by Jill Roe
55SMF, undated fragment, FP vol. 6, p. 406.
56A. B. Paterson to SMF, 31/5/1902, FP vol. 7, and SMF, undated fragment, FP vol. 7, p. 295 (the dictionary idea); FP vol. 62 (four verses, dated 30/6–8/8/1901). See also LN, FP vol. 3, p. 34, re Paterson’s ‘yarn’, published by Angus & Robertson as An Outback Marriage in 1906, and Viera Jones, ‘Australian Imprint’, PhD thesis, p. 110; Clement Semmler, Banjo of the Bush: The Life and Times of A.B. Banjo Paterson, Univ. of Qld Press, St Lucia, Qld, 1974, Sydney, 1977, ch. XI (SMF is not mentioned).
57A. B. Paterson to SMF, 7/8/1902, 18/8/1902, FP vol. 8; Charles Graham to SMF, 2/9/1902, FP vol. 49 (postmark); Jessie Paterson to SMF, 2/8/[1902], FP vol. 8.
58ibid., 17/10/[1902, 14/11/1902]; Linda Franklin to SMF, 16/5/1903, FP vol. 49 (and 12/1/1902, engagement); Charles Graham to SMF, 2/9/1902, FP vol. 49 (postmark); Bertha Lawson to SMF, n.d. [from Ladywood, Manly], FP vol. 6, p. 417 (a); Colin Roderick, Henry Lawson: A Life, Angus & Robertson, N. Ryde, NSW, 1991, pp. 247ff.; ‘The End of My Career’, part ms., draft, FP vol. 52.
59Molly David to SMF, 24/8/1902, FP vol. 8; SMF to RS, 2/7/1917, RS Corres., ML MSS A2282.; LN, FP vol. 3, p. 534; Roderic Quinn to SMF, 4/11/1902, FP vol. 8. Re ‘this brilliant and gifted young lady’, A.A.A. All About Australians, Oct. 1902, vol. 2, no. 18; ML MSS 445/41/2, poem dated 24/8/1904. The waratah book: ML R230c. Henry Normand MacLaurin (1835–1914), ADB vol. 10; Louisa Macdonald (1858–1949), ADB vol. 10; Edwin James Brady (1869–1952), ADB vol. 7; Roderic Joseph Quinn (1867–1949), ADB vol. 11; Bernhard Ringrose Wise (1858–1916), ADB vol. 12; Mary Booth (1869–1956), ADB vol. 7; Florence Earle Hooper (1870–1967), headmistress, ML MSS 1553 (ADB file); Margaret Hodge (1858–1938) and Harriet Newcomb (1854–1942), ADB S.
60SMF to J. B. Pinker, 31/8/1902, FP vol. 84; A Camp-Fire Yarn: Henry Lawson. Complete Works 1885–1900, ed. Leonard Cronin, Lansdowne Press, Sydney, 1984, p. 487, and On the Track, Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 1900, repr. On the Track and Over the Sliprails, Australian Pocket Library, Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 1945 (PBC no. 267).
61J. B. Pinker to SMF, 27/11/1902, FP vol. 84; SMF to Blackwood, 20/11/1902, Blackwood Archive, Incoming Corres. 1902–C, National Library of Scotland MS 30084; ‘On The Outside Track’, 13/1/1903, and report, Duckworth Papers, Berg Collection, New York Public Library. Edward Garnett (1868–1937), publisher’s editor and writer (ODNB): ‘A Discoverer of Talent’, Times (London), 22/2/1937, p. 19; see also Garnett’s sister-in-law, fellow writer Martha Garnett to SMF [1902] and 8/5/1902, FP vol. 7, that My Brilliant Career was ‘the cleverest novel of the season’ in London.
Chapter 4 — With Penrith as a Base
1Melbourne Herald, 14/4/1904, p. 4.
2Penny Post, 3/3/1903, p. 4.
3SF Notebook, FP vol. 107 [p. 101]; SMF to Linda Franklin, 19/3/1903, FP vol. 113X; P. M. Woodriff to Miss Bridle, 28/12/1954, Mutch Papers, MSS, Set 426/20. ‘Lambridge area’: now the Penrith Lakes Scheme area.
