In My Time

by Dick Cheney

  356 appearing in only three: Thomas Joscelyn, “Gitmo Is Not al Qaeda’s ‘Number One Recruitment Tool,’” Weekly Standard, December 27, 2010, http://www.weeklystandard.com/blogs/gitmo-not-al-qaedas-number-one-recruitment-tool_524997.html.

  357–58 Abu Zubaydah capture and interrogation: George W. Bush, Address to the Nation, September 6, 2006; Michael V. Hayden, Classified Statement for the Record before the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, April 12, 2007 (since declassified); George Tenet, At the Center of the Storm: My Years at the CIA (New York: HarperCollins, 2007), pp. 145–47 and 241–43.

  359 building on the West Coast: Central Intelligence Agency, “Khalid Shaykh Muhammad: Preeminent Source On Al-Qa’ida,” July 13, 2004, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/nation/documents/Khalid_Shayhk_Muhammad.pdf.

  360 “lives of innocent people”: Marc A. Thiessen, Courting Disaster: How the CIA Kept America Safe and How Barack Obama Is Inviting the Next Attack (Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing), pp. 159–60. For Thorsness Medal of Honor citation, see http://www.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=2195.

  360 “the right thing”: Thiessen, Courting Disaster, pp. 158 and 162. For Day Medal of Honor citation, see http://militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=1075.

  360 what they were learning: Hayden, Statement for the Record, April 12, 2007.

  362 endanger our CIA operatives: Evan Thomas, “Why Is This Spy Smiling?” Newsweek, May 16, 2009.

  364 derailed by Desert Storm: International Atomic Energy Agency, The Implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolutions Relating to Iraq, August 12, 1996.

  365 “reestablish Iraq’s WMD programs”: Director of Central Intelligence, National In–telligence Estimate, “Prospects for Iraq: Saddam and Beyond,” December 1993, p. vii, http://www.foia.cia.gov/docs/DOC_0001188931/DOC_0001188931.pdf.

  365 “its nuclear weapons program”: quoted in Charles S. Robb and Laurence H. Silberman, The Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction, Report to the President of the United States, March 31, 2005, part 1, p. 54, http://www.gpoaccess.gov/wmd/pdf/full_wmd_report.pdf.

  365 after their return: Charles Duelfer, Comprehensive Report of the Special Advisor to the DCI on Iraq’s WMD, vol. 1, Regime Strategic Intent, Realizing Saddam’s Veiled WMD Intent, September 30, 2004, https://www.cia.gov/library/reports/general-reports-1/iraq_wmd_2004/chap1.html#sect7.

  366 for WMD development: Duelfer, Comprehensive Report, vol. 1, Regime Strategic Intent, Key Findings, September 30, 2004, https://www.cia.gov/library/reports/general-reports-1/iraq_wmd_2004/chap1.html#sect1.

  366 his biological weapons program: Statement by Director of Central Intelligence George J. Tenet on the 2002 National Intelligence Estimate on Iraq’s Continuing Programs for Weapons of Mass Destruction, August 11, 2003, https://www.cia.gov/news-information/press-releases-statements/press-release-archive-2003/pr08112003.htm.

  367 “the Persian Gulf region”: quoted in Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Report on the U.S. Intelligence Community’s Prewar Intelligence Assessments on Iraq, July 7, 2004, p. 144, http://www.intelligence.senate.gov/108301.pdf.

  367 nuclear or nonnuclear use: Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Report on Whether Public Statements Regarding Iraq by U.S. Government Officials Were Substantiated by Intelligence Information, June 5, 2008, pp. 6–7, http://intelligence.senate.gov/080605/phase2a.pdf.

  367 President George H. W. Bush: Central Intelligence Agency, “Iraq: Baghdad Attempts to Assassinate Former President Bush,” July 12, 1993, http://www.foia.cia.gov/docs/DOC_0000756378/DOC_0000756378.pdf.

  367 participated in terrorist attacks: Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Report on Prewar Intelligence, July 7, 2004, pp. 315–16.

  368 “absent U.S. military action”: Letter from George Tenet to Bob Graham, October 7, 2002, Congressional Record, October 9, 2002, p. S10154.

  368 Development officer, in Jordan: George Tenet, Hearing before the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, February 11, 2003, p. 78, http://intelligence.senate.gov/108161.pdf; Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Report on Prewar Intelligence, pp. 337 and 353; Tenet, Center of the Storm, pp. 350–54.

  368 Tenet would later write: Tenet, Center of the Storm, p. 370; See also Robb-Silberman Report, p. 14.

  384 than had been suspected: Robb-Silberman Report, pp. 267–70.

  385 one million dying: Tara O’Toole, Mair Michael, and Thomas V. Inglesby, “Shining Light on ‘Dark Winter,’” Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol. 34, issue 7, April 1, 2002, pp. 972–83, http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/34/7/972.full#sec-2.

