Book Read Free

Rat Island

Page 25

by William Stolzenburg


  ______. 2009. Reports from Rat Island reflect successes and concerns. Press release, June 11.

  ______. 2009. No rats found, lab results on six bird tests received. Press release, July 1.

  U.S. National Park Service. 2003. Rat interactions with native wildlife. http://www.nps.gov/chis/naturalresources (accessed Jan. 27, 2004).

  Ussher, G. T. 1999. Tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) feeding ecology in the presence of kiore (Rattus exulans). New Zealand Journal of Zoology 26:117–25.

  Van Driesche, J., and R. Van Driesche. 2004. Nature Out of Place: Biological Invasions in the Global Age. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.

  Van Rensburg, P. J. J., and M. N. Bester. 1988. The effect of cat Felis catus predation on three breeding Procellariidae species on Marion Island. South African Journal of Zoology 23 (4): 301–05.

  Vantassel, Stephen. 2008. Ethics of wildlife control in humanized landscapes: A response. In Proceedings of the Twenty-third Vertebrate Pest Conference, ed. R. M. Timm and M. B. Madon,294–300. Davis: University of California.

  Veitch, C. R. 2001. The eradication of feral cats (Felis catus) from Little Barrier Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 28:1–12.

  Veitch, C. R., and M. N. Clout, ed. 2002. Turning the Tide: The Eradication of Invasive Species. Proceedings of the International Conference on Eradication of Island Invasives. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group.

  Veltman, C. 1996. Investigating causes of population decline in New Zealand plants and animals: Introduction to a symposium. New Zealand Journal of Ecology 20:1–5.

  Wade, Nicholas. 2007. Study traces cat’s ancestry to Middle East. New York Times, June 29. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/29/science/29cat.html?_r=1&em&ex=1183348800&en=46920e3fe2f7c649&ei=5087%0A (accessed Dec. 22, 2008).

  Wallace, George, and Joni Ellis. 2003. Issue Assessment: Impacts of Feral and Free-ranging Domestic Cats on Wildlife in Florida. Unpublished report, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.

  Walsh, Julie, Kerry-Jayne Wilson, and Graeme P. Elliott. 2006. Seasonal changes in home range size and habitat selection by kakapo (Strigops habroptilus) on Maud Island. Notornis 53 (1): 143–49.

  Wanless, Ross M., Andrea Angel, Richard J. Cuthbert, Geoff M. Hilton, and Peter G. Ryan. 2007. Can predation by invasive mice drive seabird extinctions? Biology Letters 3:241–44.

  Warburton, B., and B. G. Norton. 2009. Towards a knowledge-based ethic for lethal control of nuisance wildlife. Journal of Wildlife Management 73 (1): 158–64.

  Warburton, B., Nick Poutu, and Ian Domigan. 2002. Effectiveness of the Victor Snapback Trap for Killing Stoats. DOC Science Internal Series, no. 83. Wellington: New Zealand Department of Conservation.

  Warburton, Bruce. 2008. Invasive species. In Encyclopedia of Environmental Ethics and Philosophy, ed. J. Baird Callicott and Robert Frodeman, 531–33. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA.

  Warne, Kennedy. 2002. Hotspots: New Zealand. National Geographic, October, 75–101.

  Waymer, Jim. 2007. Bird extinctions may quicken: Loss of habitat, warming, cats are all factors. Florida Today, Jan. 23. http://www.floridatoday.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070123/NEWS01/701230332/1006&template=printart (accessed Feb. 13, 2008).

  Whitaker, A. H. 1978. The effects of rodents on reptiles and amphibians. In The Ecology and Control of Rodents in New Zealand Nature Reserves, ed. P. R. Dingwall, I. A. E. Atkinson, and C. Hay, 75–86. Wellington: Department of Lands and Survey Information Series 4.

  White, Kevin, producer. 2003. Restoring Balance: Removing the Black Rat from Anacapa Island. Filmmakers Collaborative, San Francisco.

  White, Piran C. L., Adriana E. S. Ford, Mick N. Clout, Richard M. Engeman, Sugoto Roy, and Glen Saunders. 2008. Alien invasive vertebrates in ecosystems: Pattern, process and the social dimension. Wildlife Research 35:171–79.

  White, Taylor. 1894. Remarks on the rats of New Zealand. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 1868–1961 27:240–61.

  Whitworth, D. L., H. R. Carter, J. S. Koepke, and F. Gress. 2008. Nest Monitoring of Xantus’s Murrelets at Anacapa Island, California: 2007 Annual Report. Unpublished report, California Institute of Environmental Studies, Davis, 33 pp.

  Wilcove, D. S., D. Rothstein, J. Dubow, A. Phillips, and E. Losos. 1998. Quantifying threats to imperiled species in the United States. BioScience 48:607–15.

  Wilcox, Chris, and C. Josh Donlan. 2007. Compensatory mitigation as a solution to fisheries bycatch–biodiversity conservation conflicts. Frontiers in Ecology and Environment 5 (6): 325–31.