4The dirt floors were treated annually with a mix of fresh cow manure and blood and polished weekly (pers. comm., Mr A. J. Willett, Penrith, 5/5/1985, from his grandfather, a neighbour at Penrith, and Nepean Times, 3/6/1905 [p. 4]); Sarah Lampe to SMF, 30/3/1903 and 6/4/1903, FP vol. 49.
5Frank Walker, ‘Penrith and District’, J. Royal Aust. Hist. Soc., vol. 12, no. 2, 1909, pp. 43–52.
6Nepean Times, 7/3/1905 [p. 5]; ‘The Case of Tom Staples’, SMH, 22/4/1905, p. 5.
7SMF to Alice Henry, n.d., FP vol. 11, p. 23; Heather Radi, Peter Spearritt and Elizabeth Hinton, Biographical Register of the NSW Parliament, 1901–1970, ANU Press, Canberra, 1979; Dan Clyne to SMF, 29/10/1930, FP vol. 22. Daniel Clyne (1879–1965) was the state member for King 1927–65.
8Nepean Times, 6/2/1904 [p. 6] and NSW Government Gazette 16/2/1904, p. 1395; Nepean Times, 11/2/1905 [p. 6], 21/9/1907 [p. 4].
9‘Concerning Maryann. First draft’, FP vol. 59, p. 17. The standard reference is Kingston, My Wife, My Daughter and Poor Mary Ann.
10‘When I was Mary-Anne. A Slavey: sketches 1–4’, ML MSS 445/23. ‘Maria’s Dingle’: see G. V. F. Mann, Municipality of North Sydney, Municipal Council, North Sydney 1938, p. 4 (‘The Dingle’, an old harbourside cottage on Kirribilli Point). Linda Franklin to SMF, 30/9/1903, FP vol. 49. Laurel Franklin died at Penrith on 4/10/1903, SF, Notebook, FP vol. 107 [pp. 85–6].
11Melbourne Herald, 14/4/1904, p. 4; Life, 15/4/1904, p. 399, also New Idea, 6/5/1904, p. 999; Tocsin, 2/6/1904, pp. 18, 19, as edited here; Australian Woman’s Sphere, 15/4/1904, p. 237 has further comment on the servant question.
12Aileen Goldstein to SMF, 12/2/1905, FP vol. 10; H. H. Champion to RS, 26/2/[1904], RS Corres.; SMF to Jean Campbell, 21/5/1953, FP vol. 44; SMF to Mrs O’Sullivan, Melbourne, Tuesday [April 1904?], O’Sullivan Family Miscellanea 1901–27, ML MSS 1603;* Alfred Deakin to H. H. Champion, 12/4/1904, FP vol. 121; Lindsay Bernard Hall (1859–1935), ADB vol. 9.
13PBC, nos 618 and 732; Isabella Goldstein to SMF, 28/7/1904, FP vol. 10; Aileeen Goldstein to SMF, 24/5/1904, FP vol. 10;* Jill Roe, ‘“Testimonies from the Field”’, pp. 304–19. Isabella Goldstein (1849–1916) bore five children: Vida Goldstein, Elsie Belle (Champion), Lina (Henderson), Selwyn Goldstein (1873–1917?) and Aileen Goldstein (1877–1960).
14Farewell telegram to Yarra Basin from Laura Bogue Luffman, 13/4/1904, FP vol. 9A; press cutting (Book Lover), ML MSS 3732/2; Cargill and others. Press cuttings, ML MSS 4937/4 (‘little Miles’).
15Melbourne Herald, 14/4/1904, p. 4; Johns’s Notable Australians, 1906, and Who’s Who in Australia, 1947 (d.o.b., 1883).
16Joseph Furphy to SMF, 17/2/1904, FP vol. 9B. Joseph Furphy (1843–1912), ADB vol. 8.
17SMF to Joseph Furphy, 23/4/[1904], Furphy Papers, SLV; Joseph Furphy to SMF, 27/3/1904, FP vol. 9B; Elizabeth Webby, ‘The Bush Hamlet’, TLS, 28/6/2002, p. 27; typed extract, ‘Tom Collins’ to William Cathels, FP vol. 51A; Barnes, The Order of Things, p. 341.
