by Peter Burke
‘Italia’, 17
Jewish culture, 12–13
John VII Palaeologus, Byzantine emperor, 182
*Josquin des Près, Flemish musician, 18, 50, 61–2, 89, 113, 119–20, 161–2, 256, 259
Julius II (della Rovere), pope, 86, 95, 114, 138–9, 146–7, 149, 182, 202
*Justus of Ghent, painter, 96, 130
Kelly, Joan, American historian, 9
Kristeller, Paul, German-American scholar, 79
*Landi, Neroccio de’, Sienese painter, 8, 64, 87, 250
*Landino, Cristoforo, Florentine humanist, 122, 153, 155, 176
Landucci, Luca, Florentine diarist, 133, 191, 206
*Lapo da Castiglionchio, Tuscan humanist, 200
*Lascaris, Janos, Greek humanist, 122, 244
*Laurana, Francesco, from Dalmatia, sculptor, 50, 131
*Laurana, Luciano, from Dalmatia, architect, 50, 82, 130
Leo X (Medici), pope, 81, 84–5, 102, 119–21, 147, 182, 194, 226
Leo Africanus (al-Hasan ibn
Muhammad al-Wazzan), 13
Leombruno, Lorenzo, of Mantua, painter, 131
*Leonardo da Vinci, Florentine universal man, 23, 51, 55, 57, 65, 67, 80–1, 85–6, 88–9, 96, 98, 106–7, 109, 115–16, 123, 127, 134, 141, 154, 158, 178–9, 192, 199, 205, 211, 213–14, 229, 239, 247
*Leone Ebreo, Portuguese philosopher, 212
Leoni, Leone, Lombard sculptor, 82, 88, 251
*Leto, Pomponio, south Italian humanist, 87
Leyden, Lucas van, Dutch painter, 256
*Ligorio, Piero, humanist architect, 251
*Lippi, Filippino, of Prato, Tuscan painter, 88, 132, 152
*Lippi, fra Lippo, Florentine painter, 109–10, 127, 217
Livy, ancient Roman historian, 64
*Lombardo, Antonio, of Venice, architect and sculptor, 52
*Lombardo, Pietro, sculptor, 52
*Lombardo, Tullio, sculptor, 52, 61
Lopez, Roberto, Genoese-American historian, 41–2, 239
*Loschi, Antonio, of Vicenza, humanist, 79, 85
*Lotti, Lorenzo, Florentine sculptor, 57
*Lotto, Lorenzo, Venetian painter, 78, 87, 99, 129
Lucretius, 175
Lukács, Georg, Hungarian philosopher and critic, 39–40
Machiavelli, Bernardo, father of
Niccolò, 206, 233
*Machiavelli, Niccolò, 30, 32, 104, 123, 181, 191, 193, 198–9, 210, 214, 220, 246
*Maiano, Benedetto da, Tuscan sculptor, 64, 82
*Maiano, Giuliano da, Tuscan sculptor, 64, 82, 103
Malatesta, Sigismondo, ruler of Rimini, 71–2
Mâle, Emile, French art historian, 171
Mander, Karel van, Dutch artist and writer, 258
Manetti, Antonio, presumed biographer of Brunelleschi, 209
*Manetti, Giannozzo, Florentine humanist, 84, 192
Mann, Thomas, German novelist, 253
Mannheim, Karl, Hungarian sociologist, 5, 38, 242
*Mantegna, Andrea, Paduan painter, 52, 56, 68–9, 81, 89, 113, 115–16, 127, 135–6, 149, 201
Marche, Olivier de la, Burgundian court chronicler, 259
*Marliani, Giovanni, of Milan, 79
Marsigli, Luigi, Florentine monk and humanist, 217
*Marsuppini, Carlo, Tuscan humanist, 78, 84
Martin, Alfred von, German sociologist, 38
Marx, Karl, German social theorist, 35, 262
*Masaccio, Florentine painter, 18, 39, 52, 55, 89–90, 141, 144, 157, 244
*Masolino, Florentine painter, 57, 243, 251
Massys, Quentin, Flemish painter, 256
*Masuccio Salernitano, writer, 66, 79, 170
Matthias Corvinus (Mátyás Hunyadi), king of Hungary, 81–2, 127
Mauss, Marcel, French anthropologist, 204
Medici, Alessandro de’, 102, 115
Medici, Averardo de’, 237
Medici, Cosimo de’, the elder, 75, 102, 105, 107, 118, 122–3, 139, 217, 221, 227
Medici, Cosimo I de’, grand duke of
Tuscany, 13, 102, 120, 141, 143, 146–7, 226
Medici, Giovanni de’, see Leo X
Medici, Giovanni de’, condottiere, 124
