by Dante
miles gloriosus (Capaneus) XIV.51–60
monsters, functions of XII.16–21
music of the devil XXI.136–139
musical instruments XXX.49–51
Narcissus “program” XXX.126–129
narrative details added XVI.106–108; XX.127–129
Nebuchadnezzar, dream of XIV.103–111
nova progenies (Virgilian) VIII.128–130
Orpheus (Linus and Musaeus) IV.140–141
pagan poets, rivalry with XXV.94–102
pagans, salvation of IV.46–51; IV.62–63
Paul, St., authority of II.28; XXXI.67
Paul, St., Visio Pauli III.34–36
periphrasis (circumlocution) V.61–62
petrose (D’s “stony rhymes”) XXXII.1–9; XXXII.87–112
Phlegra, battle of XIV.58; XXXI.97–105; XXXIV.121–126
phoenix XXIV.107–111
physical laws of hell VI.34–36; XXXIV.8–9
pity and fear, cycles of II.4–5; III.24; V.142; X.125; XIII.82–84; XX.19–24; XXXIII.79–90
podestà, office of XXIII.104–108
Pompey (Sextus Pompeius) IX.19–27
popes in afterworld VII.46–48
poverty (St. Francis) VII.38–39
prologue to Inferno II.1–6
prophecies, “historical” I.100–105
prophecies, “personal” VI.64–66
registrare (write in a book) XXIX.54–57
ridda (a dance) VII.24
rightward turnings IX.132
river crossings (see “crossing”)
Rome in Jubilee Year XVIII.28–33
ruina (made at Crucifixion) V.34; XII.32; XXIV.22–24
Satan, imitating Crucifixion XXXIV.37–38
Scipio Africanus XXXI.115–124
similes:
at beginning of cantos XXII.1–12
categorized I.22–27
drawn from mental experience XXX.136–141
lengths of XVI.94–105
simony XIX.1–6
sin and placement in hell V.61; VIII.46; XXV.13–15
sinners speaking in unison XVI.82–85
sins:
of Fraud, space allowed XVIII.1–18
of malizia XI.22–27
of matta bestialitade XI.76–90
of will (and not appetite) VIII.78
Sisyphus VII.25–30
smarrito (referring to D.) X.125
speech:
garbled XXXI.67
least present in a canto XXV.34–36
most present in a canto II.10
starvation, days necessary XXXIII.75
stoic restraint X.73–75; XXXIII.49
styles:
doctrine of the styles I.86–87; II.56–57
mix of high and low XXIV.1–21; XXIX.73–84
“sympathetic sinners” V.109–117; XIII.73–75; XXVI.55–57; XXXIII.4–6
synaesthesia V.28
tears, of Rachel II.116
tenzone (literary genre) VIII.31–39; XXX.100–103; XXX.115; XXXII.82–85
Terence, D’s knowledge of IV.88–90; XVIII.133–135
Tesoretto (Brunetto Latini) I.1; XV.50; XV.119
Thebes, city of destruction XXX.1–12
time consumed in journey XXIX.10
tragedy (and see “comedy”) I.86–87; XX.106–114; XXVI.79–84
translatio V.58–67
Trinity III.5–6; XXXIV.39–45
tyrants, D’s view of XII.104; XII.106–111
vendetta (vengeance) XXIX.31–36
verga (magic wand) IX.89–90; XX.40–45
“Vexilla regis prodeunt” XII.38–39; XXXIV.1
viltà (cowardice) III.58–60
Virgil:
as John the Baptist I.122
as mother XXIII.37–45
as Reason? I.67–87; XXI.133–135
failure to have faith IX.7–9
failures as guide VIII.115; XIV.43–45; XXI.63; XXIV.49–51
frequency of citation of III.112–120
leaving D. to himself VIII.106–111; XVII.37–39
limits of authority II.28
parola ornata (ornate words) II.67; XVIII.86–96
previous descent (Erichtho) IX.19–27
protracted silences XXX.37–41
protracted speeches XX.31–39
“reading” D.’s mind XVI.115–123; XXIII.25–30
rebukes of D. III.76–78; XX.25–27; XXX.131–135
spelling of his name I.79
words for him as guide II.140
weeping as D.’s reaction XXXIII.40–42
wheel of Fortune VII.62–96; VII.90
witch of Endor (I Samuel 28) IX.19–27
wolf as avarice VII.8
words found once per cantica XXXI.70–81
wrath (see “anger”)
LIST OF WORKS CITED
* * *
What follows is precisely that, not an inclusive bibliography of studies relevant to Dante or even to his Inferno, which alone would be voluminous. Abbreviated references in the texts of the notes are keyed to this alphabetical listing. For those interested in the general condition of Dantean bibliography, however, a few remarks may be helpful.
