Szabó, Csaba, ed., A Grősz-per előkészítése—1951 (Budapest, 2001).
———, ed., Egyházügyi hangulatjelentések (Budapest, 2000).
Szabó, Robert Győri, A kommunizmus és a zsidóság az 1945 utáni Magyarországon (Budapest, 2009).
Szász, Béla, Volunteers for the Gallows (New York, 1971).
Szaynok, Bożena, Pogrom Żydów w Kielcach. 4. VII 1946 r. (Warsaw, 1992).
———, Poland–Israel 1944–1968: In the Shadow of the Past and of the Soviet Union (Warsaw, 2012).
Szelényi, Iván, ed., Privatizing the Land: Rural Political Economy in Post-Communist Societies (London, 1998).
Szent-Miklósy, István, With the Hungarian Independence Movement, 1943–1947: An Eyewitness Acccount (New York, 1988).
Szerencsés, Károly, A kék cédulás hadművelet (Budapest, 1992).
Szilágyi, Gábor, Tűzkeresztség, A magyar játékfilm története 1945–1953 (Budapest, 1992).
Szmidt, Bolesław, ed., The Polish School of Architecture, 1942–1945 (Liverpool, 1945).
Szpilman, Władysław, The Pianist (London, 1999).
Taylor, Frederick, Exorcising Hitler: The Occupation and Denazification of Germany (London, 2011).
Tejchma, Józef, Pożegnanie z władzą (Warsaw, 1997).
———, Z notatnika aktywisty ZMP (Warsaw, 1954).
‘They rocked my cradle then bundled me out’—Ethnic German Fate in Hungary 1939–1948, exhibition catalogue, Terror Háza Múzeum (Budapest, 2007).
Thomson, Stewart, in collaboration with Robert Bialek, The Bialek Affair (London, 1955).
Tillich, Ernest, Hefte der Kampfgruppe, brochure published in Berlin, 1945.
Tismaneanu, Vladimir, ed., Stalinism Revisited: The Establishment of the Communist Regimes in East Central Europe and the Dynamics of the Soviet Bloc (New York and Budapest, 2009).
Tóbiás, Áron, Kettészelt égbolt. A Magyar Rádió regénye. 1945–1956 (Budapest, 2004).
Todorov, Tzvetan, Voices from the Gulag, trans. Robert Zaretsky (University Park, Pa., 1999).
Tomka, Ferenc, Halálra szántak, mégisélünk. Egyházüldözés 1945–1990 és az ügynökkérdés (Budapest, 2005).
Torańska, Teresa, Oni: Stalin’s Polish Puppets, trans. Agnieszka Kolakowska (London, 1987).
Tóth, Ágnes, Hazatértek. A németországi kitelepítésből visszatért magyarországi németek megpróbáltatásainak emlékezete (Budapest, 2008).
Toth, István György, ed., A Concise History of Hungary (Budapest, 2005).
Trznadel, Jacek, Hańba Domowa (Paris, 1986).
Tyrmand, Leopold, Dziennik 1954 (London, 1980).
Ueberschär, Ellen, Junge Gemeinde im Konflikt: Evangelische Jugendarbeit in SBZ und DDR 1945–1961 (Stuttgart, 2003).
Ulbricht, Walter, On Questions of Socialist Construction in the GDR (Dresden, 1968).
Ungváry, Krisztián, A második világháború (Budapest, 2005).
———, The Siege of Budapest: 100 Days in World War II (London, 2002).
Urban, George, Radio Free Europe and the Pursuit of Democracy: My War within the Cold War (New Haven, 1997).
Vitány, Iván, Önarckép—elvi keretben (Celldömölk, 2007).
Volker, Klaus, Brecht: A Biography, trans. John Nowell (New York, 1978).
Volkov, V. K., Uzlovye problem noveishei istorii stran Tsentralnoi i Ugo-vostochnoi Evropi (Moscow, 2000).
Wandycz, Piotr, The Price of Freedom: A History of East Central Europe from the Middle Ages to the Present (London and New York, 1992).
Wedding, Alex, Die Fahne des Pfeiferhansleins (Berlin, 1953).
