Gibraltar

laundry 81

  League of Armed Neutrality 160

  Leeward Islands 96, 288

  Leghorn (Livorno), Italy 199, 258, 265, 279, 288

  lemons 34, 62, 113, 160–1, 262, 298

  Leningrad siege 4

  Leonetti, Antonio 289, 290

  Leslie, Patrick (navy) 138, 151, 160, 172

  Lexington, America 9

  lightballs (fireballs) 65–6, 73, 379–80

  lighting/lights 118; black-out 167; candles 166, 174, 233, 340; from fires 249, 250; lamps 62, 370, 380; lanthorns/lanterns 83, 200, 233; moonlight 65, 110, 166, 167, 184; for working parties by night 32, 65; see also lightballs

  Lindsay, Colin (73rd) 315; on Curtis 335; expected assault 329; floating batteries 319, 323, 324, 325, 327, 328, 332, 333, 336; French and Spanish fleet 315, 327; on hatred of French and Spaniards 341; on officers 322; on priests 340; on survivors 331, 332, 335

  Lindsay, Martin Eccles (73rd) 253, 405

  Lines see King’s Lines, Prince’s Lines, Queen’s Lines, Spanish Lines

  Line Wall 16, 62, 86, 100, 169, 172, 313, 320–1, 331

  Lisbon, Portugal 7, 71, 119, 145, 158, 262, 355

  Little Bay 137

  Liverpool, England 171

  Lloyd, Vaughan (artillery) 51–2, 55

  Logie, Charles 3, 24–5, 105, 111, 147, 173

  London, England 35, 40, 75, 80, 97, 98, 153, 156, 165, 173, 181, 217, 218, 226, 265, 346, 376; Ancell 54–5; Benider 217; Cranfield 60, 260, 378; Creswell 81; Cumberland (George) xx; Eliott 18, 49, 251, 378, 379, 382–3; Green (Mrs) 289; Israel (Moses) 199, 207, 212; Koehler 261; Lloyd’s Coffee House xxv; Macdonald 378; Nelson 382; news sent to 35, 37, 40, 228, 240, 241, 251, 267, 313; Pepys 7; Rawlinson 378; Wheate 37; Upton (Catherine) 383–4

  long guns see cannons

  Louis XIV 7

  Louis XV 49, 292, 304

  Louis XVI 9, 45

  Lovell, William (navy) 372

  macaques see monkeys

  Macbride, John (navy) 101, 108

  Macdonald, John (73rd) 36, 116, 117; career 36; and Eliott 378, 379, 381; invasion fleet 38; piper 36, 99, 116; and regimental hospital 117, 126–7; Rodney’s convoy 99, 100, 101; teacher 36

  McDonald, Owen (97th) 362–3

  Mackay, George 191, 255, 378, 382

  Mackellar, Donald 145, 146

  Mackenzie, George (73rd) 36, 117, 151

  McLorg, Captain 165–6

  Maddin, William (12th) 279

  Madrid, Spain 3, 87, 130, 159, 296, 297, 323, 339, 342, 344; Cordoba 354; Crillon (duc) 296–7, 343–4, 377; Grantham 35; Langara 377; news from 120, 159, 354

  magazines 161, 224, 239, 247, 257, 261, 273, 285, 311; ammunition 257; destruction of 248, 249, 250, 255, 273, 281–2, 334; gunpowder in 28, 285

  Mahon see Port Mahon

  Mahon battery see batteries

  Main Guard 27, 118, 235

  Main Street 27, 57, 58, 116, 244, 368

  Majorca 142

  Maker, Cornwall 36, 37, 39, 98

  Malaga, Spain 3, 23, 351

  Malta siege 4

  Manchester, England 9, 81–2, 94; see also regiment (72nd)

  Mann, Thomas 289

  Marbella, Spain 16, 350

  Marie-Antoinette 4, 304

  Marine Brigade 305–6, 327, 334, 362

  market gardens see gardens

  marksmen 29, 163, 198

  Marlborough 37, 102

  Marsden, William 304

  Marseilles, France 228

  martial (military) law 12, 18, 95, 220; see also courts-martial

  Martin, Corporal (artillery) 258

  Martin, Philip (artillery) 310–11

  matches 54, 55, 138, 246

  Mawhood, Charles (72nd) 117, 125, 149–51, 152, 173, 400

  mayonnaise 8, 394

  meat 44, 68, 69, 92–3, 373; beef 1, 69, 72, 107, 127, 127, 159, 165–6, 171, 173, 175, 219, 297, 340, 370, 371; pork 1, 69, 107, 127, 159, 165–6, 171, 175, 297; salt/salted 1, 69, 83, 111, 157, 159, 164, 165–6, 175, 182, 205, 327; see also birds, cattle, pigs, poultry, sheep

  medals 385–7

  medicine see amputation, diseases, hospitals, surgeons

  Medina Sidonia, Duke of 6

  Mediterranean Sea 5, 6, 12, 15, 16, 17, 79, 96, 108, 175, 228, 348, 357, 384–5, 387

