The Seeds of Fiction
Page 42
Greene, Francis, 175
Greene, Graham, passim (see also works below)
Brighton Rock, 303
A Burnt-Out Case, 16, 70, 83, 96–7, 280
The Captain and the Enemy, 278, 283, 289–90
Carving a Statue, 96
The Comedians, 16, 23, 25, 26, 27, 35–6, 93, 102–13, 114–37, 163, 254, 298, 301–4
Doctor Fisher of Geneva or The Bomb Party, 215, 220
The End of the Affair, 15, 84, 215
Getting to Know the General, 168, 172, 178, 196, 216, 252, 256, 260, 262, 270–4, 281
The Heart of the Matter, 84
The Honorary Consul, 161, 163, 173, 218
The Human Factor, 183, 185, 217, 254–5
J’accuse: The Dark Side of Nice, 258–9
The Living Room, 116
The Man Within, 107
Monsignor Quixote, 213, 259, 281
Our Man in Havana, 27, 95, 226, 229, 231, 265–6
The Potting Shed, 194
The Power and the Glory, 24, 50, 67, 70, 87, 303
The Quiet American, 30, 70, 102, 161, 186, 231, 293–4
In Search of a Character, 97
Travels with My Aunt, 162, 202
The Virtue of Disloyalty, 230
On the Way Back, 235, 253–6, 271–2
Ways of Escape, 234, 255
For Whom the Bell Chimes, 196, 208
A World of My Own, 290–1
Greene, Richard, Graham Greene:
A Life in Letters, 109
Greene, William, 94
Greig, Geordie, 174
Grenada, 11
de la Guardia, Ernesto, 228
Guardian, 142, 277
Guatemala, 187, 238
Guevara, Ernesto ‘Che’, 155, 173
Guinness, Alec, 95, 119, 127–8, 132
Blessings in Disguise, 119–20, 129
Guzmán, Antonio, 193
Haig, Alexander, General, 226
Haiti Sun, 15, 21, 55, 85, 89, 91
Harari, Mike, 227
Hart, Gary, 270
Hável, Vaclav, 297
Heiskell, Andréw, 164
Hemingway, Ernest, 11, 215
Herard, Antoine, 28
Hickey, Robert, 32, 35
Hicks, Albert C., Blood in the Streets:
The Life and Rule of Trujillo, 59–60, 97–8
Hitler, Adolph, 177
Ho Chi Minh, 220
Holden, David, 229
Holden, William, 99
Honduras, 200, 238, 243, 263
Howarth, David, Panama, 173
Hudicourt, Jean-Pierre, 37
Huerta, Alberto, 304
Hughson, Pat, 80–3
The Human Factor (film), 255
Illich, Ivan, Reverend, 112
Independent, 299
Israel, 218
Izméry, Antoine, 37
Jagger, Bianca, 268
James, Henry
The Great Good Place, 103
The Lost Childhood, 232
Jefferson, Thomas, 157–8
John Paul II, Pope, 209, 268
John XXIII, Pope, 67, 73, 110
Johnson, Lyndon B., 16, 99, 101, 133, 193
Jolicoeur, Aubelin, 23, 27–8, 87, 115, 118, 119
Jones, Dany, 32, 35
Jones, James, From Here to Eternity, 26
Jones, James Earl, 119
Jordan, Hamilton, 212
Judd, Alan, 12
Jumelle, Clément, 48, 109
Kant, Immanuel, 106
Karloff, Boris, 190
Kempe, Frederick, Divorcing the Dictator: America’s Bungled Affair with Noriega, 284
Kennedy, John F., 39, 49, 53, 157–8, 231
Kersten, Levant, 32, 35
Khrushchev, Nikita, 231
King, Martin Luther, Jr, 146
Kissinger, Henry, 160, 164, 178
Knox, Clinton, 139
Kollek, Teddy, 245
Korda, Sir Alexander, 280–1
Korda, Michael, 281
Kovacs, Ernie, 95
Lachapelle, Hector, Lieutenant, 98
Lafontant, Gérard, 40, 42, 144
Lafontant, Roger, 260
Lakas, Demetrio B. ‘Jimmy’, 155
Landsdale, Edward G., Colonel, 293
Lazard, Luckner, 93
Le Men, Albert, 277
Lherisson, Camille, 106–7
Life, 22, 112, 214–15
Ligonde, François Wolf, Monsignor, 117
Lincoln, Abraham, 157–8
Luce, Henry, 55
Luther, Martin, 106
Madame Max, 49
Madox Ford, Ford, 291
Magloire, Paul, 33, 64, 85, 86, 87
Magloire, Yola, 86
Magsaysay, Ramon, 293
Mankiewicz, Joseph L., 294
Maritain, Jacques, 106–7
Márquez, Gabriel García, 159, 188–90, 204, 207, 217, 243–4, 249–50, 252, 265
One Hundred Years of Solitude, 197
Martínez, José Jesús ‘Chuchu’, Sergeant, 170, 174, 177, 179–87, 191, 194–8, 203–4, 207, 214, 215, 219, 225, 232, 233, 237, 240, 243, 247, 250–2, 254–6, 259–60, 262–4, 267, 269, 271, 278, 281, 282, 284, 285, 286, 295–7, 299