  392 “several months to a year”: National Intelligence Council, National Intelligence Estimate, “Iraq’s Continuing Programs for Weapons of Mass Destruction,” October 2002, http://www.dni.gov/nic/special_keyjudgements.html. The assistant secretary of state for intelligence and research had an alternative view, judging that while Saddam was “pursuing at least a limited effort to maintain and acquire nuclear weapons-related capabilities,” he did not have “an integrated and comprehensive approach,” which made it impossible to predict when he could acquire a nuclear weapon.

  394 “an obvious falsehood”: “Britain: Iraq Statement an ‘Obvious Falsehood,’” Associated Press, December 18, 2002.

  394 within the past few years: Hans Blix, An Update on Inspection, January 27, 2003, http://www.un.org/Depts/unmovic/Bx27.htm.

  404 speech was “well-founded”: Committee of Privy Counsellors, Review of Intelligence on Weapons of Mass Destruction, July 14, 2004, pp. 123–25, http://news.bbc.co.uk/nol/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/14_07_04_butler.pdf.

  405 chief among them: Tenet, Center of the Storm, p. 469.

  406 wanted to buy yellowcake: Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Report on Prewar Intelligence, pp. 43–46.

  406 “a flat-out lie”: Spencer Ackerman and John B. Judis, “The First Casualty,” New Republic, June 30, 2003.

  406 State of the Union speech: web chat sponsored by Kerry campaign, October 29, 2003, quoted at http://www.factcheck.org/article222.html.

  407 “unsubstantiated, and misleading”: Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Report on Prewar Intelligence, p. 445.

  407 four separate times: Michael J. Sniffen, “Journalists Say CIA Agent’s ID Was Offered Freely,” Associated Press, February 13, 2007; For Bob Woodward recording of Armitage interview, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FoPG1PVic10.

  407 on October 1, 2003: David Johnston, “Leak Revelation Leaves Questions,” New York Times, September 2, 2006.

  409 accuracy of their recall: For the issue of memory in the Libby trial, see Stan Crock, “‘Fair Game’ Glamorizes Distortions and Perpetuates Myths,” World Affairs, September/October 2010, http://www.worldaffairsjournal.org/articles/2010-SeptOct/full-Crock-SO-2010.html.

  412 “declare to the UN”: Central Intelligence Agency, Statement by David Kay on the Interim Progress Report on the Activities of the Iraq Survey Group, October 2, 2003, https://www.cia.gov/news-information/speeches-testimony/2003/david_kay_10022003.html.

  412 “before the war”: Interview with David Kay, Weekend Edition, National Public Radio, January 25, 2004.

  412 “after sanctions were removed”: Duelfer, Comprehensive Report, vol. 1, Regime Strategic Intent, Key Findings, September 30, 2004, https://www.cia.gov/library/reports/general-reports-1/iraq_wmd_2004/chap1.html#sect1.

  412 chemical weapons within months: Duelfer, Comprehensive Report, vol. 1, Regime Strategic Intent, Realizing Saddam’s Veiled WMD Intent, September 30, 2004, https://www.cia.gov/library/reports/general-reports-1/iraq_wmd_2004/chap1.html#sect7. For knowledge base and dual use, see key findings for chemical, biological, nuclear in vols. 2 and 3.

  414 “making conventional bombs”: Letter from George Tenet to Bob Graham, October 7, 2002, Congressional Record, October 9, 2002, p. S10154.

  415 “indistinguishable” from each other
: Tenet, Hearing before the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, p. 78, http://intelligence.senate.gov/108161.pdf.

  421 the Department of Defense: Donald Rumsfeld, Known and Unknown: A Memoir (New York: Sentinel, 2011), p. 552.

  427 “bringing us this day”: Stephen F. Hayes, “Present at the Creation: With Dick Cheney at the Inauguration of Afghanistan’s First Elected President,” Weekly Standard, December 20, 2004.

  466–68 Information and quotations about the al-Kibar nuclear reactor and Syrian-North Korean cooperation: “Background Briefing with Senior U.S. Officials on Syria’s Covert Nuclear Reactor and North Korea’s Involvement,” April 24, 2008, http://www.dni.gov/interviews/20080424_interview.pdf.

  473 metal structure over it: Ibid.

  474 “serious and sincere”: Mike Chinoy, Meltdown: The Inside Story of the North Korean Nuclear Crisis (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2008), p. 318.

  477 military option was under way: Demetri Sevastopulo, Daniel Dombey, and Andrew Ward, “US Strike on Iran ‘Not Being Prepared,’” Financial Times, November 12, 2007.

  478 dramatic opening statement: Director of National Intelligence, National Intelligence Estimate, “Iran: Nuclear Intentions and Capabilities,” November 2007, http://www.dni.gov/press_releases/20071203_release.pdf.

