Bedouin women, 56–57
Benedict, Ruth, 117, 122, 291n
Berkeley, University of California at, 111–14
Bhatia, Michael, 161–62, 167–68, 254n–55n, 302n–3n
Biden, Joe, 248n
bin Laden, Osama, 27, 44–45, 55
Blackwater, 82, 139
blood feuds, 240n, 263n
Boas, Franz, 121–22, 289n
bombs, bombers, bombings, 13, 19, 45, 79, 277n
in Afghanistan, 27, 35, 64, 75–76, 88, 127, 131–39, 141, 144–47, 153–62, 169, 186, 190, 201, 208, 210, 223, 240n, 271n, 273n, 275n, 294n, 296n–98n, 307n
insurgent social networks and, 27–28
in Iraq, 2, 26–28, 35–37, 88, 162, 240n–41n, 246n–47n, 249n, 273n
Maiwand and, 14, 88, 90, 94, 96, 99, 141, 201, 210, 221–23, 273n, 297n–98n
and need for cooperation between military and civilian workers, 65–66
suicide, 6, 19, 141, 208, 214, 232n, 297n–98n, 320n
see also improvised explosive devices
Bosnian War, 55, 71, 73, 238n, 262n
Bowman Expeditions, 40–41, 251n
Brooke Army Medical Center, 130–31, 140
Brown, Cale, 262n, 269n, 272n–73n
Brown, Sam, 273n
Brun, Djeens, 235n
Bureau of Ethnology, 121
Bureau of Indian Affairs, 70, 262n
Burton, Sir Richard, 114
Bush, George W., 43, 118, 268n–69n, 310n
and nation building in Iraq, 36–37, 247n–48n
Buzkashi, 80
Cabayan, Hriar “Doc,” 28–30
background of, 28, 241n
cultural intelligence and, 29–30, 241n–43n
IED attacks and, 28, 240n–42n
McFate and, 29–30, 117
Callahan, Ted, 306n
Camelot, Project, 122–24, 197, 290n–91n
Canadians:
in Afghanistan, 84, 169–70, 207, 268n–69n, 272n
HTS and, 169–70
Cardinalli, AnnaMaria:
education and background of, 179–80
HTS and, 177–87, 190, 312n
Carle, Glenn, 288n
Carlough, Martin, 104, 107
Center for Naval Analyses, 308n, 317n–18n
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 24–25, 29, 40, 44–45, 97, 116, 118, 243n, 288n
Chayes, Sarah, 271n–72n
Chehel Gazi:
attack on Loyd in, 16–22, 127–28, 235n–37n
bazaar near, 7–9, 11, 13–15, 206, 232n, 279n, 319n
Jack Bauer and, 13–14, 16–17
meaning of name of, 9
physical appearance, 8–9
Salam and, 13–16, 204–6, 208, 217
U.S. military patrols in, 6–11, 13–19, 207, 232n–35n, 293n
Chile, 123–24, 290n
Choate Rosemary Hall, 51–52, 226
Clark, Karen, 308n
Clinton, Bill, 45
Clinton, Hillary Rodham, 52, 226
Cloud, David, 304n
Coburn, Noah, 240n
cockfights, 121
Cold War, 2, 24, 33, 123, 150, 198, 238n, 241n, 248n, 315n
Colonialism, 30
anthropology and, 119, 125, 283n–84n
of British, 113–14, 283n–84n
Colors Insulting to Nature (Wilson), 108
combat-stress related injuries, 76–77, 146–47, 155–56, 264n, 293n, 301n
Commission on the Engagement of Anthropology with the Security and Intelligence Communities (CEAUSSIC), 315n
Congress, U.S., 24, 35, 83, 123, 193, 224, 243n, 310n, 318n
Connable, Ben, 189
Cooper, Clint, 70–77, 132, 279n
and attack on Loyd, 16–21, 127–31, 236n, 292n–93n
Chehel Gazi patrol and, 6–8, 10–11, 13–18, 232n, 234n–35n, 292n–92n
