18 Thomas Johnston, The History of the Working Classes in Scotland, p. 219
19 Thomas Alfred Jackson, Trials of British Freedom: Being Some Studies in the History of the Fight for Democratic Freedom in Britain, Ayer Publishing, 1940, p. 39
20 Ibid., pp. 43–45
21 Thomas Johnston, The History of the Working Classes in Scotland, p. 226
22 J. M. Bumsted, Lord Selkirk: A Life, University of Manitoba Press, 2008, p. 54; and Edward Royle, Revolutionary Britannia: Reflections on the Threat of Revolution in Britain, 1789–1848, Manchester University Press, 2000, p. 20
23 Christopher A. Whatley, Scottish Society 1707–1830: Beyond Jacobitism, Towards Industrialisation, Manchester University Press, 2000, p. 289
24 W. Hamish Fraser, Scottish Popular Politics: From Radicalism to Labour, Edinburgh University Press, 2000, p. 20
25 Thomas Johnston, The History of the Working Classes in Scotland, p. 230
26 Ibid.
27 Alternative Perthshire, ‘Friends of the People and the United Scotsmen’, alternative-perth.co.uk/frdspeople.htm, accessed 24 September, 2012
28 H. W. Meikle, Scotland and the French Revolution, Frank Cass, 1969, pp. 152–53
29 Rosalind Mitchison, A History of Scotland, p. 363
30 David R. Ross, A Passion for Scotland, Luath Press, 2003 p. 123
31 Gordon Pentland, ‘The French Revolution, Scottish Radicalism and the “People Who Were Called Jacobins”’, in Ulrich Broich, H. T. Dickinson, Eckhart Hellmuth and Martin Schmidt (eds), Reactions to Revolution: The 1790s and Their Aftermath, Lit Verlag, 2007, p. 99
32 Ibid., p. 100
33 Ibid., p. 101
34 Linas Eriksonas, National Heroes and National Identities: Scotland, Norway, and Lithuania, Peter Lang, 2004, p. 141
35 Dick Gaughan Song Archive, ‘Thomas Muir of Huntershill’, dickgaughan.co.uk/songs/texts/thommuir.html, accessed 1 May 2013
36 T. M. Devine, The Scottish Nation 1700–2000, Allen Lane, 1999, pp. 222–23
37 John McGowan, Policing the Metropolis of Scotland: A History of the Police and Systems of Police in Edinburgh & Edinburghshire, 1770–1833, p. 202
38 Ibid., p. 214
39 Edinburgh Magazine, 19 September 1837, in The Edinburgh Magazine, vol. 5, July–December 1819, Archibald Constable, 1819, p. 276
40 T. Clarke and T. Dickson, ‘Class and Class Consciousness in Early Industrial Capitalism, Paisley 1770–1850’, in T. Dickson (ed.), Capital and Class in Scotland, John Donald, 1982, p. 38
41 Linas Eriksonas, National Heroes and National Identities: Scotland, Norway, and Lithuania, p. 142
42 T. M. Devine, The Scottish Nation 1700–2000, p. 226
43 Rosalind Mitchison and G. W. S. Barrow, Why Scottish History Matters, Saltire Society, 1997, p. 86
44 James Brown, From Radicalism to Socialism: Paisley Engineers 1890–1920, Our History, History Group of the Communist Party, 1980, p. 2
45 Rosalind Mitchison and G. W. S. Barrow, Why Scottish History Matters, p. 86
46 T. M. Devine, The Scottish Nation 1700–2000, p. 227
47 Alexander Somerville and John Carswell, The Autobiography of a Working Man, Turnstile Press, 1848, pp. 22–23
48 Michael Fry, Edinburgh: A History of the City, Pan, 2010, p. 250
49 Thomas Johnston, The History of the Scottish Working Classes, pp. 244–45
50 Alternative Perthshire, ‘1832 Reform Act and Associated Agitation in Perth’, alternative-perth.co.uk/1832reformact.htm, accessed 24 September 2012
51 Anna Clark, The Struggle for the Breeches: Gender and the Making of the British Working Class, University of California Press, 1997, p. 206
52 Ibid.
53 Ibid., p. 205
54 T. M. Devine, The Scottish Nation 1700–2000, p. 276
55 Tomas Phelan, ‘James McNish and the Glasgow Cotton Spinners Union’, United Scotsman, vol. 2, no. 5, scottishrepublicansocialistmovement.org/Pages/SRSMArticles
