by Jung Chang
13 Minutes of 22 Feb. 1941 Currie — Chiang meeting, p. 12; ZS vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 579–80, 586, 591–5, 622–3, 725–37.
14 Mao scenario, 25 Oct. 1940: in Central Archive 1982, p. 34 (E: Benton 1999, pp. 763–4). Spectacular change, 6 Nov.: in ZZWX vol. 12, p. 551.
CHAPTER 23 Building a Power Base through Terror
1 Mao no sleep: Yin Qi 1996a, p. 136. “Stop any assaults on all Nationalist units”: 9 Sept. 1941, Mao 1993a, vol. 2, p. 665. Moscow wanted CCP to tie down Japanese: Titov, vol. 3, pp. 470ff; Dallin & Firsov, pp. 141–6 (Mao — Dimitrov cables, July 1941); Sidikhmenov 1993, p. 30; Dimitrov, 9 July 1941 and ff.
2 Dimitrov, 21 June 1941; Andrew & Mitrokhin, p. 124; OIRVR, vol. 4, p. 214; cf. Peshchersky; Yan Baohang unpublished letter, in Wang Lianjie, p. 337; Yin Qi 1996a, pp. 134–5.
3 –233 Mao determined not to fight Japanese: cables in Mao 1993a, vol. 2, pp. 650–5; in ZDJC vol. 17, p. 119; cf. Titov, vol. 3, pp. 472–4. Mao tells Moscow don’t expect much: Titov, vol. 3, pp. 470ff; Dimitrov, 18, 20 & 21 July 1941; Dallin & Firsov, p. 142. Stalin personally cabled: Panyushkin, p. 170; Titov, vol. 3, p. 472; Shi Zhe 1991, pp. 213–17. Mao infuriated Moscow: Panyushkin, pp. 169–70; Titov, vol. 3, pp. 470, 477–8; Chuikov 1981, pp. 201–2; Vereshchagin, p. 42.
4 Molotov: Chuev 1999, pp. 141–2.
5 –235 CCP “always been pretty”: Mao speech, 1 Apr. 1938, in DSYJ, 1981, no. 4; (E: MRTP vol. 6, pp. 278–9). Young volunteer described: Sima Lu 1952, pp. 45, 80. Inequality: Central Party School, vol. 2, pp. 26, 216–18; Wen Jize et al. 1984, p. 50; Mo Wenhua, p. 404; Wang Enmao, vol. 3, p. 373; Sima Lu 1952, pp. 50–1, 63–4; interviews with Yenan veterans in China.
6 –236 Red Cross: Sima Lu 1952, pp. 88–9; ZDC, 1986, no. 3, pp. 71, 79. Mao’s car: Zhu Zhongli 1995, p. 125; Snow 1941, p. 281; Karmen, p. 114; Sima Lu 1952, p. 123.
7 “the Chairman’s smile froze”: Zeng Zhi, in “Mao and I” Collection Committee 1993a, p. 93. “a chicken a day”: Sima Lu 1952, p. 64. “only three things are equal”: Central Party School, vol. 1, p. 67. Japanese POW: interview with Mitsushige Maeda, 8 Mar. 1998. Could not leave: the writer Xiao Jun repeatedly asked Mao for a pass to leave; Mao personally stonewalled him, in Wang Defen, pp. 105–10.
8 Scene in hospital: Sima Lu 1952, pp. 64–6.
9 Catch 1,000 deserters: Wang Enmao, vol. 3, p. 385.
10 –238 “Wild Lilies”: Wang Shi-wei, pp. 125–32; (E: in Dai Qing 1994, pp. 2–9, 17–20).
11 –239 Mao demanded angrily: Hu Qiaomu, p. 449. Shi-wei’s poster: Wang Shiwei, pp. 139–40; Wen Jize et al. 1984, p. 17. Mao on Shi-wei: Yang Guoyu diary, in YQD, p. 292; Huang Changyong, p. 183; cf. Saich 1996, p. 1240 (Mao 24 Apr. 1945). Shi-wei on Trotsky and Stalin: Wen Jize et al. 1993, pp. 83–5, 188, 191–3 (E: cf. Wen in Saich 1996, pp. 1115–16 and Dai Qing 1994, pp. 47–8).
