from German Sources—Part III,” 66–79.
3: THE STREETCAR WAR
1 L.F. Ellis with A.E. Warhurst, Victory in the West: Volume II: The Defeat of Germany (London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1968), 12–15.
2 Col. C.P. Stacey, The Victory Campaign: The Operations in North-West Europe, 1944–1945, vol. 3 (Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1960), 356.
3 Ibid., 330.
4 Ibid., 327.
5 Ellis, 19.
6 Stacey, 331.
7 Ibid., 359–60.
8 Jean Bouchery, The Canadian Soldier in North-West Europe, 1944–1945, trans: Alan McKay (Paris: Histoire & Collections, 2003), 14.
9 I Battalion, Royal Regiment of Canada War Diary, September 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, n.p.
10 Essex Scottish Regiment War Diary, September 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 6.
11 George Blackburn, The History of the 4th Field Regiment (n.p., 1945), n.p.
12 Essex Scottish War Diary, 6.
13 Ken M. Hossack, Mike Target (Ottawa: n.p., 1945), 23.
14 Essex Scottish War Diary, 6.
15 Johan van Doorn, correspondence with author, Sommelsdijk, Holland, June 3, 2006.
16 Headquarters 2nd Canadian Infantry Division, G Branch, War Diary, September 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 6
17 W. Denis Whitaker and Shelagh Whitaker, Tug of War: The Canadian Victory that Opened Antwerp (Toronto: Stoddart, 1984), 139.
18 4th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, September 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 13–15.
19 D.J. Goodspeed, Battle Royal: A History of the Royal Regiment of Canada, 1862–1962 (Toronto: The Royal Regiment of Canada Assoc., 1962), 488.
20 Hossack, 21.
21 Whitaker, 135–36.
22 Hossack, 24.
23 Blackburn, History of the 4th Field Regiment, n.p.
24 Hossack, 24.
25 Ibid., 25.
26 Goodspeed, 489.
27 2nd Canadian Infantry Division, G Branch, War Diary, September 1944, 7.
28 Ibid.
29 Kingsley Brown, Sr., Kingsley Brown, Jr., and Brereton Greenhous, Semper Paratus: The History of The Royal Hamilton Light Infantry (Wentworth Regiment), 1862–1977 (Hamilton: The RHLI Historical Assoc., 1977), n.p.
30 Royal Hamilton Light Infantry War Diary, September 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 12
31 Essex Scottish War Diary, September 1944, 7.
32 George Blackburn, The Guns of Victory: A Soldier’s Eye View, Belgium, Holland, and Germany, 1944–45 (Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1996), 30.
33 Essex Scottish War Diary, September 1944, 7.
34 4th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, September 1944, 16.
4: A VERY HEAV Y PROGRAM
1 Report No. 188 Historical Section Canadian Military Headquarters: “Canadian Participation in the Operations in North-West Europe–Part vi: Canadian Operations, 1 Oct–8 Nov, The Clearance of the Scheldt Estuary,” Department of National Defence, 7 April, 1948, 6.
2 Col. C.P. Stacey, The Victory Campaign: The Operations in North-West Europe, 1944–1945, vol. 3 (Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1960), 364.
3 “1st Polish Armoured Division Operational Report,” RG24, vol. 10942, Library and Archives Canada, 31.
4 Ibid., 30.
5 Polozy ński Antoni, 10 Pulk Strzelców Konnych (NÜrnberg, Germany: F. Willmy GmbH, 1947), n.p.
6 Report No. 69 Historical Section Army Headquarters: “The Campaign in North-West Europe, Information from German Sources—Part iii: German Defence Operations in the Sphere of First Canadian Army (23 Aug.–8 Nov. 44),” Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 30 July, 1954, para. 89.
7 “1st Polish Armoured Division Operational Report,” 30.
8 Ibid., 26.
<
br /> 9 Ibid., 31.
10 “The Clearance of the Scheldt Estuary,” 6.
11 L.F. Ellis with A.E. Warhurst, Victory in the West: Volume ii: The Defeat of Germany (London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1968), 59.
12 Stacey, 369–73.
13 “Polders and Waterways of the Netherlands,” Crerar Papers, MG30, vol. 3, Library and Archives Canada, 1–12.
14 “Report on the Islands of South Beveland and Walcheren and the Mainland Opposite the Islands to the South of the River Scheldt,” RG 24, vol. 10539, Library and Archives Canada, 1.
15 “The Clearance of the Scheldt Estuary,” 8–9.
16 Stacey, 392.
17 “The Clearance of the Scheldt Estuary,” 9.
18 Chester Wilmot, The Struggle for Europe (London: Collins, 1952), 501.
19 Ibid., 408–22.
20 Bernard Law Montgomery, Normandy to the Baltic (London: Hutchinson, 1947), 186.
21 Bernard Law Montgomery, The Memoirs of Field Marshal The Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, K.G (London: Collins, 1958), 294.
