Jan 1983—KGB officer Sergey Mikhaylovich Motorin recruited by the FBI in Washington, DC. The CIA apprised and disseminates his CI production.
Early 1983—Vetrov tried for espionage and executed
2 May 1983—Howard is forced out of the CIA
Aug 1983—Hanssen is transferred to the Soviet analytical unit, which supported FBI operations and investigations involving the Soviet intelligence services and provided analytical support to senior FBI management and the intelligence community. He also serves on the FBI’s foreign CI technical committee, which was responsible for coordinating technical projects relating to FCI (foreign counterintelligence) operations.
Summer 1983—Rod Carlson becomes chief of SE/ORP
Sep 1983—Ames leaves Mexico City and is assigned to SE/ORP Soviet Branch at headquarters, where his job is to monitor worldwide CIA operations against the Soviet target from a CI viewpoint
18 Sep 1983—Earl Edwin Pitts joins the FBI
Late 1983—GRU officer Gennadiy Aleksandrovich Smetanin volunteers to the CIA in Lisbon
1984—Moscow City Directorate KGB officer Sergey Yuryevich Vorontsov volunteers to the CIA in Moscow
1984—USMC sergeant Clayton Lonetree arrives in Moscow to serve as a Marine guard at the U.S. embassy
1 Jul 1984—Clair George becomes DDO, replacing Stein
16 Jul 1984—Burton Gerber becomes chief of SE Division, replacing Dave Forden. Gerber’s deputy is Ken Wesolik.
Sep 1984—Paul Redmond becomes chief of SE/USSR
ca. Sep 1984—Murat N becomes COS, Moscow, replacing Carl G
ca. Sep 1984—probably Howard’s first substantive personal contact with the KGB
2 Oct 1984—FBI agent Richard Miller arrested for espionage on behalf of the Soviet Union. Tried three times, finally convicted in Oct 1990, but released in May 1994.
Nov 1984—former CIA contract employee Karel Koecher arrested for espionage on behalf of Czechoslovakia
Early Jan 1985—Motorin returns to Moscow
Jan 1985—Poleshchuk assigned to the KGB residency in Lagos, resumes contact with the CIA
Mar 1985—KGB illegals support officer Gennadiy Grigoryevich Varenik volunteers to the CIA in Bonn
Mar 1985—Konstantin Chernenko dies and Mikhail Gorbachev becomes CPSU general secretary
16 Apr 1985—Ames volunteers to the KGB in Washington, DC. Provides information and asks for fifty thousand dollars.
Spring 1985—Hathaway becomes chief of the CI staff, replacing David Blee who retires
15 May 1985—Ames has a face-to-face meeting with KGB line KR (counterintelligence) chief Viktor Ivanovich Cherkashin at the Soviet embassy in Washington
17 May 1985—Gordievsky is recalled from London. After arrival in Moscow, he is drugged and interrogated, but not arrested. In July SIS exfiltrates him from Moscow.
20 May 1985—Cherkashin makes a clandestine trip back to Moscow, which was not detected by the FBI at the time. He returns to Washington on 31 May.
24 May 1985—former Navy enlisted man John Walker arrested for espionage on behalf of the USSR. He had provided the KGB with cryptographic materials and other intelligence for approximately twenty years.
Late May 1985—in accordance with CIA advice, Bokhan defects to the United States. He had been recalled to Moscow to take care of a problem involving his son, and the CIA suspected that he was under suspicion.
9 Jun 1985—Tolkachev is arrested in Moscow, subsequently tried and executed
13 Jun 1985—probable date of the “big dump.” Ames betrays numerous CIA/FBI assets to the KGB.
13 Jun 1985—Moscow Station CIA officer Paul Stombaugh arrested by the KGB trying to meet Tolkachev
Jul 1985—Milt Bearden assigned as deputy chief of SE, replacing Wesolik
19 Jul 1985—exfiltration of Gordievsky from Moscow
1 Aug 1985—defection of KGB CI officer Vitaliy Sergeyevich Yurchenko to the CIA in Rome. Immediately brought to the United States, where Ames becomes one of his debriefers.
Early Aug 1985—based on Yurchenko’s reporting of Howard’s cooperation with the KGB, we assume that the GTTAW technical operation in Moscow has been compromised. Howard was trained to service the device.
Early Aug 1985—Poleshchuk, on home leave in Moscow, is arrested when he attempts to pick up a dead drop put down by Moscow Station. Subsequently tried and executed.
Late Aug 1985—Smetanin is arrested while on home leave in Moscow. Subsequently tried and executed. His wife is given a five-year sentence for aiding him.
