John Muir and the Ice That Started a Fire: How a Visionary and the Glaciers of Alaska Changed America
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Lord, Nancy. Green Alaska: Dreams from the Far Coast. Washington: Counterpoint, 1999.
Lyon, Thomas J. “John Muir, the Physiology of the Brain, and the ‘Wilderness Experience.’” The Living Wilderness, Summer 1974.
Marx, Leo. The Machine in the Garden: Technology and the Pastoral Ideal in America. London: Oxford University Press, 1964.
Mathez, Edmond A. Earth: Inside and Out. New York: New Press, 2000.
McKibben, Bill. The End of Nature. New York: Anchor Books, 1990.
———. “The Keystone Pipeline Revolt.” Rolling Stone, Sept. 28, 2011.
McPhee, John. Annals of the Former World. New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 1998.
Meine, Curt D. Aldo Leopold: His Life and Work. University of Wisconsin Press, 2010.
Morris, Edmund. Theodore Rex. New York: Random House, 2001.
Muir, John. “Living Glaciers of California.” Harper’s, Nov. 1875.
———. The Mountains of California. New York: Century Co., 1907.
———. My First Summer in the Sierra, 1911. New York, Penguin, 1997.
———. Northwest Passages: From the Pen of John Muir. Palo Alto: Tioga, 1988.
———. Our National Parks. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1901.
———. Stickeen: The Story of a Dog. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1909.
———. The Story of My Boyhood and Youth, 1913. San Francisco: Sierra Club, 1989.
———. Travels in Alaska. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1915.
———. The Yosemite. 1912. San Francisco, Sierra Club, 1988.
Nash, Roderick. Wilderness and the American Mind (Revised Edition). New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 1973.
Nelson, Richard. The Island Within. San Francisco: North Point, 1989.
Oliver, Mary. New and Selected Poems. Boston: Beacon Press, 1993.
Oreskes, Naomi. The Rejection of Continental Drift. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Pipher, Mary. The Green Boat: Reviving Ourselves in Our Capsized Culture. New York: Riverhead, 2013.
Rawls, James J. “John Muir: Celtic Saint.” California Environmental Conference, October 28, 2006.
Reid, Harry Fielding. “The Reid Papers: Field Journal.” August 4, 1892. Boulder: National Snow and Ice Data Center.
Rowthorn, Anne (compiled by). The Wisdom of John Muir: 100+ Selections from the Letters, Journals, and Essays of the Great Naturalist. Birmingham: Wilderness Press, 2012.
Safina, Carl. The View from Lazy Point. New York: Henry Holt, 2011.
Stoll, Steven. The Great Delusion: A Mad Inventor, Death in the Tropics, and the Utopian Origins of Economic Growth. New York: Hill & Wang, 2008.
Thoreau, Henry David. Walden. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Tocqueville, Alexis de. Democracy in America, Volume II. London: Saunders and Otley, 1840.
Turner, Frederick Jackson. “The Significance of the Frontier in American History.” Chicago: Address to the American Historical Association at the World’s Columbian Exposition, 1893.
Twain, Mark. Autobiography of Mark Twain, Volume 1. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2010.
———. Following the Equator. Hartford, CT: American Publishing Co., 1897.
———. Mark Twain’s Own Autobiography. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1924.
Von Drehle, David. “The Way We Weren’t.” New York: TIME Magazine, 04/18/2011, pp. 40–51.
Williams, Dennis C. God’s Wilds: John Muir’s Vision of Nature. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2002.
Wolfe, Linnie Marsh. Son of the Wilderness: The Life of John Muir. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978.
Wordsworth, William. A Guide through the Lakes in the North of England. London: Longman & Co, 1835.
———. “Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey,” Lyrical Ballads. New York: Penguin Classics, 2007.
Worster, Donald. A Passion for Nature: The Life of John Muir. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
Young, Samuel Hall. Alaska Days with John Muir. New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1915.