JamesMcNishandtheGlasgowCottonSpinnersUnion.aspx, accessed 2 May 2012
56 Ibid.
57 Dorothy Thompson, The Chartists: Popular Politics in the Industrial Revolution, Wildwood House, 1986, pp. 221–23
58 W. Hamish Fraser, ‘The Scottish Context of Chartism’, in Terry Brotherstone (editor), Covenant, Charter and Party: Traditions of Revolt and Protest in Press, 1989, p. 67
59 John Charlton, The Chartists: The First National Workers Movement, Pluto Press, 1992, p. 17
60 Dorothy Thompson, The Chartists: Popular Politics in the Industrial Revolution, p. 223
61 Robert Duncan, ‘Chartism in Aberdeen: Radical Politics and Culture 1838–1848’, in Terry Brotherstone (ed.), Covenant, Charter and Party: Traditions of Revolt and Protest in Modern Scottish History, p. 87
62 Dorothy Thompson, The Chartists: Popular Politics in the Industrial Revolution, pp. 284–85
63 Alexander Wilson, The Chartist Movement in Scotland, Manchester University Press, 1970, pp. 192–94
64 Robert Duncan, The Mineworkers, Birlinn, 2005, pp. 134–36
65 W. W. Knox, An Industrial Nation: Work, Culture and Society in Scotland, 1800–Present, Edinburgh University Press, 1999, p. 68
66 Thomas Johnston, The History of the Scottish Working Classes, p. 276
67 Dorothy Thompson, The Chartists: Popular Politics in the Industrial Revolution, p. 320
68 Alexander Wilson, The Chartist Movement in Scotland, p. 218
69 Ibid., pp. 217–21
70 Ibid., p. 226
71 Thomas Johnston, The History of the Scottish Working Classes, pp. 254–55
72 Malcolm Chase, Chartism: A New History, Manchester University Press, 2007, p. 316
73 Alexander Wilson, The Chartist Movement in Scotland, p. 222
74 Ibid., pp. 235–39
75 Louise Yeoman, ‘Helen McFarlane – the radical feminist admired by Karl Marx’, BBC Radio Scotland, 26 November 2012
7. The Highland Clearances and Resistance
1 Murray Pittock, The Invention of Scotland: The Stuart Myth and the Scottish Identity, 1638 to the Present, Taylor and Francis, 1991, pp. 107–8
2 T. M. Devine, The Scottish Nation 1700–2000, p. 187
3 J. M. Bumsted, The People’s Clearance: Highland Emigration to British North America 1770–1815, University of Manitoba Press, 1982, pp. 44–45
4 Eric Richards, A History of the Highland Clearances: Emigration, Protest, Reasons, Taylor and Francis, 1985, p. 306
5 Alexander Mackenzie, The History of the Highland Clearances, P. J. O’Callaghan, 1883, pp. 17–18
6 Eric Richards, A History of the Highland Clearances: Emigration, Protest, Reasons, p. 53
7 Laurence Gourievidis, The Dynamics of Heritage: History, Memory and the Highland Clearances, Ashgate, 2012, p. 22
8 Robert Knox, The Races of Men, Henry Renshaw, 1850, p. 378
9 T. C. Smout, A Century of the Scottish People 1830–1950, p. 65
10 Alexander Mackenzie, The History of the Highland Clearances, p. viii
11 Neil Davidson, The Origins of Scottish Nationhood, p. 148
12 ‘Farming and Clearance’, Ross and Cromarty Roots, rosscromartyroots.co.uk/index.asp?pageid=54211, accessed 9 May 2013
13 ‘Western Isles History – The Bernera Riot’, Virtual Hebrides, virtualheb.co.uk/bernera-riot-western-isles.html, accessed 8 May 2013