18Sarah Lampe to SMF, 29/2/1904, FP vol. 49; Bulletin, 31/3/04, ‘Red Page’; Agnes Stokes, c.1867, A Girl at Government House. An English Girl’s Reminiscences: ‘Below Stairs’ in Colonial Australia, ed. Helen Vellacott, Currey O’Neil, Melbourne, 1982 (first published 1932) is the only comparable document.
19Sarah Lampe to SMF, 27/4/1903, 14/5/1903, 1/2/1904, 29/3/1904, FP vol. 49.
20Some Everyday Folk and Dawn, pp. 198, 93; SMF to Joseph Furphy, 15/11/1904, Baker Papers.*
21Linda Franklin to SMF, 23/7/1904, 5/8/1904, FP vol. 49.
22Audrey Oldfield, Woman Suffrage in Australia: A Gift or a Struggle?, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge UK, 1992; Jill Roe, ‘Chivalry and Social Policy in the Antipodes’, pp. 395–410.
23SMF to Blackwood, 2/8/1909, FP vol. 80. The suffragette wing of the British campaign, the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU), was founded in 1905 but its trademark ‘militancy’ began later, in 1908.
24SMF to George Robertson, 22/6/1905, ML MSS 314/31.*
25SMF to George Robertson, 4/1/1904, ML MSS 314/31/399. Sarah Pratt Greene née McLean (1856–1935) wrote numerous novels; Winslow Plain was first published by Harper & Brothers, America, Oct. 1902; History of the Book in Australia, vol. 2, p. 34.
26Cited Barker, Dear Robertson, p. 40; SMH, 30/10/1909, p. 4; Bulletin, 11/11/1909, ‘Red Page’; ML MSS 314/31, pp. 419–21.
27Norman Franklin to SMF, 10/12/1904, FP vol. 48; LN, FP vol. 3, pp. 568–9. Linda married Charles Graham at St Stephen’s, Penrith, 25/11/1904.
28Francis Suttor to SMF, 5/11/1904, FP vol. 9A; Sydney Jephcott to SMF, 18/6/1905, FP vol. 10; RS to SMF, 6/12/1904 and 4/1/1905, FP vol. 8; Wise doc., 16/3/1916, FP vol. 51; Sydney Jephcott to SMF, 18/6/1906, FP vol. 10. Sydney Jephcott (1864–1951) was a Monaro poet and farmer (ADB vol. 9).
29‘In Peak Hill District’, Peak Hill Express, 18/8/1905, p. 7; A History of Peak Hill and District, Peak Hill Centenary Book Committee, 1988, p. 261.
30Peak Hill Express, 29/9/1905 [p. 10]; Edwin Ernest Bridle (1874–1953), see The Buddong Flows On, vol. 2, p. 185ff.; Edwin Bridle to
SMF, 10/8/1906, 22/8/1906, 9/9/1906, FP vol. 47.
31Edwin Bridle corres., FP vol. 47, passim.
32Linda Franklin to SMF, 27/12/1904, FP vol. 49; undated recollection, FP vol. 13.
33SMF to J. F. Archibald, 25/3/1905, FP vol. 55; SMF to T. B. Symons, 12/3/1905 and 25/3/1905, FP vol. 55; A. G. Stephens to SMF, 31/3/1905, FP vol. 7;* SMF to T. W. Heney, 1/4/1905, FP vol. 55.* Clarke, Pen Portraits, pp. 243, 246.
34Mutch Papers, Index (Franklin), ML m/films, CY572, also Joy Hooton, Franklin entry, OCAL (2nd edn, 1994); Wilde, Courage a Grace, p. 137. The rate of journalists’ earnings cannot be verified, as records do not survive for casual contributions to the SMH at this time, but that was what Mary Gilmore was paid for articles on the utopian settlement Cosme a few years earlier.
35SMH, 22/4/1905, 20/5/1905, 24/6/1905; SMH, 29/4/1905; SMH, 6/5/1905; SMH, 27/5/1905. SF Notebook, FP vol. 107 [pp. 100, 42].
