Teresa, My Love

by Julia Kristeva

  11. Plato, The Banquet, ca. 375 B.C.E.

  12. Life, 10:2, CW 1:105.

  13. Life, 27:2, CW 1:228.

  14. Life, 29:7, CW 1:249.

  15. Life, 10:1, CW 1:105.

  16. Ibid.

  13. IMAGE, VISION, AND RAPTURE

  1. Life, 4:7, CW 1:67.

  2. Life, 29:9, CW 1:250.

  3. Life, 20:3, CW 1:173.

  4. Way, 22:3, CW 2:123.

  5. Life, 29:13–14, CW 1:252–53.

  6. Testimonies, 14, CW 1:392–93.

  7. VI D, 4:5–6, CW 2:380.

  8. VI D, 4:6, CW 2:381.

  9. VI D, 4:7, CW 2:381.

  10. VI D, 4:8, CW 2:382.

  11. VI D, 4:9, CW 2:382.

  12. Life, 26:5, CW 1:226.

  13. VI D, 4:8, CW 2:381–82.

  14. VI D, 8:2, CW 2:405.

  15. VI D, 8:3, CW 2:406–7.

  16. VI D, 9:4, CW 2:411–12.

  17. Life, 4:7, CW 1:68.

  18. Ibid.

  19. VII D, 2:4, CW 2:434.

  20. IV D, 1:8, CW 2:319.

  21. Mercedes Allendesalazar, Thérèse d’Avila, l’image au féminin (Paris: Seuil, 2002).

  14. “THE SOUL ISN’T IN POSSESSION OF ITS SENSES…”

  1. Life, 18:2, CW 1:158.

  2. Life, 18:1, CW 1:157.

  3. Life, 18:2, CW 1:158.

  4. Life, 18:4, CW 1:158.

  5. Life, 18:12–14, CW 1:162–63.

  6. Life, 19:2, CW 1:164.

  7. Life, 14:8, CW 1:137.

  8. Life, 19:9, CW 1:168.

  9. Giovanni Battista Tiepolo: 1696–1770.

  10. Life, 20:24, CW 1:182–83.

  11. Life, 20:25, CW 1:183.

  12. Life, 20:24, CW 1:183.

  13. Life, 20:15, CW 1:178–79.

  14. Life, 20:12, CW 1:177.

  15. Ibid.

  16. Life, 18:1, CW 1:157–58.

  17. Life, 18:12–13, CW 1:162.

  18. Life, 18:10, CW 1:161.

  19. Life, 20:3–4, CW 1:173.

  20. Life, 20:5, CW 1:174.

  21. Life, 20:7–8, CW 1:175.

  22. Life, 20:9, CW 1:176.

  23. Life, 20:12, CW 1:177.

  15. A CLINICAL LUCIDITY

  1. Marguerite Duras, The Vice-Consul, trans. Eileen Ellenbogen (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1968), 61. The first part of the quote was mistranslated by Ellenbogen.

  2. Marguerite Duras, Destroy, She Said, trans. Barbara Bray (New York: Grove, 1994).

  3. Marguerite Duras, Hiroshima mon amour and Une aussi longue absence, trans. Richard Seaver and Barbara Wright (London: Calder & Boyars, 1966), 65: “All I could see were the similarities between this dead body and mine…screaming at me.”

  4. Marcel Proust, “The Prisoner,” in In Search of Lost Time, trans. and with an introduction and notes by Peter Collier, ed. Christopher Prendergast (London: Penguin, 2002), 5:357.

  5. Marcel Proust, Time Regained, trans. Stephen Hudson (London: Chatto and Windus, 1949), chap. 2: “A material of its own, a new one, of a special transparency and sonority, compact, fresh and pink” (215); “Ideas are substitutes for sorrows” (260).

  6. Maurice Barrès: 1862–1923.

  7. See Julia Kristeva, Time and Sense: Proust and the Experience of Literature, trans. Ross Guberman (New York: Columbia University Press, 1998), 106–8, 245.

  8. Way, 28:10, CW 2:144.

  9. Colette, Le pur et l’impur, in Œuvres (Paris: Gallimard, 1991), 3:565: “Ce qui me manque, je m’en passe.”

  10. Colette, Mes apprentissages, in Œuvres, 3:1053: “Ce bon gros amour…”

  11. Colette, Retreat from Love, trans. and with an introduction by Margaret Crosland (London: Peter Owen, 1974), 27.

  12. Colette, La naissance du jour, in Œuvres, 3:290: “On possède dans l’abstention, et seulement dans l’abstention…pûreté de ceux qui se prodiguent.”

