Gibraltar

  Elliot, John 121, 135

  Elliott, Roger 49, 396

  Elsegood, Private (56th) 236

  Engineer Lane 58, 75

  engineers (Royal Engineers) 11, 13–14, 15, 20, 28, 30–1, 49, 51, 63, 93–4, 243, 261, 274, 344; Spanish/French 239, 274; see also d’Arçon, Evelegh (John), Green (William), Holloway, Phipps, Skinner, Watson (Justly)

  English Channel 33–4, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42–3, 98, 203, 304

  Enterprise (Enterprize) 23–4, 135–6, 146, 166; Captain Leslie 151; frigate 22, 135; Minorca 210–11; sailed to England 213, 219; Thomas Rich 23

  espionage see spies

  Estepona, Spain 16, 350

  Europa/Europa Point 15, 16, 76, 137, 143, 145, 208, 311, 352, 363, 372; batteries 72, 145, 165; Europa Advance (battery) 72; Marine Brigade 305; temporary shelters 205, 216, 305

  Eustace, Private (58th) 61

  Evelegh: Ann 93, 112; Henry 93–4; John (engineers) 93–4, 112, 398; John (72nd) 83

  Exeter, Devon 93

  Fagg, George 77–8, 79, 134

  Falmouth, Cornwall 37, 38

  Fancourt, Bulleine (56th) 149

  Faro, Portugal 3, 158, 290, 347

  Farrell, Patrick (58th) 89, 94

  Farrington’s see batteries

  fascines 28, 32, 129, 162, 167, 170, 213, 227, 238, 247, 248, 298–9, 309, 310

  fascine park 85, 238

  fencibles 35–6

  Fenix (Phoenix) 103, 108, 109

  Ferdinand II of Aragon 5–6

  Ferdinand IV of Castile 5

  feu de joie 262–3, 266, 288–9, 370

  Fife, Scotland 22

  firelocks see muskets

  fires (conflagrations): barricades 313; destroyed buildings in town 192, 194, 204, 207–8, 212–13; burning grass 149, 292; eastern approach 298–9; floating batteries 328, 330–1, 333, 334–7, 341–2, 349; gunpowder barrels 296; huts 90, 162; Mahon battery 309; palisades 162; Peace and Plenty 73; Santa Catalina 266; Santo Domingo exploded 102, 105; siegeworks 270; in the sortie 248–50, 252, 253–5, 257; Spanish laboratory 222–3; water engines (fire engines) 194, 329, 368, 380; see also carcasses, fireships, red-hot shot

  fireships 136–9, 140, 184, 187, 222

  firewood see fuel

  fireworks 370, 379

  First World War 386

  fish 22, 48, 67, 69, 93, 229, 237, 371; salt 127, 159

  fishermen/fishing 2, 12, 86, 93

  fishing boats 86, 116, 164

  flags of truce/parleys 83–4, 162, 296, 339, 345, 359, 360, 364–5

  Flewter, Andrew 376

  flints see muskets

  floating batteries (battering ships, junk ships) 140, 281, 287, 290–2, 307, 311, 340, 341, 344, 345, 347, 349, 351, 353, 356, 359, 361, 362, 369, 372; armament 321; attack 317–29; casualties 338–9; construction 275, 291–2; converted ships 275, 278, 282; d’Arcon’s plan 273–6, 278–9, 291, 319, 327, 376–7; destruction of 330–43, 353; feast of St Louis 299; first trial 294–5; on medals 386, 387; preparations for attack 307–8, 312–16, 318; priests 337, 340; red-hot shot 280, 319, 324–8, 331, 339

  flogging see punishments

  flour 25, 159, 205, 288; cargo 106, 165–6, 171, 175; hair powder 25; personal store 120; price of 92, 174; shortage of 82–3, 92, 182; see also bakers, bread

  flux (fever) 83, 127, 268, 279; see also typhus

  Folkestone, Kent 77

  Fontenoy, Battle of 49

  food see bread, butter, cheese, dinners, fish, fruit, meat, poultry, rations, vegetables

