by Rachel May
“Letter from Hilton and Winthrop to Brother Harris,” October 31, 1837, Series F: Franklin Cushman’s notebooks, vol. 2: 111–113, (Elijah Williams Papers, Rhode Island Historical Society).
“Letter from Winthrop to Susan,” February 3, 1838, Series F: Franklin Cushman’s notebooks, vol. 2: 115, (Elijah Williams Papers, Rhode Island Historical Society).
“Letter from Winthrop to Eliza Williams,” August 28, 1835, Series F: Franklin Cushman’s notebooks, vol. 2: 26–29, (Elijah Williams Papers, Rhode Island Historical Society).
Prince Hall biography, Documenting the American South, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/bruceje/summary.html.
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Best, Stephen and Saidiya Hartman. “Fugitive Justice,” Representations. Vol 92, No 1 (Fall 2005) 1–15.
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Clark-Pujara, Christy. Dark Work: The Business of Slavery in Rhode Island. New York: NYU Press, 2016.
Clinton, Catherine. Harriet Tubman: The Road to Freedom. New York: Little, Brown, & Co., 2004.
Coates, Ta-Nehisi. Between the World and Me. New York: Spiegel and Grau, 2015.
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Cromwell, Adelaide M. The Other Brahmins: Boston’s Black Upper Class, 1750–1950. Fayetteville: The University of Arkansas Press, 1994.
Derrida, Jacques. Specters of Marx: The State of the Debt, The Work of Mourning & the New International. New York: Routledge, 2006.
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Dye, Ira. “The Tattoos of Early American Seafarers, 1796–1818.” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 133, no. 4 (1989): 520–554.
Elliott, Debbie. “How a Shooting Changed Charleston’s Oldest Black Church,” June 8, 2016, https:// www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2016/06/08/481149042/how-a-shooting-changed -charlestons-oldest-black-church.
Fanon, Frantz. Black Skin, White Masks. New York: Grove Press, 1952.
Farrow, Anne, Joel Lang, and Jenifer Frank. Complicity: How the North Promoted, Prolonged, and Profited from Slavery. New York: Ballantine Books, 2006.
Fett, Sharla M. Working Cures: Healing, Health, and Power on Southern Slave Plantations. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.
Foner, Eric. Gateway to Freedom: The Hidden History of the Underground Railroad. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2015.
Foucault, Michel. “Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison,” The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism, Second Edition, Ed. Vincent B. Leitch. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2010. 1490–1502.
Foucault, Michel. The History of Sexuality, Vol. 2: The Use of Pleasure, trans. Robert Hurley. New York: Vintage Books, 1985.
Glymph, Thavolia. Out of the House of Bondage: The Transformation of the Plantation Household. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
Gordon, Avery. Ghostly Matters: Hauntings and the Sociological Imagination. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2008.
Hartigan-O’Connor, Ellen. “‘She Said She Did Not Know Money’: Urban Women and Atlantic Markets in the Revolutionary Era.” Early American Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal. Vol. 4, No. 2, Fall 2006. 322–352.
Hartman, Saidiya. “Venus in Two Acts,” Small Axe. Number 26 (Vol 12, Number 2), June 2008, 1–14.
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Kennedy, Cynthia M. Braided Relations, Entwined Lives: The Women of Charleston’s Urban Slave Society. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2005.
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McCandless, Peter. Slavery, Disease, and Suffering in the Southern Lowcountry. Cambridge Studies on the American South. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
McGregor, Deborah. From Midwives to Medicine: The Birth of American Gynecology. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1998. Myers, Amrita Chakrabarti. Forging Freedom: Black Women and the Pursuit of Liberty in Antebellum Charleston. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2011.
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Savitt, Todd L. Medicine and Slavery: The Diseases and Health Care of Blacks in Antebellum Virginia. Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 1981.
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Chapter 7: The Leonids: A Sermon in Patchwork
Notes
The 1833 Leonids were also described in Lakota winter counts by Battiste Good, Lone Dog, The Flame, Major Bush, The Swan, American Horse, Rosebud, No Ears, and Cloud Shield, as described by Burke, Christina E. and Russell Thornton assisted by Dakota Goodhouse, eds. “Winter by Winter,” in The Year the Stars Fell: Lakota Winter Counts at the Smithsonian, Candace S. Greene and Russell Thornton, eds. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 2007.
Scientist Agnes Mary Clerke described the showers as follows: “On the night of November 12–13, 1833, a tempest of falling stars broke over the Earth . . . The sky was scored in every direction with shining tracks and illuminated with majestic fireballs. At Boston, the frequency of meteors was estimated to be about half that of flakes of snow in an average snowstorm. Their numbers . . . were quite beyond c
ounting; but as it waned, a reckoning was attempted, from which it was computed, on the basis of that much-diminished rate, that 240,000 must have been visible during the nine hours they continued to fall.”
p. 216: Sarah Nesnow provided information about people enslaved by Mary Ancrum Walker.
For more on Harriet Powers’ quilt, please see also: Gladys-Marie Fry, “‘A Sermon in Patchwork’: New Light on Harriet Powers,” Singular Women: Writing the Artist, eds. Kristen Frederikson and Sarah E. Webb. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003); Anita Zaleski Weinraub, Georgia Quilts: Piecing Together a History. (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2006).