childhood and adolescence of, 70–71, 76
cultural intelligence and, 91, 225
education of, 70, 72
foreign language skills of, 6, 13, 70–75, 130
HTS and, 2, 6–8, 10–11, 77, 91–93, 97–98, 162, 166, 169, 172, 200, 225, 264n–65n, 275n, 304n–5n, 308n
and IED attacks in Afghanistan, 75–76
illnesses and injuries of, 72, 76–77, 129, 264n
intelligence and, 72, 75–77, 263n–64n
interpreters used by, 11–12
as interrogator, 72–77, 263n–64n
and Loyd, 8, 16–21, 127–31, 200, 236n, 234n–35n, 319n
Maiwand and, 7, 13–14, 23, 91–92, 97–99, 127–29, 221, 232n, 235n, 265n
military career of, 70–73, 262n–63n
physical appearance of, 6, 232n
religious beliefs of, 18, 70, 77, 91
Salam and, 13–15, 128, 292n–93n, 301n
Taliban and, 73–76, 263n–64n
Cooper, Kathy, 70–71, 76–77
counterinsurgency, 46, 120, 138, 241n, 288n, 313n
in Afghanistan, 1–2, 10, 42–43, 83, 134, 136, 174–76, 187–89, 238n, 249n, 253n, 294n–95n, 307n
anthropology and, 118–19, 124–25, 286n–87n
intelligence and, 10, 43–44, 253n
Iraq and, 2, 10, 42–43, 252n
Maiwand and, 87–88
and Obama, 174
Petraeus and, 10, 42–43, 253n
research in Thailand on, 124–25
revision of doctrine of, 42–44, 252n–53n
Sosh and, 32, 244n
Crook, George, 288n
Cruise, Tom (interpreter), 11, 22, 211, 237n
cultural intelligence, 249n, 277n, 313n–14n
Afghanistan and, 2–3, 10, 31, 41, 165, 171–73, 175–77, 187–88, 190–92, 195, 198
Army and, 2, 6, 28, 37–39, 41, 102, 165, 173, 192, 194–95, 241n
colonialism and, 30, 283n
counterinsurgency and, 10, 43–44, 241n
geography and, 40–41
Gusinov and, 90–91
HTS and, 6, 10, 41, 46, 91–93, 96, 165–66, 171–73, 190–92, 194, 225, 305n
insurgents and, 28, 36, 195, 241n, 244n
and invasion of Marja, 190–91
Iraq and, 10, 29–31, 35–38, 117, 165, 244n, 246n–48n, 250n
Kipp and, 238n, 250n, 316n
McFarland on, 37–38, 249n
McFate and, 29–31, 35–36, 43–44, 102, 117, 242n–44n, 250n
technology and, 24–25, 29, 238n–39n
war and, 1–3, 118, 125–26
Cultural Preparation of the Environment (CPE), 29–30, 36, 38, 117–18, 241n–43n, 247n
Custer, John, 241n
Dari, 72, 90, 263n, 276n, 274n–75n, 304n
HTS training and, 163–64
Defense Department, U.S. (DOD), 34, 72, 134, 175, 241n, 245n–47n, 274n
anthropology and, 117, 287n
cultural intelligence and, 29, 247n, 250n
HTS and, 24, 46, 162, 164, 173, 193, 196–98, 251n, 303n, 315n, 318n
Iraq and, 27–28, 35, 249n, 268n
Project Camelot and, 123, 290n–91n
Special Technical Operations Division of, 33, 245n
Deitchman, Seymour J., 289n–90n
Democrats, 285n
demographics, 30, 36, 166, 192, 242n, 247n, 250n
Denny, Bryan, 224, 326n
Diyala Province (Iraq), 29–30, 247n
Dobson, Jerome E., 40–41, 251n
Dudley-Flores, Marilyn, 303n
Dunlap, Cas, 177–79, 187, 190, 311n–12n
DynCorp, 152, 266n
economics, economy, 9, 39, 65, 97, 120, 188, 197, 203, 255n
Afghan civil war and, 174–75
