consequences of
economic leakage from
grassroots activism against
persistence of
Reagan administration and
scholarship on
land reclamation, following strip mining
land use
Laslett, Peter
Latinos
lawyers, local, and political corruption
Lees College
legal aid services
Leibig, Anne
Leslie County (Ky.)
Letcher County (Ky.)
Levin, Melvin
Lewis, John L. See also United Mine Workers of America
Lewis, Oscar
Lexington (Ky.)
Lexington (Ky.) Garden Club
Lexington Herald-Leader
liberation theology
life expectancy
Lincoln, Evelyn
Lippmann, Walter
literacy
littering
Lloyd, Alice
Lloyd, B.
loans, venture capital
Logan County (W.Va.)
logging industry
agricultural impact of
clear-cutting practices of
decline of
environmental costs of
impact of WWII mobilization on
mountaintop removal and
outside ownership of
PARC report and
political corruption and
sustainability in
London (Ky.)
longwall machines
Look magazine
Louisville Courier-Journal
Love, George H.
low-wage employment
dependence/powerlessness reinforced by
manufacturing recruitment and
persistence of
in service economy
urbanization and
women and
Luebke, B. H.
lung cancer
Lutherans
MacDonald, Dwight
Madison County (Ky.)
Madison County (N.C.)
Madison County (N.C.) Opportunity Corporation
Maggard, Sally
manpower programs
manufacturing
Appalachian recruitment of
decline of
offshoring of
post-WWII growth of
Marshall Plan
Marshall University
Mars Hill College
Martin County (Ky.)
Maryland
Maryland Department of Economic Development
Massey Energy
maternal death rates
McClellan, John
McDermott, Ed
McDowell County (W.Va.)
McGeorge, Levi
McKee (Ky.)
McSurely, Alan
McSurely, Margaret
Medicaid
medical helicopters
Medicare
Mennonites
Methodists
middle class
Appalachian movement and
Appalachian out-migration and
Appalachian poverty and
AVs and
environmental efforts of
Great Society aimed at
Great Society opposed by
income inequality and
institutions of, in Appalachia
in mountain county seats
in post-WWII economy
values, War on Poverty and acculturation to
Middlesboro (Ky.)
Middlesboro (Ky.) Tanning Company
Mid-South Electronics
migration. See out-migration
Miller, Arnold Ray
mill towns
mineral rights
mineral taxes
Miners for Democracy (MFD)
Miners, Millhands, and Mountaineers (Eller)
Mine Safety and Health Administration
Mingo County (W.Va.)
mining. See coal industry; mountaintop removal mining; strip mining
mining camps
missionary antipoverty programs
mission churches
Mississippi Delta Commission
Missouri, Appalachian out-migration to
Mitchell, George
Moore, Arch
Morehead State University
motels
Mountain Life and Work (CSM magazine)
mountain middle class
mountain professional class
mountaintop removal mining
emergence of
environmental costs of
grassroots activism against
land development promised by
legal loophole allowing
regulation of
social costs of
Moynihan, Daniel Patrick
mudslides
Mulloy, Joe
Mulloy, Karen
multinational energy conglomerates, Appalachian land owned by
National Bituminous Coal Wage Agreement (1950)
National Coalition Against Strip Mining
National Conference of Mayors (1965)
National Conference on Strip Mining (Middlesboro, Ky.; 1972)
National Council of Churches
National Endowment for the Arts
National Endowment for the Humanities
national forests, establishment of
National Health Services Corps
National Independent Coal Operators’ Association
National Public Radio
National Rural Health Initiative
National Youth Administration
natural gas, as coal competition
Neighborhood Youth Corps
neo-Appalachians
New Deal See also specific program
New Frontier
Newman, Monroe
New Opportunity School for Women
New Republic
New River Bridge
New River Gorge project
New Yorker
New York Times
Nicholas County (W.Va.)