Wegren, Stephen, Land Reform in the Former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe (London, 1998).
Weitz, Eric D., Creating German Communism, 1890–1990 (Princeton, 1997).
Werblan, Andrzej, Stalinizm w Polsce (Warsaw, 2009).
Werner, Ruth, Sonya’s Report: Fascinating Autobiography of One of Russia’s Most Remarkable Secret Agents, trans. Renate Simpson (London, 1991).
Western Belorussia (Princeton, 1988).
Wierzbicki, Marek, Związek Młodzieży Polskiej i jego członkowie: studium z dziejów funkcjonowania stalinowskiej organizacji młodzieżowej (Warsaw, 2006).
Williams, William Appleman, The Tragedy of American Diplomacy (New York, 1959).
Wir waren schon halbe Russen: Deportiert und uberlebt im GULAG, memoir collection, Gedenkbibliothek zu Ehren der Opfer des Stalinismus (Berlin, 1997).
Włodarcyzk, Wojciech, Socrealizm: sztuka polska w latach 1950–1954 (Warsaw, 1986).
Wojciechowski, Aleksander, O Sztuce Użytkowej i Użytecznej (Warsaw, 1955).
Wójcik, Justyna, ed., Stawialismy Opor: Antykomunistyczne organizacje młodzieżowe w Małopolsce w latach 1944–1956 (Kraków, 2008).
Wolf, Markus, and Anne McElvoy, Man without a Face: The Autobiography of Communism’s Greatest Spymaster (New York, 1999).
Wyszyński, Cardinal Stefan, A Freedom Within, trans. Barbara Krzywicki-Herburt and the Reverend Walter J. Ziemba (New York, 1982).
Zamoyski, Adam, Warsaw 1920: Lenin’s Failed Conquest of Europe (London, 2008).
Zaremba, Marcin, Komunizm, legitymizacja, nacjonalizm: Nacjonalistyczna legitymizacja wladzy komunistycznej w Polsce (Warsaw, 2005).
———, Wielka Trwoga. Polska 1944–1947. Ludowa reakcja na kryzys (Warsaw, 2012).
Żaryn, Jan, Dzieje Kościoła Katolickiego w Polsce (1944–1989) (Warsaw, 2003).
Żelazko, Joanna, ed., Rok 1945 w Łodzi. Studia i szkice (Łódź, 2008).
Zinner, Tibor, A magyarországi németek kitelepítése (Budapest, 2004).
Ziółek, Jan, and Agnieszka Przytuła, Represje wobec uczestników wydarzeń w Katedrze Lubelskiej w 1949 roku (Lublin, 1999).
Zubkova, Elena, Poslevoennoe sovetskoe obshchestvo: Politika i povsednevnost’, 1945–1953 (Moscow, 2000).
Zubok, V. M., A Failed Empire: The Soviet Union in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev (Chapel Hill, 2008).
Żurek, Jacek, Ruch ‘Ksiezy Patriotow’ (Warsaw, 2008).
SELECTED DOCUMENT COLLECTIONS
A Madisz: 1944–48, ed. Sándor Rákosi (Budapest, 1984).
Armia Radziecka w Polsce 1944–1956: dokumenty i materiały, ed. Mariusz Lesław Krogulski (Warsaw, 2003).
Biuletyny Informacyjne Ministerstwa Bezpieczenstwa Publicznego, 1947, eds. Bernadetta Gronek and Irena Marczak, Vol. 1 (Warsaw, 1993).
Das Herrnstadt Dokument: Das Politburo der SED und die Geschichte des Juni 17, 1953, ed. Nadja Stulz-Herrnstadt (Reinbek bei Hamburg, 1990).
DDR: Dokumente zur Geschichte der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik 1945–1985, ed. Hermann Weber (Munich, 1986).
Diary of Georgii Dimitrov, 1933–1949, ed. Ivo Banac (New Haven and London, 2003).
Dimitrov and Stalin: Letters from the Soviet Archives, 1934–1945, eds. Alexander Dallin and F. I. Firsov (New Haven and London, 2000).
