Salon, 218
Sammet, Jean E., 70, 72, 73
San Francisco Bay Area, 95–98, 100–102, 104–6, 109, 135, 179
San Francisco Public Library, 106
San Francisco Switchboard, 97
Scientific Data Systems 940 (SDS-940), 96–99, 101, 103–5, 107, 109–10
search engines, 115, 154
Sears, 225
Secret Paths games, 232, 236
Sega, 233
Semantic Web, 174
Seneca Falls Conference on the Rights of Women, 11
September 11 terrorist attacks, 150, 200–201, 204
Sharp, Elliot, 187
Shepard, Alan, 24
Sherman, Aliza, 131–32, 140, 143, 214
Shirky, Clay, 181
Shone, Mya, 96, 104–6
Silicon Alley, 146, 182, 184, 186–88, 191–94, 196–201, 218, 219
Silicon Alley Reporter, 198–99
Simpson, O. J., 150
Smithsonian Institution, 62
Snyder, Elizabeth “Betty,” see Holberton, Elizabeth “Betty”
social media, 97, 137, 139–41, 148, 149, 151, 152, 201, 207, 210, 241, 242
Facebook, 139, 141, 148, 149, 151, 210
Reddit, 149
Twitter, 149, 150, 151
Social Services Referral Directory, 105–7, 215
Sodoeka, Yoshi, 193
software, 56, 74, 88, 94, 132, 163
crisis in, 76–78
distinction between hardware and, 33
women and, 51–52
see also programming
software engineering, use of term, 77–78, 93
Somerville, Mary, 16, 21
Space Task Force, 24
spanning-tree protocol, 126–28
Speiser, Jane, 99–100
Stahl, Mary, 114, 118, 120, 122
Stanford University, 110, 153, 154
Augmentation Research Center at, 111–12, 116
Starrs, Josephine, 237
Stevenson, Adlai, 60
stock market crash, 198–200, 201
Stone, Allucquére Rosanne, 143
subroutines, 37
Suck.com, 194, 201–2
Sun Link Service, 162
Sun Microsystems, 161, 162, 210
Sutton, Jo, 239
Switchboards, 97–98, 100, 101, 105
Symbolics, 161, 162
Symbolics Document Examiner, 162
system administrators (sysops), 130, 131
Talmud, 154
Tandy, 225
Tannenbaum, Rob, 137
telephone companies, 24
Telepresence Research, 227
Teletype machines, 101, 105, 106
Telluride InfoZone, 131
telnet, 151–52
Terminal, 151–52
textile looms, 11–13, 20
Tierney, Gertrude, 73
Time, 233
Tomb Raider, 236
TransAmerica Leasing Corporation, 98, 99
trans experience, 143–44
Embraceable Ewe and, 142, 144
Turkle, Sherry, 223, 229
Twitter, 149, 150, 151
United States Naval Observatory, 9–10
United Way, 106
UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer), 57–63, 65, 66, 67, 73
C-10 code for, 58–59
University of California, Berkeley, 97, 110
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 110
University of Michigan, 157
University of Pennsylvania, 69–70
Moore School of Electrical Engineering, 37–42, 47, 48, 50, 54–56
University of Southampton, 157–59, 160
Web Science Institute, 171, 173
Unix, 135–36, 152
URLs, 215
Utopian Entrepreneur (Laurel), 235
Van Meter, Jonathan, 188, 189
Viacom, 186, 192
VIBE, 188
video games, see computer games
VIKI, 166, 170
Village Voice, 136, 183, 184
Virtual Community, The: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier (Rheingold), 148–49
virtual reality, 227–28
VNS Matrix, 237–40, 242
Volkart, Yvonne, 240
von Neumann, John, 36
Walcott, James, 137
Walker, Janet, 162
Wall Street Journal, 220, 221
Watson, Patty Jo, 91–92
Watson, Richard, 88
Watson, Thomas, Jr., 60
Web:
use of word, 153
see also World Wide Web
Web sites and pages, 131, 135, 153, 154, 184, 186
life spans of, 170
for women, see women’s Web
see also World Wide Web
WELL, The, 132–35, 140, 149, 153, 179–80, 205–6, 209
Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, Duke of, 16
Wescoff, Marlyn, 39, 43, 48, 49
Westheimer, Ellen, 114
WHOIS, 119–20
Whole Earth Catalog, 100, 132
Whole Earth Review, 132, 183
Wilcox, Patricia (Pat Crowther), 84–94, 110
William the Conqueror, 155
Wired, 138, 194, 206
women, 4–5
computers as viewed by, 229
men posing as, 143–44, 179
and software vs. hardware, 51–52
women, working, 23–24
black, 24
wage discrimination and, 23, 77, 78
women.com, 205, 214–21
Women in Telecommunications (WIT), 141–42, 144, 205
Women’s Internet History Project, 143
Women’space, 239
women’s Web, 131, 216, 221, 223, 233
advertising and, 214–16, 218, 219, 221
iVillage, 214, 216–21
women.com, 205, 214–21
Women’s WIRE, 205–15
Women’s WIRE, 205–15
Woods, Don, 90
Word, 188–95, 201–3, 205, 214, 215
Works Progress Administration, 25
World War I, 24
World War II, 24, 25, 28–29, 31, 32, 34–37, 40, 45, 47, 50, 51, 53–55
atomic bomb in, 36
Pearl Harbor attack, 27–29, 32
World Wide Web, 102, 131, 152, 154, 159, 165, 168–72, 177, 203, 204, 222
browsers for, see browsers
commercialization of, 204–5, 217, 241; see also advertising
conferences on, 170, 173
early true believers and, 187–88, 196, 197, 202
hypertext and, 168–70, 201
links on, 168–70, 201
Microcosm viewer for, 172–73
number of women on, 214
search engines for, 115, 154
Semantic Web and, 174
see also Internet; Web sites and pages
Xerox, 161
Xerox PARC, 162–66, 210
Y2K, 71, 194
Yankelovich, Nicole, 162
Zapata Corporation, 194, 201
Zeroes + Ones (Plant), 238
About the Author
CLAIRE L. EVANS is a contributor to VICE, The Guardian, WIRED, and Aeon, and is the founding editor of Terraform, VICE’s science-fiction vertical. She is the former futures editor of VICE’s technology website, Motherboard, has contributed to Grantland, and wrote National Geographic’s popular culture and science blog, Universe. She is the lead singer of the pop group YACHT, and lives in Los Angeles..
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