Sep 1985—Lonetree’s first private meeting with Violetta Seina, local employee of the U.S. embassy in Moscow
19 Sep 1985—the FBI interviews Howard based on Yurchenko’s reporting
21 Sep 1985—Howard evades FBI surveillance and flees the United States. Probably arrives in the USSR a day or so later.
23 Sep 1985—Hanssen is transferred to New York, where he serves as supervisor of a technical surveillance squad
Fall 1985—Redmond becomes chief of SE CI (formerly SE/ORP), replacing Carlson
2 Oct 1985—we learn that Poleshchuk has been arrested
4 Oct 1985—Hanssen volunteers (anonymously) to the KGB
4 Oct 1985—Smetanin does not show up for a post-home-leave meeting. We never have contact with him again.
8 Oct 1985—Ames begins full-time Italian language training
6 Nov 1985—Yurchenko re-defects. Martynov is one of his escorts back to Moscow.
ca. 7 Nov 1985—Martynov is arrested, subsequently tried and executed
9 Nov 1985—Varenik is lured to East Berlin, where he is arrested. Subsequently tried and executed.
25 Nov 1985—NSA employee Ronald Pelton is arrested for espionage for the USSR. The arrest was based on a lead from Yurchenko.
11 Dec 1985—last contact with Vasilyev, who dead-drops materials to us in Moscow
Mid-Dec 1985—we learn that Smetanin has been arrested
Late 1985—Casey first briefed on the compromised Soviet operations
Dec 1985–Jan 1986—we conduct probes in Nairobi and Moscow to see if the KGB is reading our communications. Results are negative.
Dec 1985–Feb 1986—sometime in this period, Lonetree has his first meeting with “Uncle Sasha” (KGB officer Aleksey Yefimov/Yegorov)
Jan 1986—SE Division begins stricter compartmentation of its cases. A super-encipherment system is instituted.
Mid-Jan 1986—Mister X “volunteers” to the CIA via an anonymous letter in Bonn. Claims to be a KGB officer. Tells us that we have a mole in Warrenton, and that Varenik was caught because his father found his spy gear. Sends a total of six letters, through summer 1986.
Mid-Jan 1986—Motorin arrested in Moscow, subsequently tried and executed
Late Jan 1986—KGB opens a GTABSORB shipment in the USSR
Early 1986—former DDO, and later IG, John Stein prepares a report for DCI Casey. Reportedly it is his conclusion that there is no connection between the compromised cases.
Feb 1986—Vorontsov arrested in Moscow, subsequently tried and executed
Mar 1986—Lonetree transferred to Vienna
10 Mar 1986—Moscow station officer Mike Sellers arrested by the KGB trying to meet Vorontsov
4 Apr 1986—last phone call from Motorin to his girlfriend in Washington. Calls give the impression that Motorin is not in any trouble.
16 Apr 1986—Robert M. Gates becomes DDCI, replacing John McMahon
Apr 1986—Ames finishes Italian language training, works temporarily on the Italian desk while preparing for his overseas assignment to Rome
2 May 1986—Ames is polygraphed. Clears out after only one session.
7 May 1986—Moscow Station officer Erik Sites is arrested by the KGB trying to meet with GTEASTBOUND, later identified as a dangle
May 1986—Bearden assigned to Afghanistan. Replaced as deputy chief, SE, by Bill Piekney.
Early Jun 1986—Vasilyev arrested in Moscow, subsequently tried and ex
ecuted
1 Jul 1986—Potashov arrested in Moscow. Subsequently tried and sentenced to prison, but amnestied in 1992.
7 Jul 1986—Polyakov arrested in Moscow, subsequently tried and executed
21 Jul 1986—Ames leaves for Rome, where he heads the Hard Targets Branch
7 Aug 1986—Howard surfaces publicly in Moscow
23 Aug 1986—FBI arrests Soviet scientist and KGB officer Gennadiy Zakharov, as the result of a “sting”
30 Aug 1986—the Soviets arrest U.S. journalist Nicholas Daniloff in retaliation
17 Sep 1986—the United States expels twenty-five named Soviets; the Soviets retaliate by expelling five Americans. The numbers then escalate until mid-October.
30 Sep 1986—both Daniloff and Zakharov are released
Oct 1986—we learn of the arrests of Motorin and Martynov
27 Oct 1986—beginning of the CI/STF investigation in the CIA
4 Nov 1986—beginning of the ANLACE investigation in the FBI
14 Dec 1986—Lonetree begins confession to COS Vienna
23 Dec 1986—Yuzhin arrested in Moscow. Tried and convicted of espionage and sentenced to fifteen years, amnestied in 1992.