  Mendoza, Joaquin de 1, 2, 3, 83

  Mercier, John (39th) 58, 59, 235, 238

  Mercury 260, 262

  Messa, Francisco 62–3, 86, 91, 202, 257; bombardment of Gibraltar 187–8, 189–90; Catholic priest 62–3; College Lane (house) 191–2; fireships 137–8; and Prince William 116; Spanish church 62–3, 116, 187–8, 189–90, 191–2, 193, 204; tent 202, 204, 213; valuables 192–3, 200–1, 204

  Middle Hill 61, 63, 72; Guard 167

  Middleton: Robert Gambier (navy) 388; Susanna 388

  Midshipman’s Look-out see Rock Gun

  midwives 9, 95, 220, 398

  militia 9, 35–6, 37, 227, 239

  milk 157, 175

  Mill Battery see St Carlos Battery

  Minden, Battle of 19, 50

  Minerva 351

  mines/miners 37, 64, 143, 277–8, 281, 287, 306, 358–9, 368–9

  Minorca 10, 115, 116, 134, 142, 201, 213, 229, 289; and d’Arçon 272; Boyd 19, 126; Byng 19; Crillon (comte) 259; Crillon (duc) 228, 229, 259–60, 270, 274, 283, 308, 377; Curtis 176–7; disputed territory 8, 9, 171, 175–6, 387; French forces from 242, 266, 270, 274, 278, 283; George III 387; Houdan-Deslandes 192; Jews 265; Murray (governor) 259–60; siege 175, 176, 228, 229, 258, 262, 263, 266, 270, 387; supplies from England 96, 97, 99, 117, 120, 121, 229; supplies to Gibraltar 71, 148, 155, 160, 174, 175, 210–11, 289; see also Fort St Philip, Port Mahon

  Minorca 211

  minute guns 151, 269

  mirandas (towers) 61

  money/currency/cash 38, 159, 175, 196, 197, 199, 207, 216, 270, 297, 363; captured ships xxiii, 120; cobs 70, 92, 146, 180; dollars 69, 70, 93, 183, 286; doubloons 70; exchange rate 25–6, 69–70, 173, 174, 181; fund for Royal George victims xxv–xxvi; with Howe’s convoy 351; loans 75; merchants acquire wealth 201; officers repaid debts 181–2; pistoles 70, 345; quarts 70; reals (rials) 25, 69, 70, 92–3, 173, 174, 183; rewards given by Eliott 258, 286, 337; and Rodney 97; see also prize-money

  monkeys (Barbary macaques) 143–4, 387–8

  Montague’s see bastions

  Montefiore, Sarah 200

  Moonlight Battle 101–5, 107–9

  Moore, Samuel (56th) 67

  Moorish castle see castles

  Moreno, Buenaventura (navy) 211, 319, 320, 326, 330, 332

  Moreno, Juan 192, 200

  Morocco (Barbary) 5, 26, 76, 136, 147, 165, 176, 187, 262, 350; Logie (British consul) 24, 147; macaques 143–4, 387–8; pirates 148; supplies from 25, 71, 87, 112, 147, 198, 369; viewed from Gibraltar 16, 87, 149; visited from Gibraltar 2

  mortar batteries 32, 172, 187, 228, 237, 239, 291; construction of 32, 247, 260, 309, 344; destroyed 254; see also St Carlos

  mortar boats (bomb-boats) 208, 210, 221, 222, 223, 230–2, 307–8, 314, 327–8, 341, 344, 360; attacked St Michael 359–60; daytime attack 363–4; description 178; returned after first attack 224–5; trials 178

  mortars 131, 189, 199, 250, 254, 255; brass 32, 246, 247; construction 239, 247; firing 52–3, 58, 59–60; range 52; Rock mortar 178; as Spanish supplies 32 ; sea 225, 285; spiking 246; see also cannons, shells

  mosques 62, 369

  Moubray, Henry 145

  Mount Pleasant (The Mount) 14, 119; bombardment 141, 222, 361; bombproof 221–2; Green family home 14, 49, 57, 117–19, 141, 221–2, 361, 388; Middletons 388; Prince William 117–19; temporary shelters 57, 129; writing at 118–19