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“Eyewitness Accounts of the 1966 Leonid Storm,” Leonids: Leonid Multi-Instrument Aircraft Campaign, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, https://leonid.arc.nasa .gov/1966.html.
Powers, Harriet. “Bible Quilt, 1885–1886,” Smithsonian National Museum of American History, Accession Number 283472, http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_556462.
Powers, Harriet. “Pictorial Quilt,” Museum of Fine Arts Boston, Accession Number 64.619, http://www.mfa.org/collections/object/pictorial-quilt-116166.
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Hughes, D.W. “The World’s Most Famous Meteor Shower Picture,” Earth, Moon, and Planets, 68, issue 1–3 (January 1995): 311–322, Digital Library for Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Astrophysics Division, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1995EM%26P...68..311H.
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McCandless, Peter. Slavery, Disease, and Suffering in the Southern Lowcountry. Cambridge Studies on the American South. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
Milon, D. “Observing the 1966 Leonids,” Journal of the British Astronomical Association, 77: 89–93, Digital Library for Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Astrophysics Division, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1967JBAA...77...89M.
Myers, Amrita Chakrabarti. Forging Freedom: Black Women and the Pursuit of Liberty in Antebellum Charleston. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2011.
Perlerin, Vincent. “50th Anniversary of the famous 1966 Leonid storm,” American Meteor Society, 17 November 2016. https://www.amsmeteors.org/2016/11/50th-anniversary -of-the-famous-1966-leonid-storm/.
Powers, Bernard E., Jr. Black Charlestonians: A Social History, 1822–1885. Fayetteville: The University of Arkansas Press, 1994.
Ulrich, Laurel Thatcher. “‘A Quilt Unlike Any Other’: Rediscovering the Work of Harriet Powers,” Writing Women’s History: A Tribute to Anne Firor Scott, Ed. Elizabeth Anne Payne. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2011.
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Winkler, Lisa K. “The Kentucky Derby’s Forgotten Jockeys,” Smithsonian.com, April 23, 2009.
Chapter 8: Even There
Notes
The title of this chapter is from: Wilson, Harriet. Our Nig; or, Sketches from the Life of a Free Black, in a Two-Story White House, North, Showing that Slavery’s Shadows Fall Even There, first published by George C. Rand and Avery, 1859, this edition ed. P. Gabrielle Foreman and Reginald H. Pitts, New York: Penguin Books, 2005.
The South County History Center in Kingston, RI, holds the mural by Ernest Hamlin Baker, “The Economic Activities of the Narragansett Planters,” 1939, which depicts overseers and enslaved people working on the South County plantations. Viewing this mural near Rhode Island’s woods and farmlands is a stark reminder of the realities of enslavement in the north.
For more on the Great Swamp Fight, King Philip’s War, and Massachuset, Narragansett, Wampanoag, and Nitmuk history and European colonialism, please see: Lisa Brooks, The Recovery of Native Space in the Northeast. Indigenous Americas. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2008; Lisa Brooks, Our Beloved Kin: A New History of King Philip’s War. The Henry Roe Cloud Series on American Indians and Modernity, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2008; Jean M. O’Brien, Firsting and Lasting: Writing Indians out of Existence in New England. Indigenous Americas Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2010.
Recent texts on the intersection of Native American and African American history and enslavement include: Brett Rushforth, Bonds of Alliance: Indigenous and Atlantic Slaveries in New France. Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture and the University of North Carolina Press (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2014); Ellen Newell. Brethren by Nature: Indians, Colonists, and the Origins of American Slavery. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2016; Reséndez, Andrés. The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016; Warren, Wendy. New England Bound: Slavery and Colonization in Early America. New York: Liveright, 2017; Dunbar-Ortiz, Roxane, An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the United States. Boston: Beacon Press, 2015; Gailay, Alan, ed. Indian Slavery in Colonial America. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2009.
p. 228, Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God opens: “Ships at a distance have every man’s wish on board. For some they come in with the tide. For others they sail forever on the horizon, never out of sight, never landing until the Watcher turns his eyes away in resignation, his dreams mocked to death by Time. That is the life of men. Now, women forget all those things they don’t want to remember, and remember everything they don’t want to forget. The dream is the truth. Then they act and do things accordingly.”
p. 238–239: The stones are now being cleaned to help preserve them. “Grave Concerns,” Newport Daily News, April 10, 2016, http://www.newportri.com/newportdailynews/news/page_one/grave-concerns/article_da43936f-6f44-5ac3-ac96-21a006301963.html.
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led: Officer is Accused of Bias,” July 20, 2009, http://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/21/us/21gates.html.
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Stoney, Peter G. List and Memorandum Book: Names of Negroes at Calibogue 1829. South Carolina Historical Society manuscript, College of Charleston. 34/707.
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Braxton, Lisa and Alex Reid. “Boston: Origin of Slavery,” Illustrated Talk, March 18, 2015, Royall House and Slave Quarters, Medford, MA, http://www.royallhouse.org/whats-happening/news-and-events/past-events/.
Bridenbaugh, Carl. “Charlestonians at Newport,” The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine, 1767–1765. Vol. XLI, April, 1940, no 2.
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Camp, Stephanie M.H. Closer to Freedom: Enslaved Women & Everyday Resistance in the Plantation South. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1994.
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