Terrible Victory
Page 55
10 Jackson, 128.
11 G.L. Cassidy, Warpath: The Story of the Algonquin Regiment, 1939–1945 (Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1948), 160.
12 Ibid., 160–63.
13 Algonquin Regiment War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 3–4.
14 Jackson, 128–29.
15 Canadian Scottish War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 5.
16 Reginald H. Roy, Ready for the Fray: The History of the Canadian Scottish Regiment (Princess Mary’s), 1920 to 1955 (Vancouver: Evergreen Press, 1958), 325.
17 Ronald Gendall Shawcross, What Was It Like? A Rifleman Remembers: Some Memories of World War II., 1939–1945 (Victoria: Trafford Publishing, 2004), 209–10.
18 Gordon Brown and Terry Copp, Look to Your Front…Regina Rifles: A Regiment at War, 1944–45 (Waterloo, ON:, Laurier Centre Military Strategic Disarmament Studies, 2001), 146.
19 Shawcross, 211.
20 Canadian Scottish War Diary, October 1944, Appendix 9: Personal Accounts of Battle, Capt. B. Fraser, “WASPS–Flame Throwing Carriers,” 1.
21 Roy, 325.
22 Canadian Scottish War Diary, Appendix 9: Fraser, 1.
23 Shawcross, 211.
24 R.C. Fetherstonhaugh, The Royal Montreal Regiment, 1925–1945 (Westmount, qc: The Royal Montreal Regiment, 1949), 184.
25 First Canadian Army HQ Defence Company (RMR) War Diary, Appendix 5, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 1.
26 Ibid.
27 First Canadian Army HQ Defence Company (RMR) War Diary, Appendix 12, 1–2.
28 First Canadian Army HQ Defence Company (RMR) War Diary, Appendix 5, 2.
29 Fetherstonhaugh, 185–86.
30 “The Bridgehead over the Leopold Canal: Account by Maj. A.L. Gollnick, 2 ic and Capt. C.M. Rehill, Adjt. Regina Rif, Given to Historical Officer, 13 Nov 44,” 145.2r11011(2), Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 2.
31 Evert M. Nordstrom, “1989 account,” The Recollections of the Regina Rifles: n.w. Europe World War 2, June 6, 1944–May 8, 1945 (n.p., n.d.), 4.
32 “The Bridgehead over the Leopold Canal,” 2.
33 Ken Bergin, “The Experiences of One Regina Rifle John as a POW of the Germans and the Russians,” The Recollections of the Regina Rifles: n.w. Europe World War 2, June 6, 1944–May 8, 1945 (n.p., n.d.), 2.
34 Stewart A.G. Mein, Up the Johns! The Story of the Royal Regina Rifles. (North Battleford, sk: Turner-Warwick Publications, 1992), 128.
35 Bergin, 2.
36 Ibid., 2–10.
37 First Canadian Army HQ Defence Company (RMR) War Diary, Appendix 5, 3.
38 Bert Adams (originally Adamoski), “Personal Account,” The Recollections of the Regina Rifles: n.w. Europe World War 2, June 6, 1944–May 8, 1945 (n.p., n.d.), 4.
39 Eric Luxton (ed), 1st Battalion, The Regina Rifle Regiment, 1939–1946 (Regina, sk: The Regiment, 1946), 53.
40 Mein, 129.
41 Shawcross, 212.
42 “The Bridgehead over the Leopold Canal,” 2.
43 T.J. Bell, Into Action with the 12th Field (Utrecht: J. van Boekhoven, 1945), 92.
44 12th Canadian Field Regiment War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 2.
45 First Canadian Army HQ Defence Company (RMR) War Diary, Appendix 12, 3.
13: A HELL OF A WAY TO GO
1 Reginald H. Roy, Ready for the Fray: The History of the Canadian Scottish Regiment(Princess Mary’s), 1920 to 1955 (Vancouver: Evergreen Press, 1958), 326.
2 Royce Marshall correspondence with Reginald Roy, 28 Jan. 1957, Reginald Roy Collection, Special Collections, University of Victoria, 2.
3 Roger Schjelderup correspondence with Reginald Roy, 16 July 1957, Reginald Roy Collection, Special Collections, University of Victoria, 6.
4 Canadian Scottish War Diary, October 1944, Appendix 9: Personal Accounts of Battle, ‘B’ Coy: 1 Bn, C. Scot. R., Lieut. L. Hobden, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 2.
5 L. Hobden correspondence with Reginald Roy, 8 May 1957, Reginald Roy Collection, Special Collections, University of Victoria, 5.
6 Earl English correspondence with Reginald Roy, 12 April 1957, Reginald Roy Collection, Special Collections, University of Victoria, 1.