  479 to do over again: See Mark Mazzetti, “Intelligence Chief Says Al Qaeda Improves Ability to Strike in U.S.,” New York Times, February 6, 2008, and Michael McConnell, Annual Threat Assessment Hearing of the Senate Armed Services Committee, February 27, 2008.

  483 traces of highly enriched uranium: Glenn Kessler, “Uranium Traces Found on N. Korean Tubes,” Washington Post, December 21, 2007.

  484 traces of highly enriched uranium: Glenn Kessler, “New Data Found on North Korea’s Nuclear Capacity,” Washington Post, June 21, 2008.

  489 “his North Korean counterparts”: Glenn Kessler, “N. Korea Doesn’t Agree to Written Nuclear Pact; Earlier Assurances Contradicted, U.S. Says,” Washington Post, December 12, 2008.

  496–97 Descriptions and quotations regarding Specialist Monica Brown’s Silver Star: http://ourmilitaryheroes.defense.gov/profiles/brownm.html.

  501 left them with no plan: Richard B. Cheney, Speech to the Center for Security Policy, October 21, 2009, http://www.centerforsecuritypolicy.org/p18209.xml?genre_id=1004.

  503 whatever losses they produced: “Dissenting Statement of Commissioner Keith Hennessey, Commissioner Douglas Holtz-Eakin, and Vice Chairman Bill Thomas,” The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report, January 2011, pp. 411–39, http://www.gpoaccess.gov/fcic/fcic.pdf.

  510 approximately $20 billion: Robert J. Samuelson, “Why TARP Has Been a Success Story,” Newsweek, March 28, 2011.

  514 Putin seemed to long for them: Richard B. Cheney, Remarks at the 2006 Vilnius Conference, May 4, 2006, http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/05/20060504–1.html.

  514 make them members of NATO: Richard B. Cheney, Remarks at the Ambrosetti Forum, September 6, 2008, http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2008/09/20080906–1.html.

  523 in writing this book: Central Intelligence Agency, “Khalid Shaykh Muhammad: Preeminent Source on Al-Qa’ida,” July 13, 2004, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/nation/documents/Khalid_Shayhk_Muhammad.pdf; Central Intelligence Agency, “Detainee Reporting Pivotal for the War Against Al-Qa’ida,” June 3, 2005, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/nation/documents/Detainee_Reporting.pdf.

  INDEX

  A-10s, 216, 219, 223

  A-12s, 236–37

  Abbas, Abu, 367

  Abbot, Steve, 319

  Abdullah, Crown Prince, 397

  and deployment of U.S. troops to Persian Gulf, 190, 377

  Israeli-Palestinian crisis and, 375, 377–78

  Abdullah II, King of Jordan, 374–75

  Abdulmutallab, Umar Farouk, 362

  Abizaid, John, 435–36

  Abkhazia, 513

  Abscam scandal, 133–34

  Abu Ghraib prison, 420–22

  AC-130s, 177, 243, 345

  Achille Lauro, 367

  Across the Wide Missouri (De Voto), 22

  Adams, John, 271, 494

  Adams, Tim, 273

  Addington, David, 9, 162, 175, 244, 255, 290, 306, 338, 495, 497, 530–31

  on leadership succession and survival planning, 320–22

  Terrorist Surveillance Program and, 348–51

  Afghanistan, 363, 418–21, 443, 452–53, 470, 496–502, 511–12

  free elections in, 426–27

  liberation of, 346–47

  9/11 and, 332, 334, 337, 343, 347, 367–68, 497

  Pakistan and, 346, 480, 498–500, 502

  reconstruction in, 370, 372, 427, 499

  Soviet Union and, 142, 201, 346–47, 427, 496

  U.S. withdrawal from, 501–2

  violence in, 497–98 see also Enduring Freedom, Operation

  Agreed Framework, 493

  Agriculture Department, U.S., 20, 94, 167

  Ahern, Kara, 530

  Air Force, U.S., 31–32, 89, 162, 177, 185, 195–97, 199, 229

  Cheney’s Defense Department tenure and, 163–64

  and deployment of troops to Persian Gulf, 191–92, 196

  Desert Storm and, 196, 211, 214, 219, 227

  Goldwater-Nichols and, 170–71

  Alfred E. Smith Memorial Foundation, 342–43

  Alito, Samuel, 324, 515

  al-Kibar nuclear reactor, 466–69, 471–72, 476, 484, 491–92

  Allbaugh, Joe, 252–55, 267

  Allegretti, Cristina, 531

  Allen, Thad, 431–32

  Alliance for American Leadership, 243–44

  al Qaeda, 329–30, 399, 447

  Afghanistan and, 332, 334, 340, 344, 347, 353–55, 368, 384, 418–19, 497–98, 500–501

  capture, imprisonment, interrogation, and killing of, 341, 353–59, 419, 434, 497, 500–501, 521, 523–24