  Williams, G. R. 1956. The kakapo (Strigops habroptilus, Gray): A review and re-appraisal of a near-extinct species. Notornis 7 (2): 29–56.

  Williams, Ted. 2009. Felines fatales. Audubon, September/October. http://audubonmagazine.org/incite/incite0909.html (accessed Sept. 29, 2010).

  Wilmshurst, J. M., and T. F. G. Higham. 2004. Using rat-gnawed seeds to independently date the arrival of Pacific rats and humans in New Zealand. Holocene 14:801–06.

  Wilmshurst, Janet M., Atholl J. Anderson, Thomas F. G. Higham, and Trevor H. Worthy. 2008. Dating the late prehistoric dispersal of Polynesians to New Zealand using the commensal Pacific rat. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105 (22): 7676–80.

  Wilson, Deborah J., A. D. Grant, and N. Parker. 2006. Diet of kakapo in breeding and non-breeding years on Codfish Island (Whenua Hou) and Stewart Island. Notornis 53 (1): 80–89.

  Wood, B., B. R. Tershy, M. A. Hermosillo, C. J. Donlan, J. A. Sanchez, B. S. Keitt, D. A. Croll, G. R. Howald, and N. Biavaschi. 2002. Removing cats from islands in north-west Mexico. In Turning the Tide: The Eradication of Invasive Species, ed. C. R. Veitch and M. N. Clout, 374–80. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group.

  Wood, Jamie R. 2006. Subfossil kakapo (Strigops habroptilus) remains from near Gibraltar Rock, Cromwell Gorge, Central Otago, New Zealand. Notornis 53:191–93.

  Worthy, T. H., and R. N. Holdaway. 2002. The Lost World of the Moa: Prehistoric Life of New Zealand. Christchurch, New Zealand: Canterbury University Press.

  Yabe, Tatsuo, Takuma Hashimoto, Masaaki Takiguchi, Masanari Aoki, and Kazuto Kawakami. 2009. Seabirds in the stomach contents of black rats Rattus rattus on Higashijima, the Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands, Japan. Marine Ornithology 37:293–95.

  Zelle, Carolyn, producer. 2003. Journey of the . Odyssey Productions.

  Notes on the Sources

  The facts of this book were gathered from literature, films, personal experience, and dialogues with those involved. Many of these sources are cited in the text, or in the bibliography, or both. Those quotations not specified as to publication come either from interviews with me, or from historical references and documentaries, a few of which deserve the following special mention.

  The history of New Zealand’s predator invasion was thoroughly detailed by Carolyn King in her book, The Immigrant Killers, on which I heavily relied. And the amended legend of Tibbles was largely informed by Ross Galbreath and Derek Brown in their paper “The tale of the lighthouse-keeper’s cat.”

  Richard Henry’s heroic but unheralded life was admirably covered by the authors John and Susanne Hill in their biography, Richard Henry of Resolution Island. Don Merton, also a keen student and admirer of Henry, openly shared with me his own appreciations for the great naturalist’s uncanny grasp of the indefinable kakapo, and his gallant but tragic history in saving it.

  Certain island campaigns were captured, to my great benefit, in films by Roy Hunt (Battle for Breaksea Island), Peter and Judy Morrin (The Battle for Campbell Island), Scott Mouat (The Unnatural History of the Kakapo), and Kevin White (Restoring Balance: Removing the Black Rat from Anacapa Island.)

  The life and work of Don Merton was gathered in large part from Alison Ballance’s book, Don Merton: The Man Who Saved the Black Robin, from David Butler’s Quest for the Kakapo, and from Merton himself. Additional details were granted by Merton’s fr
iends and colleagues.

  A Note on the Author

  WILLIAM STOLZENBURG has written hundreds of magazine articles about the science and spirit of saving wild creatures. A 2010 Alicia Patterson Journalism Fellow, he is the author of the book Where the Wild Things Were and the screenwriter of the documentary Lords of Nature: Life in a Land of Great Predators. He lives in Shepherdstown, West Virginia, and Fairfax, Virginia. Visit his Web site at www.williamstolzenburg.com.

  By the Same Author

  Where the Wild Things Were

  Copyright © 2011 by William Stolzenburg

  All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission from the publisher except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews. For information address Bloomsbury USA, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010.

  Published by Bloomsbury USA, New York

  LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA

  Stolzenburg, William.

  Rat island : predators in paradise and the world's greatest wildlife rescue / William Stolzenburg.—1st ed.

  p. cm.

  ISBN: 978-1-60819-103-1 (hardback)

  1. Wildlife rescue—Alaska—Rat Islands. 2. Predation (Biology)—Alaska—Rat Islands. 3. Predatory animals—Alaska—Rat Islands. 4. Wildlife conservation—Alaska—Rat Islands. 5. Endangered species—Alaska—Rat Islands. 6. Rat Islands (Alaska) I. Title.

  QL83.2.S76 2011

  333.95’1609142—dc22

  2010051457

  First published by Bloomsbury USA in 2011

  This e-book edition published in 2011

  E-book ISBN: 978-1-60819-331-8

  www.bloomsburyusa.com

 

 

 


‹ Prev