The Red and the White: A Family Saga of the American West

by Andrew R. Graybill

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  Acknowledgments

  Although it has taken me far longer to complete than I originally anticipated, I have loved writing this book, and I hope that my fascination with the Clarkes shows on every page. As I have told friends and colleagues on numerous occasions, the raw material for the book is a historian’s dream; I leave it to the reader to determine whether I have done it justice.

  Many, many people helped me along the way, and I welcome this opportunity to acknowledge their assistance, beginning, appropriately, with Joyce Clarke Turvey. Joyce fielded a telephone call from me in June 2006 in which I told her of my preoccupation with her family’s history and asked whether she would be willing to help me with my research. She has, time and again, by sitting for interviews, generously providing me with invaluable photos and family memorabilia, and giving me broad latitude in writing the story of the Clarkes. I owe her a tremendous debt, one that I hope is repaid—at least partially—with the completion of this book, which she has waited on most patiently. Joyce’s daughter, Dana Turvey, herself a writer, stepped in at a key moment in the later stages.

  Of course, I might never have found Joyce—or at least not so early on—without the help of Kirby Lambert at the Montana Historical Society, who first put us in touch. I met Kirby and his colleagues at the MHS during a glorious one-month stay in Helena as the James H. Bradley Fellow, generously underwritten by the MHS to use its superb collections. I remain incredibly grateful for
the expert assistance and tremendous personal kindness shown to me by Rich Aarstad, Ellie Arguimbau, Ellen Baumler, Jodi Foley, Kate Hampton, Becca Kohl, Martha Kohl, Molly Kruckenberg, Jeff Malcolmson, Lory Morrow, George Oberst, and Brian Shovers. It was a special treat to work with Molly Holz, editor of Montana: The Magazine of Western History, on an article about Helen P. Clarke that developed from my research at the MHS (and which appears in this book in different form). Thanks also to her assistant editor, Christy Goll, and the other members of Molly’s staff. I feel privileged to have met Dave Walter before his untimely death in 2006.

  Other Montanans showed me wonderful hospitality as well, none more than a handful of individuals on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation who consented to be interviewed about Piegan history and culture. My book is far better for the insights provided by Darrell Robes Kipp, Carol Murray, Darrell Norman, Marvin Weatherwax, and Lea Whitford. Thanks also to Donald Pepion, who grew up on the reservation but now lives in the Southwest, for visiting the University of Nebraska to present his own research on the Marias Massacre and to sit for an interview with me. I am grateful also to the following Treasure State residents: Stan Hayne, for speaking with me about his study of the Marias Massacre site; Lyndel Meikle, park ranger at the Grant-Korhs Ranch National Historic Site, for information on Johnny Grant; Bob Morgan, former curator of collections at the MHS, who corresponded with me about his relationship with John Clarke; Ripley Schemm, for hosting me on an early visit to Missoula and introducing me to Lois Welch (and to Ripley’s niece, Ariadne Schemm, for putting me in touch with her aunt); to Charles M. Stone, for sharing his knowledge about the Bar X Six Ranch; Dick Thoroughman, for information about Fort Shaw; and especially Mary Scriver, editor of an indispensable blog about Montana’s past and present (among other subjects), who cheerfully fielded numerous inquiries from me.

  I offer my heartfelt thanks to archivists, librarians, and volunteers at a range of institutions: the American Antiquarian Society, especially Ashley Cataldo; the Archdiocese of Milwaukee, especially Shelly Solberg; the Bridgeman Art Library, especially Kajette Solomon; the C. M. Russell Museum; the Cumberland County (Pennsylvania) Historical Society, especially Barbara Landis and John Slonaker; Fort Union National Historic Site; the Gallaudet University Library, Deaf Collections and Archives, especially Michael Olson; the Glacier County (Montana) Historical Society; the Glenbow-Alberta Institute, especially Jim Bowman and Doug Cass; Historic Fort Snelling, especially Nancy Cass, Matthew Cassaday, and Tom Lalim; the Joslyn Museum, especially Anne Crouchley; the Milwaukee Public Library, especially Audrey Barbakoff and Jennifer Heidel; the Minnesota Historical Society, especially Eileen McCormick and Eric Mortenson; the Missouri History Museum, especially Jaime Bourassa and Amanda Claunch; the Montana State University Library, Merrill G. Burlingame Special Collections; the Museum of Nebraska Art, especially Gina Garden; the National Anthropological Archives, especially Daisy Njoku; the National Archives and Records Administration in Washington, D.C., especially Mary Frances Ronan and Barbara Rust, and the NARA regional branches in Fort Worth and Kansas City, especially Stephen Spence; the North Dakota School for the Deaf, especially Carmen Suminski; the Oklahoma History Center; the Overholser Research Center and Schwinden Library at Fort Benton, especially Bob Doerk, Bruce Druliner, and, most of all, Ken Robison, who answered countless questions and supplied me with critical citations and documents; the Texas General Land Office, especially John Molleston; the Southern Methodist University Libraries; the United States Military Academy Archives, especially Suzanne Christoff and Casey Madrick; the University of Montana Library, K. Ross Toole Archives; and the University of Nebraska Libraries.