counterinsurgencies and, 124–25, 174
cultural intelligence and, 30, 195
Iraq and, 30, 37, 248n–49n
Edwards, David B., 287n–88n
Egypt, 56, 105
Ehsan, Hajji Mohammad, 86, 217–18
espionage, 114, 118–21, 123, 167, 288n
ethnography, ethnology, 53, 113, 124, 171, 17
9, 262n, 267n, 283n–84n
cultural intelligence and, 242n–43n, 250n
HTS and, 45, 81, 163, 166–67
intelligence and, 120, 288n, 316n–17n
Vietnam War and, 30–31
windshield, 166
Evans-Pritchard, E. E., 113, 283n
Fahim, Mohammad, 79
Faith of My Fathers (McCain with Salter), 133, 294n
Fallows, James, 252n
Falluja, 187, 244n
Farsi, 184, 263n, 274n
Faulkner, William, 79
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 164, 177
Feldman, Allen, 284n
Figley, Charles, 146–47, 155–57, 299n, 301n
Flo (interpreter), 181–85
Flournoy, Michèle, 249n
Flynn, Mike, 195–96, 317n
“Fog and Friction of Technology, The” (Kipp and Grau), 239n
Fondacaro, Steve, 31–38, 319n
education of, 31–33, 244n–45n
HTS and, 38, 44, 46, 124, 193, 195–98, 200, 224, 247n, 250n, 254n–55n, 291n, 313n, 315n, 317n–18n
and IED attacks in Iraq, 35–37, 246n–47n
intelligence and, 36, 38, 247n, 313n, 315n, 317n
Korean tour of, 33–34, 245n
and McFate, 31, 35
Pentagon tour of, 33, 245n
on soldiers of future, 34–35, 246n
on U.S. policy failures, 33–34
Vietnam and, 32–34, 244n
Foreign Military Studies Office, 24–25, 37–41, 193–94
Grau and, 25, 40, 238n, 269n
HTS and, 38, 41, 193
technology and, 25, 39
foreign policy, 174, 197, 289n
Ayala’s mentoring skills and, 137–38
Fondacaro on, 33–34
Project Camelot and, 122, 290n–91n
Fort Benning, Ga., 67, 129, 140, 299n
Fort Leavenworth, Kans., see Leavenworth, Fort Leavenworth, Kans.
Fosher, Kerry, 119
Galtung, Johan, 123
Gardez, 78, 274n
Garmabak Pass, 91, 276n
Gate 5, 104–8, 282n
Gates, Robert, 134, 175, 268n
Geertz, Clifford, 120–21, 284n, 287n–88n
Geller, Adam, 303n
geography, 40–41, 251n, 304n
Germany, 49, 64, 115–16, 121, 129–30, 262n
Cooper’s adolescence in, 70–71
geography and, 251n
Nazis and, 112, 282n
ghazis, 84
Ghazni, 78, 136, 274n
Gibbs, Calvin, 325n
González, Roberto J., 118
Grau, Lester W., 270n
Foreign Military Studies Office and, 25, 40, 238n, 269n
Soviet-Afghan War and, 25, 238n
technology and, 25, 38, 239n
trip to Iraq of, 39–40
gray literature, 39
Great Britain, 72, 112–17, 129, 243n
Afghanistan and, 84, 177–78, 186–87, 190, 192, 209, 269n–70n, 311n
Arabs and, 101, 120
colonialism of, 113–14, 283n–84n
cultural intelligence and, 30, 250n
HTS and, 178, 187, 190, 192
IRA and, 30, 112, 284n
Maiwand and, 84–85, 269n–70n
night letters and, 311n
Great Game, 84, 119
Grenada, 33, 150–51
gunfire, celebratory, 36
Gusinov, Tim, 97
cultural intelligence and, 90–91
foreign language skills of, 90, 274n–75n
HTS and, 89–92, 274n–76n
IEDs and, 275n
and Loyd, 90–91
Maiwand and, 90–91, 275n