Since an extended bibliography for the study of Dante includes tens of thousands of items, those who deal with the subjects that branch out from the works of this writer are condemned to immoderate labor and a sense that they are always missing something important. While even half a century ago it was possible to develop, in a single treatment, a fairly thorough compendium of the most significant items (e.g., S. A. Chimenz, Dante, in Letteratura italiana. I maggiori [Milan: Marzorati, 1954], pp. 85–109), the situation today would require far more space. Fortunately, the extraordinary scholarly tool represented by the Enciclopedia dantesca, dir. U. Bosco, 6 vols. (Rome, Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, 1970–78—henceforth ED) has given Dante studies its single most important bibliographical resource, leaving only the last quarter century—which happens to be the most active period in the history of Dante studies—uncovered. However, for the years 1965–90 Enzo Esposito has edited a helpful guide, Dalla bibliografia alla storiografia: la bibliografia dantesca nel mondo dal 1965–1990 (Ravenna: Longo, 1995). A closer analysis of a shorter period is available in “Bibliografia Dantesca 1972–1977,” ed. Leonella Coglievina, Studi Danteschi 60 (1988): 35–314 (presenting 3121 items for this five-year period). The bibliography in ED, vol. 6, pp. 499–618 (a length that gives some sense of the amount of basic information available), contains ca. 5000 items and is of considerable use, breaking its materials into convenient categories. (Its bibliography of bibliographies alone runs six double-column pages, pp. 542–47.) The ED also, of course, contains important bibliographical indications in many of its entries. A major new English source for bibliographical information has recently been published: The Dante Encyclopedia, ed. Richard Lansing (New York: Garland, 2000).
In the past dozen years, Dante studies, perhaps more than any other post-classical area of literature, has moved into “the computer age.” There is a growing online bibliography available, developed from the bibliography of American Dante studies, overseen by Richard Lansing for the Dante Society of America, which includes a growing number of Italian items (http://www.princeton.edu/~dante). Some seventy-one commentaries to the Commedia are now available through the Dartmouth Dante Project (opened 1988), still best reached via Telnet (telnet library.dartmouth.edu; at the prompt type “connect dante”), but soon to be available on the Web as well. There is also the new Princeton Dante Project (http://www.princeton.edu/dante), a multimedia edition of the Commedia (open to public use since 1999) overseen by Robert Hollander, which also functions as an entry point to most of the many Dante sites on the Web, perhaps most notably that established and maintained by Otfried Lieberknecht in Berlin, which is a source of an enormous amount of information about Dante in electronic form, and, in the autumn of 2000, the site being developed by the Società Dantesca Italiana
(www.danteonline.it).
LIST OF WORKS CITED IN THE NOTES
Aher.1982.1
Ahern, John, “Dante’s Slyness: The Unnamed Sin of the Eighth Bolgia,” Romanic Review 73 (1982): 275–91.
Aher.1982.2
Ahern, John, “Apocalyptic Onomastics: Focaccia (Inferno XXXII, 63),” Romance Notes 23 (1982): 181–84.
Ales.1993.1
Alessio, Gian Carlo, and Claudia Villa, “Per Inferno I, 67–87,” in Dante e la “bella scola” della poesia: Autorità e sfida poetica, ed. A. A. Iannucci (Ravenna: Longo, 1993 [1984]), pp. 41–64.
Alsa.1977.1
Al-Sabah, Rasha, “Inferno XXVIII: The Figure of Muhammad,” Yale Italian Studies 1 (1977): 147–61.
Armo.1983.1
Armour, Peter, “Dante’s Brunetto: The Paternal Paterine?” Italian Studies 38 (1983): 1–38.
Armo.1991.1
Armour, Peter, “The Love of Two Florentines: Brunetto Latini and Bondie Dietaiuti,” Lectura Dantis [virginiana] 9 (1991): 60–71.
Auer.1954.1
Auerbach, Erich, “Dante’s Addresses to the Reader,” Romance Philology 7 (1954): 268–78.
Auer.1957.1
Auerbach, Erich, “Farinata and Cavalcante,” in Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature, tr. W. Trask (New York: Doubleday Anchor, 1957 [1946]), pp. 151–77.
Auer.1958.1
Auerbach, Erich, “Sermo humilis,” in Literary Language and Its Public in Late Latin Antiquity and in the Middle Ages, tr. R. Manheim (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1965 [1958]), pp. 25–66.
Aust.1932.1
Austin, H. D., “The Submerged (Inf., XX, 3),” Romanic Review 23 (1932): 38–40.
Aval.1975.1
Avalle d’Arco, Silvio, “… de fole amor,” in Modelli semiologici nella “Commedia” di Dante (Milan: Bompiani, 1975), pp. 97–121; 137–73.
Bacc.1954.1
Bacchelli, Riccardo, “Da Dite a Malebolge: la tragedia delle porte chiuse e la farsa dei ponti rotti,” Giornale storico della letteratura italiana 131 (1954): 1–32.