El Caso Dios, 180
La Guerra del Banano, 180, 194
La Perrera, 180
Martínez Cartas, María Estela ‘Isabel’, 177
Martínez Rivas, Carlos, 285
Marx, Karl, 106, 236
Massillon, Yves, 122, 123, 124
Le Matin, 144, 283
Maugham, Somerset, 278
de la Maza, Antonio, 60
McAuliffe, Dennis, Lieutenant-General, 193
McCarran-Walters Act 1952, 90
McGill University, Montreal, 106
McKay, Claude, 292
McSwigan, Jim, Reverend, 70, 73–4
Médicin, Jacques, 257
Cuisine niçoise, 259
Méndez Arceo, Sergio, Bishop of Cuernavaca, 235
Menéndez, Mario, 221–2
Mengele, Josef, 190
Mewshaw, Michael, 16
Mexico, 160
MGM (Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer), 116, 121, 126, 131–2, 134, 136
Miami Herald, 98, 132, 218, 247
Mitterand, François, 248
Mondale, Walter, 212, 270
Le Monde, 142
Monroe, Marilyn, 26
Montas, Lucien, 121–2
Moore, Henry, 288
Morgan, Henry, 169, 202
Mosolino, Gloria, 26
Moss, Ambler, 249
Moss, Robert, 236
Murillo, Rosario, 208, 243, 285
Mussolini, Benito, 177
Namphy, Henry, General, 147
Narayan, R.K., 276
Nassard, Ludovic ‘Dodo’, 62
Le National, 85
NATO, 40
Nelson, Horatio, Lord, 15
Neruda, Pablo, 160
New York Review of Books, 182–3, 184
New York Times, 15, 22, 30, 41, 52, 258–9, 271–3, 290, 299
New Yorker, 210
Newbolt, Henry, 205
Newsweek, 193, 273, 294
Niblock, Patrick, 23
Nicaragua, 11, 16, 180, 181, 198–201, 203, 211, 212, 214, 218, 224, 232–46, 260, 263–4, 268, 271, 274, 278, 283, 284
Nixon, Richard M., 193
Noriega, Manuel Antonio, 159, 169, 219, 225, 227, 248, 251, 261, 270, 281–3, 284, 286–7, 295–6, 297, 299
Le Nouveau Monde, 114, 136
Le Nouvelliste, 23, 121
El Nuevo Diario, 237
OAS (Organization of American States), 42, 45, 69, 189
Obando y Bravo, Miguel, 268
Ocalagan, Domingo, Major, 249
Ocampo, Victoria, 160
O’Leary, Jeremiah, 144, 145
Omarr, Sydney, 218–19
Ortega, Daniel, 16, 199, 200, 208, 235, 243, 268, 282–3, 285, 287–8
Ortega, Humberto, 235
Our Man in
Havana (film), 126
L’Ouverture, Toussaint, 15
Ovando, Nicolas, 61
Pahlavi, Farah, 212
Pahlavi, Mohammad Reza, Shah of Iran, 212–13
Palés Matos, Luis, 292
Panama, 11, 145, 153–63, 166, 168, 179, 182, 188–90, 191, 211, 213, 225, 238, 281
El Panamá América, 228–9
Panorama, 114–15, 143–4
Paraguay, 163, 243
Paredes, Rubén Darío, Colonel, 238, 251, 261–2
Paris Match, 209
Pasquet, Alix, 32–5, 46
Pastora, Edén, 206, 251
Payne, Arthur, 32–4, 35
Pean, Sean, Lieutenant, 144
People Magazine, 259
Péralte, Charlemagne, 63
Pérez, Carlos Andrés, 252
Perón, Juan, 50, 177
Perpignan, Henri, 32–3, 35
Peru, 165
Peters, Dewitt, 92, 94
Le Petit Samedi Soir, 134
Philby, Harold ‘Kim’, 123, 226, 229–30, 231, 254–5, 279, 294
My Silent War, 230
Philippe-Auguste, Salnave, 22, 92
Phillips, Gene D., 128
Philogenes, Blucher, Captain, 58
Pinchinat, Max, 93, 119
Piñeiro Losada, Manuel, Major, 226–7
Pinochet, Augusto, General, 180, 190
Pissar, Samuel, 134
Playboy, 162, 179, 182–3
Poirier, François, Monsignor, 50
Pomares Ordoñez, Germán ‘El Danto’, 199–201
Portocarrero, René, 265
Preminger, Otto, 255
La Prensa, 239, 241, 243
Price, George, 207–8, 218, 251, 297
Princeton University, 292
Pryce-Jones, Alan, 185
Puerto Rico, 188
The Quiet American (film), 294
Ramirez, Sergio, 262, 285
Reagan, Ronald, 11, 220, 242, 243, 250, 260, 262, 263, 270, 277, 278, 284
Reed, J.D., 270
Reid Cabral, Donald, 39–40, 41–2, 44–6, 98
Reilly, Thomas F., Bishop, 65
Reinhardt, Max, 258
Reynolds, Quentin, 59
Riding, Alan, 271–3, 290
Rigaud, Pierre L., 39, 40, 43