Index
Africa, 179
Agassiz, Louis, 22, 34, 38, 65, 71, 111
Age of Enlightenment, 61
Alaska. See also Harriman Expedition; specific trips
beauty of, 9
gold, 48–49, 104, 117, 131, 132, 133–34
purchase of, 11–12
Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (1980), 201, 210
Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (1971), 200
Alaska trip (1879)
Chilkat country, 26–32
conditions, xi–xiii, 13–14
Grand Pacific Glacier, 21–23
Huna Tlingits, 14–17
map, 62
members, 9–10
Pleasant Island, 25–26
voyage home, 25–32, 35–36
Alaska trip (1880), 41–44, 47–48, 50–51, 59–60, 62–63
Alaska trip (1881), 58–59
Alaska trip (1890), 67–69, 72–76, 79–84
Alaska trip (1896), 116
Alaska trip (1897), 116, 117
Amazon River, 179
America, European occupation of, 76–77
American Antiquities Act (1906), 174
Ancon (steamship), 96
animals, attitudes toward, 21, 45, 115. See also hunting
Annette Island, 130–31
Antarctica, 162
apostles, 26
Arrhenius, Svante, 93–94, 153, 188
Atlantic Monthly, 115, 116, 120, 182
Audubon, John James, 149
Auke Tlingits, 27, 32
Australia, 160
Balog, James, 209
Baum, L. Frank, 106
Beach, Rex, 198–99
Bentham, Jeremy, 118
bison, 85, 111, 142–43, 149, 150
Bohn, Dave, 9, 84, 97, 104, 196, 199
Boston, 109, 110
botany trip, round-the-world, 152, 158–59, 160, 162
Bradford, William, 76
Brady Glacier, 50–51, 59–60, 63, 108, 197
Brewer, William, 129, 142
Brinkley, Douglas, 151, 153
Brooks, Alfred, 198
Brown, Belmore, 193
Brown, William E. (Bill), 201
Bryce, James, 119
buffalo, 85, 111, 142–43, 149, 150
Bumppo, Natty (fictional character), 77–78
Burnham, Daniel, 105
Burroughs, John
Harriman Expedition, 130–31, 133, 134, 138, 139
Muir, John, friendship with, 108–9, 126–27
Muir Glacier, 134
photo, 161
Roosevelt, Teddy, and, 152
Skagway, Alaska, 133
Yellowstone trip, 150
Byron, Lord, 77
cabin at Muir Point, 82–83, 94, 98–99, 212
Calhoun, John C., 107
Call of the Wild (London), 153, 204
Cammerer, Arno, 199
Camp Muir, 73, 74, 82, 94, 97, 104, 135
Canby, William, 120
Cape Fox Village, 185
“Capitalism vs. the Climate” (Klein), 209
carbon dioxide, atmospheric, 94, 205–6
Carnegie, Andrew, xiii, 125, 185
Carr, Ezra Slocum, 37–38
Carr, Jeanne, 36–38, 40, 108, 131, 159
Carroll, James, 68, 95, 96–97, 116
Carter, Jimmy, 210
Cassiar (steamship), 4, 5, 6
Catlin, George, 110–11
Catton, Theodore, 96, 97, 189, 197–98
census, 91
Centu
ry magazine, 64, 66, 69, 72, 84, 108, 109–10
Chasing Ice (film), 209
Chicago World’s Fair, 104–6
Chilkats, 26–32
Churchill, Winston, 180
City of Pueblo (steamship), 67
City of Topeka (steamship), 56–57, 58, 97
Civil War, 89, 90
Clark, William, 91
Clements, Frederic, 189
Cleveland, Grover, 115, 116
climate change, 113, 153, 188–89, 205–9, 211
Colby, William, 171, 175
College Fjord, 139, 142
Collier’s, 169
Colville, Frederick, 126
conservation, 84–85, 117–19, 170
continental drift, 189
Coolidge, Calvin, 195
Cooper, James Fenimore, 77–78
Cooper, William, 187, 189–92, 195–97, 199, 201
Copernicus, 46
Cowles, Henry Chandler, 189, 190
Cronon, William, 88
cruise ships, 203–4, 205, 210