  Forbes (Lower Forbes) 162, 180, 244, 250, 277, 313, 367

  Fort Negro, Spain 32, 47, 48

  Fort St Barbara, Spain 17, 245, 251, 287, 374; bombardment 18, 90, 236; Childers 23; Peace and Plenty 71–4; reconnaissance 162; reconstruction 32, 47–8; and Spanish Lines 17, 251

  Fort St Philip (St Philip’s Castle), Minorca 8, 229, 258–9, 260, 263–6

  Fort St Philip, Spain 48, 299, 374; bombardment 18, 47, 86, 89, 91, 228; reconstruction 32; in sortie 250–1, 255; and Spanish Lines 17

  Fort Tunara, Spain 344

  Fortune 135, 210, 211

  Fox, Charles James 356–7

  Franklin, Benjamin 198

  Freire, Don Vicente Vasquez (artillery) 251, 260, 405

  fruit/fruit trees 14, 48, 127, 156, 229, 258, 279, 298; see also lemons, oranges

  fuel 28, 80–1, 82, 111, 159, 182, 216, 280, 325; coal 80, 82, 91, 111, 166, 203, 206, 280, 325, 346, 367, 371; firewood/wood 72, 80, 82, 86, 92, 138, 159, 275, 280, 367, 371

  Fuller, Trayton 111

  Fullingford, John (56th) 180

  funerals see burials

  furniture 49, 142, 192, 193, 205, 206, 207, 217, 225

  fuses see shells

  gabions 28, 227

  galleys (row galleys) 24, 71, 76, 80, 96, 142, 145–6, 176

  gangrene 233

  gardens/gardeners 12, 13, 14, 48, 71, 117–18, 163–4, 238, 258, 297, 362, 374; market 17, 22, 71, 83, 86, 135, 162, 163, 164, 177, 178, 244, 250, 345

  garlic (poultice) 134

  Garrison Library 47, 374, 388, 389

  Geary, Francis (navy) 185

  General Court Martial see courts-martial

  Genoese: fishermen 93; inhabitants 12, 71, 193, 198, 201, 282–3, 312; ruled Corsica 289; in working parties 18–19, 27; see also Roman Catholic

  George II xxvi, 49, 50

  George III xxvi, 97, 240, 289, 300–1, 305, 369, 387; birthday celebrations 2, 224, 280; Eliott 50, 379–80, 385–6; Hanover 115; and Royal Navy 43–4, 186, 208–9

  German regiments see regiments (Hanoverian)

  Gibraltar 135

  Gibson, Lieutenant (navy) 170

  Gledstanes: Elizabeth 157–8, 159; George (72nd) 157, 158

  goats 87, 297

  Godwin, John (artillery) 51, 151

  Gordon, Walter (73rd) 288–9, 339, 340, 361, 399; on Boyd 322; on conditions in Gibraltar 117, 175, 258; on fire-fighting 194, 329; on floating batteries 333–4; on Moonlight Battle 105; on peace 365; on shells 59; on sortie 241–2, 244–5

  Gosport, Hampshire xxiv, 34, 301, 303

  gout 22, 368

  Governor’s: Look-out 116; Meadow 90, 163; Parade 91; Street 91

  Grand Battery see batteries

  Grand Parade (John Mackintosh Square) 18, 57, 152, 153, 173, 204, 213, 215, 243, 244