  Moutray, John (navy) 158

>   mules 25–6, 55–6, 83, 90–1, 135, 167, 178

  Murray, Dennis (39th) 312

  Murray, James 259–60

  music 257, 313, 370

  muskets (firelocks) 29–30, 244, 251, 279, 313; Brown Bess 29; drill 198; firing 29–30; flints 29, 30, 198, 243; lead balls 29–30, 84, 197, 198; marksmen 29; musket-shot (distance) 260; prepared cartridges 29–30; rate of fire 30

  Muslims 5, 6; see also Morocco, mosques

  Napoleon Bonaparte 290, 292, 385

  Nassau, Prince of 320, 326, 330, 331

  naval hospital, Gibraltar 13, 94–5, 137–8, 202, 219, 262, 281, 292, 350; appearance 95; Baynes 94; bombardment 221, 225, 230–4, 344, 361; Burke 235; Gibson 170; overcrowded 202, 205, 268; prisoners-of-war 109, 126, 252, 338; supplies for 160; surgery 231–4, 235–6, 256; temporary shelters 213; Upton (Mrs) 202, 205; von Helmstadt 256

  navy, French/Spanish 9, 11, 24, 33–5, 36–41, 42–5, 46, 76, 100, 101–5, 108, 121, 158, 176–7, 187, 203, 228–9, 240, 278, 288, 314–16, 327, 340–1, 343–4, 347–50; see also floating batteries, gunboats, mortar-boats, Royal Navy

  Nelson, Horatio (navy) 382, 388, 389

  neutral zone see isthmus

  Newcastle, England 80

  Newfoundland, Canada 13, 14, 22, 97, 127

  New Mole 16, 24, 76, 95, 96, 106, 132, 172, 184, 224–5, 274, 307, 320; booms 206, 288, 305; colliers scuttled 206; fireship attack 136–8; forges for heating shot 339; gunboats 164, 166, 288, 334, 336, 337, 363–4; gunfire from 145; landing of 73rd Regiment 116; unloading ships 110, 172, 187, 191, 203; von Helmstadt 256–7; water pollution 287–8; Young Sabine 165

  New Mole Parade 228

  newspapers 347; advertisements 155–6; on Eliott 381, 382–3; on floating batteries 292; Gibraltar Chronicle 375, 388; on Howe’s convoy 347; on invasion threat 37–8; reports of Gibraltar siege xvii, 174, 272, 274, 353, 354; reports of Minorca siege 229, 259; on Royal George xxiv, xxv, 372, 373; sent to Gibraltar 24, 174, 211

  Nicolls, Oliver 314, 315, 326

  Nile, Battle of 385

  the Notch, Gibraltar 277, 281, 285, 287

  Nottingham, England 81

  Nottingham 112

  Nutwell Court, Devon 2

  officers (army) 19–21, 70, 84, 125, 152, 173, 181, 243, 306–7, 309, 355, 370

  Old Mole 237, 239, 281, 320, 336, 364, 374; anchorage 16, 281; artillery 169–70, 178, 225, 230, 358, 364

  Orange Grove, Spain 279, 294, 311; description 48; and floating batteries 275, 307, 317, 319; landing place 48, 225, 294, 307; prisoners 173

  oranges 48, 62, 87, 112, 113, 160–1, 262, 279

  Orange’s bastion 321, 347, 356

  oxen 32, 93, 380

  Palerano, Maria 279, 406

  Palmones river 86, 161, 169

  Panther 22, 23, 24, 135, 137, 140, 141–2, 348, 349

  Paoli, Pascale 289–90

  Paris, France 259, 272, 295, 304, 342, 361, 366

  Paris, Treaty of 8, 387

  parleys see flags of truce

  Parsons, Joseph (artificer) 269

  Pasley, Charles William 373

  Pastora (floating battery) 319, 408; armament 321; damage 326, 328–9, 330–1, 332, 333, 334; flagship of Moreno 319, 320; and King’s Bastion 320, 323; losses 326, 328