Medici, Giuliano de’, 102, 123, 154
Medici, Giulio de’, see Clement VII
Medici, Ippolito de’, 102
*Medici, Lorenzo de’, ‘the
Magnificent’, ruler and writer, 13, 23, 79, 84, 102–3, 105, 118, 120, 122, 124, 128, 131, 139, 168, 179–81, 190, 192, 199, 209, 219, 222, 253
Medici, Lorenzo de Pierfrancesco de’, 95
Medici, Ottaviano de’, 129
Medici, Piero de’, father of Lorenzo, 101, 104, 113
Medici, Piero de’, son of Lorenzo, 79
Meiss, Millard, American art historian, 8
Memlinc, Hans, Flemish painter, 256–7
mentalities, 166, 187, 213, 238
*Merula, Giorgio, Piedmontese humanist, 51, 77
*Michelangelo (Buonarroti), sculptor, 18, 22, 47, 50, 53, 55–8, 66–7, 69–70, 86, 88, 94–5, 98, 104, 107, 109–10, 112–14, 117, 129, 138–9, 141, 151, 154–8, 161, 190, 202, 204, 209, 212, 229, 248–9, 252, 257
*Michelozzo di Bartolommeo,
Florentine architect, 57, 61, 69, 72, 251
Michiel, Marcantonio, Venetian patrician, 43, 176
Milano, Carlo da, painter, 56
Millar, John, Scottish political economist, 34
Montaigne, Michel de, French essayist, 216
Montefeltro, Federigo da, ruler of
Urbino, 82, 105, 118, 123, 127, 130, 181, 201
Moroni, Giovanni Battista, painter from Bergamo, 99
Moronobu, Hishikawa, Japanese artist, 259–61
*Mouton, Jean, French musician, 62
naturalism, see realism
*Navagero, Andrea, Venetian patrician and writer, 76, 85, 123
Neri di Bicci, painter, 57
Neroccio de’Landi, see Landi,
Neroccio de’
*Nesi, Giovanni, Florentine humanist, 246
*Niccoli, Niccolò de’, Florentine humanist, 217
Nicholas V (Parentucelli), pope, 76, 230
Nicola Pisano, sculptor, 14
*Nifo, Agostino, south Italian humanist, 85, 195, 209
Nochlin, Linda, American art historian, 9
Nogarola, Isotta, Veronese humanist, 9, 49
Novellara, fra Pietro da, 177–8
*Obrecht, Jacob, Flemish musician, 84
*Ockeghem, Joannes, Flemish musician, 62, 83, 256
Organi, Antonio degli, musician, 77
Ortega y Gasset, José, Spanish intellectual, 242
Orto, Mambriano da, Flemish singer, 84
Ovid, 64, 76, 175, 177, 180, 183
*Pacioli, fra Luca, of Borgo S.
Sepolcro, mathematician, 123
Palla, Gian Battista della, art dealer, 129
*Palladio, Andrea, of Vicenza, architect, 54, 56, 61, 66, 82, 151, 253
Palma Vecchio, Jacopo, Venetian painter, 91
*Palmieri, Matteo, Florentine humanist, 66, 84
Pannartz, Arnold, German printer, 75, 77
Panofsky, Erwin, German-American art historian, 27, 171, 256
*Panormita, Antonio (Beccadelli),
Sicilian humanist, 78, 122, 131, 169, 210
*Parmigianino, Francesco, painter, 156, 194, 206, 247–8
Passerini, Silvio, Tuscan cardinal, 102
Pasti, Matteo de’, assistant to Alberti, 71, 161
Patenir, Joachim, Flemish painter, 256
Paul II (Barbo), pope, 8
Paul III (Farnese), pope, 190
Paul IV (Caraffa), pope, 170
*Paul of Venice, scientist, 60, 79
*Penni, Gianfrancesco, Florentine painter, 57
perspective, 27
*Perugino, Pietro, painter, 57, 81–2, 95, 111–12, 152, 229
*Peruzzi, Baldassare, Sienese architect, 61, 247, 251
Petrarch, Francesco, Tuscan poet and scholar, 13, 127, 169, 1
76, 250
Petrucci, Pandolfo, ruler of Siena, 123
Philip the Good, duke of Burgundy, 258–9
Philip the Handsome (Philippe le Bel), duke of Burgundy, 84
Philostratus of Lemnos, ancient Greek writer, 175
*Pico, Gianfrancesco, of Mirandola, philosopher, 166, 196
*Pico, Giovanni, of Mirandola, humanist, 13, 79, 191, 194–5, 208–9
Piccolomini, Alessandro, 67
*Piero della Francesca, of Borgo S.