  Grantham, Lord 35, 354

  grapeshot 72–3, 83, 146, 163, 165, 276

  Grasse, François Joseph, comte de (navy) 185, 240, 288

  Green, Charlotte 14, 124, 128, 131–2, 222, 226

  Green, Miriam (Mrs Green) 15, 87–8, 117, 129, 145, 172, 190; on artillery experiments 169–70; attitudes to Spaniards 14, 31, 119, 129, 142; on bombardments 164, 167; on bombproofs 148, 221–2, 223; on Boyd 125, 126, 152; children 14, 118, 128, 131–2, 225–6; criticism of Duff/navy 23, 47, 79–80, 107, 121, 145, 146, 184; death 289; on deserters 61, 158, 168, 179; diary/journal 30, 79, 118, 123–4, 223; on duel 151; on Eliott 50; on Dixon (Betty) 132, 133–4; on fireships 137, 141; on first shots 55, 91–2, 110; on funeral party fired at 90; on gunboats 211, 222, 223; illness 123–4, 159–60, 222, 225; on inoculation 96, 112, 128, 133, 145; on lack of supplies/bad food/high prices 25, 107, 127, 145, 147, 159, 166, 171, 173; on Langara 108; letters 118, 172; life 13–14, 289, 388; on Logie 25, 147; on Mawhood 150–1; on Mrs Gledstanes 157–8, 159; on punishments 89, 181–2; on street paving removed 57; on Peace and Plenty 74; on Prince William 117–18; on privateers 23; returned to England 223, 225–6; on Ross (Charles) 124–5, 126, 149, 152–3, 173; on secret dispatches 170; on smallpox 74, 93, 94, 112, 127–8, 131–2, 133–4, 144–5; on storms 168–9; on telescopes 31, 142; The Mount 14, 49, 141, 221, 388; on Rodney’s convoy 106–7, 110, 112; on William Green 13, 52, 160; on Young Sabine 165–
6

  Green, William (engineers) 13, 91, 134, 169, 226, 277, 357; American Club 319; bereavement 289; bombproof 148; career 13, 376; court-martial of Ross 152; and Duc de Crillon 367; and Eliott 50, 51–2, 277, 285; family 13–14; on floating batteries 314, 320–1, 326; fortifications of Gibraltar 15, 274, 320; health 117, 134; Holloway 30–1; on Howe’s convoy 315; at Mawhood’s funeral 151; The Mount 14, 57, 361, 388; official residence 75; Soldier-Artificer Company 94

  Green Island (Isla Verde), Spain 25

  Green’s Lodge see batteries

  grenades 243

  Grumley, John (artillery) 28–9

  Guadaranque river 86, 161, 344

  Guillasa, Bartholome 86

  gunboats 140–2, 144, 164, 167, 172, 210, 220, 224, 236, 239, 285–6, 294, 313, 351; attacks on camps 216, 221, 223, 230–1; attack New Mole 164, 166; and black-out 167; and Darby’s convoy 187, 199, 203; Darby’s warning 208; daytime battle 363–4; description 141, 165; Dolphin captured 145; in floating battery attack 278, 291, 295, 307–8, 314, 327–8, 341; hospital targeted 221, 231, 361; in hurricane 347; King’s Bastion targeted 232; of Royal Navy 266, 270, 278–9, 280, 288, 334–6, 344, 360, 361; St Michael attacked 359–60, 361; try to destroy Panther 140–1; see also mortar boats, prames

  gunfire (morning/evening) 51–2, 121

  gunpowder (powder) 3, 136, 322, 361; barrels 53, 73, 269, 296; brought by ordnance vessels 266, 286; cartridges 29–30, 54, 103, 281, 325, 340; from Howe’s convoy 351; manufacture 53; in mining 278, 287, 358; Minorca 263; for mortars 60; for muskets 29–30, 198; from Rodney’s convoy 116, 192; shells 58, 59, 60, 213, 231; smell 54, 197; Spanish 53; thrown overboard 334; see also magazines, shells (manufacture)