36A. B. Paterson to SMF, 9/8/1905, FP vol. 7; T. W. Heney to SMF, 2/4/1906, FP vol. 55.
37Robert Ross to SMF, 26/1/1906, FP vol. 90; RS to SMF, 19/3/1906, FP vol. 6.
38Vida Goldstein to SMF, 26/5/1905, FP vol. 10.
39SMF to George Robertson, 14/7/1903, FP vol. 90; on similar inquiries overseas, Francis Suttor to SMF, 6/2/1904 and 22/1/1904, FP vol. 9A; Cara David to SMF, 12/4/1904, FP vol. 9; Linda Franklin to SMF, 23/7/1904, FP vol. 49; Aileen Goldstein to SMF, 24/5/104.* It is ironic that in later life SMF would criticise Christian Science as being too commercial: ‘Its appeal is in its financial hope. If [Mary Baker Eddy’s] disciples had gone about healing without being more greedy than the medical profession . . .’ SMF, Notebook, 1935–52, ML MSS 1360, p. 59.
40SMH, 9/4/1906, p. 8 and 10/4/1906, p. 8, and Peak Hill Express, 20/4/1906, p. 1; SF, Notebook, FP vol. 107 [p. 75]; SMF to Henrietta Drake-Brockman, 5/8/1950, FP vol. 33.
Chapter 5 — Among the ‘Murkans’
1‘Among the “Murkans”’, FP vol. 55.
2SMH, 9–10/4/1906, p. 5 and 20/3/1906, p. 1; DT (Sydney), 22/1/1902, p. 1. Sophie Corrie (1832–1913), NSW orchardist and writer, was one interesting person aboard (ADB S).
3Goldstein, To America and Back; SMF to Linda Franklin, 12/4/1906, FP vol. 111;* SMF to Mrs H. P. McKenzie, 22/9/1937 and 26/5/1950, FP vol. 10; SMF to Ian Mudie, 5/6/1950, FP vol. 36. A. Levick appears on the shipping list but has otherwise proved untraceable; the Qld MP was probably Daniel Ryan (1867–1952), MLA for Townsville 1915–20; Oscar Unmack to SMF, 24/7/1908 and 24/5/1912, FP vol. 111. ‘Jonesie’: Edith Beatrix McKenzie née Jones (1878–1965) came from Wahroonga.
4Goldstein, To America and Back, pp. 2–3; Miles Franklin, ‘San Francisco: A Fortnight After’, SMH, 23/6/1906, p. 11, repr. A Gregarious Culture; Book Lover, 1/11/1906, p. 131.
5ibid.
6SMF to Carrie Whelan, 16/1/1929, 2/1/1935, FP vol. 20; SMF to Margaret Dreier Robins, 8/1/1936, MDR Papers; Book Lover, 1/7/1906, p. 77. Carrie Whelan (1862– 1937) and her sister Ella Greenman née Whelan (1855–1921) were Californian suffrage campaigners.
7Mrs H. P. McKenzie to SMF, postcard, and 10/9/1937, FP vol. 10.
8Oscar Unmack to SMF, 25/6/1906, postcard, ML PX *D250/1, no. 33(b); Edwin Bridle to SMF, 9/9/1906, FP vol. 47; Bulletin, 28/6/1906, p. 20.
9[Jonesie?] to SMF, FP vol. 46, p. 91; Sarah Lampe to SMF, 24/9/1906, FP vol. 49;* PX *D250/1/33(a).
10SMF to Bruce Sutherland, 18/3/1954, FP vol. 44.*
11ibid.
12Upton Sinclair, The Jungle, Doubleday, Page & Co, New York, 1906; Carl S. Smith, Chicago and the American Literary Imagination 1880–1920, Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, 1984, p. 165; The Net of Circumstance, p. 238.
13Biographical notes, FP vol. 51, pp. 133–5; SMF, ‘Jane Addams of Hull House: Some Personal Recollections of a Great American’, Catholic Women’s Review, Aug. 1935, vol. 6, no. 4, and ML Doc. 812; Spinney, City of Big Shoulders, pp. 157–200. Jane Addams (1860– 1935) was a settlement founder, social reformer and peace activist (NAW); Elshtain, Jane Addams and the Dream of American Democracy, is the outstanding intellectual biography.