Bake.1974.1
Baker, David J., “The Winter Simile in Inferno XXIV,” Dante Studies 92 (1974): 77–91.
Bald.1978.1
Baldassaro, Lawrence, “Inferno XII: The Irony of Descent,” Romance Notes 19 (1978): 98–103.
Bald.1988.1
Baldelli, Ignazio, “Dante, i Guidi e i Malatesta,” Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, serie 3, 18 (1988): 1067–70.
Bald.1993.1
Baldelli, Ignazio, “Un errore lessicografico: ‘palombaro’ e Gerione palombaro,” in Omaggio a Gianfranco Folena (Padua: Editoriale Programma, 1993), pp. 243–49.
Bald.1997.1
Baldelli, Ignazio, “Le ‘fiche’ di Vanni Fucci,” Giornale storico della letteratura italiana 174 (1997): 1–38.
Bald.1998.1
Baldelli, Ignazio, “Dante e Ulisse,” Lettere Italiane 50 (1998): 358–73.
Bara.1981.1
Bara´nski, Zygmunt G., “Inferno VI.73: A Controversy Re-examined,” Italian Studies 36 (1981): 1–26.
Bara.1993.1
Bara´nski, Zygmunt G., “Dante e la tradizione comica latina,” in Dante e la “bella scola” della poesia: Autorità e sfida poetica, ed. A. A. Iannucci (Ravenna: Longo, 1993), pp. 225–45.
Bara.1995.3
Bara´nski, Zygmunt G., “The Poetics of Meter: Terza rima, ‘canto,’ ‘canzon,’ ‘cantica,’ ” in Dante Now: Current Trends in Dante Studies, ed. Theodore J. Cachey, Jr. (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1995), pp. 3–41.
Bara.1997.1
Bara´nski, Zygmunt G., ed., Seminario Dantesco Internazionale: Atti del primo convegno tenutosi al Chauncey Conference Center, Princeton, 21–23 ottobre 1994 (Florence: Le Lettere, 1997).
Barb.1934.1
Barbi, Michele, Problemi di critica dantesca (Florence: Sansoni, 1934).
Barb.1934.2
Barbi, Michele, “Ancora sul testo della Divina Commedia,” Studi Danteschi 18 (1934): 5–57.
Barb.1972.1
Barberi Squarotti, Giorgio, “Inferno, XX” [Ateneo Veneto 1965], in L’artificio dell’eternità (Verona: Fiorini, 1972), pp. 235–81.
Barb.1972.2
Barberi Squarotti, Giorgio, “L’orazione del conte Ugolino,” in L’artificio dell’eternità (Verona: Fiorini, 1972), pp. 283–332.
Barc.1973.1
Barchiesi, Marino, “Catarsi classica e ‘medicina’ dantesca, Dal canto XX dell’Inferno,” Letture classensi 4 (1973): 9–124.
Barc.1973.2
Barchiesi, Marino, “Il Testo e il Tempo,” Il Verri, ser. V, no. 4 (December 1973): 76–95.
Baro.1984.1
Barolini, Teodolinda, Dante’s Poets (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984).
Baro.1992.1
Barolini, Teodolinda, The Undivine “Comedy”: Detheologizing Dante (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992).
Baro.1997.1
Barolini, Teodolinda, “Guittone’s Ora parrà, Dante’s Doglia mi reca, and the Commedia’s Anatomy of Desire,” in Seminario Dantesco Internazionale: Atti del primo convegno tenutosi al Chauncey Conference Center, Princeton, 21–23 ottobre 1994, ed. Z. G. Bara´nski (Florence: Le Lettere, 1997), pp. 3–23.
Baro.1998.1
Barolini, Teodolinda, “Canto XX: True and False See-ers,” in Lectura Dantis: “Inferno”, ed. A. Mandelbaum, A. Oldcorn, C. Ross (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998), pp. 275–86.
Bate.1989.1
Bates, Richard, and Thomas Rendall, “Dante’s Ulysses and the Epistle of James,” Dante Studies 107 (1989): 33–44.
Beal.1983.1
Beal, Rebecca, “Dante among Thieves: Allegorical Soteriology in the Seventh Bolgia (Inferno XXIV and XXV),” Medievalia 9 (1983): 101–23.
Beck.1984.1
Becker, Christopher, “Justice among the Centaurs,” Forum Italicum 18 (1984): 217–29.
Bell.1989.1
Bellomo, Saverio, ed., Filippo Villani, Expositio seu comentum super “Comedia” Dantis Allegherii (Florence: Le Lettere, 1989).
Benf.1995.1
Benfell, V. Stanley, “Prophetic Madness: The Bible in Inferno XIX,” Modern Language Notes 110 (1995): 145–63.