  Iraq and, 344, 368, 377, 392–93, 414–15, 434–36, 450, 455, 458, 463–64

  9/11 and, 9–10, 349

  Pakistan and, 418–19, 498, 500, 523

  WMD sought by, 344–45, 368, 374, 384, 414

  Ambrosetti Forum, 514

  American Enterprise Institute (AEI), 129, 241, 257, 441, 483, 522, 530–31

  American Flight 77, 5–6

  American International Group (AIG), 505

  American Political Science Association (APSA), 38–39, 42–43, 48

  Andrews Air Force Base, 5–6, 54, 65, 107–8, 189, 193–94, 271

  Bush’s departure from, 519–20

  Andropov, Yuri, 515

  Angleton, James Jesus, 142–43

  Anies, Gus, 531

  anthrax, 341, 345, 384–85, 394

  Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) treaty, 324–26

  Apache helicopters, 211, 222, 228

  Aquino, Corazon, 173–74

  Arab League, 54, 192–93, 373

  Arafat, Yasser, 373, 377–81, 384

  Arens, Moshe:

  Desert Storm and, 207, 210–11, 214–16

  and Iraqi threat to Israel, 182–83, 211, 214–16

  Arlington National Cemetery, 226–27, 271

  Armitage, Rich, 252, 381–82, 387, 407

  arms control, 156, 202, 233–34, 324–26, 388, 491

  arms procurement, 156, 162, 165–66, 236–37

  Armstrong, Anne, 91, 101, 248–50

  Armstrong, Tobin, 250

  Army, U.S., 13, 55, 126, 161, 169, 172, 200, 217–19, 411, 439–41, 497

  Brown & Root’s contract with, 254–55

  and deployment of troops to Persian Gulf, 204–6

  Desert Storm and, 218–19, 221–22, 224, 227, 440, 449

  Field Manual of, 359, 361–62

  Goldwater-Nichols and, 170–71

  Iraqi Freedom and, 379, 440, 450, 453–54

  Ashcroft, John, 322, 343, 407

  military commissions and, 357

  Terrorist Surveillance Program and, 350–51

  Askariya
Mosque, 434, 436

  Assad, Bashar, 398, 437, 472, 480

  Atta, Mohammed, 415–16

  Atwood, Don, 159, 162, 197, 211, 229

  Auschwitz-Birkenau death camps, 427–29

  Austin, Tex., 263

  Bush’s presidential campaigns and, 252, 257, 266, 273–74, 284, 287

  2000 election results and, 288–89, 292–93

  Aziz, Tariq, 182, 205, 208, 220, 412

  Baghdad, 225, 411, 442, 452

  Desert Storm and, 200, 211–12, 215, 226, 280

  Iraqi Freedom and, 399–400, 432, 437, 450, 455–57

  terrorists in, 368, 414

  violence in, 438–39, 450

  Bagley, Bill, 123

  Bahrain, 194–95, 378

  Baker, Howard, 101–2, 140, 517

  Baker, James A., III, 174, 179, 232, 238, 409–10, 446–47, 462–63, 468

  Cheney’s Defense Department nomination and, 154–55

  and deployment of U.S. troops to Persian Gulf, 194, 204–5

  Desert Storm and, 204–5, 208, 210, 218, 220, 228

  Ford’s presidential campaign and, 96, 154

  and Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, 137, 205

  Iraqi negotiations of, 205, 208, 218

  2000 election results and, 288, 290, 294–95, 297

  Bandar, Prince, 396–97

  and deployment of U.S. troops to Persian Gulf, 186–87, 190–91

  Barak, Ehud, 182–83, 381

  Baran, Jan, 255–56, 264–65

  Barbour, Haley, 431

  Barnett, Bob, 531

  Barnicle, Mike, 424

  Bartlett, Dan, 353, 448, 460

  Barton, Joe, 508

  base force concept, 184, 234–35

  Bates, Bob, 48

  Bear Stearns, 503–4

  Beirut, 143, 149–50, 377, 419

  Berlin Wall, 155, 179–80, 184, 236

  Bernanke, Ben, 503–7, 510

  Bessmertnykh, Alexander, 218

  Biden, Joe, 307, 366, 511, 515–17

  Big Sky, The (Guthrie), 22

  bin al Shibh, Ramzi, 358

  bin Laden, Osama, 334, 393, 414–15, 419, 500

  locating and killing of, 341, 363, 523–24

  terrorists led by, 330, 341, 347, 357

  bin Zayed, Khalifa, 195, 376–77

  bin Zayed, Mohammed, 376–77

  biofuels, 316

  biological weapons, 318–19, 341–43, 411, 419