14Postcards or early addresses: FP and Lakeside Directories, 1906–07 (CHS); ‘Jonesie’ to SMF, 8/10/1907 and 18/11/1907, FP vol. 10; Josephine Young to SMF, note, Xmas card [1940s], FP vol. 20; SMF to Dr Young, undated postcard, FP vol. 20, p. 255. Josephine E. Young (1866–1950) was a graduate of the Chicago Women’s Medical College, 1896 (Alumnae, Chicago, 1896, p. 119 and CHS).
15Alice Henry (1857–1943), journalist, feminist, trade unionist (ADB vol. 9); Diane Kirkby, ‘Henry, Alice’, Women Building Chicago 1790–1990: A Biographical Dictionary, Univ. of Indiana Press, Bloomington, 2001; CDT, 30/9/1906, p. H2 (Alice Henry, ‘The Political Situation in Australia’, Political Equality League); Bulletin, 11/10/1906, p. 22, also SMH, 9/1/1907, p. 5 and 6/2/1907, p. 5; ‘Letter from Chicago’, Book Lover, 1/9/1907, p. 97, repr. A Gregarious Culture; Biographical notes, FP vol. 21, pp. 133–5, and ‘Stella Miles Franklin’, Memoirs of Alice Henry, ed. Nettie Palmer, Melbourne, 1944, ts., p. 89.
16Eleanor Flexner, Century of Struggle: The Woman’s Rights Movement in the United States, Atheneum, New York, 1974, 2nd edn, pp. 244–5, also MDR to Irene Andrews, Jun. 1909, Sutherland m/film, ML; and see also Susan Porter Benson, Counter Cultures: Saleswomen, Managers and Customers in American Department Stores 1890–1940, Univ. of Illinois Press, Urbana, 1986; The Net of Circumstance, pp. 8ff., 23, 193. Re Emma Pischel (1870– 1948), see SMF to Hildegarde Pischel, 19/2/1948, FP vol. 41.
17‘The Survivors’, Aug. 1908, ML MSS 445/25; SMF’s version of Clark’s shorthand system was first deciphered by the late Margaret A. Hayes, c.1982 (Margaret A. Hayes, ‘The Difficulties and Pleasures of Transcribing Miles Franklin’s Diaries 1926–36’, n.d., ts., ML). Diane Kirkby, ‘Class, Gender and the Perils of Philanthropy: The Story of Life and Labor and Labor Reform in the Women’s Trade Union League’, J. Women’s Hist., 1992, vol. 4, no. 2, p. 39, and Women Building Chicago; ‘Miss Franklin Writes from Chicago’, Book Lover, Sept. 1907, pp. 97–8, repr. A Gregarious Culture.
18SF to SMF, 30/8/1907, FP vol. 48; Nepean Times, 7/9/1907, p. 3 (death), p. 5 (sale).
19Linda Franklin to SMF, 6/6/1907, FP vol. 49; ‘homeless’: JMF to SF, 17/12/1907, FP vol. 111 (postcard), also SF, Notebook, FP vol. 107 [p. 92], vol. 110 (resignation from Penrith Benevolent Society); electoral roll, Tumut, 1908.
20C. H. Spence to Alice Henry, 3/8/1907, noted Ever Yours: C. H. Spence, ed. Susan Magarey with Barbara Wall, Mary Lyons and Maryan Beams, Wakefield Press, Kent Town, SA, 2005; SMF to Alice Henry, 29/1/1942, FP vol. 11.
21SMF to SF, 14/11/1907, FP vol. 111;* Caro Lloyd, Henry Demarest Lloyd 1847–1903: A Biography, Putnam’s Sons, New York, 1912, vol. 1, p. 173 (PBC nos 723, 723A). Wayside Trust pamphlet (CHS). Henry Demarest Lloyd (1847–1903), journalist, social reformer and leading Progressive intellectual (‘the first muck-raker’), resigned from the Chicago Daily Tribune in 1887 after disagreements with his father-in-law William Bross (1813–90), who in consequence left his estate to Lloyd’s sons, but ‘shrewd investments’ in Chicago real estate enabled Lloyd to devote himself to social and political causes thereafter (ANB).
