175 Sebastiani: Sonoma Index-Tribune, 2/2/18.
175 No preparations: CGG, 12/1/19.
176 Large sums: E. Clemens Horst, in Outlook, 3/12/30, 407–8. Unexpected demand: CGG, 12/1/19.
176 Price $105: St. Helena Star, 9/23/21. Shocking $375: Heintz, Alicante, 18–19. Grape imports: Hugh F. Fox, “The Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages,” in Walnut, 140.
176 On pleasant days: Alfred J. Hill, “Kansas and Its Prohibition Enforcement,” in Walnut, 138.
177 Grapes so valuable: quoted in Heintz, California’s, 249. More than $500: Carl Wente, “A Look Backward at the Dark Days,” in Wines & Vines, 12/1/62, 17–18. Pledge next year’s: OrH, CWH: Carl Wente, “Economics of Grape Growing in California, 1918–1942.” Viano: Richard Paul Hinkle, “Shed No Tears for Prohibition,” Wine Country, 2/82, 10.
177 Gallo rooster: Hawkes, 51. Uprooted grapes: OrH, CWH: Wente, “Economics.” Vineyardists grafted: OrH, CWH: Maynard A. Amerine. Gooseberry: quoted in Heintz, Alicante, 45.
177 Alicante characteristics: Heintz, Alicante, 14–15. Italian is willing: CGG, 9/1/21, 12. Color scale: The California Grower, 11/29, 26.
178 Parsnips: Senate Judiciary 1926, testimony of William J. McSorley, 222. Add sugar: OrH, CWH: Maynard A. Amerine. Bearcreek: OrH, Montana Historical Society: Vera Naglich.
178 Sour fumes: Sunset, 4/28. Trucks: Wines & Vines, 4/1/74. While You Wait: Angelo Papagni, “The Long Memory,” Wine West, 3–4/83, 22. Iron miners (fn): Mondavi, 35–39. What happens: Sunset, 4/28. One would select: OrH, CWH: Leon Adams.
179 Sold and resold: Carl Wente, “A Look Backward,” Wines & Vines, 12/1/62, 17–18. Carloads to New York: California Grower, 1/32. Another 40,000: Sunset, 4/28. Would have taken: St. Helena Star, 4/6/23. Vivid way: Fresno Republican, 11/22/25, quoted in CGG, 1/1/26, 15. Stand aside: “Jolly Grapes Roll Eastward to Market,” Business Week, 9/7/29.
179 Jersey City: Business Week, 9/7/21. Army of pushcart: CGG, 12/1/26, 1. Block buyers: John Parducci, quoted in Wines & Vines, 5/1/89, 54. Twilight zone: Walton Green, “The Twilight Zone of Prohibition,” Saturday Evening Post, 5/8/26, 42. Pomace or waste: CGG, 4/1/29, 6.
180 150 million: Wickersham, vol. 1, 136.
180 Half grapes die: OrH, CWH: Carl Wente. Fix prices: St. Helena Star, 6/3/27. Argued against: CGG, 5/1/26, 10; 4/1/27, 11. Silk shirts: OrH, CWH: Carl Wente.
180 Canning: Richard Paul Hinkle, “Shed No Tears for Prohibition,” Wine Country, 2/82, 10. Fleet of wineries: San Francisco Examiner, 1/10/19, 1. Grape butter: CGG, 3/1/26, 10.
181 Wente clone: Vintners’ Hall of Fame, http://www.ciaprochef.com. Sell entire: OrH, CWH: Ernest A. Wente, 21. I will tell: Ernest A. Wente, quoted in Heintz, Beaulieu, 78.
181 de Latour generally: ANB; Rod Smith, Private. Best known families: San Francisco Examiner, 11/16/24, quoted in Heintz, Beaulieu. Dressed for dinner: OrH, CWH: Andre Tchelistcheff.
182 Pyle: Rod Smith, 37–40. Elegant, patrician: OrH, CWH: Louis M. Martini.
182 This letter will: Riordan, 3/8/12, archives of Archdiocese of Northern California.
183 First board: Rod Smith, 40–43. Crowley: Archbishop Edward J. Hanna to de Latour, 3/25/20, BATF Papers, Collection D-140, B47.