Night Comes to the Cumberlands (Caudill)
Nixon, Richard M.
nonprofit organizations, venture capital loans offered by
North Carolina
ARA benefits lacking in
CAAs in
college antipoverty programs in
CSM petition for interstate commission
farm population decline in
grassroots activism in
housing quality in
manufacturing recruitment in
out-migration from
poverty in
small business development in
state-initiated development efforts in
WWII industrial mobilization in
North Carolina Fund
Northern Coal Operators’ Association
nuclear dump sites
Nunn, Louis
nutrition, PARC proposals for
Oak Ridge (Tenn.), uranium enrichment plant at
obesity
Ogle, Milton
Ohio
added to ARDA jurisdiction
Appalachian out-migration to
ARA benefits lacking in
grassroots activism in
Ohio River, bridge collapse over (1967)
Ohio University
Ohio Valley Environmental Coalition
oil
as coal competition
foreign, U.S. dependence on
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
Other America, The (Harrington)
outdoor recreation
out-migration
Appalachian history of
causes of
consequences of, in Appalachia
discrimination faced during
kinship ties and
low-wage economy and
post-WWII
as poverty solution
press coverage of
urban adjustment during
urban destinations
during WWII
Owsley County (Ky.)
OxyContin
Paducah (Ky.), uranium enrichment plant at
Paintsville (Ky.)
PARC. See President’s Appalachian Regional Commission
Parkersburg (W.Va.)
pasture improvement
patronage jobs
Patton, Paul
PCBs
Peabody Energy
Peace Corps
Pennington, Ray
Pennsylvania
People’s Appalachian Research Collective
Perkins, Carl
Perroux, François
Perry, Huey
Perry County (Ky.)
pesticide contamination
Peterson, Bill
Phantis Corporation
Pigeon Forge (Tenn.)
Pigeon River
Pike County (Ky.)
Pikeville (Ky.)
Pikeville College (Pikeville, Ky.)
Pittsburgh (Pa.)
Pittston Coal Company
Pizzano, Winifred
political corruption
AVs and
as barrier to structural change
CAAs and
coal industry and
grassroots activism against
OEO funds and
persistence of
volunteer radicalization and
pollution
Poor Bottom (Ky.)
Potter, David
Pound (Va.), floods in
poverty
academic studies of
Appalachian out-migration and
ARC and
causes of, consensus lacking on
child
corporate greed and
culture of poverty theory
“growth center” strategy and
health disparities and
national misunderstanding of
1960s American view of
patterns of
persistence of
political corruption and
post-WWII affluence vs.
press coverage of
Reagan budget cuts and
reductions in
structural inequities and See also antipoverty programs; War on Poverty; War on Poverty, in Appalachia
power plants, coal-fired
Presbyterians
prescription drug culture
President’s Appalachian Regional Commission (PARC)
academic consultants to
ARDA and
establishment of
Johnson and
lobbying efforts
program recommendations for
proposals made by
report of
working teams organized in
President’s Commission on Coal
President’s Committee on Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Crime
Prestonsburg (Ky.)
Program 60 and
progress, vs. change
Progressive magazine
public services
inadequacy of
patronage jobs in
tourism and demand on
public transportation, lack of
Puritan Coal Company
Quakers
Quicksand Demonstration Center,
railroads
Raleigh County (W.Va.)
ARA benefits in
CAAs in
grassroots activism in
population growth in
transportation corridors and
Randolph, Jennings
Rasmussen, Donald
Ratliff, Thomas
Ray, Jink
Reagan, Ronald
real estate brokers, and political corruption
recession (1981–1982)
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
recycling
red-baiting
Reece, Erik
Reed, B. F.
regional development
regional organizations
religion-based activist organizations
Resettlement Administration
retail chains
Reuther, Walter
Rhodes, James
Richmond (Ky.)
riots
roads. See highways
Robinson, Craig
Rockcastle County (Ky.) Economic Opportunity Council
Rockcastle Development Association
Rockefeller, Jay
Rogers, Hal
Rogers, Woodrow
Roosevelt, Franklin D.