Documents on Germany, 1944–1945, United States Department of State, Office of the Historian, Bureau of Public Affairs, 1985.
Dokumente zur Bildungspolitik in der sowjetischen Besatzungszone, eds. Siegfried Baske and Martha Engelbert (Berlin, 1966).
Dokumentumok a magyar politikai rendőrség történetéből 1. A politikai rendészeti osztályok 1945–1946, eds. Zsolt Krahulcsán and Rudolf Müller (Budapest, 2010).
Dokumenty do dziejow PRL, a series published by the Polish Academy of Sciences.
http://www.archivnet.hu/index.php.
http://www.scribd.com/doc/14152546/Soviet-Archival-Documents-on-Hungary-OctoberNovember1956-Translated-by-Johanna-Granville.
Iratok a magyar–szovjet kapcsolatok történetéhez 1944 október–1948 június–Dokumentumok, ed. István Vida (Budapest, 2005).
László Rajk and His Accomplices before the People’s Court, publication of the Hungarian state prosecutor’s office (Budapest, 1949).
Megforgatott világmegforgatók—A magyar népi kollégiumi mozgalom ismeretlen dokumentumai, ed. László Svéd (Budapest, 1994).
Niemcy w Polsce 1945–1950: Wybór Dokumentów, eds. Włodzimierz Borodziej and Hans Lemberg, Vols. I– IV (Warsaw, 2000–2001).
The 1956 Revolution: A History in Documents, eds. Csaba Békés, Malcolm Byrne, and János Rainer (Budapest and New York, 2002).
NKVD i pol’skoe podpol’e, 1944–1945: Po ‘Osobym papkam’ I. V. Stalina, eds. A. F. Noskova et al. (Moscow, 1994).
Partei und Jugend: Dokumente marxistischer-leninistischer Jugendpolitik, Zentralrat der Freien Deutschen Jugend und des Institut für Marxismus-Leninismus beim Zentralkommitee der SED (Berlin, 1986).
Politika SVAG v Oblasti Kulturi, nauki I Obrazovaniya: Tseli, Metody, Rezultaty, 1945–1949 gg, Sbornik Dokumentov, eds. N. Timofeeva et al.
Polska w dokumentach z archiwów rosyjskich 1949–1953, eds. Andrzej Paczkowski et al. (Warsaw, 2000).
Polska–ZSRR: struktury podległości: dokumenty [KC] WKP (B) 1944–1949, eds. Andrzej Paczkowski et al. (Warsaw, 1995).
Powstanie Warszawskie 1944 w dokumentach archiwów Slużb specjalnych, eds. Piotr Mierecki et al., Instytut Pamięci Narodowej (Warsaw, 2007).
Przesiedlenia Polaków i Ukraińców, 1944–1946, Vol. 2, document collection prepared by Archiwum Ministerstwa Wewnetrznych I Administracja RP and Derzahvny Arkhiv Sluzby Bezpeki Ukrainii (Warsaw and Kiev, 2000).
Represje Sowieckie wobec Polaków i obywateli polskich, Ośrodek Karta (Warsaw, 2002).
Soveshania Kominforma, 1947, 1948, 1949: Dokumentii I Materialii, eds. Grant Adibekov et al. (Moscow, 1998); also published as Giuliano Procacci et al., eds., The Cominform: Minutes of the Sovetskii faktor v Vostochnoi Evrope, 1944–1953: Dokumenty, 2 vols., Vol. 1: 1944–1948 and Vol. 2: 1949–1953, eds. T. V. Volokitina et al. (Moscow, 1999 and 2002).
SVAG I Religioznie Konfesii Sovetskoi Zoni Okkupatsii Germanii, 1945–1949: Sbornik Dokumentov, eds. V. V. Zakharov et al.
Szovjet nagyköveti iratok Magyarországról 1953–1956, ed. Magdolna Baráth (Budapest, 2002).
Three Conferences, 1947 / 1948 / 1949 (Milan, 1994).
Uniting Germany: Documents and Debates, 1944–1993, eds. Konrad H. Jarausch and Volker Gransow (Providence, 1994).
Uprising in East Germany, ed. Christian Ostermann (New York, 2001).