Curtis, Edward, 126, 135–38, 139, 144, 145
Dall, William, 126, 127, 129, 134, 143
Darwin, Charles, 38, 46, 65
Davidson, George, 30
Dellenbaugh, Frederick S., 126, 132, 139
Descartes, René, xv, 44–45
Devereux, Walter, 132
Disney, Walt, 106
Doran, Captain, 139
Douglas, Alaska, 49, 68, 117, 132. See also Treadwell Mine
Dudley, Charles, 87
Duncan, William, 130
earthquakes, 164, 165, 169, 190
Ecological Society of America, 190–91
economics, 92, 154
Edson, Charles L., 184
Egypt, 160
Ehrlich, Gretel, 11, 21, 116, 165
electricity, 105
Eliot, T. S., 192
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 38–39, 78–79, 89, 109, 110, 156
England, 110, 111, 112
Enlightenment, Age of, 61
erratics, glacial, 34, 109
European trip, 110, 111
evolution, 38, 46, 65
expansion, westward, 90–92, 106–8
Fernow, Bernhard, 126, 144
Folger, Tim, 206
Fong, Ah, 170
Ford, Henry, 106
Forest and Stream, 126, 148
Forestry Commission, 115–16
Fox, Stephen, 8, 37, 40, 61–62, 118, 173, 176, 199–200
France, 111
Fremont Mining Company, 197
Freud, Sigmund, 161, 192
frontier, 90–92, 106–8
Frontier Thesis, 106–8
Fuertes, Louis Agassiz, 126, 139
Galileo, xv, 46
Gannett, Henry, 126, 134, 139, 145
Garfield, James, 171, 172, 173
geology, 38, 65, 71–72
George W. Elder (steamship), 72–73, 97, 121. See also Harriman Expedition
Gifford, Terry, 72
Gilbert, Grove Karl, 126, 139, 145, 187
Gilded Age, The (Twain and Dudley), xiii, 87, 92
Gilding, Paul, 206
Glacier Bay
glaciers, retreat of, 190
Harriman Expedition, 135–39, 140–41
mineral exploration, 197–99
tourists, 56–57, 58, 74, 75, 96–97, 102–3
Glacier Bay National Monument, 191–92, 195, 197–98
Glacier Bay National Park, 203–4
glaciology, 32–34, 71–72, 145, 205. See also specific topics
Glenora Peak, 4–5
global warming, 113, 153, 205–9
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, xv, 59
Goetzmann, William H., 126, 131, 145
gold, 48–49, 104, 117, 131, 132, 133–34
Grand Canyon, 151, 191
Grand Pacific Glacier, 21–23, 94, 97
Granite Point, 155, 157
Gray, Asa, 58, 65
Green Boat, The (Pipher), 207
greenhouse gas, 94, 205–6
Griggs, Robert F., 191
Grinnell, George Bird, 93, 129, 130, 135, 144, 148–49, 152
Gustavus, Alaska, 211
Harper’s Weekly, 118
Harriman, Averell, 128
Harriman, Edward H. See also Harriman Expedition
children, 128, 129, 135, 139, 143
death, 179
Harriman Expedition, 121, 125–26, 127, 133, 135, 139, 142
hunting, 125, 135, 138, 142
money, attitude toward, 143–44
Muir, John, relationship with, 125, 143–44
Muir, John, storytelling abilities, 177
Harriman Expedition, 125–45
Cape Fox Village, 185
College Fjord, 139, 142
Douglas, Alaska, 132
Glacier Bay, 135–39, 140–41
gold, 131, 132, 133–34
hunting, 125, 135, 138, 142, 143
impetus for, 121, 125
Juneau, Alaska, 132
Kodiak, Alaska, 142
legacy of, 144–45
members, 125–26, 127–28
Muir Glacier, 134–35, 136–37
objective, 128
Russian Far East, 142–43
ship used for, 127
Skagway, Alaska, 133
Tlingits, 139, 140–41
Vancouver Island, 129–31
Wrangell, Alaska, 131–32
Harris, Richard, 49
Harrison, Benjamin, 85, 93
Henry, Dan, 30–31