22 Ibid., 297.
23 Stacey, 336–43.
24 Ibid., 352.
25 Ibid., 352–54.
26 Ibid., 392.
27 Ibid., 364.
28 “The Clearance of the Scheldt Estuary,” 7–8.
29 Stacey, 370.
30 “The Clearance of the Scheldt Estuary,” 11–15.
31 Ibid., 9–10.
5: ILLUSION OF VICTORY
1 “Simonds to Crerar, 21 September 1944,” Crerar Papers. MG30, vol. 2, Library and Archives Canada, 1–4.
2 Col. C.P. Stacey, The Victory Campaign: The Operations in North-West Europe, 1944–1945, vol. 3 (Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1960), 371–72.
3 Crerar handwritten notes on “Simonds to Crerar,” Crerar Papers, MG30, vol. 2, Library and Archives Canada, 3–4.
4 Stacey, 373.
5 Ibid., 374.
6 “Notes for Conference on Operationx ‘Infatuate,’” 22 September 1944, Crerar Papers, MG30, vol. 2, Library and Archives Canada, 1–4.
7 “Conference: Operation Infatutate, 1430a hrs 23 Sep,” Crerar Papers, MG30, vol. 2, Library and Archives Canada, 1–3.
8 “Extract from R.A.F. Narrative: The Liberation of North-West Europe, The Assault on Walcheren,” 570.013(d3a), Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 3.
9 “Conference: Operation ‘Infatuate,’” 3–4.
10 “Extract from R.A.F. Narrative,” 3.
11 Report No. 188 Historical Section Canadian Military Headquarters: “Canadian Participation in the Operations in North-West Europe–Part VI: Canadian Operations, 1 Oct–8 Nov, The Clearance of the Scheldt Estuary,” Department of National Defence, 7 April, 1948, 36.
12 Terry Copp, The Brigade: The Fifth Canadian Infantry Brigade, 1939–1945 (Stoney Creek, on: Fortress Publications, 1992), 126.
13 Headquarters 2nd Canadian Infantry Division, G Branch, War Diary, September 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 6.
14 1st Battalion, The Black Watch (RHR) of Canada War Diary, September 1944, RG24., Library and Archives Canada, n.p.
15 Calgary Highlanders War Diary, September 1944, RG24., Library and Archives Canada, 29.
16 Copp, 37.
17 Headquarters 2nd Canadian Infantry Division War Diary, 6.
18 Calgary Highlanders War Diary, 31–32.
19 The Black Watch War Diary, n.p.
20 Copp, 126–27.
21 Paul P. Hutchison, Canada’s Black Watch: The First Hundred Years, 1862–1962 (Montreal: The Black Watch (rhr) of Canada, 1962), 228.
22 Calgary Highlanders War Diary, 33.
23 David Bercuson, Battalion of Heroes: The Calgary Highlanders in World War ii (Calgary: Calgary Highlanders Regimental Funds Foundation, 1994), 143.
24 Ibid., 144–45.
25 “Sergeant Clarence Kenneth Crockett, DCM,” http://www.calgaryhighlanders.com/history/crockett.htm, July 6, 2006, 2.
26 Bercuson, 146.
27 Ibid., 149.
28 Ibid., 147–48.
29 Stacey, 366.
30 Bercuson, 148–49.
31 Report No. 69 Historical Section Army Headquarters: “The Campaign in North-West Europe, Information from German Sources—Part III. German Defence Operations in the Sphere of First Canadian Army (23 Aug.–8 Nov. 44),” Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 30 July, 1954, paras 93–94.
32 G.L. Cassidy, Warpath: The Story of the Algonquin Regiment, 1939–1945 (Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1948), 159–60.
33 Report No. 183 Historical Section Canadian Military Headquarters: “Canadian Participation in North West Europe, 1944, Part VI. First Canadian Army in the Pursuit (23 Aug–30 Sep),” Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, para 253.
34 Cassidy, 60.
6: POOR DEVILS
1 Report No. 69 Historical Section Army Headquarters: “The Campaign in North-West Europe, Information from German Sources—Part III. German Defence Operations in the Sphere of First Canadian Army (23 Aug.–8 Nov. 44),” Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 30 July, 1954, paras 95–96.
2 Gustav von Zangen, “Ops of 15th German Army,” RG24., vol. 20522, Library and Archives Canada, 67.
3 Ibid., 65–66.
4 Ibid., 68.
5 “The Campaign in North-West Europe, Information from German Sources— Part III.,” 92.
6 Ibid., 104–20.
7 Report No. 183 Historical Section Canadian Military Headquarters: “Canadian Participation in North West Europe, 1944, Part VI. First Canadian Army in the Pursuit (23 Aug–30 Sep),” Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, para 276.
