The First Modern Jew
Page 40
Malebranche, Nicolas, 37
Malthus, Thomas Robert, 160
Manoah, Yehoshua, 151–53
Mansvelt, Regner à, 206n8
Markish, Peretz, 165, 240n47, 241n49
Marrano Jewishness, 138–39, 229n22
Marrano of Reason, The (Yovel), 193
maskilic Hebrew, 86–88
Maupertuis, Pierre Louis Moreau de, 39
Meinsma, K. O., 162
melitsah Hebrew, 86–87
Mendelssohn, Moses, 6, 17, 31, 34, 91, 211n5, 213n3; defense of Spinoza, 36–41, 51–52, 58; early influences, 35–36; importance, 35; and Jacobi, 46–52, 211n10; and Jews in society, 41–46; legacy, 55; pantheism controversy, 46–50
Mendelssohn family, 64
Mennonites, 16
mnemohistory, 4
modernity, 4–5, 77–78
monism, Spinoza’s, 36, 40, 49, 62, 102–3
Morning Hours (Mendelssohn), 46–47, 49, 51
Mörschel, David Ernst, 43
Morteira, Hakham Saul, 21–22
Moses, 17
Nadler, Allan, 196
Nadler, Stephen, 196, 204n5
Nathan ben Yehiel, 221n28
Nathan the Wise (Lessing), 41
Nathanson, William, 162
national pantheism, 124–32, 143–46
National Yiddish Book Center, 190
Nature and God, 28, 61
Neoplatonism, 96–97, 145
Netherlands, The, 15–16
Neumark, David, 122
New Jewish Time: Jewish Culture in a Secular Age (Posen Foundation), 191
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 130
Niewöhner, Friedrich, 212n18
Nordau, Max, 120, 230nn28, 29
Novalis, 61
Novick, Peter, 198
Odessa, 132–33, 140
Oko, Adolph S., 138
Old Faith and the New, The (Strauss), 218n89
On the Civil Improvement of the Jews (Dohm), 41–42
“On the Concept of Judaism” (Wolf), 63
Opera posthuma (Gebhardt), 138
Orobio de Castro, Isaac (Balthazar), 17, 19, 206n14
Ost und West (journal), 129
Oudann, Joachim, 206n11
panentheism, 30, 103
pantheism controversy, 35, 46–50, 61
Pereira, Salomon Rodrigues, 151
Peretz, I. L., 166
Philippson, Ludwig, 55–56, 58, 78, 213n5
Philo, 145
Philosophical Dialogues (Mendelssohn), 17, 35–41, 47
philosophical modernity, 8–9
Pillar of Service, The (Kossover), 159
Pines, Yehiel Michel, 124
Pinsker, Leo, 116–17, 121–22, 133
Pittsburgh Platform (1885), 214n17
Platonism, 145
Poetisher priv in fir tsiklen (Ravitch), 163
Pollock, Frederick, 79, 138
Popkin, Richard, 195–96, 204n5, 209n50
Posen, Felix, 191
Posen Foundation, 191
Posthumous Works (Spinoza), 16
practical liberalism, 68, 73, 74–75
preestablished harmony, 36–37
Principles, The (Albo), 222n44
Puerta del Cielo (Herrera), 29
Quakers, 16
Radical Enlightenment, 9, 23, 83
Radical Enlightenment (Israel), 9, 204n11, 220nn16, 17
Rambam, 93. See also Maimonides, Moses
Rapoport, Shlomo J. L., 87, 88, 94, 221n28
rational theism, 211n5
Rav Saadia Ga’on, 124
Ravitch, Melech, 148, 163–66, 167, 240nn40, 43, 47
Rawidowicz, Simon, 224n75
reason, 24, 48
Reboot, 190
reception histories, 9
Réfutation des erreurs de Benoit de Spinosa (Lenglet-Dufresnoy), 208n35
Reggio, Isaac Samuel, 82, 87, 219n4, 219n5
Reimarus, Elise, 46
religion and secularization, 5–6, 15
religious Enlightenment, 211n5
Remonstrants, 16
Renan, Ernest, 137
Révah, Israel S., 207n21
Romanticism, German. See German Romanticism
Rombro, Jacob, 157
Rome and Jerusalem (Hess), 120–21, 231n37
Roth, Leon, 148, 235n100, 236n140
Rubin, Salomon, 225nn88, 96; biography, 89–90; and Hebrew Halaskah, 90–91; influences, 93–99; Investigation of God with the Science of Man, The, 105–11, 226n105; “Mikhtav,” 222n48; New Guide to the Perplexed (Rubin), 81, 82–83, 99–105; on plans to reclaim Spinoza, 85–89, 220n12; A Victorious Reply, 104
Russian pogroms, 121
Sabbateanism, 169
Sachs, Senior (Sheneur), 82, 98, 141
Saisset, Émile, 225n81
Sarna, Jonathan, 190
Schelling, Friedrich, 61
Schiller, Friedrich, 68, 74