  Paterson, Thomas (artillery) 24, 31–2, 58, 59–60, 64, 72, 76, 78, 108, 111, 280

  Paton, Private (artillery) 252

  pay/wages xxv, 29, 69–70, 157, 181, 301

  peace 9, 171, 295, 359, 361, 363, 364–5, 366–7, 376

  Peace and Plenty 71–3, 74, 76, 77

  pensions/pensioners 234, 293, 378, 386

  Philip II (of Spain) 6

  Philip V (of Spain) 7, 8

  Phipps, John (engineers) 149

  Phoenix see Fenix

  Picton, William (12th) 149, 182, 257, 293, 308; arrived from England 117; on floating batteries 333, 336–7; Mawhood’s funeral 151; medal 386–7; Rodney’s convoy 125; sortie 243

  Piedro, Bernardo 362

  pigs 174, 175, 197

  Pillars of Hercules 4–5, 6

  pistols 152, 290

  plays 8, 362

  Plymouth, Devon 34, 36, 37, 42, 97; Ardent 39; Curtis 353; defences 36; dispatches from Gibraltar 353; Hardy 38, 42; Howe’s convoy 346; invasion fleet 37–8, 39, 40, 41, 42; Latona 353; Macdonald 36, 98–9; Pownoll 107; Rodney’s convoy 97–9; Royal George 304; Vernon 42, 99

  Plymouth Sound 36, 38, 39, 99

  Point Mala, Spain 48, 317

  polacres 23, 165, 171

  Porcupine 135, 211, 246, 344

  pork see meat, pigs

  Port Mahon, Minorca 8, 176, 177, 207, 210, 228–9, 260

  Portsmouth, Hampshire xxvi, 8, 33, 34, 36, 42, 44, 113, 185, 346, 385; Balchen xx, xxii; bodies from wreck xxiv; Byng 8; Cumberland (Richard) xx, xxii, xxiv; Curtis 176; Darby’s convoy 185; Green (Mrs) 153; Hardy 42–3; invasion threat 40; prostitutes xxiii, xxiv, xxiv, 215; Rodney’s convoy 97–8, 112; Royal George xvii, xxi, xxii, 301–3; Speedwell 170

  Portsmouth Point xxii, xxiii, xxiv

  Portugal 3, 5, 6, 7, 26, 148, 160, 226, 238, 262, 274, 279; see also Faro, Lisbon

  post-chaise 112

  potatoes 166, 171, 297, 339, 380

  poultry 69, 72, 87, 93, 113, 127, 174, 183, 197, 297, 371; eggs 93, 174; see also birds

  powder see gunpowder

  Power, Barry and Sarah 55

  Pownoll, Philemon 107, 112

  prames 225, 237, 273

  press-gangs xxiii, 35, 38

  Price, Rice (56th) 26, 84, 90; on blockade 22, 87; on Buck 76–7; on Burke 235; captain of guard at Landport 73; career 85; on deaths and injuries 191, 202, 213; description of town 207–8; on deserters 67, 84, 180, 237; on fireballs 66; on fireship attack 138–9; on first shots 91; governor’s orders 25–6; on gunboats 221, 224; on incoming shot/shells 58, 195, 217, 227–8, 236, 257–8; marriage 398; on outgoing shells 68; on Peace and Plenty 72; on Phoenix 109; on street paving removed 57–8; on vegetable raids 83; on working parties18–19, 27, 65; on Young Sabine 165

  prices/costs: of ammunition 257; of floating batteries 354; of fuel 92, 216; of houses 378; of provisions 67, 69, 70, 71, 82, 92–3, 117, 127, 135, 155, 173, 174–5, 181, 182, 183, 194, 197, 216, 355, 367; of provisions in Spanish camp 68, 113; of siegeworks 255

  priests see clergymen

  Prince George 97, 103, 104, 115, 186, 373

  Prince of Orange’s bastion see Orange’s bastion

  Prince’s Lines 27, 58, 67, 73, 83, 261, 284, 311

  Princess Ann’s Battery 258, 281–2

  Prince William (Guipuscoana) 100–1

  Prince William (William IV) 97, 99, 100, 115–16, 117–18, 119, 186, 373

  Prince William’s battery 228

  prisoners-of-war 24, 159, 266; British 3, 120, 126, 138, 146, 157–9, 173, 351, 360; from Caracas convoy 101; from floating batteries 331–2, 337–9, 344, 345; Genoese 282; and Minorca 259, 260, 265; from Moonlight Battle 109, 110, 111, 114–15, 119, 120, 126; from St Michael 348, 350, 356; from sortie 251–2, 256–7, 260

  privateers 22–3, 24, 71–2, 74, 77, 107, 134, 263

  privates see rank-and-file

  prize-money/prizes 23, 24, 35, 50, 100, 104, 107, 108, 109, 111, 121, 146, 266, 362, 379

  prostitutes xxiii, xxiv, xxvi, 215–16, 301

  Protestants: church attendance 89; clergymen at execution 89; hospital 95; left for England 213; soldiers 11, 29; see also King’s Chapel