Roosevelt, Franklin D., Jr.
row cropping
Rumsfeld, Donald
rural communities
building of
“growth center” strategy and
manufacturing recruitment for
public services relocated out of
rural community centers
Rural Community College Initiative
rural displacement
Appalachian development at cost of
education and
“growth center” strategy and
post-WWII economy and
urbanization and
during WWII
rural empowerment zone (EZ) program
Russell, Donald
Sanders, Carl E.
Sanford, Terry
Saturday Review
Save Our Cumberland Mountains
Save Our Homeplace campaign (1988)
Save Our Kentucky (SOK)
SCEF. See Southern Conference Education Fund
school consolidation
school lunch programs
Schrag, Peter
Schultze, Charles
Schumacher, E. F.
Schwarzweller, Harry
Scott, Hugh
Scott, Robert W.
Scranton (Pa.)
Scranton, William
second-home development
segregationism
service economy
settlement schools
sewage facilities
shopping malls
Shriver, Sargent
Sierra Club
Silver Bridge collapse (1967)
small business development
Smathers, Michael
Smith, Al
Smith, Carroll
smoking
social sciences, post-WWII reorganization of
Social Security
Social Security Administration
soil erosion
South Carolina
Southern Appalachian Forest Coalition
Southern Appalachian Region, The (survey)
Southern Bituminous Coal Operators’ Association
Southern Conference Education Fund (SCEF)
Southern Mountain Project
Southern Regional Education Board
Spadaro, Jack
steel industry
strikes
strip mining
absentee land ownership and
AVs and
“broad form” deeds and
environmental costs of
expansion of
grassroots activism against
lobbying efforts against
regulation of
site sabotage
social costs of
TVA cheap-power policy and See also mountaintop removal mining
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
student service-learning projects
Stumbo, Grady
Sturgill, Bill
suburbanization
summer children’s camps
summer reading programs
Sunshine Valley Farms
superhighways
Supplemental Security Income
supply-side economics
surface mining. See strip mining
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (1977)
environmentalist opposition to
feat
ures of
mountaintop removal as legal loophole in
passage of
surface rights
Sweeney, John L.
ARDA revised by
on Council of Appalachian Governors
on growth center strategy
as PARC executive director
Task Force on Area Redevelopment
Tawes, Millard
taxes
absentee land ownership and
coal industry and
coal severance
cuts
fair
inadequacy of
manufacturing recruitment and
Tennessee
ARA benefits in
AV program in
CSM petition for interstate commission
farm population decline in
grassroots activism in
grassroots organizations in
mineral rights in
missionary antipoverty programs in
out-migration from
poverty in
unemployment in
WWII industrial mobilization in
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
autonomous power of
cheap power policy of
establishment of
land condemnation and
as southern mountain authority model
WWII industrial mobilization and
Texas, Appalachian out-migration to
textile industry
Appalachian out-migrants employed in
brown lung disease in
decline of
offshoring of
This Land Is Home to Me (Catholic Bishops of Appalachia)
Tiller, John
timber culture
timber development
tobacco
tourism
toxic landfills
Toynbee, Arnold
traffic congestion
transportation
commuting and
“growth center” strategy and
health care and
local/state roads and
post-WWII improvements in
Program 60 and
public
WPA improvements in See also Appalachian Development Highway System; highways
trash dumps, illegal
truck mines
Trumka, Richard
Tucker, George
Turner, Ervine
Turner, Marie
Tyner (Ky.)
underdevelopment
Underwood, Cecil
unemployment
ARA and
balanced growth and
coal industry decline and
corporate exploitation as cause of
decreases in
limited manufacturing growth and
persistence of
Program 60 and
Reagan budget cuts and
strip mining and
unemployment benefits
Union College
union reform
United Glove
United Mine Workers of America (UMWA)
corruption of
decline of
democratization of
grassroots activism against
Health and Retirement Funds
Miners Memorial hospitals of
political influence of
strikes initiated by
wage agreement signed by (1950)
United States Bureau of Public Roads
United States Bureau of the Budget
United States Commerce Department
United States Congress
anti–strip mining legislation and
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