Sepolcro, painter, 81, 130, 182, 189
*Piero di Cosimo, Florentine painter, 57, 90, 113–14, 175, 229
Pino, Paolo, Venetian critic, 167, 171
*Pinturicchio, Bernardino, of Perugia, painter, 206–7
*Piombo, Sebastiano (Luciani) del, painter, 81, 174, 239, 247
Pirckheimer, Willibald, German patrician and humanist, 82
*Pisanello, Antonio, of Pisa, painter, 69, 81, 131, 139, 157
*Pius II (Piccolomini), pope, Tuscan humanist, 201, 205–6, 218, 223–4, 230
*Pizzolo, Nicolò, from near Vicenza, painter, 69
*Platina, Bartolommeo, Lombard humanist, 76–7, 79, 87, 122
Plato, 22, 123, 203, 220, 223
Plautus, ancient Roman playwright, 18
Pliny, ancient Roman writer, 255
Plekhanov, Georgi, Russian Marxist, 35
*Plethon, Georgios Gemistos, Greek humanist, 50
Plutarch, Greek moralist, 85
*Poggio Bracciolini, Florentine humanist, 8, 75, 79, 84, 122, 170, 200, 231
*Poliziano, Angelo, Tuscan humanist and poet, 29, 37, 51, 66, 76, 79, 84, 113, 116–17, 120, 122–4, 149, 164, 166, 168, 192, 209, 216
*Pollaiuolo, Antonio, Florentine painter, 57
*Pollaiuolo, Piero, Florentine painter, 103
*Pomponazzi, Pietro, Lombard philosopher, 85, 192, 198, 208, 233
*Pontano, Giovanni, Umbrian humanist and poet, 85, 168
*Pontormo, Jacopo, Tuscan painter, 57, 66, 69, 89, 93, 99, 129, 248
popular culture, 168–9, 250–1
*Pordenone, Giovanni da, painter, 81
Prisciani, Pellegrino, from Ferrara, humanist, 117
prosopography, 7, 47
Ptolemy, Greek geographer and astronomer, 22, 189
*Pulci, Luigi, Florentine poet, 66, 146, 170
quantitative methods, 7–8, 209–10
*Raimondi, Marcantonio, from
Bologna, engraver, 127, 130, 247
Ram, Zuan, Catalan art dealer, 129
*Ramos de Pareja, Bartolomé, Spanish musician, 51
Ranke, Leopold von, German historian, 245
*Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio), painter, 12, 18, 51, 57, 61, 66, 68–9, 81–3, 88, 95, 109–11, 121, 127–8, 134, 136, 138, 149, 156, 158, 160, 182, 205–6, 209, 251
realism, 23–7, 153–4, 260
reproductions, 127–8, 139
Riccio, Andrea il (Briosco), of Padua, sculptor, 11, 82
Riegl, Alois, Austrian art historian, 26
*Robbia, Luca della, Florentine sculptor, 57, 127
Roberto da Lecce, preacher, 218
Roscoe, William, English banker and historian, 33
*Rosselli, Cosimo, Florentine painter, 57, 229
*Rossellino, Antonio, Tuscan sculptor, 50
*Rossellino, Bernardo, Tuscan sculptor, 50, 70–1
Rossi, Properzia de’, Italian sculptress, 48
*Rosso, Giovanni Battista, Florentine painter, 88, 239, 248
Rosso, Zoare, Venetian printer, 71
Rostow, W. W., American economist, 253
*Rucellai, Giovanni, Florentine diarist, 206, 210, 253
Rucellai family, 193, 233
*Ruscelli, Girolamo, of Viterbo, writer, 77
Ruskin, John, art critic, 22
*Ruzzante, Angelo (Beolco), of Padua, playwright, 25, 124
*Sabellico, Marcantonio, Roman humanist, 51, 123, 146
*Sadoleto, Jacopo, of Modena, humanist, 247
Saikaku, Ihara, Japanese writer, 259–61
Salimbene of Parma, fra, chronicler, 209
Salutati, Coluccio, Florentine humanist, 75, 122, 170, 176, 217, 244
Salviati, cardinal, Florentine patrician and patron, 12
*Sammicheli, Michele, architect, 61, 247
*Sangallo, Antonio de, architect, 61, 229
*Sangallo, Giuliano, architect, 229
*Sannazzaro, Jacopo, Neapolitan poet, 22, 155
Sanseverino, Roberto, prince, 79
*Sansovino, Andrea (Contucci),
Tuscan painter, 51, 54, 229
