by Philipp Blom
entertainment in, 105–107
Harlem Shadows in, 107–109
introduction to, 97–98
journal publications in, 100–103
legacy of, 405
Nigger Heaven and, 103–104
world-wide influence of, 109–112
Harlem Shadows, 107–109
Harvard College Observatory, 114–115
harvest quotas, of Stalin, 289–290
Hatfield, Sid, 93
hatred of patriots, post-war France, 207–210
Hausmann, Baron, 192
Hayek, Friedrich von, 408
Hays, Will, 311
Hebrew, 354
Hegel, Friedrich Wilhelm, 361–362
Heidegger, Martin, 48, 124, 307–308
Heimwehr (Home Defense), 205–207
Heine, Heinrich, 301
Heisenberg, Werner, 118–122, 124–125, 304–305
Helm, Brigitte, 175
Hemingway, Ernest, 68–72, 301, 389
Henderson, Caroline, 333
Henry Freyn and Co., 234–236
heredity, Lamarck’s theory of, 164
Hernried, Paul von, 350–351
Der Herr Karl, 195
Herriott, Édouard, 294
Hicks, Sue K., 152
Hindenburg, Paul von, 261
Hirschfeld, Magnus, 257–258, 302–303
Hitler, Adolf
on Breker’s sculpture, 370
exodus from Germany and, 343–344
Mein Kampf by, 170
Mussolini and, 273–274
New Man and, 367
Nietzsche and, 163
Olympic Games. See Olympic Games (1936)
propaganda of, 280
Spanish Civil War and, 382–383
Spengler and, 47–48
HMS Valiant, 324
Hofmannsthal, Hugo von, 305
Hollywood
Dietrich in, 265
exodus from Germany to, 350–351
pogrom of the intellect and, 310–312
in Roaring Twenties, 218–219
holodomor, 293. See also Ukraine
home brewing, 62–63
Home Defense (Heimwehr), 205–207
Homo sovieticus, 364
homosexuality
in Berlin, 256–258
of McKay, 109
Nazi repression of, 302–303
Nugent on, 102
Hooker telescope, 115–117
Hoover, J. Edgar, 56, 91
hope for peace. See interwar years
Hopper, Edward, 149
The Horrors of War, 146
Horthy, Admiral Miklós, 48, 241
The House of Rothschild, 311
Houston, Texas, 50–51
Howard, Sidney, 311
Hubble, Edwin, 113–117, 130
Hughes, Langston
on black dancing, 106–107
“I, Too” by, 97
“The Negro Speaks of Rivers” by, 98
on race, 103
on Shuffle Along, 109
in Spanish Civil War, 389
as talented tenth, 101–102
humans as machines, 184–190
hunger artist, 129–130
Hungry England, 326
Hurston, Zora Neale, 102–103
Husserl, Edmund, 124
Huxley, Aldous, 194, 327
Huxley, Julian, 327
Huxley, Thomas, 155
I
“I, Too,” 97
I Am Everywhere (Je Suis Partout), 210
I Have Killed (“J’ai Tué”), 181–182
“I Wanna Be Loved by You,” 215
Ibáñez, Major Bruno, 379
Ibárruri, Dolores, 377–378
iconostase, 286. See also Stalin, Joseph
“If We Must Die,” 54
Il Duce. See Mussolini, Benito
immigration. See also emigration; migrations
during Great Depression, 343–347
from Italy, 268–273
during Prohibition, 272
to United States, 343–347
Immigration Act (1918), 57
Immigration Act (1924), 272, 343, 347–348
industrial slums, 320–323
industrialized nations, 372–373
influenza, 33
injured veterans, 33–36
Innizer, Cardinal, 295
Institute for Sexual Science (Institut für Sexualwissenschaft), 257, 302–303
intellectuals, persecution of. See pogrom of the intellect
An Intelligent Man’s Guide Through World Chaos, 326
International Anti-Fascist Archive, 346
International Brigades, 387–390
International Congress for the Determination and Defense of the Modern Spirit, 137–138