Vostochnaya Evropa v dokumentakh rossiiskikh arkhivov, 1944–1953, 2 vols., Vol. 1: 1944–1948 and Vol. 2: 1949–1953, eds. T. V. Volokitina et al. (Novosibirsk, 1997 and 1999).
Zrzeszenie ’Wolnosc i Niezawislosc’w dokumentach, eds. Jozefa Huchlowa et al. (Wrocław, 1997).
SELECTED PERIODICALS
Berliner Zeitung
Biuletyn Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej
Gazeta Ludowa
Gazeta Wyborcza
Irodalmi Újság
Junge Welt
Karta
Kis Újság
Neues Deutschland
Polityka
Polska Zbrojna
Pravda
Przekrój
Rzeczpospolita
Der Spiegel
Szabad Nép
Sztandar Mlodych
Tageszeitung
Tägliche Rundschau
Trybuna Ludu
Tygodnik Mazowsze
Ulenspiegel: Literatur, Kunst, Satire
Zycie Warszawy
ILLUSTRATION CREDITS
1. The Red Army in Western Poland, March 1945 (PAP/DPA).
2. The Reichstag, April 1945 (PAP/DPA).
3. Soviet soldiers distributing food to German civilians, May 1945 (PAP/DPA).
4. Széchenyi Chain Bridge, Budapest, summer 1945 (Terror Háza).
5. Family meal in the ruins of Warsaw (PAP).
6. A woman selling bread on a street corner in Warsaw, summer 1945 (PAP).
7. Germans expelled from the Sudetenland, awaiting deportation (CTK).
8. German peasants on their way out of Hungary (Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum).
9. Polish partisans from the underground National Armed Forces, south-central Poland, spring 1944 (PAP/DPA).
10. A Polish partisan accepts amnesty and turns in his weapons (PAP).
11. Mátyás Rákosi addresses Budapest crowds, 1946 (MTI).
12. Demonstration by the communist party in Łódź, Poland, 1946 (PAP).
13. Election graffiti in Budapest, 1945 (Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum).
14. Voting in the Polish countryside, 1947 (PAP).
15. The communist party triumphant, 1949 (MTI).
16. István Dobi, Mátyas Rákosi, Ernő Gerő, Mihály Farkas, József Révai (MTI).
17. Wilhelm Pieck, Walter Ulbricht, Otto Grotewohl (PAP/DPA).
18. Bierut receiving congratulations on his sixtieth birthday (PAP).
19. A Corpus Christi procession, Poland, 1947 (PAP).
20. Cardinal Jószef Mindszenty with an army escort in Budapest, 1947 (MTI).
21. Soviet soldiers distributing newspapers in the eastern zone of Germany, 1945 (PAP/DPA).
22. Hungarian peasants gathered around their village radio, 1951 (MTI).
23. The Free German Youth helps to form young minds (PAP/DPA).
24. The Free German Youth makes good use of its summer vacation (PAP/DPA).
25. The Union of Polish Youth rebuilds Warsaw (PAP).
26. The Union of Polish Youth puts on a gymnastic display (PAP).
27. Polish shock workers in Gdańsk register their daily output (PAP).
28. Zsófia Teván and Júlia Kollár, posing for the camera on a building site in Sztálinváros.
29. Adolf Hennecke, a German coal miner (PAP/DPA).
30. Ignác Pióker, a Hungarian factory worker (MTI).
31. The Palace of Culture in Warsaw (Photographer: Lisa Larsen/Time & Life Pictures/Getty).
32. A 1952 Warsaw May Day parade (PAP).
33. A 1949 Budapest May Day parade (MTI).
34. A detail from Max Lingner’s mural Aufbau der Republik, 1952 (PAP/DPA).
35. András Kocsis at work on his sculpture Agricultural Brigade, 1954 (MTI).
36. The Women’s Construction Brigade, Sztálinváros (MTI).
37. Young workers on a break, Stalinstadt (PAP/DPA).