8 Ibid., 277.
9 Ibid.
10 Ibid., para 265.
11 6th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, September 1944, RG24., Library and Archives Canada, 12.
12 Alex McQuarrie, English translation in possession of author from Cent ans d‘histoire d‘un régiment canadien-français: les Fusiliers Mont-Royal, 1869–1969 (Montréal: Editions Du Jour Montréal, 1971), n.p.
13 South Saskatchewan Regiment War Diary, September 1944, RG24., Library and Archives Canada, 17.
14 Cecil Law, “Lochtenberg—23 Sep 44 to 2 Oct 44,” unpublished memoir, in possession of author, 3.
15 “South Saskatchewan Regiment Field Return of Officers, 16 September 1944,” Appendix to South Saskatchewan War Diary, n.p.
16 Cecil Law, correspondence with author, 14 April 2006.
17 Cecil Law, correspondence with author, 10 May 2006.
18 Ibid.
19 Law, “Lochtenberg—23 Sep 44 to 2 Oct 44,” 3–4.
20 Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal War Diary, September 1944, RG24. Library and Archives Canada, n.p.
21 South Saskatchewan War Diary, 1944, n.p.
22 Ibid.
23 Cecil Law, correspondence with author, 14 July 2006.
24 Saskatchewan War Diary, September 1944, n.p.
25 Cecil Law, 14 July 2006.
26 Charles Goodman, interview by author, Saanichton, BC, 2 June 2006.
27 Cecil Law, 14 July 2006.
28 Goodman interview.
29 Cecil Law, 14 July 2006.
30 Goodman interview.
31 Cecil Law, 14 July 2006.
32 Law, “Lochtenberg—23 Sep 44 to 2 Oct 44,” 4–6.
33 Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal War Diary, September 1944, n.p.
34 Ibid.
35 6th Canadian Field Regiment War Diary, September 1944, RG24., Library and Archives Canada, n.p.
36 6th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, 12.
37 Charles E. Goodman, interview by David Gantzer, 1, 5 December, 1979, 16 January 1980, University of Victoria Special Collections.
38 6th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, 12.
39 Law, “Lochtenberg—23 Sep 44 to 2 Oct 44,” 7.
40 Ibid., 6.
41 Cecil
Law, 14 April and 14 July 2006.
42 “The Campaign in North-West Europe, Information from German Sources—Part III.,” 98–100.
43 “Report No. 183 Historical Section Canadian Military Headquarters—Canadian Participation in North West Europe, 1944, Part VI. First Canadian Army in the Pursuit (23 Aug–30 Sep),” para 261.
44 Oberst G. Elmar Warning, “Battles of LXVII Inf Corps Between the Schelde and the Maas, 15 Sep–25 Nov 44,” RG24, vol. 20523, Library and Archives Canada, 9–11.
45 John Benson, “Belgium,” http://fourthlincolns.tripod.com/page5/html, July 18, 2006, 5.
46 N.a., “Fact Sheet No. b21: World War 2–2nd Battalion South Wales Borderers,” http://www.rrw.org.uk/museums/brecon
/fact_sheets/21.htm, July 18, 2006, n.p.
47 H.M. Jackson, The Sherbrooke Regiment (12th Armoured Regiment) (n.p., 1958), 150.
48 “The Campaign in North-West Europe, Information from German Sources—Part III.,” 101.
49 Ibid., 13–14.
50 Jackson, 150–51.
51 Warning, 14.
7: SIMONDS TAKES COMMAND
1 Forrest C. Pogue, Supreme Command (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1954), 297.
2 Bernard Montgomery, “21 Army Group, General Operational Situation and Directive,” Crerar Papers, MG30, vol. 2, Library and Archives Canada, 1–3.
3 Col. C.P. Stacey, The Victory Campaign: The Operations in North-West Europe, 1944–1945, vol. 3 (Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1960), 373.
4 Ibid.
5 N.R. Rodgers, Personal Diary, George Metcalf Archival Collection, Canadian War Museum, n.p.
6 J.L. Granatstein, The Generals: The Canadian Army’s Senior Commanders in the Second World War (Toronto: Stoddart, 1993), 174–75.
7 Dominick Graham, The Price of Command: A Biography of General Guy Simonds (Toronto: Stoddart, 1993), 183.
8 David Bercuson, Battalion of Heroes: The Calgary Highlanders in World War II. (Calgary: Calgary Highlanders Regimental Funds Foundation, 1994), 152.
9 6th Canadian Infantry War Diary, September 1944, RG24. Library and Archives Canada, 13.
10 South Saskatchewan Regiment War Diary, September 1944, RG24., Library and Archives Canada, 23.
11 Cecil Law, “Compilation of South Saskatchewan Regiment Casualties,” in possession of author.