12 Robotic confession: Wei Jingmeng in Dai Qing, p. 65. Zhao Chaogou et al., p. 49. Interrogator revealed: Wen Jize et al. 1993, p. 78. Hacked to death: Huang Changyong, p. 191. Young volunteers turned into spy suspects: Shi Zhe 1992, pp. 195–7; Li Yimin, pp. 29–43; Ling Yun, in Wen Jize et al. 1993, p. 74; interviews with many Yenan veterans in China, 1993ff.
13 Mao orders: 15 Nov. 1943, in ZDJC vol. 17, p. 385; 15 Aug. 1943, in WHY, 1984, no. 9, pp. 10–14. Real spy suspects “taken care of”: interviews with Shi Zhe, 7 Sept. 1994, 11 Sept. 1997.
14 Shi Zhe 1992, p. 215.
15 Mao instructions about torture: in WHY, 1984, no. 9, p. 12. Mass rallies “grave war on nerves”: Ren Bi-shi, 13 May 1944, in ZDJC vol. 17, p. 390; cf. Mao, 15 Nov. 1943, in ZDJC vol. 17, p. 385; Li Weihan, pp. 512–13; YQD, p. 262; Unity Publishing, pp. 3ff; Chen Yung-fa, p. 112 (E: cf. Chen Yung-fa 1996); all our Yenan interviewees testify to this. “Get everybody to write their thought examination”: 6 June 1943, in WHY, 1984, no. 8, pp. 6–7; also p. 10.
16 “pillow talk”: Unity Publishing, pp. 66–9, cf. Chen Yung-fa, pp. 215, 219. Mao announcement, 8 Aug.: in Yang Kuisong 1997, p. 510. 800 items: Central Party School, vol. 2, p. 140.
17 Chongqing journalist’s observation: Zhao Chaogou, pp. 15–19. Helen Snow: interview, 24 Oct. 1992.
18 Less than 1 percent: Kang Sheng 1944; cf. Chen Yung-fa, pp. 130–1; Li Yimin, p. 40. Mao inflated the figure: 24 Jan. 1944, in ZDJC vol. 17, p. 387. Rehabilitation spring 1945: interviews with victims; Shi Zhe 1991, pp. 258–9; Li Weihan, p. 514; Wang Suyuan, p. 228. “many … gone mad”: Bo Yibo 1996, p. 362. Death figure: interview with Yenan veterans; cf. Byron & Pack, p. 470. Suicides: Li Yimin, p. 38; Wang Enmao, vol. 3, p. 386; Cheng Min, pp. 151–99.
19 “heavy blow”: Jiang Nanxiang, pp. 64–71. Mao “apologies”: Shi Zhe 1991, p. 259; Li Weihan, p. 514; Cheng Min, p. 26; Hu Qiaomu, p. 281; Wang Suyuan, p. 229; Central Party School, vol. 1, p. 65; Wen Jize et al. 1993, p. 109; interviews with veterans, 25 Oct. 1994 & 17 Mar. 1998.
20 Stamp on “100 percent”: Li Rui 1989, pp. 349–50. “write down every single social relationship”: Mao order, 6 June 1943, in WHY, 1984, no. 8, pp. 6–7. “Some people think”: Mao 1995, p. 115; cf. Mao 1993b, vol. 2, pp. 462–3. “illusions about Chiang”: Wang Enmao, vol. 3, p. 388.
21 –246 “Who is the nation-builder of China”: Wang Enmao, vol. 3, pp. 376–7. Spying for Chiang the key issue: Kang Sheng, 15 July 1943, and various Communist documents produced in the campaign, in the archive of the Investigation Bureau, Taipei. Tse-min told to stay put, imprisoned: Zhu & Yi, pp. 368–89; Shu Long, pp. 275–7; cf. Whiting & Sheng, pp. 238–9. Russians urged Chou to ask for their release: AVPRF, 0100/31/220/13, p. 257 (Panyushkin — Chou, 10 Apr. 1943). CCP and Mao cables, 10 & 12 Feb.; Chou did not raise issue: Huang Xiurong, pp. 557–8; Zhou 1991, pp. 549–57.
22 Lin told Panyushkin: AVPRF, 0100/31/220/13, pp. 240, 257; cf. Ovchinnikov, p. 62 (Godunov to Dimitrov, 14 Aug. 1943).
CHAPTER 24 Uncowed Opponent Poisoned
1 Autumn 1941 Politburo meetings: Hu Qiaomu, pp. 193–9. Dimitrov 15 questions: Avreyski, pp. 409–11; Wang Ming, p. 38; in Yang Kuisong1999, pp. 130–1.