  13. Fyodor Dostoyevsky, The Devils, trans. and with an introduction by David Magarshack (London: Penguin, 1971), 586–87.

  14. Fyodor Dostoyevsky, letter to A. N. Maikov, Florence, May 15/27, 1869, in Joseph Frank and David I. Goldstein, eds., Selected Letters of Fyodor Dostoyevsky (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1987), 311: “The main reason [for not writing] was despondency.”

  15. Gérard Labrunie (Gérard de Nerval), “El desdichado,” trans. Richmond Lattimore, in The Anchor Anthology of French Poetry, ed. Angel Flores (New York: Anchor, 2000), 9: “Twice have I forced the crossing of the Acheron / and played on Orpheus’s lyre in alternate complaint / Mélusine’s cries against the moaning of the Saint.”

  16. Life, 20:18, CW 1:180.

  17. Life, 20:19, CW 1:180.

  18. Life, 20:22, CW 1:181.

  19. Life, 29:11, CW 1:251.

  20. Life, 10:1, CW 1:105.

  21. Life, 29:8, CW 1:250.

  22. Life, 4:9, CW 1:68.

  23. Life, 4:9, CW 1:68–69.

  24. Way, 38:9, CW 2:188.

  16. THE MINX AND THE SAGE

  1. Life, 23:7, CW 1:203.

  2. Colette, Les Vrilles de la vigne, in Œuvres (Paris: Gallimard, 1991), 1:961: “Je voudrais dire, dire, dire, tout ce que je sais, tout ce que je pense, tout ce que je devine, tout ce qui m’enchante, et me blesse, et m’étonne” (my translation—LSF).

  3. Life, 30:16, CW 1:261.

  4. Life, 30:19, CW 1:262.

  5. Life, 29:4, CW 1:247.

  6. Life, 31:12, CW 1:269.

  7. Life, 31:13, CW 1:269.

  8. Life, 31:16, CW 1:270.

  9. Way, 12:1, CW 2:81.

  10. Way, 40:9, CW 2:195.

  17. BETTER TO HIDE…?

  1. Cf. Joseph Pérez, L’Espagne de Philippe II (Paris: Fayard, 1999), 140 et seq.

  2. Miguel de Cervantes, Don Quixote (1885; Project Gutenberg) first part, chap. 1, trans. John Ormsby, www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/996/pg996.html. Release date July 27, 2004. Accessed November 11, 2012.

  3. Juan de Ávila: 1499–1569.

  4. Luis de Granada: 1504–1588.

  5. Fernando de Valdés: 1483–1568.

  6. Melchor Cano: 1509–1560.

  7. Martin Luther : 1483–1546.

  8. Juan de Valdés: 1498 (?).

  9. Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros: 1436–1517.

  10. Benito Arias Montano: 1527–1598.

  11. Christophe Plantin: 1520–1589.

  12. Life, 24:2, CW 1:209.

  13. Life, 19:4, CW 1:166.

  14. Life, 18:4, CW 1:159.

  15. Life, 40:8, CW 1:357.

  16. Life, 18:4, CW 1:159.

  17. Life, 9:2, CW 1:101.

  18. Life, 27:2, CW 1:228.

  19. Life, 27:3, CW 1:228–29.

  20. Life, 27:5, 7, CW 1:229–30 (adapted).

  21. Life, 27:8–10, CW 1:230–32.

  22. Life, 28:1, CW 1:237.

  23. Life, 28:3, CW 1:237–38.

  24. Life, 28:4–5, CW 1:238–39.

  25. Rosa Rossi, Thérèse d’Avila (Paris: Cerf, 1989), 67: “S’unir, se transformer en Dieu [to be united, to be transformed into God].”

  26. V D, 1:12, CW 2:340.

  27. VI D, 4:4, CW 2:380.

  28. I D, 1:3, CW 2:284.

  29. VII D, 2:3, CW 2:434.

  30. Life, 28:9, CW 1:241.

  31. Life, 29:3, CW 1:247.

  32. Life, 28:8, CW 1:240.

  33. Life, 40:1, CW 1:354.

  18.…or “TO DO WHAT LIES WITHIN MY POWER”?