  Puerto Rico 356

  punishments12, 195; Byng shot by firing squad 8; flogging 153, 210, 220–1, 270; hanging 85, 89, 180, 210, 218–20, 244, 257, 267, 270, 312, 363; of officers 8, 153, 173, 265; pardoned 180, 267; pillory 270; prison 61, 68; turned out of garrison 19, 27; treated as insane; whirligig 215–16; of wo
men 215–16, 220; see also crimes

  Quakers 89

  Quartin, Antonio 91

  Quebec, Battle of 319, 340

  Quebec, Canada 13

  Queen 303

  Queen Charlotte’s battery 51, 54

  Queen of Spain’s Chair (Sierra Carbonera), Spain 31, 130, 222, 225, 278, 322

  Queen’s Lines 179, 261, 284–5, 311

  raisins 160

  rank-and-file (privates, troops) 13, 20, 35, 55, 60, 89, 94, 133, 153, 173, 175, 190, 198, 236, 243, 282, 297, 368, 370; see also deserters, regiments

  rations/allowances 44, 71, 92, 107, 117, 159, 183, 279; in Spanish camp 113

  rats 183

  Rawlinson, Henry Creswicke 378

  Raymundo, Maria 201, 403; Peter 201

  Read, George (58th) 359

  Read, John (58th) 359

  reals see money

  red-hot shot 291; against floating batteries 324–7, 328, 331; fired at Spanish camp 364; heating and firing 280–1, 286–7, 312, 318, 322, 324–5, 327, 339, 343, 344; Mahon battery attacked 309–10; trials 281, 319; warships vulnerable 273, 311–12, 321

  Red Sands, Gibraltar 92, 214–15, 242, 243

  regiment, 12th: 13, 74, 168, 181, 231, 237, 241, 242, 243, 245, 250, 257, 386; see also Brookes, Hammerton, Maddin, Picton, Spilsbury, Whetham

  regiment, 25th: 351, 360, 378

  regiment, 39th: 13, 20, 125, 126, 152, 153, 173, 181, 191, 224, 243–4, 386; see also Boyd, Burleigh, Cranfield, Cuninghame, Horsbrugh, James, Kellett, Mercier, Murray, Ross (Charles), Vignoles, Wilson

  regiment, 56th: 13, 85, 180, 223, 386; see also Abercromby, Chisholm, Elsegood, Fancourt, Fullingford, Hamilton (Henry), Hornsby, Moore, Price

  regiment, 58th: 13, 61, 243–4; see also Ancell, Eustace, Farrell, Hassan, Read, Ward

  regiment, 59th: 351, 360

  regiment, 72nd (Royal Manchester Volunteers): 9, 13, 61, 74, 89–90, 149, 151, 168, 173–4, 193, 236, 251, 268, 270, 281, 383, 388, 394; see also Budworth, Delhoste, Drinkwater, Evelegh (John), Gledstanes, Mawhood, Ross (Charles), Upton (John)

  regiment, 73rd (Highlanders): 36, 38, 98, 116–17, 119, 126–7, 128, 224–5, 245, 252, 259, 268, 280, 362, 368, 378; see also Cairncross, Gordon, Irving, Lindsay (Colin), Lindsay (Martin), Macdonald, Mackenzie, Ross (Donald), Sutherland

  regiment, 97th: 266, 268, 279, 351; see also McDonald

  regiments 13, 242–3, 289, 376; Bourbon 84; Bretagne 259, 292; Catalonia 177; Estremadura 130–1; French/Spanish 113, 129, 162, 177–8, 278, 306–7; Hanoverian 13, 29, 51, 61, 74, 115, 179–80, 218, 241, 244, 250, 252, 288, 386, 402, 410; Hardenberg’s 179, 241, 242, 243, 245, 250; La Motte’s 179, 224; numbering 19; Reden’s 179; reviews 125, 126; Sydows’s 179; see also cavalry, Marine Brigade, officers, rank-and-file, surgeons, Walloon Guards