183 Beringers, Concannons: OrH, CWH: Tchelistcheff. Martinis: Wines & Vines, 1/94, 21–22.
183 Full fourteen years: OrH, CWH: Ernest A. Wente, 21. Fay: Lapsley, 77; Hennings, 267. Congratulated: Archbishop Edward J. Hanna to de Latour, 3/25/20, BATF Papers, Collection D-140, B47. Distributors: various, DFP. Storing: Beaulieu Vineyards application for renewal of A-1 permit, 12/14/25, BATF Papers, Collection D-140, B47. Acre, rail spur: St. Helena Star, 9/17/26, 9.
184 Go missing: Agents Louis F. Cole and James E. Verrall to H. L. [Duncan?], divisional chief, 2/19/32, BATF Papers, Collection D-140, Box 47. Illegal channels: quoted in Heintz, Beaulieu, 74. Not uncommon: “Applications to Procure Wine for Sacramental Purposes,” from Fathers Prim, O’Donnell, and Rodriguez, DFP. Mundelein: Unsigned to Messrs. D. Recher & Co., 12/12/32, DFP. I advise: de Latour to Yellowley, 8/15/22, BATF Papers, Collection D-140, Box 47. Close friend: Yellowley to de Latour, 11/22/32, DFP. When friars (fn): Napa Valley, interview with Brother Basil of the Christian Brothers.
184 Move a lot: Rod Smith, 66–71. Many favorable, sheltered, offering: Brochure, 2/15/22, archives of Archdiocese of Northern California. Had added: See order forms in DFP; e.g., “Permit to Purchase,” 10/16/31. Medicinal exception (fn): Contract between Beaulieu and Joseph Callan and I. Domnitz, 2/20/27, DFP.
185 Celebrities: Heintz, Beaulieu, 104. de Latour home: “California Rural: Mrs. Georges de Latour’s “Beaulieu,” Vogue, 11/47, 172–73. Pool: Charles L. Sullivan, Napa, 196. Invited to join: de Latour guestbook, passim, DFP.
185 We started out: Randolph Churchill, 84–85. Comic: Daily Telegraph (London), 12/2/29. Ganymede: Churchill to Clementine Churchill, 9/18/29, Baroness Spencer-Churchill Papers.
186 Moment’s halt: de Latour guestbook, 9/9/29, DFP. Goodly sight: Martin S. Gilbert, 93. Christ has come: Randolph Churchill, 84–85.
186 Jewish rabbis: Memorandum of agreement between Beaulieu and A. Z. Halperin and Harry Schutz, 3/22/23 (top sheet of agreement is marked in pencil “1925”). Imprimatur: de Latour to Rabbi B. Robinson, 2/25/27, DFP. Palatable: Louis P. Martini, quoted in Napa Valley Register, 12/5/93.
186 Ecclesiastic tyrants: Quoted in Drescher, 326–27.
187 Beneath dignity: NYT, 7/7/14, 5. Lobbied Volstead: Rabbi Samuel Gup to Rabbi Leo M. Franklin, 12/13/21, LFA.
187 The temptation: Sprecher, 153. More wine: LAT, 3/13/21; Kobler, 250–51. Trustee charged: LAT, 3/13/21.
188 Third appearance: LAT, 2/17/23, 1. Into jeans: LAT, 8/31/22, II 7. Disposed: LAT, 6/14/21, II 1.
188 San Leandro: Coffee, 366–67. Alameda: Rabbi Rudolph I. Coffee, “Stamping Out the Wine Congregations,” Survey, 12/15/22, 366–67. Promiscuously: LAT, 6/30/24, A2.
188 Free-for-all: Sprecher, 153. Tiny rooms: Einstein, 134–35. Sell to anyone: Gup to Franklin, 12/13/21, LFA. Public scandal: Krauskopf to Franklin, 12/12/21, LFA.
189 Took commissions: Providence Journal, 12/23/21, 2. Wine stores: Collier’s, 10/21/27, 9. Signing up: Underwood & Underwood photograph; NYT, 7/30/23, 15. Schapiro’s: Marni Davis, 210. Champagne: Einstein, 134–135. Not the content: WP, 4/6/22, 3. 100-proof: New York Herald, 4/5/22, quoted in CGG, 5/1/22, 13.