7 L. Hobden correspondence, 5.
8 Marshall correspondence, 1.
9 Schjelderup correspondence, 2.
10 Marshall correspondence, 2.
11 Schjelderup correspondence, 5–6.
12 Marshall correspondence, 2.
13 Roy, 328.
14 Schjelderup correspondence, 2.
15 Thomas William Lowell Butters, interview by Tom Torrie, 19 August 1987, University of Victoria Special Collections.
16 Schjelderup correspondence, 2.
17 Roy, 328–29.
18 7th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 3.
19 Royal Winnipeg Rifles War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 2.
20 Report No. 188 Historical Section Canadian Military Headquarters: “Canadian Participation in the Operations in North-West Europe–Part vi: Canadian Operations, 1 Oct–8 Nov, The Clearance of the Scheldt Estuary,” Department of National Defence, 7 April, 1948, 56.
21 John Beer interview, interview by David Gantzer, 26 & 28 Nov. 1979, University of Victoria Special Collections.
22 12th Canadian Field Regiment, RCA War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 3.
23 1st Battalion, Regina Rifles War Diary, October 1944, Appendix 5, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 3.
24 Marshall correspondence, 2.
25 “Personal Accounts of Battle, Canadian Scottish, Jun 44–May 45, ‘Two Came Back,’” 145.2c4009 (d11), Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 1.
26 Schjelderup correspondence, 3–4.
27 Ibid.
28 Canadian Scottish War Diary, Appendix 9, ‘B’ Coy: 1 Bn, C. Scot. R., Lieut. L. Hobden, 2
29 Marshall correspondence, 3.
30 Schjelderup correspondence, 4.
31 “Personal Accounts of Battle, Canadian Scottish, Jun 44–May 45, ‘Two Came Back,’” 4 –9.
32 Bruce Tascona and Eric Wells, Little Black Devils: A History of the Royal Winnipeg Rifles (Winnipeg: Frye Publishing, 1983), 176.
33 Will R. Bird, North Shore (New Brunswick) Regiment (Fredericton, nb: Brunswick Press, 1963), 437–39.
34 Jim Parks, interview by Ken MacLeod, Vancouver, BC, November 1997.
35 “The Bridgehead over the Leopold Canal: Account by Maj. A.L. Gollnick, 2 ic and Capt. C.M. Rehill, Adjt. Regina Rif, Given to Historical Officer, 13 Nov 44,” 145.2r11011(2), Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 3.
36 Gordon Brown and Terry Copp, Look to Your Front…Regina Rifles: A Regiment at War, 1944–45 (Waterloo, ON:, Laurier Centre Military Strategic Disarmament Studies, 2001), 146–47.
37 “Tom Odette letter,” The Recollections of the Regina Rifles: n.w. Europe World War 2, June 6, 1944–May 8, 1945 (n.p., n.d.), 2.
38 Eric Luxton (ed), 1st Battalion, The Regina Rifle Regiment, 1939–1946 (Regina, sk: The Regiment, 1946), 53.
39 Roy, 334.
40 Bob Gray, “Life and Death on the Leopold,”The Recollections of the Regina Rifles: n.w. Europe World War 2, June 6, 1944–May 8, 1945 (n.p., n.d.), 1–5.
41 Canadian Scottish War Diary, October 1944, 10.
42 Col. C.P. Stacey, The Victory Campaign: The Operations in North-West Europe, 1944–1945, vol. 3 (Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1960), 395–96.
14: IN THE BACK DOOR
1 N.a., 1st Battalion, The Highland Light Infantry of Canada: 1940–1945 (Galt, ON:, Highland Light Infantry of Canada Assoc., 1951), 66.
2 The Highland Light Infantry of Canada War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 2.
3 “The Amphibious Operation Against the Rear of the ‘Breskens Pocket,’ 9 Oct 44: (a) Accou
nt of the Landing of 9 cdn inf bde, given to Hist Offr 3 CDN INF DIV by Major R. T. Wiltshire, o.c. 80 Sqn, 5 Aslt Regt, R.E., 16 Oct,” Canadian Operations Northwest Europe, MG30, vol. 8,E157, Library and Archives Canada, 7.
4 “Combined Operations Headquarters–Bulletin Y/43: ‘Amphibians in Operation ‘Switchback,’‘” MG30, vol. 8, Library and Archives Canada, 2–7.
5 “The Amphibious Operation Against the Rear of the ‘Breskens Pocket,’ Wiltshire,” 4.
6 North Nova Scotia Highlanders War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, n.p.
7 “Amphibians in Operation Switchback,” 1.
