Royalist Agents, Conspirators and Spies
Page 39
Newspapers, Pamphlets, Broadsheets (Viewed as Early English Books Online)
Angliae Ruina (1648)
A Brief Narrative of the late Treacherous and horrid Design (1643)
Certain Informations from Severall Parts of the Kingdome (1643–44)
A Discovery of the Great Plot for the utter ruine of the City of London and the Parliament; John Pym, Esq; his Speech (1643)
England’s Monument of Mercies in her Miraculous Preservations (1646)
A Letter sent by Mr. Henry Jarmin, now resident in Paris, to Mr. William Murray, of his Majesties Bed-Chamber (intercepted at sea, 26 January 1643)
The Malignants treacherous and Bloody Plot against the Parliament and Citty of London (1643)
The Man in the Moon
Mercurius Aulicus
Mercurius Britanicus
Mercurius Civicus, London’s Intelligencer
Mercurius Melancholicus
Mercurius Politicus
Mercurius Pragmaticus
The Military Scribe
Mr Challoner: his Confession and Speech … the fifth of July 1643
Mr Waller’s Speech in the House of Commons, 4th of July, 1643
The Moderate Intelligencer
ONeales Escape out of the Tower of London (London, 5 May 1642)
The Parliament Scout
Perfect Occurrences
Treason Discovered: or the Impeachment of Daniel Oneale (1641)
The Whole Confession and Speech of Mr Nathanial Tompkins (1643)
Secondary Sources
The standard histories of the period, including studies of military campaigns in the Civil Wars, are not included in this bibliography. They are cited in the appropriate footnotes.
Adamson, John, ‘The Baronial Context of the English Civil War’, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th series, vol. 40 (1990), 93–120
— (ed.), The English Civil War: Conflict and Contexts, 1640–49 (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009)
— The Noble Revolt: The Overthrow of Charles I (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2007)
Ashley, Maurice, General Monck (London: Jonathan Cape, 1977)
Aubrey, Paul, Mr Secretary Thurloe: Cromwell’s Secretary of State, 1652–1660 (London: The Athlone Press, 1990)
Aylmer, G. E., The Crown’s Servants: Government and Civil Service under Charles II, 1660–1685 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000)
— (ed.), The Interregnum: The Quest for Settlement 1646–1660 (London: Macmillan, 1972)
— The State’s Servants: The Civil Service of the English Republic, 1649–1660 (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1973)
Barwick, Peter, The Life of the Reverend Dr John Barwick, D.D. (London, 1724)
Bradshaw, Brendan and Morrill, John (eds), The British Problem, c. 1534–1707 (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1996)
Brown, Keith M., ‘Courtiers and Cavaliers: Service, Anglicisation and Loyalty among the Royalist Nobility’, in John Morrill (ed.), The Scottish National Covenant in its British Context (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1990)
Carte, Thomas, The Life of James Duke of Ormond, 6 vols (Oxford, 1851)
Casway, Jerrold, Owen Roe O’Neill and the Struggle for Catholic Ireland (Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1984)
Cowan, E. J., Montrose: For Covenant and King (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1977)
Coward, Barry and Swann, Julian (eds), Conspiracies and Conspiracy Theory in Early Modern Europe (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004)
Cregan, Donal F., ‘An Irish Cavalier: Daniel O’Neill’, Studia Hibernica, vol. iii (1963), 60–100
— ‘An Irish Cavalier: Daniel O’Neill in the Civil Wars, 1642–1651’, Studia Hibernica, vol. iv (1964), 104–33
— ‘An Irish Cavalier: Daniel O’Neill in Exile and Restoration’, Studia Hibernica, v (1965), 42–76
Donagan, Barbara, ‘Varieties of Royalism’, in Jason McElligott and David L. Smith (eds), Royalists and Royalism during the English Civil Wars (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007), pp. 66–88
Firebrace, C. W., Honest Harry, being the Biography of Sir Henry Firebrace, Knight, 1619–1691 (London: John Murray, 1932)
Firth, C. H., ‘Royalist and Cromwellian Armies in Flanders, 1657–1662’, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, New Series, vol. 17 (1903), 67–119