189 Any man: Asbury, 239. Houlihan and Maguire: NYT, 1/14/22, 4. Harlem Negroes: Collier’s, 10/1/27, 8.
190 Hillul: Central, 116–18.
190 Jewish luck: “The Jewish Element in Bootlegging Evil,” Dearborn Independent, 12/31/21.
190 Direct quotation: Franklin address to Central Conference of American Rabbis, 4/21, quoted in “The Jewish Element in Bootlegging Evil,” Dearborn Independent, 12/31/21.
191 Maintained cordial: Neil Baldwin, 127. Petition Congress: Franklin to Rabbi Edward N. Calisch, 12/15/21, LFA.
191 Case of necessity: Central, 108–18. Insinuate: Behr, 46. Dr. Welch’s: Barr, 362.
191 Sentiments: Joselit, 91. Threatening letters: Sprecher, 157. Ask Jews: NYT, 1/25/23, 10.
191 Rabbis Reap: quoted in Central, vol. 32, 107. Revoking: Sprecher, 165. Slicing, plummeted: Collier’s, 10/1/27, 9, 37.
192 Deutsch: LAT, 7/7/14, 15. Wolsey: Joselit, 86.
Chapter Thirteen: The Alcohol That Got Away
193 Drug-stores, grain alcohol: Fitzgerald, Gatsby, 87, 106.
193 Frankfort brochure: author’s collection.
193 Fifteen thousand: Asbury, 218–19. Purchase, have it filled: Sexton, 115–116. Veterinarians: NYT, 7/28/23, 4.
194 Pinkham, generally: ANB. Sewing kits, text-book: eBay.com. 20.6: The label on the package said Pinkham’s contained 15 percent alcohol, but testing by the Massachusetts Board of Health indicated the correct proportion was 20.6 percent. Edward Bok, Ladies’ Home Journal, 5/04.
194 Temperance worker: Murdock, 53.
194 Mrs. Jones: Wikipedia.com.
195 Testing: Edward
Bok, Ladies’ Home Journal, 5/04.
195 No scientific value: Timberlake, 47. Referendum: “The Referendum on Alcohol,” Journal of the American Medical Association, 1/21/22, 194. Serious interference: “The St. Louis Session,” Journal of the American Medical Association, 6/3/1922, 1709.
196 Taylor, Gutierrez: certificates in author’s collection. Take three: Engelmann, Intemperance, 33.
196 Too jealous: NYT, 1/11/20. Unexcelled: author’s collection. Bought in bulk: Senate Judiciary 1926, 119–21. Burned their tongues: Leonard Grossman to Francis X. Busch, William E. Dever Papers, B3, F24.
196 Iceman: Sheaffer, 490. Continued to operate: Sheaffer, 44; Wetzsteon, 147.
197 Seriously injure: Senate Campaign Expenditures 1926, 70. Billingsley opened: Blumenthal, 91.
197 Hoping to block: Ambrose Hunsberger, “The Practice of Pharmacy Under the Volstead Act,” Walnut, 185.
197 Doubtful that milk: John U. Bacon, author of authorized history of Walgreen’s. Fire department: Bacon, 63.
198 Saw a chance: quoted in Kobler, 316–17. Pharmacist: Ibid., 316. Teetotaler: SLP-D, 1/3/26. Remus deposited: Furnas, 220.
198 Within three hundred: Kobler, 316–17. Buy counterfeits: Sexton, 118.
198 Jack Daniel’s: Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, online at http://www.tennesseeencyclopedia.net. Purchased pharmacy, began withdrawing, hijacked: Sexton, 120.
199 Business so large, draining the contents: Kobler, 315–17. Hundreds of: Mee, 146–47. Booze-scented, Millionaires’ Row (fn): Willebrandt, 98–99. Tried to corner: SLP-D, 1/3/26. Peaceful hush (fn): Werner, Privileged, 273–77. No prison (fn): Kobler, 320.
199 Twenty-nine million: Sexton, 115. Fifty-eight additional: Downard, Dictionary, 128. Old Forester: 115–16.
200 Heavy demand: Louisville Herald-Post, 11/24/26. Purchasing Early Times: Brown-Forman website.
200 Strawberries: interview, Patricia Levinson (Schulte’s granddaughter). Clerk, cigar, grocery: Time, 10/21/49. Bought Overholt, sold: Fortune, 11/33, 35, 113. Hard-earned: Time, 10/21/29.