Beno.1983.1
Benoit, Raymond, “Inferno V,” The Explicator 41, 3 (1983): 2.
Bian.1921.1
Bianchi, Enrico, “Le ‘cerchie eterne,’ ” Studi Danteschi 3 (1921): 137–39.
Blas.1969.1
Blasucci, Luigi, “L’esperienza delle Petrose e il linguaggio della Divina Commedia,” in his Studi su Dante e Ariosto (Milan: Ricciardi, 1969), pp. 1–35.
Bloo.1994.1
Bloom, Harold, “The Strangeness of Dante: Ulysses and Beatrice,” in his The Western Canon: The Books and the School of the Ages (New York: Harcourt Brace, 1994), pp. 76–104.
Bors.1957.1
Borst, Arno, Der Turmbau von Babel, 3 vols. (Stuttgart: A. Hiersemann, 1957–60).
Bott.1988.2
Botterill, Steven, “Rereading Lancelot: Dante, Chaucer, and Le Chevalier de la Charrette,” Philological Quarterly 67 (1988): 279–89.
Bott.1990.1
Botterill, Steven, “Inferno XII,” in Dante’s “Divine Comedy”, Introductory Readings, I: “Inferno” (Special issue, Lectura Dantis Virginiana, vol. I), ed. T. Wlassics (Charlottesville, Va.: University of Virginia, 1990), pp. 149–62.
Boyd.1981.1
Boyde, Patrick, Dante Philomythes and Philosopher: Man in the Cosmos (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981).
Boyd.1993.1
Boyde, Patrick, Perception and passion in Dante’s “Comedy” (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993).
Brow.1978.1
Brownlee, Kevin, “Dante and Narcissus (Purg. XXX, 76–99),” Dante Studies 96 (1978): 201–6.
Brow.1984.1
Brownlee, Kevin, “Phaeton’s Fall and Dante’s Ascent,” Dante Studies 102 (1984): 135–44.
Brug.1981.1
B
rugnoli, Giorgio, “Chi per lungo silenzio parea fioco,” in Letterature comparate: problemi e metodo. Studi in onore di Ettore Paratore, vol. 3 (Bologna: Pàtron, 1981), pp. 1169–82.
Brug.1989.1
Brugnoli, Giorgio, “Le ‘cagne conte,’ ” in Filologia e critica dantesca: studi offerti a Aldo Vallone (Florence: Olschki, 1989), pp. 95–112.
Brug.1993.1
Brugnoli, Giorgio, “Omero,” in Dante e la “bella scola” della poesia: Autorità e sfida poetica, ed. A. A. Iannucci (Ravenna: Longo, 1993), pp. 65–85.
Busn.1922.1
Busnelli, Giovanni, “La ruina del secondo cerchio e Francesca da Rimini,” Miscellanea Dantesca pubblicata a cura del Comitato cattolico padovano per il VI centenario della morte del Poeta (Padua, 1922), pp. 49–60.
Cacc.1966.1
Caccia, Ettore, “L’accenno di Dante a Garda e i versi 67–69 nel canto XX dell’Inferno,” in Dante e la cultura veneta, ed. V. Branca and G. Padoan (Florence: Olschki, 1966), pp. 307–25.
Cacc.1967.1
Caccia, Ettore, “Canto XX,” in “Inferno”: Lectura Dantis Scaligera (Florence: Le Monnier, 1967), pp. 673–724.
Camb.1970.1
Cambon, Glauco, “Synaesthesia in the Divine Comedy,” Dante Studies 88 (1970): 3–5.
Cami.1950.1
Camilli, Amerindo, “La cronologia del viaggio dantesco,” Studi Danteschi 29 (1950): 61–84.
Care.1951.1
Caretti, Lanfranco, Il canto di Francesca (Lucca: Lucentia, 1951).
Care.1951.2
Caretti, Lanfranco, “Una Interpretazione Dantesca,” in Studi e ricerche di letteratura italiana (Florence: La Nuova Italia, 1951), pp. 4–14.
Caro.1967.1
Carozza, Davy, “Elements of the roman courtois in the Episode of Paolo and Francesca (Inferno V),” Papers on Language and Literature 3 (1967): 291–301.
Carp.1998.1
Carpi, Umberto, “I tiranni (a proposito di Inf. XII),” L’Alighieri 39 (1998): 7–31.
Casa.1978.1
Casagrande, Gino, “Dante e Filippo Argenti: riscontri patristici e note di critica testuale,” Studi Danteschi 51 (1978): 221–54.
Casa.1997.1
Casagrande, Gino, “Parole di Dante: il ‘lungo silenzio’ di Inferno I, 63,” Giornale storico della letteratura italiana 174 (1997): 243–54.
Case.1943.1
Casella, Mario, “ ‘L’amico mio e non della ventura,’ ” Studi Danteschi 27 (1943): 117–34.
Cass.1971.1