Soviet-Afghan War and, 89–91
Gusterson, Hugh, 286n
Habibi, Muhib, 201–2, 218
hand signals, 31
Haqqani, Jalaluddin, 44–46
Harvard University, 29, 115
Hastings, Michael, 253n
Hazaras, 171–72, 226
health care, 80, 91, 249n
HTS missions and, 180–87, 311n–12n
Loyd and, 56–57, 62, 130–31, 140, 146
Hekmatyar, Gulbuddin, 61, 78
Helmand, 56, 87, 95, 97, 129, 177–90, 272n, 313n
HTS and, 177–87, 190, 192–93, 304n, 315n–16n
Marines in, 177–78, 186–88, 190, 192–93
Helmand River, 84, 187, 270n
Herat, 87, 95, 272n
Highway 1, 82, 87, 267n, 272n
Hilton, Claude M., 159–60, 266n–67n
hippies, 51, 105, 108, 112
Hitler, Adolf, 251n
Ho Chi Minh, 33–34, 245n
Holbert, Robert, 163, 167–68, 303n–4n
Horowitz, Irving Louis, 123–24, 197, 290n–91n
houseboats, houseboat communities, 104–8, 111–12, 280n–82n
Howard, Mike, 194–95
humanitarian aid, 10, 37, 63–66, 72, 167, 192, 197, 203
in Afghanistan, 64–66, 261n
Loyd and, 55, 261n, 319n
in Maiwand, 88, 136 PRTs and, 58–59
Human Relations Area Files, 113, 283n
Human Terrain, 286n–87n
Human Terrain System (HTS), Human Terrain Teams (HTTs), 38–42, 161–74, 232n–36n, 251n, 274n–78n, 288n, 313n
AF1, 45–46, 255n
AF4, 83, 89, 169–70, 172
AF6, 177–78, 180, 189–90
AF7, 186–87
Afghanistan and, 1–3, 7, 10–11, 40, 44–46, 77, 81–83, 89–96, 99, 138, 161–65, 167–73, 177–87, 189–95, 199–200, 225, 255n, 267n–68n, 275n, 291n, 303n–4n, 306n, 311n–12n, 315n–17n
alleged improprieties of, 162, 224, 256, 326n
anthropology and, 1–2, 10, 41, 45–46, 101–2, 125, 164, 166, 168, 191, 194, 198, 286n, 303n, 305n–6n
arguments among members of, 166–67
Ayala and, 6–8, 11, 78, 81–82, 88–89, 91–94, 98, 135, 137–39, 162, 166–70, 234n, 236n, 255n, 267n–68n, 274n, 277n, 298n, 305n–6n
Cardinalli and, 177–86, 190, 312n
casualties among social scientists in, 161–62, 167–69
Chehel Gazi patrol and, 6–11, 13–18, 232n, 235n
Cooper and, 2, 6–8, 10–11, 77, 91–93, 97–98, 162, 166, 169, 172, 200, 225, 264n–65n, 275n, 304n–5n, 308n
counterinsurgency and, 10, 46
criticisms and disappointment with, 125, 165–66, 172–73, 189, 191–93, 195–97, 286n, 303n, 305n–8n, 317n–18n
cultural intelligence and, 6, 10, 41, 46, 91–93, 96, 165–66, 171–73, 190–92, 194, 225, 305n
culturally conscious war and, 1–3
Dunlap and, 177–79, 187, 190, 311n
evolution of, 24, 102, 247n, 249n–50n, 316n
finances of, 2, 41, 46, 197–98, 254n, 318n
firing members of, 192, 195–96
growth of, 46, 193, 196
Gusinov and, 89–92, 274n–76n
investigations of, 162, 224, 256, 326n
and invasion of Marja, 190–91
Iraq and, 2, 24, 81–82, 162–65, 167–68, 173–74, 194, 303n–4n, 309n, 316n–17n
in Khost, 44–46, 162, 195, 255n, 303n
Lacy and, 177–78, 186, 190–91, 314n–15n
Leatherneck and, 177–80, 186, 189, 192
Loyd and, 1–3, 7–8, 10–11, 77–78, 83, 88, 90–98, 125, 161–62, 167–69, 199–200, 214, 217, 235n, 255n, 275n–78n, 298n, 304n–5n, 320n