International Olympic Committee (IOC), 356
interwar years
Battle of Blair Mountain in, 91–94
conclusions about, 94–95
death in the forest in, 86–88
Harlem Renaissance in. See Harlem Renaissance
Kronstadt rebellion in, 79–86
Lenin in, 79–86
March Action in, 88–91
overview of, 401–402
present time and, 407–411
science in. See scientific discoveries
Stalin in, 88–90
intuition vs. rationality, 121–130
The Invisible Man (1981), 181
The Invisible Ray (1920), 126
IOC (International Olympic Committee), 356
iron friends, 186
“Is Man Doomed by the Machine Age?,” 179
Isherwood, Christopher, 256–258
Israel, 352
Istanbul, 351
It Can’t Happen Here, 311
It Girls, Hollywood, 219–220
Italy
assassination attempts in, 267–269, 276–278
Catholic Church and, 276–279
d’Annunzio in, 39–44
immigrants to U.S. from, 268–273
Mussolini in. See Mussolini, Benito
national greatness narratives in, 273–276
national greatness projects in, 279–282
Shrine of Martyrs and, 278–279
Izvestia, 314
J
Jack and Jill, 330
jackrabbits, 337
“J’ai Tué” (I Have Killed), 181–182
James, William, 100
Jannings, Emil, 250, 265
Jarrow, 322
Jazz Age
emergence of, 11–12
in Germany, 73, 77
in Great Britain, 72–73
Harlem Hellfighters and, 51
Harlem Renaissance and, 105–107
introduction to, 2–3
legacy of, 405
in Paris, 71–72
Prohibition and, 68–70
after World War I, 11
Jazz Kings, 72
Je m’en fous [I don’t give a damn], 77
Je Suis Partout (I Am Everywhere), 210
Jean, James, 126
Jerusalem, 353
Jewish people
discrimination against. See anti-Semitism
Levy on, 168–172
migrations of, 347–349
physicists among, 121–123
Prohibition and, 61
Race Laws against, 343–348, 359
in Vienna, 202–205
Jill and Jack, 330
John Barleycorn: Alcoholic Memoirs, 59
Johnny Spielt Auf, 227–228
Johnson, Charles S., 101
Johnson, James Weldon, 101
Johny spielt auf (1927), 110
Jolson, Al, 2
Jones, Gareth, 293–294
journal publications, 100–103
Journey’s End, 180
Joyce, James, 68–71, 97–98, 131
Jünger, Ernst, 9, 48
K
Kafka, Franz, 128–129
Kaganovich, Lazar, 286
; Kahn, Fritz, 182–183
Kahn, Simone, 137–138
Kalinin, Mikhail Ivanovich, 83
Kamenev, Lev, 393–394
Kane, Helen, 215–216
Kansas, 334–338
Kant, Immanuel, 406
Karajan, Herbert von, 305–306
Karl-Marx-Hof, 200, 213
Karloff, Boris, 180
Kästner, Erich, 298, 305
Keilson, Hans, 302
Keith, Arthur, 182
Kenealy, Arabella, 223
Kennan, George, 372
Kentucky Baptist State Board of Missions, 156
Kessler, Count Harry Graf, 110, 220–221, 346
Keynes, John Maynard, 265, 369
Kiev, 284–285
killing fields, 26–29
King, Norman, 384
King’s Hucksters (Camelots du Roi), 209–210
Kintner, Samuel Montgomery, 178
Kirov, Sergei, 392–393
Klemperer, Victor, 358
Koestler, Arthur, 241, 293, 389
kolkhoz, 287–288, 296
Komsomol, 387
Kraft durch Freude (Strength Through Joy), 368
Krasin, Leonid, 89
Kraus, Karl, 197, 203
“The Kremlin Highlander,” 313–314
Krenek, Ernst, 110, 227–228
Der Krieg (The War), 146
Kriegsbriefe deutscher Studenten, 6
Kriegszitterer (war shiverers), 31
Kristallnacht, 352
Krokodil v Magnitogorske, 233
Kronstadt rebellion, 79–86, 88
Krupp, Alfred, 257
Ku Klux Klan, 51, 52–53, 56
Kubiyovych, Volodymyr, 295
Kuh, Anton, 201
kulaks, 237, 286–290, 296