Sansovino, Francesco, Venetian writer and publisher, 77
*Sansovino, Jacopo, architect, 57, 98, 247
Sassetti, Francesco, Florentine merchant, 211
*Savonarola, Girolamo, of Ferrara, preacher, 134, 153, 165, 169, 181–2, 191, 195, 213, 217, 246
*Savonarola, Michele, of Padua, physician, 55
Scala, Alessandra della, Tuscan humanist, 49
*Scala, Bartolommeo della, Tuscan humanist, 51, 53, 79, 231
*Schiavone, Giorgio, Dalmatian painter, 80
Schütz, Heinrich, German musician, 62
secularization, 27–8, 250
Seneca, ancient Roman philosopher and playwright, 22
*Serafino of Aquila, poet, 124
*Seregni, Vincenzo, Lombard architect, 52
*Serlio, Sebastiano, of Bologna, architect, 66
Serragli, Bartolommeo, Florentine merchant, 127
Sforza, Ascanio, cardinal, 117, 124
Sforza, Galeazzo Maria, duke of
Milan, 119
Sforza, Lodovico, ‘il Moro’, duke of
Milan, 103, 115, 123, 152, 204, 222, 225, 245
Shaftesbury, Lord, English philosopher, 33
signatures, 68
*Signorelli, Luca, Tuscan painter, 81, 88, 109, 111
Simmel, Georg, German sociologist, 38
Sismondi, J. C. L. S. de, Swiss historian, 34
Sixtus IV (della Rovere), pope, 138
Sixtus V (Peretti), pope, 173, 226
Sluter, Claus, Flemish sculptor, 257
Smith, Adam, Scottish political economist, 34
Soderini, cardinal, 86
*Sodoma, Giovanni, Piedmontese painter, 52, 56–7, 81, 88, 149
*Solari, Cristoforo, Milanese sculptor, 245
Solari family, 52, 70
Sorai, Ogyu, Japanese philosopher, 259
*Spagnolo, Giovanni Battista (‘Mantuano’), poet, 217
*Spataro, Giovanni, of Bologna, musician, 119
*Speroni, Sperone, of Padua, critic, 85
Speyer, Johan and Windelin, German printers, 77
Spinola family, Genoese patricians, 105
*Squarcialupi, Antonio, Florentine musician, 80, 84
Stampa, Gaspara, Paduan poet, 48
*Steuco, Agostino, of Gubbio, philosopher, 76
Strozzi family, Florentine patricians, 39, 95, 132, 190–1, 243
Sweynheym, Konrad, German printer, 75, 77
Taccola, Mariano, Sienese engineer, 51, 80, 213
Tacitus, 32
*Tasso, Bernardo, Venetian poet, 123
Tebaldeo, 67
Terence, ancient Roman playwright, 22
Terracina, Laura, Neapolitan poet, 48
Thompson, Edward, English historian, 6
*Tinctoris, Johannes de, Flemish writer on music, 20–1, 62, 83, 161–2, 164
*Tintoretto, Jacopo, Venetian painter, 48, 52, 96
Tintoretto, Marietta, Venetian painter, 48
*Titian (Tiziano Vecellio), from the
Veneto, painter, 51–2, 56–7, 66, 68, 81–3, 88, 98, 107, 109–10, 125, 129, 136, 151, 175, 205–6, 239
*Torbido, Francesco, Venetian painter, 88
Tornabuoni, Giovanni, Florentine patrician, 104, 111, 176
*Torni, Bernardo, professor at Pisa, 74
*Torrigiani, Pietro, Florentine sculptor, 69, 88, 239
*Tortelli, Giovanni, Tuscan humanist, 76
*Toscanelli,
Paolo, Florentine mathematician and geographer, 67
Toynbee, Arnold, British historian, 12
*Traversari, Ambrogio, from the
Romagna, monk and humanist, 217
*Trissino, Gian Giorgio, of
Vicenza, patrician and poet, 53
*Tromboncino, Bartolommeo, of Verona, musician, 84, 119
*Tura, Cosimo, of Ferrara, painter, 58, 68, 81, 112, 115
*Uccello, Paolo, Florentine painter, 27, 48, 56–7, 89, 96, 113, 135, 189
*Udine, Giovanni da, painter, 68–9, 81, 247
‘universal man’, 62, 66–7
universities, 58–61, 74
*Vaga, Perino del, Florentine painter, 57, 86, 247
Valeriano, Giovanni Pietro (Pierio), humanist, 66, 247