2 –248 Wang demanded debate: Hu Qiaomu, pp. 199–200. Mao shelves congress: Hu Qiaomu, pp. 194, 222–32. Nine ranting articles: Hu Qiaomu, p. 214; Yang Kuisong 1997, pp. 507–8. Obsessively attached to them to the end of life: Hu Qiaomu, pp. 214–15.
3 –249 Wang defiant writings: Feb. 1942, in Zhou Guoquan et al., p. 404. Dr. Jin: ZDC, 1986, no. 3, pp. 71, 79. Inquiry findings: This document was entitled “Duiyu Wang Ming tongzhi bing guoqu zhenduan yu zhiliao de zongjie” (Summary of the Past Diagnosis and Treatment of Comrade Wang Ming’s Illnesses), and was signed on 20 July 1943 by eleven top Yenan doctors. Wang described the poisoning in his own book: Wang Ming, pp. 38–46.
4 –250 Vladimirov arrived: ORK, 11 May 1942. Wang “at death’s door”: Dimitrov, 16 July 1942. Wang: don’t count on CCP: ORK, 18 July 1942. “Spies watch,” beautiful girl, sack cook: ORK, 20 & 22 July 1942. Mao refused to let Wang go: ORK, 8 & 14 Jan. 1943; Dimitrov, 15 Jan. 1943. Wang to Stalin: Dimitrov, 1 Feb. 1943; Wang Ming, p. 40; cf. Avreyski, pp. 430–5; Pantsov, p. 5, n. 5 (“biggest Trotskyist in China”); Waack, p. 360, n. 16.
5 Mao to Dimitrov: Dimitrov, 3 Feb. 1943; cf. Avreyski, p. 433. Dimitrov promises to get Wang out: Avreyski, p. 434; Wang Ming, pp. 40–41. 12 Feb.: prescription in Mrs. Wang Ming’s explanatory note to the “Summary” of the medical inquiry. Tannic acid: “Summary” of the medical inquiry. 20 Mar. Politburo resolution: in ZDJC vol. 17, pp. 344–6; cf. Kampen 2000, pp. 104–7; Saich 1996, p. 986. Surreptitious affair: even somebody as senior as General Xiao Ke did not know: interview with the general, 30 Sept. 1993; other Yenan veterans did not know, either: interview, 11 Mar. 1998. Dr. Jin’s prescription: ORK, 23, 25 Mar. 1943.
6 Mme Mao: Jin agent: ORK, 28 Mar. 1943. Jin protected: interview with Mao’s security assistant Shi Zhe, 11 Mar. 1998, and other residents of Date Garden.
7 –252 “Wang … poisoned”: ORK, 24 July 1943. Accomplice Chou: AVPRF, 0100/31/220/13, pp. 173–4 (Panyushkin — Chou, 10 Apr. 1943), ibid., p. 240 (Panyushki
n — Lin Biao, 9 June 1943). Zhou 1991, pp. 551–7. Chiang clears An-ying’s return: to Chou and Lin, 7 June, AVPRF, 0100/31/220/13, p. 240 (Lin — Panyushkin, 9 June 1943).
8 Interviews with Jin’s elite patients and colleagues, 23 Oct. 1995, 17 Mar. & 6 Sept. 1998.
9 –253 An-ying in Russia: Usov 1997, pp. 111–12; Dimitrov, 19 Aug. 1943. Mao held Wang back: ORK, 30 Aug. 1943. Second Soviet plane: ORK, 19 & 24 Oct. 1943; Siao, Eva, p. 131. “Wang Ming burst into tears”: ORK, 28 Oct. 1943. Many suspected the truth: interviews with veterans, 11 Mar. 1998 & 18 Apr. 1999.
10 1 Nov. meeting, case closed: Mrs. Wang’s letter to Mao, 15 Nov. 1943, in ZDC, 1986, no. 3, pp. 78–80; Wang letter to Mao and Politburo, 1 Dec. 1943, in Zhou Guoquan et al., pp. 413–14; cf. Hu Qiaomu, p. 298.