— The Last Years of the Protectorate, 1656–1658, 2 vols (London, 1909; New York: Russell and Russell, 1964)
Fraser, Antonia, King Charles II (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1979)
Grosjean, Alexia and Murdoch, Steve (eds), Scottish Communities Abroad in the Early Modern Period (Leiden and Boston, MA: Brill, 2005)
Ham House (London: National Trust, 2005)
Harbage, Alfred, Sir William Davenant: Poet Venturer, 1606–1668 (New York: Octagon, 1971)
Hardacre, P. H., The Royalists during the Puritan Revolution (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1956)
Harris, R. W., Clarendon and the English Revolution (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1983)
Henning, B. D. (ed.), The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1660–1690, 3 vols (London: Secker & Warburg, 1983)
Hibbard, Caroline, Charles I and the Popish Plot (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1983)
— ‘The Role of a Queen Consort: the Household and Court of Henrietta Maria, 1625–1642’, in Ronald G. Asch and Adolf M. Birke (eds), Princes, Patronage and the Nobility (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991)
Hoskins, S. Elliot, Charles II in the Channel Islands, 2 vols (London, 1854)
Hutton, Ronald, Charles II: King of England, Scotland and Ireland (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989)
— The Restoration, 1658–1667 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985)
— ‘The Structure of the Royalist Party’, Historical Journal, vol. 24 (1981), 553– 69
Keeble, N. H., The Restoration: England in the 1660s (Oxford: Blackwell, 2002)
Lindley, Keith, Popular Politics and Religion in Civil War London (Aldershot: Scolar Press, 1997)
Lister, T. H., The Life and Administration of Edward, first Earl of Clarendon, 3 vols (London, 1837–38)
McElligott, Jason, ‘John Crouch: A royalist journalist in Cromwellian England’, Media History, vol. 10, no. 3, 139–155
—Royalism, Print and Censorship in Revolutionary England (Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 2007)
— and Smith, David L. (eds), Royalists and Royalism during the English Civil Wars (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007)
— and Smith, David L. (eds), Royalists and Royalism during the Interregnum (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010)
Maclean, J. N. M., ‘Montrose’s preparations for the invasion of Scotland, and royalist missions to Sweden, 1649–1651’, in R. Hatton and M. Anderson (eds), Studies in Diplomatic History (Harlow: Longman, 1970)
Marshall, Alan, Intelligence and Espionage in the Reign of Charles II, 1660–1685 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994)
Memegalos, Florence S., George Goring (1608–1657): Caroline Courtier and Royalist General (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007)
Miner, Earl, The Cavalier Mode from Jonson to Cotton (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1971)
Murdoch, Steve, Britain, Denmark-Norway and the House of Stuart, 1603–1660 (Edinburgh: Tuckwell Press, 2003)
Newman, P. R., Royalist Officers in England and Wales, 1642–1660: A Biographical Dictionary (New York: Garland, 1981)
Nicholas, Donald, Mr Secretary Nicholas, 1593–1669: His Life and Letters (London: Bodley Head, 1955)
Ohlmeyer, Jane H., Civil War and Restoration in the Three Stuart Kingdoms: The Career of Randal MacDonnell, Marquis of Antrim, 1609–1683 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993)
— (ed.), Ireland: From Independence to Occupation, 1641–1660 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995)
Ó Siochrú, Micheál, God’s Executioner: Oliver Cromwell and the Conquest of Ireland (London: Faber and Faber, 2008)
— (
ed.), Kingdoms in Crisis: Ireland in the Seventeenth Century (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2001)
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online edition, 2004–)
Peacey, Jason T., ‘Order and Disorder in Europe: Parliamentary Agents and Royalist Thugs 1649–1650’, Historical Journal, vol. 40, no. 4 (1997), 953–76