Kürten, Peter, 258–259
Kuzmin, Nikolai Nikolayevich, 83–84
L
La création du monde, 110
La Revue Nègre, 110
labor pool, 53–54
Labour government, 318, 323
Labour Leader, 23
L’Action Française, 208–211
Lady Macbeth of Mzhensk, 395
Laemmle, Carl, Sr., 311
Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste, 164–167
Lamb, William F., 270
The Lancet, 33–34
Land der Dichter und Denker (country of poets and thinkers), 299
Lang, Fritz, 10, 174–175, 258, 310–311, 365–366
Lange, Dorothea, 341–342
Langenmarck myth, 402–403
Lateran Treaty (1929), 277–278
Law and Freedom (Gesetz und Freiheit), 367
Law for the Reestablishment of the Status of Civil Servants, 303
LBD (little black dress), 222
Le Corbusier, 190, 192–193
Leavitt, Henrietta Swan, 115–116
Das Leben Geht Weiter (Life Goes On), 302
Lebensborn (Spring of Life) organization, 369
Lebensphilosophie, 123
Léger, Fernand, 28–29, 140–142
Legion Condor, 385–387
Leistritz, Hans Karl, 299–300
Lemaître, Georges, 117
Lenard, Phillip, 122
Lenin, Vladimir
demise of, 88–89
Kronstadt and, 80
Kronstadt rebellion and, 81–86
on literature, 312
mechanization and, 185–186
Russell on, 245
Leopold, Nathan, 157–158, 167–168
lesbians, 256
Levy, Oscar, 168–172
Lewis, Sinclair, 311
The Liberator, 108
Life Goes On (Das Leben Geht Weiter), 302
Ligue des Jeunesses Patriotes (Young Patriots’ League), 210–211
Ligue des Patriotes (Patriots’ League), 210–211
Lili Elbe, 258
Lindberg, Charles, 106
Lindy Hop, 67, 106–107
lions vs. donkeys, 329
Lissitzky, El, 364
literature
on Dust Bowl catastrophe, 340–342
pogrom of the intellect and, 312–315
Prohibition and, 68–69
on Spanish Civil War, 389–391
Littérature, 137–138
little black dress (LBD), 222
“Little Father Stalin,” 279. See also Stalin, Joseph
Little Russia, 284. See also Ukraine
Little Vienna, 352
Littoria, 281
Liverpool, 321
The Lives of a Bengal Lancer (1935), 311
lock step society, 302–303
Locke, Alain, 105
Loeb, Albert, 157–158, 167–168
Logan, 93–94
Lola, 258
London, England, 323, 349
London, Jack, 59, 68, 301
The Longing for the Third Reich (1934), 269
Lorca, Federico García, 375, 379
Lorre, Peter, 180, 259, 351
lost generation
in Great Britain, 328
as myth, 30–31
shell shock and, 25, 29–31
Stein on, 70–71
Love on the Dole, 326
love’s anatomy. See Italy
Loy, Mina, 173
Ludendorff, Erich von, 25
Lueger, Karl, 203
Lunacharsky, Anatoly, 89, 312
Luther, Martin, 299
M
M31 (Andromeda), 113, 116
MacDonald, Ramsay, 318, 323
Machinery, the New Messiah, 186
machines, humans as, 184–190
MacLeish, Archibald, 337
The Mad Dog of Europe, 311
Mad Love, 180
Madden, Owney, 105–106
Madonna of the Dust Bowl, 342–343
Madrid, 377–378, 388–389
Mafia, 64–66
Maginot Line, 349
Magnetic City (Magnitogorsk). See Magnitogorsk (Magnetic City)
The Magnetic Fields (Les Champs Magnétiques), 134–135
Magnitogorsk (Magnetic City)
Ballets Russes in, 242–245
Five-Year Plan for, 234–237
introduction to, 233–234
life in, 245–248
stock market crash and, 239–241
symphony of sirens in, 237–239
Mahagonny (1927), 110
Mahler, Alma, 190
Mahler, Gustav, 398
Málaga, 380
Malaparte, Curzio, 309
Mamoulian, Rouben O, 180