22FP vol. 55.
23MDR to SMF, 29/10/1907, FP vol. 10;* ‘Jonesie’ to SMF, undated postcard, FP vol. 10, p. 371; SMF to MDR, Wednesday, RR Papers (Additions, Box 1, Folder 13). Brooklyn-born Margaret Dreier Robins (1868–1945), President of the Chicago WTUL 1907–13 and the NWTUL 1907–22, m. Raymond Robins (1874–1954), lawyer, ordained Protestant minister and head of the North-Western University Settlement in Chicago, in 1905, Raymond having settled there in 1901 after goldmining in Alaska which made him moderately wealthy (Women Building Chicago).
24SMF to MDR, Sunday [early 1904] and 10/4/1908, from 71 Park Avenue, RR Papers, also MDR to Mary E. Dreier, 11/1/1908, MDR Papers; Encyclopedia of American History, ed. Richard B. Morris 1953; Union Labor Advocate, Dec. 1908, p. 53 (CHS).
25ML MSS 445/25 and 21; Pfisterer, Playing with Ideas, p. 55; Jocelyn Hedley, ‘The Unpublished
Plays of Miles Franklin’, MA thesis, ch. 2, is a recent sympathetic account. The suffrage theme may have been rekindled by reading The Convert (1907) by Margaret Dreier Robin’s sister-in-law Elizabeth Robins (SMF to MDR, 31/12/1907, RR Papers). Elizabeth Robins (1862–1952), who as an American-born actress famous for Ibsen roles, moved to England in 1888, and became a leading suffragist and suffrage writer.
26SMF to SF, 20/8/1908, FP vol. 111;* SMF to Miss Lampe, 20/8/1908, Lampe Family Album, NLA; SMF to 24/6/1908, RR Papers. Mary Elisabeth Dreier (1875–1963) was president of the New York WTUL 1906–15 and member of the NWTUL Board until its termination in 1950 (NYT, 4/11/1963, p. 35).
27SMF to SF, 30/11/1908, FP vol. 111; PD Jan.–May 1909, passim; MDR to Alice Henry, n.d., FP vol. 116 (at pp. 289–95). To Indiana House, PD, 20/11/09; takes singing lessons with Miss Everett, a student of Mme Marchesi, who taught Melba, PD, 12/8/09; hires piano, PD, 29/11/09.
28Meyerowitz, Women Adrift; MDR to Mary E. Dreier, 12/1/1909, MDR Papers (re Louise Dresden). Arnold Dresden (1882–1954) was survived by wife, Louise, and son, Mark (NYT, 13/4/1954, p. 31).
29‘Anniversary Ball’, Union Labor Advocate, Mar. 1909, p. 23, and Chicago Record-Herald, 20/2/1909 (CHS, web cat. index); Mary E. Dreier, Margaret Dreier Robins, p. 61; ‘Unions Shocked by Typist Strike’, CDT, 25/3/1909, p. 3. Agnes Nestor (1880–1948) was an important Chicago and US labour leader. Magdalen Dalloz (1887–1980) was a stenographer at the Chicago Federation of Labor.
30PD, 16/6/1909, 14/9/1909; MDR to Irene [Osgood], 2/6/1909, thanks her for finding room ‘for Miss Franklin who will appear re the eight hours bill’, and ‘expects to spend the entire summer in Madison’, and to RR, 15/9/1909, in RR Papers in MDR Corres., MDR Papers; Book Lover, 6/12/1909, p. 138.
31‘American Working Women’, SMH, 15/12/1909, p. 5, repr. A Gregarious Culture; Stella Franklin to Miss Lampe, 1/9/1908, Lampe Family Album, NLA.
32SMH, 6/10/1909, p. 8; see also 22/9/1909, p. 8.
33Penny Post, 21/9/1909, p. 2; Book Lover, Nov. 1909, p. 127; FP vol. 57 (‘Jilted’); ML MSS 445/40/1; ML MSS 445/40/6 (London Athenaeum, 23/10/1909, p. 489, cited Book Lover, Dec. 1909, p. 135).