Hetch Hetchy Valley/Dam, 170, 171–73, 175, 176, 180–81, 199–200
Hines, Walter Page, 182
Hitchcock, Ethan, 171
Holmes, Steven J., 88–89
Hooker, Joseph, 112
Howling Valley, 135, 138
Hume, David, 47
Huna Tlingits, 14–17, 140–41
hunting, 125, 135, 138, 142, 143, 153
Hunting Trips of a Ranchman (Roosevelt), 148
Ice Age in North America, The (Wright), 73
Idaho (steamship), 58, 96
India, 159
Inhofe, James, 206
Italy, 111
Jackson, Sheldon, 3, 18, 26
Jackson, Tim, 209
James, Henry, 147
Jeanette (steamship), 58–59
Jefferson, Thomas, 91, 92, 150
Jensen, Derrick, 209
Johns Hopkins Glacier, 94, 97
Johns Hopkins Inlet, 195–96
Johns Hopkins University, 94, 107, 189
Johnson, Robert Underwood
Conservation Conference, 173
Hetch Hetchy Valley, 171, 172, 180, 181
Muir, John, description of, 64
Muir, John, editing of, 66, 152
Muir, John, eulogy for, 184
Muir, John, letter from, 159
Muir, John, New York trips, 108, 109, 179
Juneau, Alaska, 49, 117, 132
Juneau, Joe, 49
Juneau Daily Empire, 191
Kadashan, 7, 9, 15, 18, 36
Katmai National Monument, 191
Keeler, Charles, 125, 132, 139, 142
Keith, William, 170, 179
Kelly, Luther “Yellowstone,” 135, 142
Kipling, Rudyard, 109
Klein, Naomi, 209
Kodiak, Alaska, 142
Kunstler, James, 206
Lacey, John F., 174
laissez-faire economic philosophy, 92
Lake District of England, 110
la
nds, public, 110–11
Lane, Franklin, 180
Leatherstocking (fictional character), 77–78
LeConte, Joseph, 22, 36, 68, 159–60
LeConte Glacier, 36, 68
Leopold, Aldo, 194–95
Lewis, Meriwether, 91
Lincoln, Abraham, 11, 61, 90, 147, 150
London, England, 112
London, Jack, 133, 153, 169, 204
Loomis, Henry, 68, 72–73, 75, 76, 82
Lord, Nancy, 128, 138
Lyell, Charles, 22, 38, 71
Lyon, Thomas J., 204
Manson, Marsden, 171, 176
Margerie Glacier, 205, 210
Mather, Stephen T., 193–94
McKibben, Bill, 207–8
McKinley, William, 120, 147
Merriam, C. Hart, 125–26, 135, 136, 139, 143
Milankovitch, Milutin, 188–89, 211
Mills, Enos, 193, 194
mineral exploration in Glacier Bay, 197–99
Mitchell, L. J., 198
monuments, national, 174, 191–92, 195, 197–98
Moore, Barrington, 191
Morris, Edmund, 147, 148
Mountains of California, The (Muir), 112
Mount McKinley National Park, 193
Muir, Ann (mother), 20, 109, 113, 114
Muir, Annie (sister), 159
Muir, Daniel (father)
geology, condemnation of, 38, 65
illness and death, 113–14
Muir, John, rejection by, 46–47
religious convictions, 19–20, 38
severity, 19–20, 21
Muir, David (brother), 19–20
Muir, Helen (daughter)
Arizona trips, 163, 165
birth, 55
father, final illness and death of, 184
father, letters from, 112, 170, 177, 179
father’s premonition about, 159
health, 84, 105, 163, 169–70
marriage, 170
personality traits, 163
photo, 164
Muir, Joanna (sister), 113–14, 129
Muir, John. See also Alaska trip (1879)
Africa trip, 179
Alaska, beauty of, 9
Alaska trip (1880), 41–44, 47–48, 50–51, 59–60, 62–63
Alaska trip (1881), 58–59
Alaska trip (1890), 67–69, 72–76, 79–84
Alaska trip (1896), 116
Alaska trip (1897), 116, 117
Amazon River trip, 179
animals, feelings toward, 21, 115
antagonistic personality, 131, 132
appearance, 64
attacks on, 175