11 –254 Strange things happened: ORK, 29 Sept. & 3 Oct. 1943. Russian arms to Mao: Tikhvinsky 2000, p. 802 (Panyushkin to Molotov, 11 Feb. 1944). Dimitrov, 17 Nov.: NA, HW 17/54 (Moscow cable, 17 Nov. 1943, ISCOT 168). 13 Dec.: Ts DA, 146/6/1206; cf. Dimitrov, 23 Nov. & 13 Dec. 1943. 22 Dec.: Dimitrov, 22 Dec. 1943.
12 Mao, 2 Jan. 1944: Ovchinnikov, pp. 84–5 (Vladimirov to Dimitrov); Dimitrov, 10 Jan. 1944.
13 “unruffled calm”: Shi Zhe 1991, pp. 238–9. “given much thought”: Ovchinnikov, p. 82. Mao woos Vladimirov: ORK, 8 Jan. 1944.
14 “I sincerely thank you”: Dimitrov, 10 Jan. 1944; Ovchinnikov, p. 83; cf. ORK, 6 & 8 Jan. 1944. Paid Wang visits: ORK, 23 & 25 Jan. 1944. Dimitrov, 25 Feb.: Dimitrov, 25 Feb. 1944. 28 Mar., to An-ying: ORK, 28 Mar. 1944; NA, HW 17/55 (An-ying to Mao, cabled 29 July 1944). Dimitrov — Wang: Dimitrov, 19 & 23 Jan., 7 Mar. 1944; ORK, 23 Jan.1944.
15 Rally denouncing Wang: Liu Ying, in YQD, p. 21; Central Party School, vol. 1, p. 68.
16 cf. Wang Ming, pp. 46–7.
17 –258 Threatened to condemn Chou: Dimitrov, 22 Dec. 1943 (to Mao); Yang Shangkun, in Cheng Min, p. 25; Yang Kuisong 1999, p. 153; Li Weihan, p. 513; cf. AVPRF, 0100/29/205/11, pp. 276–8 (Chou — Panyushkin, 21 Sept. 1942) and RGASPI, 514/1/957, pp. 16–26 (Kogan & Shibanov report to Dimitrov, 12 Mar. 1943), which both suggest that Chou took out insurance with the Russians. “Don’t linger”: Mao 1993b, vol. 2, p. 446. “Don’t leave your heart”: Gao Wenqian, p. 76. “welcome” party: Chou speech, 2 Aug. 1943, in Zhou 1981, p. 138. Chou bashed himself: Chou manuscript for speech at Politburo on 15 Nov. 1943, in Gao Wenqian, pp. 78–9; cf. Li Rui 1989, p. 287. “Democracy, freedom”: 6 June 1943, in Mao 1993b, vol. 2, pp. 444–5; (E: JPRS, vol. 9, part 1, pp. 130–1).
18 Plain “wrong”: Li Rui 1989, pp. 253, 287. “hard to stand alone”: ibid., p. 304. “fucked for forty days”: ibid., pp. 248, 279–80, 287; cf. Bo Yibo 1996, pp. 367–73; Peng 1998, pp. 294–9; Schram 1974, p. 194: Mao, 24 Sept. 1962.
CHAPTER 25 Supreme Party Leader at Last
1 Praetorian Guard inaugurated: Guard Di Fucai’s account, in ZHEN, 1994, no. 6, p. 26. Date Garden: interview with Li Hsiao-li, 22 Oct. 1995; ORK, 14 July 1942; Shi Zhe 1992, p. 220; our visit to Yenan, Oct. 1994. Back Ravine: our visit to Yenan, Oct. 1994; interviews with Shi Zhe, 10 Oct. 1995 & 11 Mar. 1998, and with a Date Garden resident, 13 Mar. 1998.
2260 “I controlled that entrance”: interview, 10 Oct. 1995. Kang Sheng terrorized: Shi Zhe 1991, pp. 260–1; Shi Zhe 1992, pp. 208–9; Cheng Min, p. 305. Moscow condemned Kang: Dimitrov to Mao, 22 Dec. 1943, cit.; Titov, vol. 3, pp. 401–2. Pleaded with Mao: Zhong Kan, p. 437; Cheng Min, p. 307.
3 A sadist: Kang speech, Aug. 1943, in Wen Jize et al. 1993, pp. 104–8. Asses’ penises: unpublished manuscript of a person present. A voyeur: Shi Zhe 1992, p. 198; interviews with Yenan veterans. Mao limited Kang’s power: the so-called “Nine Guidelines,” 15 Aug. 1943, in WHY, 1984, no. 9, pp. 10–11; ORK, 20 Aug. 1944. “changing his views rapidly”: ORK, 4 Apr. 1943; interview with a historian with access to Liu files, 16 Mar. 1998.
