Book Read Free

The Race Underground: Boston, New York, and the Incredible Rivalry That Built America's First Subway

Page 43

by Most, Doug


  Burrows, Edwin G., and Mike Wallace. Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.

  Byron, Carl. A Pinprick of Light: The Troy and Greenfield Railroad and Its Hoosac Tunnel. Shelburne, Vt.: New England Press, 1974.

  Caplovich, Judd. Blizzard! The Great Storm of ’88. Vernon, Conn.: VeRo, 1987.

  Cashman, Sean Dennis. America in the Gilded Age: From the Death of Lincoln to the Rise of Theodore Roosevelt. New York: New York University Press, 1984.

  Cheape, Charles W. Moving the Masses: Urban Public Transit in New York, Boston, and Philadelphia, 1880–1912. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1980.

  Clarke, Bradley H., and O. R. Cummings. Tremont Street Subway: A Century of Public Service. Boston: Boston Street Railway Association, 1997.

  Clarke, Ted. Brookline, Allston-Brighton and the Renewal of Boston. Charleston: History Press, 2010.

  Cudahy, Brian. Cash, Tokens and Transfers: A History of Urban Mass Transit in North America. New York: Fordham University Press, 1982.

  _____. Change at Park Street Under. Brattleboro, Vt.: Stephen Greene Press, 1972.

  Dalzell, Frederick. Engineering Invention: Frank J. Sprague and the U.S. Electrical Industry. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2010.

  De Hahn, Tracee. The Blizzard of 1888. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 2001.

  Duveneck, Josephine Whitney. Life on Two Levels: An Autobiography. Los Altos Hills, Calif.: Trust for Hidden Villa, 1978.

  Fogelson, Robert. Downtown: Its Rise and Fall, 1880–1950. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001.

  Gies, Joseph. Adventure Underground: The Story of the World’s Greatest Tunnels. New York: Doubleday, 1962.

  Hirsch, Mark David. William C. Whitney: Modern Warwick. Archon Books, 1969.

  Howard, Brett. Boston: A Social History. New York: Hawthorn Books, 1976.

  Hoyt, Edwin. The Whitneys: An Informal Portrait, 1635–1975. New York: Weybright and Talley, 1976.

  Illustrated Boston, the Metropolis of New England. New York: American Publishing and Engraving, 1889.

  Katz, Wallace B. The New York Rapid Transit Decision of 1900. Washington, D.C.: Department of the Interior, National Park Service, n.d. http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/The_New_York_Rapid_Transit_Decision_of_1900_(Katz).

  Kay, Jane Holtz. Lost Boston. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1980.

  Kennedy, Lawrence. Planning the City Upon a Hill: Boston Since 1630. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1992.

  King, Moses. King’s Handbook of Boston. Cambridge: Moses King, 1883.

  Kruh, David. Always Something Doing: Boston’s Infamous Scollay Square. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1989.

  Lyons, Louis. Newspaper Story: One Hundred Years of “The Boston Globe.” Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1971.

  MacGillivray, Don. “Henry Melville Whitney Comes to Cape Breton: The Saga of a Gilded Age Entrepreneur.” Acadiensis, vol. 9, no. 1, Autumn 1979.

  Malcolm, Tom. William Barclay Parsons: A Renaissance Man of Old New York. New York: Parsons Brinckerhoff, 2010.

  McCullough, David. The Great Bridge: The Epic Story of the Building of the Brooklyn Bridge. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983.

  McShane, Clay, and Joel A. Tarr. The Horse in the City: Living Machines in the Nineteenth Century. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007.

  Middleton, William D., and William D. Middleton III. Frank Julian Sprague: Electrical Inventor and Engineer. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2009.

  Miller, John Anderson. Fares, Please! A Popular History of Trolleys, Horsecars, Streetcars, Buses, Elevateds, and Subways. New York: Dover Publications, 1941.