200 Pierce price list: author’s collection. Should have permitted: Time, 6/6/27.
201 Hundreds of uses: NYT, 7/27/23, 15. Tripled: Merz, 116. Doubled: Nelli, 153. 60 million, exported to Canada: Senate Judiciary 1926, Emory Buckner testimony, 112. How to keep: Quoted in LD, 9/24/27, 13.
201 Denaturants: NYT, 7/26/23, 17. Sreben, other firms: CT, 2/4/31; NYT, 2/11/30.
201 Beyond jurisdiction: Asbury, 225.
202 Perfect carnival: Mayer, 196.
202 Almost a million: Collier’s, 10/15/27, 8. Sewer lining: Washington Times, 2/20/24. Quaker, etc.: Temple University Library website, http://www.exhibitions.library.temple.edu/prohibition/booboo.jsp. Hoff produced: Haller, “Philadelphia,” 218. Forty loaded: Frazier, 84.
203 Butler, generally: ANB, DAB. Day has passed: Merz, 141. Torn apart: NYT, 12/17/23.
203 Buy off: Frazier, 171, 88. Estimated: Haller, “Philadelphia,” 223. Privilege of assignment: Time, 9/17/28. Golder: Haller, “Philadelphia,” 219.
203 Shipping agreement, Union National: Frazier, 90–92. Spider: Time, 9/17/28.
204 Complicity: Weigley, 581. Wall Street: Frazier, 89. Butler returned: DAB. Trying to enforce: Asbury, 186. Sherman: Haller, “Philadelphia,” 215.
204 Refused to allow: NYT, 12/28/25, 1.
Chapter Fourteen: The Way We Drank
205 The Hero: Drowne, 1, citing WSJ, 4/15/19.
205 Prigs: Time, 9/28/31. Gloria: quoted in Drowne, 82. Gowan Stevens: Faulkner, 33. Half the pages: Burnham, Bad, 36. Does not exist: quoted in Jeffrey A. Schwarz.
205 Devastating: quoted in Johns, 11. Waiting: quoted in Engelmann, Intemperance, 9. Well, folks: Lewis, 127. Hemingway’s expatriate (fn): Hemingway, 128.
206 Fierce protracted: Edmund Wilson, 89–91.
206 Hazlitt: This is maxim number 40 from Characteristics.
207 Glittering tray: Cather, Lost, 43–44. Powell: Wetzsteon, 509–10. World broke: Cather, Not, unnumbered prefatory page. Nobody stays: NYT Book Review, 12/21/24.
207 The party: Cowley, 65. Social hook: Vanity Fair, 1/21.
207 Mencken traced: Drowne, 96. Ulysses (fn): Google Books edition, 745. Gus: New York Evening Sun, 3/12/30, 28.
208 Hooch, buffet, all-white: Drowne, 156. Beer flats: NYT, 5/3/28. Southern Italian: Baughman; Flamm, 50. Bucket: “My Friend,” in Josephine F. Gomon Papers, B10. Curley: Beatty, 272–73. Sheboygan: CT, 3/30/29, 2.
208 Thirty-two thousand: Kobler, 224. Kriendler and Berns: interview, Susan Berns Rothchild. Confuse tax, only arrests: Kobler, 229–30. Stop paying: New Yorker, 4/7/34. Tumbling down: Kobler, 231; New Yorker, 4/7/34. Not admissible: Louis Sobol, “Speakeasy,” Cosmopolitan, 4/34, 54.
209 Bath Club, O’Leary’s: Hirschfeld and Kahn, 20–22.
209 Brothers convicted: Rosenthal, 327–28. Hartwell: Time, 3/24/24; NYT, 12/31/25. Chianti market: New Yorker, 1/16/26, 7.
210 Created Cutty: Spinelli, 2. Haig: Weir, “Alcohol,” 1289. Squirrel: Dundee (Scotland) Evening Telegraph, 10/16/13, courtesy of Jacqui Seargeant, John Dewar & Sons.
210 Soaked in sea: New Yorker, 3/6/26, 25. Perfectly: Kennedy to Matthew Brush, 6/26/22, in Amanda Smith, 33. Dollar-a-drink: Collier’s, 10/15/27, 8. Brand X: Mercer Ellington, cited in Batterberry, 213.