  1. Letter 5, to padre García de Toledo, 1565, CL 1:41.

  2. Way, 7:8, CW 2:70 (amended).

  3. VII D, 2:10, CW 2:437.

  4. Life, 10:7, CW 1:108.

  5. Life, 23:1, CW 1:200–1.

  6. Life, 23:3, CW 1:201.

  7. Letter 269, to padre Pablo Hernández, S.J., October 4, 1578, CL 2:122.

  8. Way, 19:8–10, CW 2:111.

  9. Way, 19:10, CW 2:111–12.

  10. Phil. 1:23–24.

  11. Way, 19:12, CW 2:112.

  12. Life, 24:
5, CW 1:211.

  13. Life, 24:6, CW 1:211–12.

  14. Life, 26:3, CW 1:225.

  15. Life, 28:14, CW 1:244.

  16. Life, 38:14, CW 1:334–35.

  17. On St. Teresa’s relationship with the Jesuits, see Victoriano Larrañaga, La espiritualidad de San Ignacio de Loyola. Estudio comparativo con la de Santa Teresa de Jesús (Madrid: A.C.N. de P. Casa de San Pablo, 1944). For the French translation, see Sainte Thérèse d’Avila, Saint Ignace de Loyola: Convergences (Paris: SJ Pierre Téqui, 1998).

  18. Letter 336, to Isabel Osorio, April 8, 1580, CL 2:295.

  19. Letter 378, to doña Ana Enríquez, March 4, 1581, CL 2:401.

  20. Way, 31:5, CW 2:155.

  21. Ibid.

  22. VI D, 9:2, CW 2:411.

  23. Way, 19:15, CW 2:113.

  24. Ibid.

  25. VI D, 9:2, CW 2:411.

  19. FROM HELL TO FOUNDATION

  1. Life, 32:3, CW 1:277.

  2. V D, 3:10, CW 2:352.

  3. Way, Prologue, CW 2:40.

  4. Life, 22:10, CW 1:195.

  5. Letter 402, to Jerome Gratian, July 14, 1581, CL 2:445.

  6. Life, 32:1–3, CW 1:276–77.

  7. On Paul Claudel’s attitude to St. Teresa, see Paul Claudel, Journal, vol. 1 (Paris: Gallimard, 1968), 306–11.

  21. SAINT JOSEPH, THE VIRGIN MARY, AND HIS MAJESTY

  1. The deewan of the Persian mystic and teacher Mansur al-Hallaj (858–922) have not been translated into English in their entirety. This fragment is my rendering of Louis Massignon’s 1955 translation in Husayn Mansür Hallaj, Dîwân (Paris: Seuil, 1981), 114 (LSF).

  2. Life, 40:1, CW 1:354.

  3. Life, 32:11, CW 1:280–81.

  4. Life, 33:2, CW 1:285.

  5. I D, 1:5, CW 2:285.

  6. Life, 39:8, CW 1:345–46.

  7. Testimonies, 3:10, CW 1:384.

  8. Life, 37:7, CW 1:326.

  9. Life, 40:4, CW 1:355–56.

  10. Letter 24, to Lorenzo de Cepeda, January 17, 1570, CL 1:83.

  11. Life, 33:5, CW 1:286–87.

  12. Life, 33:7–8, CW 1:288.

  13. Life, 33:9, CW 1:288–89.

  14. Life, 33:10, CW 1:289.

  15. Life, 38:15, CW 1:335.

  16. Life, 40:13–14, CW 1:359.

  17. Life, 33:11, CW 1:289–90 (sentence order rearranged to comply with original).

  18. Life, 33:12, CW 1:290.

  19. Life, 33:14–15, CW 1:291–92.

  20. Ibid.

  22. THE MATERNAL VOCATION

  1. Quoted by Marcelle Auclair, Thérèse d’Avila, Œuvres complètes (Paris: Desclée de Brouwer, 1964), 111.

  2. Letter 41, to María de Mendoza, March 7, 1572, CL 1:119.

  3. Testimonies, 3:6, CW 1:383.

  4. Letter 2, to Lorenzo de Cepeda, Quito, December 23, 1561, CW 1:32–33.

  5. Life, 34:1–4, CW 1:293–95.

  6. Life, 38:4, CW 1:331.

  7. Life, 34:4, CW 1:295.

  8. Testimonies, 2:4, CW 1:381.

  9. Life, 34:7, CW 1:296.

  10. Life, 37:5, CW 1:325.

  11. Miguel de Cervantes, Don Quixote (1885; Project Gutenberg), second part, chap. 54, trans. John Ormsby, www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/996/pg996.html. Release date July 27, 2004. Accessed November 11, 2012.