Man and Sun, the Aryan-Olympian Spirit (Mensch und Sonne—arisch-olympischer Geist), 367
The Man Without Qualities, 14–15
Mandelstam, Osip, 313–314
“Manifesto of Fascist Intellectuals,” 309
Mann, Heinrich
burning books of, 301
exodus from Germany of, 349–350
Professor Unrath novella of, 250–253, 262
Mann, Klaus, 255, 315
Mann, Thomas, 168, 301–302
Mantrap, 219–220
manufacturing boom, 217–218
March Action, 88–91
Marinetti, Filippo, 273, 281–282, 309
Martin, Campbell Willie, 19–21, 38
Marx, Karl, 241, 301, 363
Marx Brothers, 67
masculinity, 26–27
Mason, Charlotte Osgood, 103
Masse und Macht (Crowds and Power), 197, 204
The Master and Margarita, 312
Matteotti, Giacomo, 309
Mauriac, François, 384
Maurras, Charles, 48, 208–210
Mayakovsky, Vladimir, 312, 364
Mayer, Helene, 358
Mayer, Louis B., 311
May, Harry, 178–179
Mayreder, Rosa, 5, 26
McKay, Charles, 53–54
McKay, Claude, 107–109
The Means-Test Man, 327
mechanical golems, 177–179
T
he Mechanical Man (L’Uomo Meccanico), 126
mechanically enhanced humans, 182–184
media coverage
of Roaring Twenties, 225–226
of Scopes trial, 158
of Spanish Civil War, 389–391
medical mutations, 179–183
medical uses of alcohol, 62
Meek, Private, 22
Mein Kampf, 170, 402
Meitner, Lise, 121
Mellon, Andrew, 339
Mencken, H. L., 152, 159–161, 340
Mendel, Gregor, 164
Mendelssohn, Felix, 305
Mensch und Sonne—arisch-olympischer Geist (Man and Sun, the Aryan-Olympian Spirit), 367
Metcalfe, Ralph, 360
Metropolis
New Man in, 365–366
overview of, 173–177
pogrom of the intellect and, 310–311
World War I and, 10
MGM studio, 311
Midlands, 321–323
midwestern United States. See Dust Bowl
Mielke, Erich, 388
Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig, 74, 190, 261
migrations. See also emigration; immigration
from Dust Bowl, 338–343
during Great Depression, 343–347
of Jewish people, 347–349
to Palestine, 352–354
Milhaud, Darius, 110
Milky Way, 113–117
Miller, Henry, 70
Milne, John, 28
Mimesis, 351
miner’s rights, U.S., 91–94
Ministry of Labour, 328
Mises, Ludwig von, 408
Mistinguett, 72
Mitford sisters, 223, 226
Mob rule, 64–68
mock funerals, 59–60
Model T Fords, 217
Modern Mechanics and Inventions, 179
Modern Times, 10, 184–185
modernity, 6–10, 405–406
Mohawk Indians, 270
Mola, Emilio, 377
monkey trial. See Scopes trial
Montmartre rag, 71–73
Montparnasse, Kiki de, 145
moonshine nation. See Prohibition era
moral change
in Berlin, 253–255
flappers and, 216–221
Prohibition and, 60–68
Mosley, Oswald, 48, 212
Mosley, Sir Oswald, 324–325
Mount Wilson Observatory, 113, 115–117
movies
anti-Semitism and, 261–262, 310–312
of Olympic Games, 371
Prohibition and, 66–67
on science fiction, 126
surrealist, 140–142
Mozart, Wolfgang, 306
Muhkina, Vera, 365, 396
Mumford, Lewis, 150
municipal buildings (Gemeindebauten), 200–201
Murray-Leslie, Dr. R., 223
music
“Abide by Me,” 398
in Italy, 42–43
jazz. See Jazz Age
Musil, Robert, 14–15
Mussolini, Benito
assassination attempts on, 267–269, 276–278
Catholic Church and, 276–279
d’Annunzio and, 43, 48, 57–58
Hitler and, 273–274
Levy and, 171
national greatness narratives of, 273–276
national greatness projects of, 279–282
sexuality of, 274–275