McFate and, 38, 101–2, 120, 124, 193, 196–97, 224–25, 250n, 255n, 316n–18n
Maiwand and, 23, 82–83, 85, 88–98, 169, 172, 178, 223–24, 255n, 265n
management and administration of, 38, 44, 46, 167, 173, 192–96, 198, 200, 224–25, 291n, 303n–4n, 308n, 317n–18n
medical missions and, 180–87, 311n–12n
mission and goals of, 77, 81–82, 89, 91, 166–68, 189–90, 193, 250n, 317n
origins of, 2, 23–24, 38, 241n
overhaul of, 224–25
&
nbsp; pay and benefits of members of, 173–74, 224, 308n
praise for, 194–96, 314n, 317n
precursors of, 38–41
Salam and, 21, 135, 236n
security of, 12, 95, 168–70, 233n, 235n, 268n, 286n, 294n, 306n–7n
staffing and hiring practices of, 41, 44, 194, 196, 264n, 275n, 303n, 306n, 308n, 316n–18n
training of, 46, 81–82, 90–92, 162–68, 172–73, 177–78, 181, 183, 193, 265n, 267n, 275n, 303n–8n, 312n, 318n
Warren and, 82, 89, 92, 278n, 320n
Weston Resolve and, 163–65
Hurlbut, Dan, 268n–69n, 272n–75n, 296n
Loyd’s death and, 216–17
Maiwand and, 90, 272n–73n
Salam and, 217, 324n–25n
Hussein, Saddam, 26, 310n
Hutal, Forward Operating Base, 272n, 298n
IED Blitz, 240n–41n
imperialism, 2, 59, 114, 122–23, 283n
improvised explosive devices (IEDs), 239n–42n
in Afghanistan, 27, 35, 75–76, 161–62, 223, 240n, 273n, 275n, 296n
cultural intelligence and, 28, 241n–42n
in Iraq, 2, 26–28, 35–37, 240n–41n, 246n–47n, 249n, 273n
India, 84, 206, 270n
infrastructure, 39, 62, 243n, 249n
Highway 1 and, 82, 87, 267n, 272n
Maiwand and, 88, 273n
Institute of Human Relations, 283n
insurgents, insurgencies, insurgency, 106, 120, 167, 314n
in Afghanistan, 10, 12–13, 25, 44–46, 58–59, 62, 65–66, 72, 74–76, 83, 86–88, 90, 94–96, 130, 134–36, 174–77, 186, 190–91, 195, 199–203, 209–10, 213–14, 216–17, 221–22, 268n, 271n, 273n, 276n, 310n–11n
Cooper and, 72, 74–75
cultural intelligence and, 28, 36, 195, 241n, 244n
escape from Kandahar prison of, 135–36
IED attacks and, 27, 76
and invasion of Marja, 190–91
in Iraq, 25, 27, 36, 152, 176, 246n, 310n
in Khost, 44–46
Jack Bauer’s monitoring of, 12–13
Loyd’s death and, 199–200, 206–7, 214, 216–17, 219
Maiwand and, 12, 87–88, 90–91, 94–96, 201, 210, 221–22
Project Camelot and, 122–23
Salam and, 135, 202, 219, 222
social networks of, 27–28, 241n
tools of convenience in attacks of, 206–7
see also Taliban
intelligence, 69, 90, 113, 116, 134, 163, 176, 188–91, 222–23, 239n, 241n–43n
Cardinalli and, 179–80
comparisons between anthropology and, 30, 121–22, 288n–89n
Cooper and, 71–72, 75–77, 263n–64n
counterinsurgency and, 10, 43–44, 253n
cultural, see cultural intelligence
defined by Army, 249n, 313n–14n
ethnography and, 120, 288n, 316n–17n
HTS and, 2, 41, 92, 94–95, 166–67, 189, 194–95, 275n, 291n, 313n–15n, 317n
Iraq and, 37, 180, 241n
The Tender Soldier: A True Story of War and Sacrifice Page 40