  12. Life, 36:18, CW 1:317.

  13. Life, 36:6–7, CW 1:311–12.

  14. Life, 36:11–13, CW 1:314–15.

  15. Life, 36:14, CW 1:316.

  16. Life, 36:15, CW 1:316.

  17. Life, 36:16, CW 1:317.

  18. Life, 36:22, CW 1:319–20.

  19. Life, 33:15, CW 1:292.

  20. Life, 36:24, CW 1:320.

  21. Life, 39:26, CW 1:353.

  22. Way, 31:9–10, CW 2:156–57.

  23. Testimonies, 15, CW 1:393.

  24. Ibid.

  25. The verb entrañar in Spanish connotes intimacy, love, affection; it means to “embrace with passionate strength.” It also has a very “visceral” dimension, as entrañas are “entrails,” and the verb entrañarse suggests a total, intimate union with a person. The Spanish mystics used this term to describe union with Christ. Thus fray Luis de León: “Nomb. de Crist. en el del Hijo. Entonces entra en nuestra alma su mismo espíritu, que entrando se entraña en ella y produce en ella luego su gracia.”

  26. Soliloquies, 17:3–5, CW 1:462–63.

  27. V D, 2:5, CW 2:343.

  28. Life, 36:29, CW 1:321–22.

  29. Life, 38:1, CW 1:329–30.

  23. CONSTITUTING TIME

  1. The Constitutions: 1567.

  2. The Way of Perfection: 1566–1567.

  3. The Book of Her Foundations: 1568–1582.

  4. Ignatius Loyola: 1491–1556.

  5. Michel de Montaigne: 1533–1592.

  6. Way, 1:2, CW 2:41.

  7. Life, 35:2, CW 1:303.

  8. Const., 1, CW 3:319.

  9. Const., 3, CW 3:319.

  10. Const., 15, CW 3:323.

  11. Const., 10, CW 3:321–22.

  12. Const., 11–14, CW 3:322–23.

  13. Way, 9:2, CW 2:74.

  14. Way, 4:7, CW 2:55.

  15. Const., 28, CW 3:328.

  16. Way, 7:4, CW 2:67.

  17. Const., 26, CW 3:327.

  18. Const., 26–7, CW 3:327–28.

  19. Const., 8, CW 3:321.

  20. Const., 22, CW 3:326.

  21. Way, 4:4, CW 2:54.

  22. Way, 6:1–7, CW 2:62–64.

  23. Way, 4:2, CW 2:53.

  24. Way, 24:4, CW 2:129.

  25. Ibid.

  26. Way, 24:5–6, CW 2:130.

  27. Way, 24:2, CW 2:129.

  28. Way, 31:10, CW 2:157.

  29. Way, 36:9, CW 2:181.

  30. Life, 25:3, CW 1:214.

  31. Way, 31:10, CW 2:157.

  32. Way, 19:2, CW 2:107.

  33. Way, 19:3–4, CW 2:108.

  34. Ibid.

  35. Way, 12:1, CW 2:81–82.

  36. Way, 11:5, CW 2:81.

  37. Life, 25:14, CW 1:220.

  38. Life, 25:10, CW 1:217.

  39. Letters 124 and 155, CL 1:333, 154.

  40. VI D, 4:4–5, CW 2:380.

  41. Life, 25:15, CW 1:220.

  42. Life, 25:20, CW 1:222.

  43. Life, 39:17–18, CW 1:349–50.

  44. Critique, “Búscate en mí,” CW 3:359.

  45. Found., 1:1, CW 3:99.

  46. Monteverdi: 1567–1643.

  47. Petrarch: 1304–1374.

  48. Giulio Strozzi: 1583–ca. 1660.

  24. TUTTI A CAVALLO

  1. Miguel de Cervantes, Don Quixote (1885; Project Gutenberg), second part, chap. 4, trans. John Ormsby, www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/996/pg996.html. Release date July 27, 2004. Accessed November 11, 2012.