  guns see cannons

  the Gut 15, 76, 105, 176, 187; see also Strait of Gibraltar

  hair 25, 89

  Halliday, William 82

  Hamilton, Henry (56th) 195, 217, 221

  Hamilton, Mr (merchant) 146

  Hamilton, Mrs 91–2, 146

  Hammerton, Edward (12th) 270

  hanging see punishments

  Hanover, Germany 115

  Hanoverian see regiments

  Hardy, Charles (navy) 38–9, 40, 41, 42–3, 44–5, 46, 96, 97, 185

  Hardy, Josiah 35

  Hardy’s Town 213, 214, 294; see also Black Town

  Harlech Castle, Wales 3–4

  Hartley, Caleb (artillery) 286

  Hassan, Abraham (58th) 294; Hannah 294, 406

  hats xix–xx, 67, 115, 310–11; bonnets 98

  Havana, Cuba 50, 379

  Heathfield, Lord see Eliott

  Heathfield, Sussex 379, 382–3

  Heighington, Captain 262

  Henry 260

  Hercules 4–5

  Heriot, John 248–9, 250, 251–2, 255, 257

  Holland/Netherlands 6, 7, 49, 68, 160, 295, 361

  Holloway, Charles (engineers) 24, 30, 32, 60, 65, 71–2, 395

  Hood, Samuel 113–14

  Hope 218, 219

  Horn, Elizabeth (‘Betty’) xxii, 373; John (navy) xxii, 394

  Hornsby, George (56th) 180

  Horsbrugh, James (39th) 23, 24, 83–4, 172, 259, 273; on artillery experiments 56, 178; on bombardments 56, 86–7, 190–1, 204, 205, 224–5, 228; on Boyd 20, 245; career 19–20; on Darby’s convoy 211; on deserters 61, 67, 130, 138, 177, 238; diary/journal 23; on Eliott 21–2, 50–1, 116, 245; family 19–20, 21, 395; on floating batteries 275; on food 171; on fuel 86; on gunboats 140–1, 166, 167, 224; on Hanoverian troops 179–80; on marauding soldiers 196; on Langara 120; on miners 281; on mules 83–4, 135, 167; on Palerano 406; on Prince William 115–16; on Rock Gun 63–4; on Rodney’s convoy 110; on Ross (Charles) 152; on sodomy 270; on sortie 243, 245, 249–50, 253–4; on Spanish camp 113, 225; on Spanish casualties 57, 251; on Spanish preparations 48, 130, 134–5, 167, 237–8, 278; Spanish-speaking 108; on temporary shelters 57; on tunnelling 281; on vegetable raids 163; on water 126; on weather 83, 90, 149, 244

  Horsbrugh, Margaret (‘Peggy’) 19–20, 21, 50, 395

  horses 16, 25–6, 37, 52, 55–6, 57, 84, 90, 134, 154, 227, 367, 383

  hospitals 63, 91, 95, 117, 127, 154, 156, 202, 259, 264–5, 306–7, 324; see also naval hospital

  Houdan-Deslandes, François-Silvain-Denis 313; authorship 406; bombardment 298–9, 309, 311, 345; career 292, 377; Comte d’Artois 292–3, 306–7; on Curtis 339; death 377; Duc de Bourbon 306–7; on floating batteries 307–8, 312, 314, 315–16, 318, 320, 321, 322, 326, 328, 330, 332, 333, 334, 338, 341–2; French and Spanish forces 293–4, 295, 296, 298, 349; on Howe’s convoy 349; on hurricane 347; religious service 306–7

  Howe, Richard (navy) 176, 300, 345–6

  Howe’s convoy xvii, 300–1, 304, 315, 345–54, 354, 355; see also Royal George

  howitzers 52, 53, 169, 324, 328

  hunting/shooting 2, 143

  huts 48, 90, 154, 162, 205, 213, 214, 217, 225, 279, 347

  Hyaena 114, 166, 170

  ice 296, 298

  illness see disease

  Ince, Henry (artificer) 277–8, 281, 284, 285, 287, 359, 368

  influenza/colds 94, 121, 284, 292, 306

  Ingram, James (navy) xviii–xx, xxi–xxii, 394

  injuries 72, 170, 306, 363; bursting guns 166; caused by shells 59, 68, 197, 201, 205, 213, 217, 221, 223, 224–5, 230–5, 238, 269, 281–2, 360, 361; deserters wounded 84; fireships 138; first civilian 91–2, 146, 195; in floating battery attack 324, 326, 338–9, 350; in flood 170; by gunboats 216–17; by gunpowder explosion 296; in hospital 202, 231; Langara 108, 115; maimed veterans 384; in red-hot shot trial 281, 309–10; by shot 236, 268–9, 359; in sortie 242, 245, 248–9, 251–2, 256