38. Delegates march into the Walter Ulbricht Stadium (PAP/DPA).
39. A Free German Youth fanfare corps performs (PAP/DPA).
40. Spontaneous dancers, Warsaw Youth Festival, 1955 (PAP).
41. Carefully planned displays, Warsaw Youth Festival, 1955 (PAP).
42. Demonstrators throwing stones at Soviet tanks, Berlin, June 17, 1953 (PAP/DPA).
43. Carrying away the wounded, Berlin, June 17, 1953 (PAP/DPA).
44. Hungarian rebels on a tank, Budapest, October 1956 (Terror Háza).
45. Shots fired at Bierut’s portrait, Poznań, October 1956 (PAP).
46. Soviet tanks return, Budapest, November 4, 1956 (Bentley Archive/Popperfoto/Getty).
INDEX
Abakumov, Viktor
Abrams, Bradley
Acheson, Dean
Ackermann, Anton, 13.1, 18.1
Aczél, Tamás
Adenauer, Konrad
Agee, Joel
Albania, 11.1, 12.1, 14.1, 18.1
Allies: see Western Allies
America: see United States
American army, 1.1, 2.1, 5.1, 9.1, 14.1, 17.1
American communist party, 3.1, 12.1
Andreas-Friedrich, Ruth
Andropov, Yuri, 13.1, 18.1, 18.2
Anglo-American “agents”: see NKVD
Antal, Jószef
anti-Semitism (in Eastern Europe), 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.1, 7.2, 16.1
appeasement of fascism (Western Europe)
Arendt, Hannah
Origins of Totalitarianism (book)
Arnold, Karl-Heinz 18.1, 18.2
Arrow Cross movement (in Hungary), 5.1, 11.1
Arsenal
Aslund, Anders
Association of Christian Democratic Tobacco Wo
rkers
Attlee, Clement, 5.1, 6.1
Auschwitz, 2.1, 5.1, 6.1, 10.1
Austria, 6.1, 6.2
and communists, 9.1, 9.2
under Nazi influence
in wake of Second World War, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1
Babelsburg
Babi Yar
Baden-Powell, Lord Robert
Baden (Red Army’s headquarters in), 4.1, 5.1, 9.1
Bahr, Egon, 18.1, 18.2
Balkans: see Yugoslavia
Baltic States
occupation of, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1
political persecution and deportations, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 11.1
warfare and lootings in, 1.1, 2.1
Bárdossy, László
Baring, Arnulf
Bauer, Michał
Bavaria
Bavarian Socialist Republic
Becher, Johannes, 14.1, 18.1
Belarus, 1.1, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1
Belgium, 1.1, 13.1
Belyanov, A. M.
Benda, Ernst, 7.1, 9.1, 17.1
Bendzko, Hans-Walter
Beneš, Edvard, 6.1, 6.2
Beresztóczy, Bishop Miklós
Beria, Lavrentii, 5.1, 5.2, 18.1, 18.2
Berlin, 7.1, 7.2
communist uprisings after First World War
cultural and religious activities in, 14.1, 16.1, 17.1
destruction of, 1.1, 1.2, 8.1, 14.1
East Berlin, 1.1, 7.1, 9.1, 11.1, 13.1, 14.1, 14.2, 18.1
House of Ministries in, 14.1, 14.2, 18.1
House of Soviet Culture in
occupation and division of, 1.1, 9.1, 10.1, 17.1; see also Berlin blockade
and party members’ privileges
reconstruction of
Red Army in, 2.1, 2.2, 16.1
West Berlin, 1.1, 4.1, 7.1, 11.1, 16.1
workers’ riots (June 1953) in
Berlin blockade (1948–49), 9.1, 11.1, 17.1
Berlin radio: see Deutsche Rundfunk
Berliner Zeitung, 2.1, 8.1
Berman, Jakub, 3.1, 3.2, 5.1, 6.1, 9.1, 12.1, 12.2, 14.1
Beschasnov, Alexander
Bessarabia, 1.1, 3.1
Bessenyei, György
“Bessenyei Circle”: see Petőfi, Sándor
Beylin, General Major
Beynar, Waclaw
Bialek, Robert, 2.1, 7.1
Białystok, 1.1, 7.1, 8.1
Bien, George
Bierut, Bolesław
Iron Curtain Page 74