  2. Testimonies, 5, CW 1:386.

  3. Letter from Juan de Ávila, April 2, 1568; see Rosa Rossi, Thérèse d’Avila (Paris: Cerf, 1989), 76.

  4. Letter 8, to Luisa de la Cerda, May 27, 1568, CL 1:49.

  5. Letter 9, to Luisa de la Cerda, June 9, 1568, CL 1:52.

  6. Letter 10, to Luisa de la Cerda, June 23, 1568, CL 1:53.

  7. Letter 14, to Luisa de la Cerda, November 2, 1568, CL 1:62.

  8. Letter 13, to Francisco de Salcedo, late September 1658, CL 1:60.

  9. Life, 37:5, CW 1:325.

  10. Life, 20:27, CW 1:183.

  11. Found., 18:1, CW 2:3:185–86.

  12. Testimonies, 12:4, CW 1:390.

  13. Letter 38, to Luisa de la Cerda, November 7, 1571, CL 1:110.

  14. Testimonies, 31, CW 1:402.

  15. Testimonies, 30, CW 1:401.

  16. Letter 219, to Gaspar de Salazar, December 7, 1577, CL 1:583.

  17. Life, 14:11, CW 1:138.

  18. Ibid.

  19. Life, 25:13, CW 1:219.

  20. V D, 3:10, CW 2:352.

  21. Ibid., 3:11.

  22. VI D, 2:6, CW 2:369.

  23. VI D, 2:4, CW 2:368.

  24. VI D, 2
:7, CW 2:369.

  25. VI D, 6:6, CW 2:393.

  26. Ibid.

  27. VI D, 6:9, CW II 395.

  28. VI D, 6:8, CW 2:394.

  29. VI D, 6:10–11, CW 2:395–96.

  30. VI D, 6:10, CW 2:395.

  31. Ibid.; see also the reference to “algarabía” in Life, 14:8, CW 1:137: “It is more difficult to speak about these things than to speak Arabic.”

  32. Testimonies, 33, CW 1:404.

  33. Testimonies, 36:1–2, CW 1:405–6.

  34. Testimonies, 36:3, CW 1:406.

  35. Dante, The Divine Comedy, trans. Henry W. Longfellow, Paradiso, canto 33 (London: Capella, 2006), 381.

  36. Way, 19:9–10, CW 2:111–12.

  37. Letter 88, to María Bautista, August 28, 1575, CL 1:221 et seq.

  38. Letter 105, to María Bautista, April 29, 1576, CL 1:268.

  39. Letter 104, to María Bautista, February 19, 1576, CL 1:263–64.

  40. Letter 106, to Ambrosio Mariano, May 9, 1576, CL 1:272–75.

  41. Visitation, 2, CW 3:337.

  42. Visitation, 3, CW 3:337.

  43. Visitation, 1, CW 3:337.

  44. Critique, CW 3:359.

  45. Letter 219, to Gaspar de Salazar, December 7, 1577, CL 1:582.

  46. Letter 218, to King Philip II, December 4, 1577, CL 1:580.

  47. Letter 226, to Teutonio de Braganza, January 16, 1578, CL 2:15.

  48. Letter 247, to Jerome Gratian, May 22, 1578, CL 2:75.

  49. Letter 258, to Jerome Gratian, August 19, 1578, CL 2:103.

  50. See Rossi, Thérèse d’Avila, 168, concerning the attacks on Baltasar Alvarez.

  51. Letter 228, to Juan Suárez, February 10, 1578, CL 2:21–22.

  52. Letter 261, to Jerome Gratian, end of August 1578, CL 2:108.

  53. Letter 283, to Hernando de Pantoja, and Letter 284, to the Discalced Carmelite nuns, both January 31, 1579, CL 2:153–60.

  54. Cf. Joseph Pérez, Thérèse d’Avila (Paris: Fayard, 2007), 283, letter to Teresa of Avila from the “Great Angel.”

  55. Letter 408, to Jerome Gratian, September 17, 1581, CL 2:457.

  56. Letter 410, to Jerome Gratian, October 26, 1581, CL 2:464.

  57. Letter 426, to Jerome Gratian, early December, 1581, CL 2:500.

  58. Letter 465, to Jerome Gratian, September 1, 1582, CL 2:582.

  25. THE MYSTIC AND THE JESTER

  1. Miguel de Cervantes, Don Quixote (1885; Project Gutenberg), first part, chap. 1, trans. John Ormsby, www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/996/pg996.html. Release date July 27, 2004. Accessed November 11, 2012.

  2. Dominique Barbier, Don Quichottisme et psychiatrie (Toulouse: Privat, 1987).