211 Blind pig (fn): Drowne, 96. Pretty girl: Terkel, 177. More than close: Murdock, 69.
211 Peculiarly attractive: Scott, 123.
211 Arrests spiked: Lerner, dissertation, 258. Portals: Louis Sobol, “Speakeasy,” Cosmopolitan, 4/34. Sex barriers, light laughter: Vanity Fair, 10/28. Schoolgirls: O’Connor, 72.
212 Harlem clubs: Wintz and Finkleman, 910, 1121. Detroit: Sunnie Wilson. Most democratic: Drowne, 128. More to improve: Lerner, Dry, 215.
212 Many had welcomed: Lynd, 265; Lerner (book), 36. Frenzied filming: Jowitt, 238–39.
213 Clean films: Rose, American, 64. Devil and Jews: Couvares, 589. Scholarly survey: Dale, 168. Hundred million: Leuchtenberg, Perils, 195.
213 Clarence Brown: Burnham, Bad, 37.
213 Chic and charming: DN, 1/3/24, 4. Shut down: DN, 1/2/24, 1.
213 Kresge: DN, 1/4/24, 1–2. Hepburn: Columbus Dispatch, 7/25/27. Heflin: AC, 4/9/29, 13. Bounder: DN, 1/3/24, 4.
214 Children’s: Fitzgerald, Crack-Up, 15. Faunce: LD, 7/10/26, 45. Babylonian: DN, 1/2/24, 1. Almost a Yale: Mellon, 107–14. Casey: Murphy, 188. Idiotic: Coulter to J. A. Bursley, 12/13/23, Vice President of Student Affairs Papers, University of Michigan, B1.
214 Bowdoin labs: Laster. Gin is aged: quoted in William Grimes, 93.
214 Consolation: Cather, Lost, 43. Went into: Fortune, 11/33, 29. Cassatt: Time, 10/8/28. Varnish: Haller, “Philadelphia,” 222.
215 Beverage known: Asbury, 229. Garbo: William Grimes, 92.
215 Trust: CGG, 8/21, 3. Caffo, Buschtee, Kicko: Hernon and Ganey, 108. Sales triple: Kyvig, Daily, 24. Drink That Cheers: Tchudi, 77.
216 So good under: NYT, 1/21/27, 1.
216 Considerable part: Montreal Gazette, 1/29/25, quoted in testimony of Hudson Maxim, Senate Judiciary 1926. Taxi ride: Brault, 85,105. Never touched: Scott Wheeler, 33–36.
216 Their appearance: Daily Colonist, 6/30/25, 14, quoted in Stephen T. Moore. A great many: Willebrandt to C. C. Boynton, 8/6/28, in MWWP, B4. Windsor warehouse: NYT, 3/21/27, 7.
217 Bimini Rod: New York Tribune, 5/16/20, magazine section, 3. Human stomach: Collier’s, 7/16/21, 22. Learned about: NYT, 2/23/27, 3.
217 Uppercu, Aeromarine: William M. Leary, 180–193. Limousines: www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/aeromwet.htm. Donovan: Curtis, 165. Bathe in Bacardi: Gjelten, 111. Inviting, never so good: New Yorker, 2/9/29, 14.
218 Bible classes: Kazin, 262. Lecture: Leuchtenberg, Perils, 183.
218 View from lawn: Coletta, 161. Conspiring: Bryan to Oldfield, 4/3/22, WJBP, B35.
218 Dear little: French Line brochure, quoted in Maxtone-Graham, 170. Where the Wet: Curtis, 165.
218 Mauretania: Daily Express (London), 2/
16/20. Sounded their horns: White to Scott Elledge, 6/16/82, in E. B. White, 654. Stereotype: Maxtone-Graham, 170.
219 It hurt: New York Tribune, 11/26/22, VI, 1.
219 Relaxed: Spinelli, 38–39. Excellent Cuisine, menus: Current History, 6/22, 377–85.
219 Incomparably the biggest: Plavchan, 202. Busch sent his letter to his son, Adolphus Busch III, and asked him to forward it to Harding.
220 Waving a series: Wheeler to A. J. Volstead, 6/22/22, AJVP, B3. Simultaneously announced: NYT, 10/7/22, 1.
Last Call: The Rise and Fall of Prohibition Page 57