8 Ibid., 6.
9 Ibid., Appendix E.
10 Ibid., 2.
11 North Nova Scotia Highlanders War Diary, October 1944, n.p.
12 Jean E. Portugal, We Were There: The Navy, the Army and the rcaf–A Record for Canada, vol.4 (Shelburne, ON:, The Battered Silicon Dispatch Box, 1998), 1765.
13 North Nova Scotia Highlanders War Diary, October 1944, n.p.
14 “The Assault Across Savojaards Plaat, 8–9 Oct. 44,” RG24, vol. 10908, Library and Archives Canada, 6.
15 1st Battalion, The Highland Light Infantry, 66.
16 “Amphibians in Operation Switchback,” 3.
17 North Nova Scotia Highlanders War Diary, n.p.
18 Ibid.
19 Portugal, 1765.
20 9th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 3.
21 “The Amphibious Operation Against the Rear of the ‘Breskens Pocket,’ 9 Oct 44: (b) Account by Lt.-Cdr. R. D. Franks, R. N. (Naval Liaison Officer, H.Q. First cdn Army) Given to Hist Offr, H.Q. First CDN Army,” Canadian Operations Northwest Europe, MG30, vol. 8,E157, Library and Archives Canada, 8.
22 Ibid.
23 “The Amphibious Operation Against the Rear of the ‘Breskens Pocket,’ Wiltshire,” 6.
24 Ibid., 5.
25 “The Assault Across Savojaards Plaat, 8–9 Oct. 44,” 8.
26 1st Battalion, The Hamilton Light Infantry, 67.
27 “The Amphibious Operation Against the Rear of the ‘Breskens Pocket,’ 9 Oct 44, Franks,” 8.
28 Will R. Bird, No Retreating Footsteps: The Story of the North Nova Scotia Highlanders (Hantsport, ns: Lancelot Press, 1983), 246.
29 North Nova Scotia Highlanders War Diary, October 1944, n.p.
30 The Hamilton Light Infantry War Diary, October 1944, 5.
31 1st Battalion, The Hamilton Light Infantry, 67.
32 Portugal, 1765–66.
33 1st Battalion, The Hamilton Light Infantry, 68.
34 Bird, 249–50.
35 Ibid., 250.
36 Brig. P.A.S. Todd, “Artillery in Operation ‘Switchback‘: Account by Brig. P.A.S. Todd, DSO, OBE, ED, CCRA, 2 CDN CORPS, given to Historical Officer 3 CDN INF DIV, 9 Dec. 1944,” Appendix ‘A,’ Canadian Operations in North-West Europe: October– November 1944, Extracts from War Diaries and Memoranda (Series 18), 018.(d2), Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 18.
37 “The Amphibious Operation Against the Rear of the ‘Breskens Pocket,’ 9 Oct 44, Franks,” 8–9.
38 William Boss, Up the Glens: Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders, 1783– 1994 (Cornwall, ON:, Old Book Store, 1995), 224–25.
39 Ibid., 225.
40 W. Denis Whitaker and Shelagh Whitaker, Tug of War: The Canadian Victory that Opened Antwerp (Toronto: Stoddart, 1984), 292.
41 Jean E. Portugal, We Were There, vol. 3, 1347.
42 Boss, 226.
43 Ibid.
44 Portugal, We Were There, vol. 3, 1347–48.
45 Reginald H. Roy, Ready for the Fray: The History of the Canadian Scottish Regiment (Princess Mary’s), 1920 to 1955 (Vancouver: Evergreen Press, 1958), 336–37.
15: OF FIRST IMPORTANCE
1 W.S. Chalmers, Full Cycle: The Biography of Admiral Sir Bertram Home Ramsay, KCB, KBE, MVC, vol. 2, (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1959), 252.
2 L.F. Ellis with A.E. Warhurst, Victory in the West: Volume II.: The Defeat of Germany (London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1968), 83.
3 Ibid., 85.
4 Ibid., 86–88.
5 Ellis, 88–89.
6 Col. C.P. Stacey, The Victory Campaign: The Operations in North-West Europe, 1944–1945, vol. 3 (Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1960), 389.
7 7th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 4.
8 “Conversation goc 3 CDN INF DIV with Maj-Gen Eberding, goc 64 German Inf Div–1 Nov 44,” 19830036.001, Canadian War Museum, 1.
9 Report No. 69 Historical Section Army Headquarters: “The Campaign in North-West Europe, Information from German Sources—Part III: German Defence Operations in the Sphere of First Canadian Army (23 Aug.–8 Nov. 44),” Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 30 July, 1954, paras 210–13.
10 J.L. Moulton, Battle for Antwerp: The Liberation of the City and the Opening of theScheldt, 1944 (New York: Hippocrene Books, 1978), 149.