Schleiermacher, Friedrich, 61
Scholem, Gershom, 114
Schorr, Joshua Heschel, 89–90
Schweid, Eliezer, 204n6, 220n18
“Search for Light and Right, The” (Cranz), 43
secularism, history of, 5–6, 8, 204n11
secularism, Jewish, 4, 5, 8, 189–92, 196–201, 203n5
Sefer Yuhasin (Zacuto), 221n28
Self-Emancipation (Pinsker), 121
Sephardic Diaspora, 19
ShaDaL. See Luzzatto, Samuel David
Shatzky, Jacob, 162
Singer, Isaac Beshavis, 154; Destruction of Kreshev, The, 174–75; Family Moskat, The, 156, 176–86, 244n111; influence of Spinoza on, 156–62, 165–68, 187; Little Boy in Search of God, A, 158–59, 165; In My Father’s Court, 157, 237n4, 238nn6, 12; Satan in Goray, 167, 169, 241n56; “Spinoza of Market Street, The,” 156, 170–76, 242n78, 243n80; on Spinoza’s Jewish reception, 155–56
Singer, Israel Joshua, 157, 158, 160, 165
Singer, Pinhos Menahem, 157, 158
Skolnik, Jonathan, 73, 217n78, 218n82
“Slavery within Freedom” (Ha’am), 130, 229n17
Smith, Steven B., 194–95
Societas Spinozana, 137–38, 163
Sokolow, Nahum, 109–11, 128–29
Sorkin, David, 211n5, 212n14, 218n84
Soviet Union, 137
Spaeth, Johann Peter, 29
Spinoza (painting), 109, 110
Spinoza: A Life (Nadler), 196
Spinoza: His Life and Philosophy (Pollock), 79
Spinoza, Liberalism, and the Question of Jewish Identity (Smith), 194–95
Spinoza and His Environment (Shatzky), 162
Spinoza and Other Heretics (Yovel), 192–95
Spinoza bukh, 163, 167
“Spinoza on Religion and State, Judaism and Christianity” (Cohen), 136
Spinozaeum, 148, 236n138
Stern, Jakob, 89
Strauss, David F., 66, 78–79, 216n41, 218n89
Strauss, Leo, 142, 223n63
Stupnicki, Shaul, 157–58, 236n7
Sulamith (journal), 55, 58, 215n29
Surrenhusius, 27
Sutzkever, Abraham, 163
Taufepidimie, 64, 215n31
Tchernichowsky, Saul, 135, 146
Tetragrammaton, 226n98
Theological-Political Treatise (Spinoza), 5, 15, 16, 30–31, 44, 45, 62, 66, 99–100, 118, 162
Thomasius, Jakob, 15
To Lessing’s Friends (Mendelssohn), 47, 49, 50, 51, 58
“Tradition and Innovation in Jewish Literature” (Klausner), 145
Traité des trois imposteurs, 23
transcendence, 193
Treatise on the Immortality of the Soul (da Silva), 92
Triompho del Govierno Popular y de la antigüedad holandesa, 208n30
Two Biblical Questions (Goethe), 66
two-hundred-fiftieth jubilee (The Hague), 137–39
Uganda controversy, 232n54
Uriel Acosta (Gutzkow), 90–92, 108, 221n33, 222n37
Uriel da Costa and Sp
inoza (painting), 107–8, 109
Ussishkin, Menahem, 113
van den Enden, Franciscus, 25
van der Spyck, Henryk, 23–24, 27
van Til, Salomon, 207n18
van Vloten, Johannes, 206n17
Varnhagen, Rahel (Levin), 64
Vindication of the Jews (ben Israel), 41, 42
Voltaire, 39
von Rosenroth, Christian Knorr, 29
Wachter, Johann Georg, 28–32
Wally, the Skeptic (Gutzkow), 67
Warsaw, 162–68
Wihl, Ludwig, 231n37
Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre (Goethe), 71–72
Wissenschaft des Judentums, 55, 63, 69, 70, 87–88
Wolf, Immanuel (Wohlwill), 63, 88
Wolff, Christian, 39
YaShaR. See Reggio, Isaac Samuel
Yerushalmi, Yosef H., 12, 198
Yiddish renaissance, 162–68, 240n37
Yiddish Writers’ Union, 165
Yiddishkayt, 189
Young Germany, 90
young Hebrews, 130
Yovel, Yirmiyahu, 192–95, 245n29
Zacuto, Abraham, 221n28
“Zedekiah in Prison” (Gordon), 222n37
Zeitlin, Aaron, 166–68, 241n59
Zeitlin, Hillel, 126–27, 131, 166
Zionism, 115, 180, 189, 230n27, 232n53, 54; cultural Zionism, 117, 125, 131; and humanism, 135–36; Klausner and, 132–36; national pantheism, 124–32; political Zionism, 116–17; Spinoza’s proto-, 117–24, 148, 194
Zohar, 29
Zunz, Leopold, 55, 64, 87, 222n49
Zvi, Shabbetai, 167, 169