4 Jiang Nanxiang; AVPRF, 0100/43/302/10, pp. 158–63 (Liu to Roshchin, 26 Aug. 1950).
5 –262 “Fuck you”: Quan Yanchi 1997, pp. 176–9. Mao ordered wife to go back to unit: interview with Xie Fei, 14 Sept. 1994; Zhu Zhongli 1989, pp. 221–4.
6 Her first victim, the nanny: interview with the nanny, 13 Mar. 1998; cf. Zhu Zhongli 1988, pp. 55–67.
7 “only wise leader”: Deng Liqun, pp. 18–20; YQD, p. 213; Central Party School, vol. 1, pp. 42, 45. “same old thing,” etc.: in Wen Jize et al. 1984, pp. 234, 252, 259–60. Reluctant to chant “Long live”: ibid., p. 208; interview with Yenan veterans, 5 Oct. 1993. Giant headlines: JR, 17 July 1943. Badges of his head: first to Central Party School members, Central Party School, vol. 2, pp. 74, 79; YQD, p. 196; cf. Wang Enmao, vol. 3, p. 267; Hu Qiaomu, p. 277. Head of himself carved: Central Party School, vol. 2, pp. 208–9. Portraits printed: interview with Yenan veterans, 11 Mar. 1998. “The East Is Red”: PRC Encyclopaedia vol. 3, pp. 2889–90. Red Prof’s wife described: Zhu Zhongli 1995, pp. 120–3; Bodyguard Zhang Zhiyou also recalled this episode, in Xu Zehao, pp. 374–5.
8 –264 History rewritten: Central Party School, vol. 2, pp. 40–1. Mao instructed: 28 Dec. 1943, ZZWX vol. 14, p. 143. 7th Congress delegates: YQD, pp. 43, 134, 154, 172, 201; Shi Zhe 1992, pp. 3–4; Central Party School, vol. 1, p. 24.
9 1930 original, Deng Zhongxia, p. 88; 1943 insert, ZR vol. 35, p. 47; CCP Xiangqu Committee Museum & Changsha Museum, pp. 122–3.
10 Verge of tears: YQD, p. 61; Lu Zhengchao, p. 513.
CHAPTER 26 “Revolutionary Opium War”
1 Funding from Nationalists: Shaanganning Border Region government report, Apr. 1941, CASS vol. 2, p. 76; cf. Schran, pp. 171–2. From Moscow: Dimitrov, 25 Feb. 1940; Dallin & Firsov, pp. 122ff. (Chou asks Moscow to make up monthly deficit of US$358,280). Grain tax figures: Shaanganning Border Region government report, Apr. 1941, in CASS vol. 2, p. 74; Gansu Social Science Academy, vol. 2, p. 280.
2 –268 “driven to death”: Xie Juezai, p. 309. Harvest 20–30 percent down: Xie Juezai, p. 319. “strike Mao dead”: Mao speech at the 7th Congress, 31 May 1945, in Mao 1995, p. 211; also Mao 1993b, vol. 2, p. 303; JR, 5 June 1941. Doubled and added taxes: Gansu Social Science Academy, vol. 2, pp. 270–2, 280, 287–8. “feigning madness”: Mao speech, 12 Apr. 1945, in Yang Guoyu diary, YQD, p. 202. “Mao has no eyes”: interviews with Yenan veterans, 12 Sept. 1994 & 11 Mar. 1998. Cook figures: Mao figure: 160,000 shi, in Yenan Museum, visit, Oct. 1994, and in RR, 26 Dec. 1981; but real figure 200,000 shi, JR, 21 Sept. 1943; Chen Yung-fa, p. 290; Xie Juezai, p. 579. Xie noted in diary: 24 Feb. 1944, Xie Juezai, pp. 579–80. 1,000 families fled: Chen Yung-fa, p. 299.
3 –269 Plenty of trade: Shaanganning Border Region government report, Apr. 1941, CASS vol. 2, pp. 72, 76. Teng Pao-shan: Jin Cheng, in Biographical Literature Pub., vol. 2, pp. 217–45; Xiao Jingguang, pp. 258–63. 1941 report on salt: CASS vol. 2, pp. 71–2. “second-biggest source”: 19 July 1941, Xie Juezai, p. 329. “Transporting salt”: Xie Juezai, pp. 322–3.