11 Hen Bollen, Worsteling om Walcheren, 1939–1945 (Netherlands: Uitgeverij Terra Zuthphen, 1985), 153.
12 Ad van Dijk, interview with author, Vlissingen, 17 May 2003.
13 Bollen, 153.
14 van Dijk interview.
15 Bollen, 156.
16 van Dijk interview.
17 W. Denis Whitaker and Shelagh Whitaker, Tug of War: The Canadian Victory that Opened Antwerp (Toronto: Stoddart, 1984), 267.
18 “The Campaign in North-West Europe, Information from German Sources—Part III.,” 210.
19 Ibid., 209.
20 8th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, n.p.
21 Walter G. Pavey, An Historical Account of the 7th Canadian Reconnaissance Regiment (17th Duke of York’s Royal Canadian Hussars), (Gardenvale, QC: Harpell’s Press, 1948), 77–78.
22 1st Battalion, Regina Rifles War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 7.
23 Ronald Gendall Shawcross, What Was It Like? A Rifleman Remembers: Some Memories of World War II., 1939–1945 (Victoria: Trafford Publishing, 2004), 211–13.
24 Bob Gray, “Life and Death on the Leopold,”The Recollections of the Regina Rifles: n.w. Europe World War 2, June 6, 1944–May 8, 1945 (n.p., n.d.), 5–6.
25 Regina Rifles War Diary, October 1944, n.p.
26 Gray, 6.
27 Regina Rifles War Diary, October 1944, n.p.
28 Shawcross, 212–19.
29 Gordon Brown and Terry Copp, Look to Your Front…Regina Rifles: A Regiment at War, 1944–45 (Waterloo, ON:, Laurier Centre Military Strategic Disarmament Studies, 2001), 143.
30 Lochie Fulton, interview by Ken MacLeod, Victoria, BC, 9 February 1998.
31 Royal Winnipeg Rifles War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 4.
32 Fulton interview.
33 Royal Winnipeg Rifles War Diary, October 1944, 4.
34 Ibid.
35 Fulton interview.
36 Royal Winnipeg Rifles War Diary, October 1944, 4–5.
37 Reginald H. Roy, Ready for the Fray: The History of the Canadian Scottish Regiment (Princess Mary’s), 1920 to 1955 (Vancouver: Evergreen Press, 1958), 337.
38 Royce Marshall correspondence with Reginald Roy, 28 Jan. 1957, Reginald Roy Collection, Special Collections, University of Victoria, 3–4.
39 Canadian Scottish War Diary, October 1944, Appendix 9: Personal Accounts of Battle, Report on ‘C’ coys Attack on the Bridge Across the Leopold Canal October 12 44, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 1.
40 Marshall correspondence, 4.
41 Canadian Scottish War Diary, October 1944, Appendix 9: Personal Accounts of Battle, Charlie Coy’s Activities October 6–13 1944, Reported by Lt. R. S. Marshall, p.c. 15 Pl., 3.
42 Roy, 339.
43 Ibid.
44 Canadian Scottish War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 16.
4
5 Canadian Scottish War Diary, October 1944, Appendix 9: Personal Accounts of Battle, Report on ‘C’ coys Attack on the Bridge Across the Leopold Canal October 12 44, 1.
46 Roy, 340–41.
47 Ibid., 342.
48 Regina Rifles War Diary, October 1944, n.p.
16: THE TOUGHEST YET
1 Report No. 69 Historical Section Army Headquarters: “The Campaign in North-West Europe, Information from German Sources—Part III: German Defence Operations in the Sphere of First Canadian Army (23 Aug.–8 Nov. 44),” Directorate of Heritage and History, Department of National Defence, 30 July, 1954, paras 214–15.
2 “Conversation goc 3 CDN INF DIV with Maj-Gen Eberding, goc 64 German Inf Div–1 Nov 44,” 19830036.001, Canadian War Museum, 1.
3 9th Canadian Infantry Brigade War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 4.
4 Algonquin Regiment War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 7.
5 Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, n.p.
6 Col. C.P. Stacey, The Victory Campaign: The Operations in North-West Europe, 1944–1945, vol. 3 (Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1960), 397.
7 Will R. Bird, No Retreating Footsteps: The Story of the North Nova Scotia Highlanders (Hantsport, ns: Lancelot Press, 1983), 252–53.
8 Ibid., 253.
9 William Boss, Up the Glens: Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders, 1783– 1994 (Cornwall, ON:, Old Book Store, 1995), 226.
10 Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 5.
11 Boss, 227.
12 Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry War Diary, 5–6.
13 Highland Light Infantry War Diary, October 1944, RG24, Library and Archives Canada, 5.
14 Jean E. Portugal, We Were There: The Navy, the Army and the rcaf–A Record for Canada, vol. 4 (Shelburne, ON:, The Battered Silicon Dispatch Box, 1998), 1767.