  Morison, Samuel Eliot. One Boy’s Boston, 1887–1901. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1962.

  Murray, Don. Man Against Earth: The Story of Tunnels and Tunnel Builders. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1961.

  Nevins, Allan. Abram S. Hewitt with Some Account of Peter Cooper. New York: Octagon Books, 1967.

  New York Transit Museum with Vivian Heller. The City Beneath Us: Building the New York Subway. New York: W. W. Norton, 2004.

  O’Neill, Gerard. Rogues and Redeemers: When Politics Was King in Irish Boston. New York: Crown Publishers, 2012.

  Passer, Harold C. The Electrical Manufacturers, 1875–1900. New York: Arno Press, 1972.

  Puleo, Stephen. A City So Grand: The Rise of an American Metropolis. Boston: Beacon Press, 2010.

  Rowsome, Frank Jr. Trolley Car Treasury: A Century of American Streetcars, Horsecars, Cable Cars, Interurbans, and Trolleys. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1956.

  Sandler, Martin. Secret Subway: The Fascinating Tale of an Amazing Feat of Engineering. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 2009.

  Sprague, Harriet Chapman Jones. Frank J. Sprague and the Edison Myth. New York: William Frederick Press, 1947.

  Sproat, Barbara J. Boston: Studies in Urban Political Economy: Henry Whitney’s Streetcar Suburb: Beacon Street, Brookline, 1870–1910. Center for the Study of Metropolitan Problems, 1974.

  Strong, Samuel Meredith. The Great Blizzard of 1888. New York: Samuel Meredith Strong, 1938.

  Swanberg, W. A. Whitney Father, Whitney Heiress. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1980.

  Vrabel, Jim. When in Boston. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 2004.

  Walker, James Blaine. Fifty Years of Rapid Transit. New York: Law Printing, 1918.

  Warner, Sam Bass Jr. Streetcar Suburbs: The Process of Growth in Boston, 1870–1900. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1962.

  Weinstein, Asha Elizabeth. “The Congestion Evil: Perceptions of Traffic Congestion in Boston in the 1890s and 1920s.” PhD diss., University of California, Berkeley, 2002.

  Williams, Rosalind. Notes on the Underground: An Essay on Technology, Society and the Imagination. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2008.

  Wolmar, Christian. The Subterranean Railway: How the London Underground Was Built and How It Changed the City Forever. London: Atlantic Books, 2004.

  INDEX

  The index that appeared in the print version of this title does not match the pages in your e-book. Please use the search function on your e-reading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.

  Accommodation (carriage)

  Adams, Cyrus

  airplanes

  air quality in subways

  Albany, New York

  Albert Edward, Prince of Wales

  Algonquin Club

  Allen, Horace G.

  American Institute Fair

  Crystal Palace of

  American Museum of Natural History

  Amory, William Nowland

  Annetello, Alfonzo

  Arcade Railroad

  archaeological finds

  Arthur, Chester A.

  Astoria, New York

  Atlanta, Georgia

  Auburn Tunnel, Pennsylvania

  automobiles

  Aztecs

  Babylonians

  Baltimore, Maryland

  Baltimore Belt Railroad

  barge travel

  Baring Brothers & Co.

  Barone, Joseph

  Barrett, Henry

  baseball

  Bates, Amelia M. and Georgianna H.

  battery-powered rail cars

  Beach, Alfred Ely

  secret tunnel under Broadway

  Beach, Frederick

  Beach, Moses Yale

  Beach Institute, Savannah, Georgia

  Beach Pneumatic Transit Company

  Beacon Street, Boston

  Beal, B. Leighton

  Beamish, Richard

  Beckford, William

  bedrock

  Bell, Alexander Graham

  Belmont, August

  Belmont, August, Jr.

  death of

  finances Cape Cod canal

  finances New York subway

  obtains charter to operate subway

  at
opening of New York subway

  and subway construction

  and transit plans

  Belt Line Street Railway Company (New York)

  fire in stables of (1886)

  search for a new power source for streetcars

  Bentley, Edward

  Berlin

  bicycles

  Big Dig (Boston)

  “Black Friday” (September 24, 1869)

  Blaine, James G.