4 –270 “Today”: 19 July 1941, Xie Juezai, p. 328. Mao told them flatly: Mao to Xie, 6 and 22 Aug. 1941, in Mao 1984, pp. 176–8, 186–8; cf. Xie Juezai, p. 332. Lindsay: Lindsay Hsiao-li, unpublished memoirs, pp. 372–3; id., interview, 22 Oct. 1995; cf. NA, WO 208/318 (M. Lindsay to M. Hall). In Nov. 1941: “Shaanganning Border Region,” pp. 7–9. Mao public show: ibid., pp. 1–6. What the regime did: ibid., pp. 11–15, 119, 128–37.
5 The answer was opium: contemporary publications, newspaper reports, Nationalist generals’ telegrams to Chiang, and photographs of identity cards the CCP issued to opium dealers, in ZS vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 217–71. “Revolutionary Opium War”: interviews with Yenan veterans, Oct. 1995. “Special Product”: Xie Juezai, pp. 587, 589, 600; cf. Chen Yung-fa 1995; Wang Enmao, vol. 3, p. 422; interviews with Yenan veterans, 12 Sept. 1994; Oct. 1995. “It did happen”: interview with Shi Zhe, 28 Oct. 1995. Russian asked Mao: ORK, 2 Aug. 1943. 30,000 acres: contemporary investigation report, in ZS vol. 5, no. 3, p. 257. “Ask Chiang to stop”: Mao 1993b, vol. 2, pp. 335, 355. “cited … alongside Marx”: ORK, 27 Apr. 1945.
6 9 Feb. 1943: Mao 1993
b, vol. 2, p. 426; cf. Mao 1993c, p. 156. Russians estimated: Panyushkin, p. 278; Ovchinnikov, pp. 69–70 (Fitin to Dimitrov, 29 Sept. 1943). “very rich”: Xie Juezai, pp. 584–5 (6 Mar. 1944), p. 600 (9 Apr. 1944). “several dozen dishes”: Wang Enmao, vol. 3, p. 299; YQD, p. 197, Central Party School, vol. 1, pp. 120–1, 236. “Mao has grown fatter”: Jin Cheng, in Biographical Literature Pub., vol. 2, p. 232. Steps to improve: e.g., 16 June 1943 at Politburo, Mao 1993b, vol. 2, p. 446; cf. Mo Wenhua, pp. 392–8. Mao later admitted: 24 Apr. 1945, YQD, p. 3.
7 Meat ration: Xie Juezai, p. 581 (26 Feb. 1944). Xie’s diary: 9–16 Oct. 1944, ibid., pp. 694–7.
8 Lippa, p. 265; ORK, 29 Sept. 1943, 10 May 1944.
9 –273 31 percent mortality: Esherick, p. 1056, n. 22. 60 percent: Li Weihan, p. 589. “never given proper attention”: Li Weihan, pp. 568, 587. Discuss in the winter: ibid. Public health: ibid., pp. 583, 587. 6 Mar.: Xie Juezai, p. 584. Mao wrote: Mao letters, 13 & 15 June 1941, in Mao 1984, pp. 170–1. Russian ambassador: Panyushkin, p. 278. Hospital official: Lippa, p. 179. Bride cost: JR, 2 June 1942; Hua 1981, pp. 56–7.
10 –274 1944 price: Xie Juezai, pp. 591–2 (19 Mar. 1944), cf. p. 452. Interest rates: Xie Juezai, pp. 696–7. All it said was: “CCP Decision on Land Policy in the Anti-Japanese Base Areas,” 28 Jan. 1942, Appendix 1, GS vol. 6, p. 5. Virtually no loans: Mao talk to senior cadres, Dec. 1942, in GS vol. 6, p. 94. Some Red areas: e.g. Shangdong, GS vol. 6, pp. 107, 117. Mar. 1944: Xie Juezai, p. 586. 22 Apr.: ibid., pp. 608–9. Mao vetoed dumping opium: ibid., p. 734; Wang Enmao, vol. 3, p. 422. “assist addicts”: Xie Juezai, pp. 485–6.
11 “two mistakes”: ibid., p. 734; cf. Chen Yung-fa 1995, p. 277. “indescribably squalid”: Aczél, p. 93. Swedish enthusiast: Myrdal, p. 29.
CHAPTER 27 The Russians Are Coming!