Pearl, Valerie, London and the Outbreak of the Puritan Revolution (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1961)
Poynting, Sarah, ‘Deciphering the King: Charles I’s Letters to Jane Whorwood’, Seventeenth Century, vol. 21 (2006), 128–40
Raylor, Timothy, Cavaliers, Clubs and Literary Culture: Sir John Mennes, James Smith and the Order of the Fancy (Newark, DE: University of Delaware Press, 1994)
Robertson, A., The Life of Sir Robert Moray, 1608–1673 (London, 1922)
Routledge, F. J., England and the Treaty of the Pyrenees (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1953)
Roy, Ian, ‘George Digby, royalist intrigue and the collapse of the cause’, in Ian Gentles, John Morrill and Blair Worden (eds), Soldiers, Writers and Statesmen of the English Revolution (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), 68–90
— ‘The Royalist Council of War’, Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, vol. xxxv (1962), 151–68
— ‘“This Proud Unthankefull City”: A Cavalier view of London in the Civil War’, in Stephen Porter (ed.), London and the Civil War (London: Macmillan, 1996), pp. 149–73
Russell, Conrad, The Fall of the British Monarchies 1637–1642 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995)
— ‘The First Army Plot of 1641’, in UnRevolutionary England (London: Hambledon Press, 1990), pp. 281–302
Scott, Eva, The King in Exile, 1646–1654 (London: Constable, 1905)
—The Travels of King Charles II in Germany and Flanders, 1654–1660 (London, 1907)
Scott, David, ‘Counsel and cabal in the king’s party, 1642–1646’, in McElligott and Smith (eds), Royalists and Royalism during the English Civil Wars, pp. 112–35
— Politics and War in the Three Stuart Kingdoms, 1637–49 (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004)
— ‘Rethinking Royalist Politics, 1642–9’, in Adamson (ed.), The English Civil War, pp. 36–60
Smith, David L., Constitutional Royalism and the Search for Settlement, c. 1640–1649 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994)
Smith, Geoffrey, ‘Royalist Secret Agents at Dover during the Commonwealth’, in Historical Studies: Australia and New Zealand, vol. 12, no. 48 (April 1967), 477–90
— The Cavaliers in Exile, 1640–1660 (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003)
Stevenson, David, Highland Warrior: Alasdair MacColla and the Civil Wars (Edinburgh: John Donald, 2003)
— Revolution and Counter-Revolution in Scotland, 1644–1651 (Edinburgh: John Donald, 1977; 2003)
Thomas, P. W., Sir John Berkenhead 1617–1679: A Royalist Career in Politics and Polemics (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1969)
Underdown, David, Royalist Conspiracy in England, 1649–1660 (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1960)
Warburton, B. E. G., Memoirs of Prince Rupert and the Cavaliers, 3 vols (London, 1849)
Wilcher, Robert, The Writing of Royalism, 1628–1660 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001)
Woolrych, A. H., Penruddock’s Rising 1655 (London: Historical Association, 1955)
Index
All index entries shown here correspond to the page numbers within the printed edition only. Within this digital format these page numbers allow for cross referencing only.
Subentries are listed in chronological order
Aachen, exiled court at, 183–5, 188
Abbot, Ann, 196
‘Action party’, membership of, 188–9
and Penruddock’s rising, 190, 193, 197, 241
Albemarle, Duke of, see Monck, George
Allestree, Richard, Dr, 6, 225, 232–3, 248
Alresford, battle of, 70
Antrim, Marquess of, see MacDonnell, Randal
Archer, Patrick, 68
Armorer, (later Sir) Nicholas, major
background, 163–4, 198
war record, 5–6, 89, 101
character, 197, 238
duel with Col. Leighton, 163
mission to England 1653–4, 179, 182–3
mission to England 1655
arrests and escapes, 191–2, 195, 196
employs servant in plot to assassinate Cromwell, 201–3
missions in 1658–9, 213, 215, 216, 218–19
clientage relations with different patrons, 183, 184, 226–7, 253
highly regarded by royalist leadership, 182, 184, 226, 227, 253
stranded in Calais, 228, 240
travels to Fuentarrabia with news of Lambert’s expulsion of Rump, 231
rewards, 248–9
Armorer, (later Sir) William