Riobé, Hector, 36–8, 46, 111
Rivera, Jules, Latin America: A Sociocultural Interpretation, 247
Robespierre, Maximilien de, 28
Rogers, Will, 176–7
Romain, Franck, 24
Romain, Jean-Claude ‘Puma’, 100
Romero, Carlos Humberto, General, 212
Romero y Galdámez, Óscar Arnulfo, 244, 281
Romulus, Willy, Bishop of Jeremie, 268
Rond-Point, 67
Roosevelt, Franklyn D., 173, 232–3
Roosevelt, Theodore, 153, 165, 242
Royo, Aristides, 261
Saint, Eva Marie, 26
Salomon, Georges, 146
Sandino, Augusto César, 236
Sardi, Vincent, 25
Saunders, Amanda, 234, 300
Scali, John, 161
Scott, Ted, 90, 229
Seitz, Al, 25, 27
Seminario Universidad, 299
Shakespeare, William, 58
Sherry, Norman, 174–5, 288–9
Silvera, Albert, 25, 85–6
Simon, André, 62
Simon Sam, Tirésias, 25
Smith, Reece, 225, 229, 231
Soglo, Christophe, General, 117, 119, 130
Somoza, Anastasio, Tacho II, 180, 190, 198, 200, 201, 205–7, 208, 210, 211, 213, 245, 289–90
Somoza, Anastasio García, Tacho I, 232–3, 236
Sorbonne, 180
South Africa, 218, 244
Spadafora, Hugo, Dr, 251, 281
The Spy Who Came In From the Cold (film), 127
St Aude, Tony, 140
St Jacques, Raymond, 119
Stevenson, Robert Louis, 94
Stewart, Bill, 241
Stroessner, Alfredo, 185, 189–90
Sunday Telegraph, 28, 107, 125, 182–3
Sunday Times, 174
Supplice, André, 84–5
The Tablet, 267, 277
Tack, Antonio, 161
Taylor, Elizabeth, 16, 119, 126, 127, 132
Taylor, John Russell, 128
Thatcher, Margaret, 218
Theroux, Paul, 12
The Third Man, 298
Thomas, Pierre, Captain, 54
Thomas Didymus, Saint, 71, 149
Ti-Bobo, 49
Ti-Cabiche, 49
Time Magazine, 11, 16, 22, 55, 76, 86, 96, 99, 112, 120, 123, 127, 141, 145, 154, 160, 164, 172, 178, 181, 182, 185, 188, 191, 199, 207, 208–9, 214–15, 219, 223, 226, 257–8, 263, 267, 270, 279, 283
The Times, 128, 135, 142, 143, 147, 218, 236, 259, 277, 293
Torres, Camilo, Father, 173
Torrijos, Carmen Alicia, 219, 241, 248, 262–3
Torrijos, Omar, General, 16, 153–63, 164, 165, 166, 168, 172, 177, 179, 180, 182–3, 184–5, 186–7, 188, 189, 190, 191–2, 194–8, 202–3, 208, 212–13, 214, 216, 217, 219, 220, 222, 227, 232, 238, 247–56, 261–2, 269, 270–1, 272, 276, 278, 285, 295–6
Trujillo, Rafael, 29, 46, 47, 52, 59, 60, 63, 64, 65, 71, 72, 76, 79, 80, 98, 120, 193, 232, 233
Truman, Harry, 126
Twain, Mark, 85
Twenty-Four Hours (BBC TV), 125
Uchitelle, Louis, 99
UN General Assembly, 133
UN Security Council, 41, 69, 164
University of Panama, 180
University of Puerto Rico, 292
US Information Office, 39–40
US Virgin Islands, 25
Ustinov, Peter, 119, 127
Vaisse, Sauveur, 134
Vallarino, Bolívar, 158
Vance, Cyrus, 193
Velarde, Fabian, 164, 166, 169, 179, 181
Venezuela, 159, 211, 221–2
Vietnam, 11, 101, 160, 209, 277, 293
Vincent, Clément, 124
Walker, Joseph D.J., 33, 35
Walker, William, 241
Walsh, Maurice, 285
Walston, Catherine, 15, 25, 26, 90–4, 174, 175
Washington, George, 203
Washington Post, 263, 271–2, 290
Washington Star, 144, 205
Waugh, Evelyn, 174, 175, 215
Wessin y Wessin, Elias, General, 39, 44, 98
Whicker, Alan, 126
Wordsworth, William, 103, 162
Yorkshire Television, 126
Young, Andréw, 145, 147, 193
Zoa, Jean, Archbishop of Yaoundé, 67
Zola, Emile, J’accuse, 258
Haiti’s English-language newspaper, the Haiti Sun (2 December 1956), owned by Bernard Diederich, reports Graham Greene’s second visit to the country (far right-hand column)
Graham with Catherine Walston during their 1956 visit to Haiti. The couple visited the village of Carrefour where some of Haiti’s top artists had set up La Galerie Brochette; both were captivated by the work on show.