3 Jan 1987—Pitts is assigned to New York
29 Jan 1987—Casey resigns after suffering a stroke, dies 6 May
Feb 1987—Piguzov, with whom we had been out of contact since 1979, is arrested in Moscow. Subsequently tried and executed.
Mid-Mar 1987—U.S. Marine corporal Arnold Bracy reportedly confesses that he helped Lonetree let the KGB into the U.S. embassy in Moscow. Confession later retracted.
May 1987—beginning of the RACKETEER/BUCKLURE program, designed to tempt KGB officers into cooperating with the United States
26 May 1987—Judge William H. Webster becomes DCI, replacing Casey
12 Jun 1987—charges against Bracy dropped
Summer 1987—Redmond becomes deputy chief, SE Division, replacing Piekney
15 Jul 1987—Pitts volunteers to the KGB in New York
3 Aug 1987—Hanssen is transferred back to FBI headquarters, where he serves as a supervisory special agent in the intelligence division’s Soviet analytical unit
13 Aug 1987—Lonetree found guilty by a military court-martial and sentenced to twenty-five years. He is freed in February 1996.
4 Jan 1988—Richard F. Stolz becomes DDO, replacing George
Apr 1988—the CI staff is reorganized and becomes the Counterintelligence Center. Hathaway now wears two hats: chief of the CI Center and a new position, ADDO for Counterintelligence
Jun 1988—beginning of the GTPROLOGUE dangle case in Moscow
28 Apr 1989—The CIA informs the FBI that State Department officer Felix Bloch may be working for the KGB
22 May 1989—Hanssen informs the KGB via dead drop about the Bloch case
22 Jun 1989—Bloch is warned by the KGB that he is under suspicion. An FBI technical operation picks up the message. The FBI immediately interviews Bloch, but he refuses to confess and is never arrested.
Jul 1989—Ames leaves Rome
Jul 1989—Bearden returns to SE Division, replacing Gerber
Aug 1989—Pitts is transferred to FBI headquarters in Washington
Sep 1989—after home leave, Ames becomes chief of the SE component that follows Soviet and East European cases in Europe
Early Nov 1989—Diana Worthen brings Ames’ wealth to CIC’s attention
Nov 1989—Fedorenko travels to the United States. The FBI and CIA (in the person of Ames) resume contact with him. Fedorenko, who was never arrested, eventually resettles in the West.
Dec 1989—Ames becomes chief of the Czech Branch
Mar 1990—Hathaway retires and is replaced by Hugh E. “Ted” Price
25 Jun 1990—Hanssen assigned to the FBI’s inspection staff as an inspector’s aide. Travels to FBI offices in the United States and abroad.
Aug 1990—Ames serves on the GS-12 promotion panel
Oct 1990—Ames assigned to CIC/AG, where he works on KGB-related matters
Jan 1991—Thomas A. Twetten becomes DDO, replacing Stolz
Early 1991—Price becomes ADDO, is replaced as chief, CIC by James Olson, who previously was deputy chief
May 1991—Redmond becomes deputy chief of CIC
Jun 1991—CIC/SIU set up
1 Jul 1991—Hanssen returns to the intelligence division at FBI headquarters and serves as a program manager in the Soviet operations section. He is in the unit responsible for countering efforts by the Soviets to acquire U.S. S&T intelligence.
31 Aug 1991—Webster resigns
Late Aug 1991—Ames returns to SE Division to serve on the “KGB working group”
6 Nov 1991—Robert M. Gates becomes DCI, replacing Webster
Dec 1991—the KGB First Chief Directorate becomes the SVR
Dec 1991—Ames transferred to the counternarcotics center, where he remains until his arrest
16 Dec 1991—Hanssen and the KGB/SVR have a dead-drop exchange. Hanssen then breaks off contact.
End Dec 1991—the Soviet and East European (SE) Division is renamed the Central Eurasian (CE) Division
Early 1990s—Chernov, who had not been in touch with the FBI since the early 1970s, is arrested in Moscow, tried, and sentenced to eight years. However, he is amnestied after six months.
1992—Nicholson assigned to Kuala Lumpur
6 Jan 1992—Hanssen serves as chief of the national security threat list (NSTL) unit. He focuses the unit’s efforts on economic espionage.
18 Oct 1992—Pitts becomes dormant
5 Feb 1993—R. James Woolsey becomes DCI, replacing Gates
Jul 1993—Hanssen makes an unsuccessful approach to the GRU, again anonymously. The event results in a Russian protest to the USG, and the FBI opens an investigation.