envoy to Courland, 130n, 138
bad temper and dislike of Scots, 130n, 138, 157
employed as courier, 133
employed to kill Manning, 200
Armstrong, Sir Thomas, 193, 217
army
English, 13, 15, 19–20
and army plots, 10, 11, 21–31 passim
Irish, 19, 24, 31, 58–9, 69, 70, 77–8
parliamentary, 40, 57, 81, 202, 232–3
see also New Model Army
royalist, 39–40, 42, 49, 57, 62, 63, 79, 87
Scottish, in Bishops’ Wars, 17–18, 28
in England as parliamentary ally, 59, 81–3
Arundel, Earl of, see Howard, Thomas
Ashburnham, John, 46, 55, 84, 182, 236
attendance on Charles I, 87, 92, 96, 99, 114
withdrawal into private life, 122
Ashburnham, William, 21, 23, 27
Aubrey, John, 13, 30, 71, 80
Baillie, Robert, 32, 80, 83, 93
on divisions in Scotland, 146–7
Balcarres, Earl of, see Lindsay, Alexander
Balfour, Sir William, 26
Bampfield, Joseph, colonel
background, 14, 17
character, 7, 84, 166
war record, 85
employment by Charles I, 85–6, 94
hostility to of Charles II and Hyde, 108, 165, 166, 176–7, 223
support for by ‘Louvrians’and Scottish royalists, 126, 177, 223
relations with Anne Murray, 105, 126, 166, 176–7
rescue of Duke of York, 95, 105–6, 108
employed by Scots ‘royal Presbyterians’, 144, 150–51, 153, 154, 156
who continue to trust him, 165–6, 176–7
intelligence agent for Scot and Thurloe, 166, 176–8, 179, 204–5, 223
arrests and imprisonments, 126, 250
Baron, Hartgill, courier, 224, 226, 228, 229, 233–4
client of Mordaunt’s, 240, 246
Barry, John, Irish officer, 69, 77, 110
Barry, William, 82, 83
Barton, Mr, 210
Barwick, Edward, 125
Barwick, John, Dr, intelligence agent
background, 6, 42
manager of ‘the King’s Affairs’ in London, 42–4, 54
intelligence reports, 95, 101, 124, 213, 225, 234
imprisonment, 125, 213
friend of Dr Hewett, 218, 225
rewards, 248
Barwick, Peter, 55
Bayly, Mr, brings news of end of Rump Parliament, 233
Beasely, Tobias, execution of, 47
Bedford, Earl of, see Russell, William
Belasyse, John, Lord, member of Sealed Knot, 18, 187, 210, 216
Bellings, Richard, 197
Benburb, battle of, 98
Bennet, Sir Henry, 149, 230
succeeds Nicholas as Secretary of State, 253
Benyon, Sir George, 42
Berkeley, Sir John, (later) Lord
and army plots, 21, 23, 27–8, 30, 34–5
attendance on Charles I, 99
in exile, 114, 122
Berkenhead,
Isaac, 152, 153, 154
Berkenhead, Sir John
editor of Mercurius Aulicus, 45, 46, 54, 55, 75, 91
poem lamenting fate of Charles I, 124
intelligence reports, 235, 240
Berwick, 15, 18, 147
Berwick, Pacification of, 14
Billingsley, William, captain, 26
Bishops’ Wars, 13–15, 17–19
Blague, Thomas, colonel
war record, 90
groom of bedchamber to prince Charles, 90
courier and plotter, 90, 143, 152, 196, 228–9
in Scotland and at Worcester, 152, 156, 157, 158
back in exile, 171, 186
in Flanders royalist army, 210
wounded in battle of the Dunes, 221–2
rewards and death, 247, 249
Blake, William, Admiral, 122
Blount, Mountjoy, 1st Earl of Newport
Booth, Sir George, and Booth’s rising, 216, 225, 228–9
Booth, Henry, 233
Boswell, Humphrey, major
background, 100
courier to and from Charles I at Holmby and Carisbrooke, 100, 101, 103, 117, 121, 136n
travels to Scotland, 144, 149
escapes from prisons, 103, 157, 171, 192, 204
disappears from record, 204, 245
Boswell, Sir William, royalist resident in Holland, 138
Borthwick, major, 175, 186
Bourke, Ulick, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde, 168
Breda, 15, 140–42, 185, 234, 235
siege of, 15, 210
Brereton, Sir William, 69
Bristol, 4, 65, 229, 242
royalist capture of, 57
Brodrick, Alan, secretary to Sealed Knot
intelligence reports, 213, 216, 222, 224, 234
Browne, Richard, parliamentarian major-general, 133, 138
Browne, Sir Richard, royalist resident in Paris, 133, 138
Bruges, exiled court in, 190, 206, 207, 210, 241
Brussels, 71, 72, 149, 206, 217, 223–4, 230–34 passim, 241
Treaty of, 207
Buckingham, Duke of, see Villiers, William
Butler, James, 12th Earl, 1st Marquess, (later 1st Duke) of Ormond, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, 4
patron and friend of Daniel O’Neill, 9, 57, 63–4, 69, 156, 148, 178
negotiates truce, ‘Cessation’, with Confederates, 59
low opinion of Antrim, 64, 64n, 67