The American newspaperman Larry Allen of the Associated Press who was the model for the character of Granger in Graham’s novel The Quiet American
Roger Coster, proprietor of the Grand Hotel Oloffson, Port-au-Prince, Haiti, in welcoming mode; Graham stayed here in 1956, then again in 1963, by which time Coster (and most of the guests) had left.
François ‘Papa Doc’ Duvalier on his election day, 22 September 1957; he was inaugurated as president for a six-year term a month later.
Graham talking to French newsman Max Clou at the house of former Dominican dictator Rafael Trujillo near San Cristóbal, Dominican Republic, following his 1963 trip to Papa Doc’s terrifying Haiti
The first group of Haitian anti-Duvalier rebels training with antiquated weapons in the Dominican Republic in May 1963 for an incursion into Haiti that never happened
Above, left and right: A public execution ordered by Papa Doc in
1964 of two members of the Jeune Haiti resistance movement; Graham worked this into The Comedians.
Bernard Diederich (with camera) talking to combatants on the Constitutional side in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, during the civil war of 1965
The Haitian Revolutionary Armed Forces, known as the Kamoken, in Haiti’s pine forest
Fr Jean-Claude Bajeux, a Haitian priest of the Holy Ghost Order, celebrating Mass for Haitian exiles in the Dominican countryside
Kamoken leader Fred Baptiste (centre with hat) and his guerrillas sheltered in a small ‘chalet’ in Santo Domingo
In the centre of Hispaniola, divided between the Spanish-speaking Dominican Republic and Creole-speaking Haiti, were a few miles of highway called the International Road. Here, during the border trip in 1965, Graham tempted fate and insisted on taking a walk into Haiti where he was then considered an enemy of Papa Doc’s regime.
Above: Fr Jean-Claude Bajeux at the border; not long before, his family had been seized by Papa Doc and ‘disappeared’.
Left: Fred Baptiste in 1965, around the time Bernard Diederich took Graham to meet the Kamoken at their base in an old asylum for the insane at Nigua, Dominican Republic
Graham and Fr Jean-Claude Bajeux during the 1965 trip in the company of Dominican soldiers at the Rio Dajabón, which forms part of the border between Haiti and the Dominican Republic; it is commonly known as the Massacre River as it has been the scene of a number of atrocities, most recently in 1937 when Dominican soldiers killed some 20,000 Haitians, many on the banks of the river.
The Hotel Brisas Massacre de Mariav de Rodriguez, named after the events of 1937, in the border town of Restauración
Graham and Fr Jean-Claude Bajeux (left) on the bridge over the Massacre River at Dajabón, from which Graham photographed Haiti from the relative safety of no man’s land (below).
Bernard Diederich changing a tyre on his Volkswagen after returning to Santo Domingo following the border trip
Graham Greene Démasqué, Papa Doc’s case against Graham following publication of The Comedians; the 92-page pamphlet included such denunciations of its subject as ‘a liar, a cretin, a stool pigeon’.
The poster advertising the film adaptation of the 1967 film of The Comedians (left); the film was finally shown in Haiti in 1986 (above), nineteen years after its original release.
Left and below: General Omar Torrijos, the Panamanian leader, in his element among his people in the countryside
Above: Graham and Torrijos getting to know one another on Contadora Island, Panama, 1976, the day they met
Above: Graham and Torrijos getting to know one another on Contadora Island, Panama, 1976, the day they met