  Blaxton, William

  blizzard of 1888

  blizzard of 2013

  Board of Rapid Transit Railroad Commissioners (New York)

  Borges, Jorge Luis

  Boston

  1840–1890 population growth

  1890 population

  birthplace of innovation

  land speculation

  municipal government

  Boston Board of Railroad Commissioners

  Boston Common

  The Boston Evening Record

  The Boston Evening Transcript

  Boston Gas Light Company

  The Boston Globe

  Boston & Maine Railroad

  Boston Post

  Boston Public Library

  Boston subway

  bids for construction

  blizzard of 2013

  building of

  connection with elevated lines

  construction methods

  construction workers

  cost of

  damage to, possible, after gas explosion

  deaths during construction

  depth of

  design

  groundbreaking for

  injuries during construction

  lack of official recognition of its opening

  legislation and referendum enabling

  length of lines

  opening day (September 1, 1897)

  operation of

  opposition to

  praised by New York visitors

  public construction and ownership of

  question of where to dig

  ridership

  tours of

  walls and roofs of

  Boston Transit Commission

  Boston transit system

  1825 traffic

  1840s traffic

  1850s traffic

  1890s traffic

  before consolidation

  consolidated from individual lines

  electrification of

  planning of

  public ownership recommended

  rapid transit commission

  subway vs. elevated lines debate

  traffic congestion

  tunnels planned

  Boswell, William A.

  Bowery, New York City

  Bowne, Walter

  Bradford, William

  braking systems, electric

  Broadway, New York City

  Beach’s tunnel under

  travel along

  tunneling under, proposed

  Broadway & Seventh Avenue Railroad

  Brookline, Massachusetts

  Brooklyn, New York

  absorbed by New York City

  elevated rails in

  Brooklyn Bridge

  deaths while building

  opening celebrations

  Brooklyn Museum

  Brower, Abraham

  Brunel, Isambard Kingdom

  Brunel, Marc Isambard

  Bryan, William Jennings

  Bryant, William Cullen

  Buchanan, James

  Budapest

  burial grounds, encountered on subway digs

  Burt, George

  Bushe, Eugene

  Butler, Nicholas Murray

  Byrne, Samuel J.

  Byron, Lord

  Cable Building, Broadway, New York

  cables

  as power source

  in subways

  cable streetcars

  cities with systems of

  disadvantages of

  in New York City

  Cambridge Railroad (Boston)

  Canal Street, New York

  canal tunnels

  Cape Cod Canal

  Carnegie, Andrew

  Carnegie Steel Company

  Carr, James

  carriages, private

  Carroll, John

  Carson, Howard Adams

  Castle Garden, New York

  Chambers & Grand Street Ferry Railroad Company

  Chanute, Octave

  Cheatham, William

  Chicago, Illinois

  electrification

  elevated rails

  population

  subway

  World’s Fair (Columbian Exposition, 1893)

  Church, Sanford E.

  Cincinnati, Ohio

  City and South London Railway (London)

  City Hall, Boston

  Civil Service Commission

  Civil War, American

  Clapp, W. W.

  Clark, J. Latimer

  Clement, Judith

  Cleveland, Grover

  marriage to Flora Folsom

  Cleveland, Ohio

  coach-making industry

  coal used for underground locomotives

  cobblestone streets, travel on

  Coliseum (Rome)

  Collins, Laurinda

  collisions, subway

  Cologne

  Colosseum (Rome)

  Columbia School of Mines

  Columbia University

  Columbus Circle, New York

  Commission to Promote Rapid Transit for the City of Boston and Its Suburbs

  Commonwealth Avenue, Boston

  commuters, in 1825

  conductors

  first subway

  Connors, Maurice

  Conway, Massachusetts

  Cooper, Edward

  Cooper, Hewitt & Co.

