The Man Behind the Bayeux Tapestry
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Plate Section
1 Bishop Odo’s seal. On one side he is represented as a mounted soldier and on the other as a bishop holding a staff. It is a perfect representation of Odo’s dual roles as a powerful prince/bishop. Finch Hatton MS. 170, Northamptonshire Record Office
2 The chapel at the gate and part of the perimeter wall of the Abbey of Grestain, founded by Odo’s father Herluin de Conteville c. 1150. Odo’s mother, Herleva, was buried here as was his brother Robert de Mortain as well as his father.
3 A surviving wall belonging to Odo’s eleventh-century castle at Neuilly l’Évêque, which was built into a later farmhouse. The herring-bone masonry seen here was characteristic of Anglo-Norman architecture, both secular and religious.
4 A thirteenth-century reliquary dedicated to St Exupere, the first Bishop of Bayeux.
5 The crypt of Odo’s Bayeux Cathedral, which was consecrated in 1077.
6 The Romanesque tower of the parish church of Cambremer, which formed a detached portion of the Diocese of Bayeux. The bishops of Bayeux held an important market here.
7 The gatehouse of the former abbey of Vigor le Grand. Little remains of the original abbey buildings created by Bishop Odo in the mid-eleventh century.
8 Earl Harold swearing an oath on two reliquaries in the presence of Duke William of Normandy in 1064, from the Bayeux Tapestry.
9 In this scene from the Bayeux Tapestry, Odo, seated next to William, appears to be ordering the construction of an invasion fleet.
10 A sandbank across the mouth of the estuary of the River Dives at Dives-sur-Mer. It was here that the invasion fleet was originally assembled.
11 Aerial view of Pevensey Castle, Sussex. This was the Roman Saxon-Shore fort of Anderitum, where Duke William established a base for his army immediately upon landing in England.
12 In this scene from the Bayeux Tapestry a mounted Norman soldier named Wadard is seen leading a foraging party before the Battle of Hastings. Wadard is believed to have been one of Odo’s vassals, and his depiction on the Tapestry as evidence of Odo’s close association with its creation.
13 In this scene from the Bayeux Tapestry a cleric, believed to be Odo, is blessing a feast after the Norman fleet landed in England. The crescent shaped table and the configuration of the diners is reminiscent of representations of the Last Supper. The soldiers to the left have to make do with a shield from which to eat their meal.
14 The three brothers, William,
Robert and Odo, are depicted together before the Battle of Hastings in this scene from the Bayeux Tapestry. Odo is gesticulating and leading the discussion, William is listening and Robert is about to leave.
15 Turold, recorded on the Tapestry, was probably another of Odo’s vassals. It is not clear if the name is applied to the dwarf holding the horse or, more feasibly, to one of the men on the left of the picture.
16 Vital is bringing news of King Harold’s movements before the battle in this scene. It is likely that he was also one of Odo’s followers. The specific naming of Vital, Turold and Wadard, all men with close links to Odo, provides a strong argument for Odo’s involvement in making the Tapestry.
17 The battlefield at Battle. Harold and the English army were sited at the top of the slope where the remains of Battle Abbey can be seen. The Normans and their allies repeatedly attacked up the hill before eventually dislodging the English.
18 Bishop Odo wielding a baton or mace at the Battle of Hastings. This powerful image has been much discussed. Was Odo participating in the fighting or simply encouraging the Norman troops to victory?
19 A painting of Queen Matilda and her assistants working on the Tapestry from the oil painting, La Reine Mathilde travaillant a la Telle du Conquest, by Alfred Guillard (1849). It was popularly believed that Matilda was personally responsible for the Tapestry and there are several similar pictures from the nineteenth century.
20 Noah’s Arc depicted on Aelfric’s Pentateuch, a late Saxon manuscript, that shows certain similarities in design to the Bayeux Tapestry.
21 A section of Romanesque sculpture depicting a battle scene above the door to the cathedral at Angouleme. The portrayal of soldiers, horses and buildings is remarkably similar to that on the Bayeux Tapestry.
22 Penenden Heath, where the famous ‘trial’ of Odo took place, now sited on the edge of Maidstone in Kent.
23 Aerial photograph of Deddington Castle, Oxfordshire. The defences of a large outer bailey with massive earthworks are defined by their tree cover. It is probable that this was the caput or headquarters for Odo’s Midland estates.
24 The fortified building depicted near the beginning of the Tapestry is probably the ducal castle at Rouen. Odo was imprisoned in the ‘tower’ here between 1082 and 1087.
25 Aerial photograph of Rochester Castle, Odo’s stronghold in Kent. The siege of Rochester (1088) led to Odo’s final banishment from England.
26 The motte at Tonbridge, Kent. The castle mound was probably erected soon after the Battle of Hastings and featured in the 1088 baron’s rebellion.
27 A near contemporary depiction of Pope Urban II preaching the First Crusade at the great Abbey of Cluny in 1096.
28 Preparations for crusade from a twelfth-century manuscript.
29 A panoramic view of Palermo, Sicily, painted by E. Cremp in the nineteenth century. It was here that Odo died and was buried in 1097. Chirico, 1992
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