  inoculation see smallpox

  insanity 61

  the inundation 13, 17, 22, 67, 90, 163, 244, 277

  invasion of Britain 32, 33–46, 47, 135, 228, 272–3, 348

  Inverness, Scotland 36

  Ireland 50, 68, 89, 199, 376; see also Belfast, Cork, Dublin

  Irish Town 57, 58, 62, 74, 116, 180, 197, 219

  Irving, John (73rd) 363

  Isabella of Castile 5–6

  Isle of Wight xvii, 34, 98; see also Spithead

  Israel, Abraham 87, 199–200, 207, 212–13, 217; Moses 199, 207

  isthmus (neutral zone) 230, 249, 290, 335, 344, 360–1; advance works/siegeworks 18, 161–3, 164, 166, 167, 169, 189, 232, 237–9, 242, 245–55, 257, 260–1, 270, 274, 278, 280, 292, 293–4, 295–6, 308–10, 341, 344, 356; airfield 15; description 17, 374; deserters 144; duel fought 151; expected ground assault 329; flags of truce 162; location 15; neutral territory 17; Peace and Plenty ran ashore 72; in Peninsular War 375; rubbish 162; sand drifts 169; sand dunes levelled 18–19, 27; targeted by guns 261, 358; used for quarantine 26, 74; see also Bayside, Devil’s Tower, Forbes, gardens (market), inundation, St Carlos battery, sortie, Spanish Lines

  Jackson, Thomas (artificer) 358–9

  James, Thomas (artillery) 17, 62, 80, 92, 95

  Jews/Jewish 11, 12, 13, 57; assaulted 181; books 200; burial ground 92; hospital 95; joined army 294; killed 217; left Gibraltar 207, 213, 219, 265; and meat 175; merchants 75, 76, 87, 182, 198–200, 207, 217; and Morocco 75; numbers 75, 214; occupations 75, 76, 294; Portsmouth xix, xxiii, xxiv; and smallpox 74–5, 94; and Spain 6, 27, 75; synagogues 27, 75, 111, 213; in working parties 18–19, 27, 169; see also Hardy’s town

  journals/diaries 10, 14, 30–1, 47, 55, 78, 80, 118, 123–4, 395, 402; see also Boyd’s journal

  Juanico, Antonio 267

  junk ships see floating batteries

  Kellett, William (39th) 124, 125, 151

  Kelly, Samuel xxv

  Kempenfelt, Richard (navy) xxi, 300, 301, 303

  Ker, John (navy) 303

  King’s Bastion 166, 205, 232, 235, 320, 321
, 363; Boyd 320, 383; floating batteries 322, 323, 324, 332; Mrs Upton 193–5; red-hot shot 281; stolen goods hidden 220

  King’s Chapel 14, 62, 92, 151, 235, 377

  King’s Lines 232, 261, 284–5, 311

  Kite 185

  Koehler, George Frederick (artillery) 261–2, 276, 382

  laboratories 32, 54, 222–3, 231, 286

  ladders 221, 245, 302, 345, 358

  Landmann, George Thomas 149, 379–80, 381–2

  Landport (Landport Gate) 16, 83, 91, 163, 190, 223, 284, 313–14, 345; deserters 67, 177; entrance/exit to town 16, 26–7; guard 67, 73, 269, 314; sortie 244–5, 250, 253

  Land’s End, Cornwall 41

  Langara, Don Juan de (navy) 102, 109, 119, 120, 377; and French 114; Moonlight Battle 102–5, 108; and Mrs Green 108, 119; Phoenix/Fenix 103, 108; and Prince William 116; on prisoner exchange 114; and Rodney 102, 108; wounded 108, 115

  languages 11, 12, 34, 49, 82, 138, 220; Gaelic 99

  Lark xviii, 302, 372

  Latona 348, 353