  Cooper, Peter

  The Courier & Inquirer

  Crawford and Company

  Crocker, Charles

  Crocker, George G.

  Croker, Edward F.

  Croker, Richard

  Crosby, Oscar T.

  crossings on separated grades

  Crystal Palace Electrical Exhibition (London, 1882)

  Cummings, Prentiss

  Curtis, Edwin

  Daft, Leo

  The Daily Advertiser

  Dalton, Charles H.

  Darlington, Dr. Thomas

  Davis, C. W.

  the dead, encountered on subway digs

  deaths

  electrical accidents

  rail accidents

  tunneling accidents

  Degnon Contracting Company

  Delmonico’s Restaurant, New York City

  Democratic Party

  Denver Railroad, Land & Coal Co.

  department stores

  derailments

  devils, underground

  Devlin, Daniel and Jeremiah

  Dickens, Charles

  Dimock, Henry

  dirt, hauling away

  Doherty, William

  Dominion Coal Company

  doors on subway cars

  dynamite

  dynamo

  Eagen, Michael

  Edison, Thomas

  early career

  electrical interests

  and electric lighting

  and electric motors

  hires Sprague

  inventions

  meets Ford

  mentioned

  undercuts Sprague’s reputation

  Edison Electric Company

  Electrical World

  electric lighting

  electric locomotives

  electric motors

  electric power

  commercial development of

  compared to steam power, as to cost

  delivery method (overhead wires or underground)

  for transit

  electric railroads

  advantages of

 
development of

  Edison’s opinion

  multiple-unit control

  number of

  test runs

  electric streetcars

  opponents of

  elevated railroads, urban

  in Boston

  danger of

  halted by the blizzard of 1888

  in New York City

  number of passengers

  objections to

  preferred to subways

  property values lowered by

  simplicity of construction

  elevators into subways

  Elkins, William

  Ellis Island

  Ellsworth, Elmer Ephraim

  England

  Epps, Moses

  Erie Canal, New York

  Erie Railroad

  Europe, transit systems in

  Evening Mail

  Everson, Edward W.

  Everson and Liddle

  “Everson Stockade”

  explosions during subway construction

  fans, as power source

  fares

  nickel

  farming

  ferry boats

  fertilizer industry

  financial crises. See also panics

  firsts

  electrically powered subway

  New York subway ride

  paying passenger in Boston

  paying passenger in Richmond

  pickpocketing in a subway

  pneumatic railway tube

  street railway accident

  subway accident

  subway conductor

  subway motorman

  tunnel for vehicular traffic

  Fitzgerald, John Francis

  Folsom, Frances

  Folsom, Oscar

  Ford, Henry

  Fourteenth Street armory, New York City

  Fowler, Sir John

  Gaffney, Patrick

  Gaines, Henry

  garment industry

  gas leaks

  and explosion in the Boston subway construction

  gay nineties

  General Electric

  George, Henry

  Gilded Age

  glanders epidemic (New York, 1870)

  Glasgow

  gold, price of

  Goodrich, Arthur

  Gould, Jay

  Grace, William R.

  grain elevators

  Grand Central Terminal, New York

  Grant, Hugh J.

  Grant, Ulysses S.

  Great Epizootic Outbreak (1872)

  Greathead, James Henry

  Greeley, Horace

  Green, Joseph F.

  Green, Margaret

  Green, Dr. Samuel

  Greene, Asa

  Greene, Dana

  Greenhalge, Frederic Thomas

  Groake, James

  Grogan, Michael

  Guild, Courtenay

  Hackett, Paul

  Hall, Abraham

  Hamilton, Alexander

  Hardeman, James

  Harecastle canal tunnel, Staffordshire, England

 

‹ Prev