Jan 1994—Price becomes DDO, replacing Twetten
21 Feb 1994—Ames arrested for espionage, with attendant publicity
Apr 1994—Hanssen is temporarily assigned to the Washington metropolitan field office
28 Apr 1994—Ames pleads guilty to espionage
ca. May 1994—Nicholson volunteers to the SVR in Kuala Lumpur. Leaves post shortly thereafter.
Jul 1994—Nicholson assigned to the CIA’s training facility as an instructor
Dec 1994—Hanssen is reassigned to FBI headquarters, in the office of the assistant director for the national security division
Jan 1995—Pitts is moved to the behavioral sciences unit at Quantico
10 Jan 1995—Woolsey resigns
12 Feb 1995—Hanssen is detailed to serve as the FBI’s senior representative to the Office of Foreign Missions at the State Department. He functions as the head of an interagency CI group, and as FBI’s liaison to State’s Bureau of Intelligence and Research
May 1995—Jack Downing becomes DDO, replacing Price
10 May 1995—John Deutch becomes DCI, replacing Woolsey
Aug 1995—FBI launches a sting, reactivating Pitts
28 Feb 1996—Lonetree released from prison
Jul 1996—Nicholson assigned to the counterterrorism center
16 Nov 1996—Nicholson arrested for espionage
15 Dec 1996—Deutch resigns
18 Dec 1996—Pitts arrested for espionage
1997—David Cohen becomes DDO, replacing Downing
28 Feb 1997—Pitts pleads guilty
5 Jun 1997—Nicholson sentenced to twenty-three years and seven months
ca. 22 Jun 1997—Pitts sentenced to twenty-seven years
11 Jul 1997—George Tenet becomes DCI, replacing Deutch 1999—James Pavitt becomes DDO, replacing Cohen
Jul 1999—Hanssen resumes contact with the SVR (formerly the KGB)
Nov 2000—Hanssen’s last successful dead-drop exchange with the SVR
13 Jan 2001—Hanssen reassigned to FBI headquarters as part of the investigation of his activities
18 Feb 2001—Hanssen arrested
6 Jul 2001—Hanssen pleads guilty
/> 10 May 2002—Hanssen sentenced to life imprisonment
12 July 2002—death of Howard in Moscow
NOTES
Chapter 1. Jeanne’s Story
1.For one participant’s account of events after Golitsyn arrived in the United States, see Fulton, Reflections on a Life: From California to China, 32–35.
2.For the story of Kisevalter’s adventurous life, see Ashley, CIA Spymaster.
Chapter 3. Overview of SE Operations
1.Perhaps the best account of the Monster Plot is contained in Tom Mangold’s Cold Warrior: James Jesus Angleton: The CIA’s Master Spy Hunter. Molehunt: The Secret Search for Traitors That Shattered the CIA by David Wise is also worth reading. For extensive biographical information on Angleton himself, see Winks, Cloak and Gown: Scholars in the Secret War, 1939–1961.
2.The Yurchenko case and his connection with Ames is discussed separately in Chapter 17.
3.For the Cherepanov story, see, among others, Andrew and Mitrokhin, The Sword and the Shield: The Mitrokhin Archive and the Secret History of the KGB, 185, and Mangold, Cold Warrior, 213, 253.
Chapter 4. The Polyakov Case—The Beginnings
1.No book has yet been written about the Polyakov case, although he richly deserves one. The best summary is perhaps Elaine Shannon’s “Death of the Perfect Spy,” which appeared in Time on 8 August 1994.
2.A different version of Polyakov’s approach appears in David Wise’s book Nightmover: How Aldrich Ames Sold the CIA to the KGB for $4.6 Million. In this version, related to Wise by John Mabey, Polyakov asked General O’Neil if he could be put in touch with the CIA representative in New York, not with a member of American intelligence as the FBI later reported to the CIA. Accordingly, Mabey posed as a CIA officer, a fact also not mentioned in the FBI memoranda.
Chapter 5. The Polyakov Case—The Middle
1.The Russian rank translates literally as major general, but it is the equivalent of a brigadier general, that is, a one-star general in the West.
Chapter 6. The Polyakov Case—The End
1.The empty bottle of Three Stars cognac was given in the late 1990s to H. Keith Melton, author and world-renowned expert on spy equipment, for display in his private collection housed in the Spy Museum in Boca Raton, Florida.
Chapter 7. Early Major Cases
1.Ranelagh, The Agency: The Rise and Fall of the CIA, 638.
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