14 Tom Gallagher, Glasgow, the Uneasy Peace, Manchester University Press, 1987, p. 66
15 Ibid.
16 Murray Pittock, The Invention of Scotland: The Stuart Myth and the Scottish Identity, 1638 to the Present, p. 109
17 Alastair MacIntosh Gray and William Moffat, A History of Scotland: Modern Times, Oxford University Press, 1999, p. 28
18 Ibid.
19 Eric Richards, A History of the Highland Clearances: Emigration, Protest, Reasons, p. 342
20 Florence S. Boos (ed.), Working-Class Women Poets in Victorian Britain: An Anthology, Broadview Press, 2008, p. 173
21 Sorley MacLe
an, ‘Maírí Mhor nan Oran’, Calgacus, Winter 1975
22 Tom Gallagher, Glasgow, the Uneasy Peace, p. 66
23 Ian Murdoch MacLeod MacPhail, The Crofters War, Acair, 1989, p. 100
8. Scotland in the Nineteenth Century
1 Gordon T. Stewart, Jute and Empire: The Calcutta Jute Wallahs and the Landscapes of Empire, Manchester University Press, 1998, pp. 171–73
2 Christopher Harvie, Scotland and Nationalism: Scottish Society and Politics 1707–1977, p. 74
3 Ray Burnett, ‘Scotland and Antonio Gramsci’, Scottish International 9, November 1972
4 Michael Lynch, Scotland – A New History, Pimlico, 1992, p. 358
5 Tom Nairn, ‘The Three Dreams of Scottish Nationalism’, New Left Review 49, May-June 1968, p. 7
6 Neil Davidson, ‘In Perspective – Tom Nairn’, Socialist Review, March 1999
7 T. M. Devine, The Scottish Nation 1700–2000, p. 287
8 Christopher Harvie, Scotland and Nationalism: Scottish Society and Politics 1707–1977, pp. 33–34
9 Ibid, pp. 107–8
10 T. C. Smout, A Century of the Scottish People 1830–1950, p. 41
11 T. M. Devine, The Scottish Nation 1700–2000, p. 258
12 William Knox, Industrial Nation: Work, Culture and Society in Scotland 1800–Present, p. 132
13 J. J. Smyth, Labour in Glasgow 1896–1936: Socialism, Suffrage, Sectarianism, Tuckwell Press, 2000, pp. 19–21
14 T. C. Smout, A Century of the Scottish People 1830–1950, pp. 8–9
15 Richard Rodger, The Transformation of Edinburgh: Land, Property and Trust in the Nineteenth Century, Cambridge University Press, 2001, p. 18
16 T. C. Smout, ‘Scotland 1850–1950’, in Francis Michael Longsteth Thompson, The Cambridge Social History of Britain, 1750–1950, Cambridge University press, 1993, p. 217
17 Ian R. Mitchell, ‘The Garngad: Heaven and Hell’, glasgowwestend.co.uk/whatson/thegarngadheavenandhell.php, accessed 8 May 2013
18 Ibid.
19 Ibid.
20 Ibid.
21 Michael Fry, Edinburgh: A History of the City, Pan, 2010, pp. 242–43
22 Robert Duncan, The Mineworkers, p. 74
23 Harry McShane, Glasgow District Trades Council Centenary Brochure 1958–1958: A Hundred Years of Progress, Civic Press, 1958, p. 7
24 Lanarkshire Communities, 12 April 2012
25 Bla’an’tir’s Ain Website, ‘The Ejection of the Blantyre Widows’, blantyrebiz/The-Ejection-of-the-Blantyre-Windows.html, accessed 12 April 2013
26 T. C. Smout, A Century of the Scottish People 1830–1950, p. 33
27 Seán Damer, ‘State Class and Housing: Glasgow 1885–1919’, in Joseph Melling (ed.), Housing, Social Policy and the State, Taylor and Francis, 1980, p. 85
28 T. C. Smout, A Century of the Scottish People 1830–1950, p. 103
29 Ibid., p. 35
30 Ibid., p. 150
31 T. M. Devine, The Scottish Nation 1700–2000, pp. 263–64
32 Tom Gallagher, Edinburgh Divided: John Cormack and No Popery in the 1930s, Polygon, 1987, pp. 10–11
33 T. C. Smout, A Century of the Scottish People 1830–1950, p. 240
34 Ibid., p. 242
35 Christopher Harvie, ‘Before the Breakthrough, 1886–1922’, in Ian Donnachie, Christopher Harvie and Ian S. Wood (eds), Forward! Labour Politics in Scotland 1888–1988, Polygon, 1989, p. 12; and Tom Gallagher, Glasgow, the Uneasy Peace, p. 71
36 Bernard Aspinwall and John McAffret, ‘A Comparative View of the Irish in Edinburgh in the Nineteenth Century’, in Roger Smith (ed.), The Irish in the Victorian City, Taylor and Francis, 1985, p. 132
37 Tom Gallagher, Glasgow, the Uneasy Peace, p. 7
38 Elaine McFarland, Protestants First: Orangeism in 19th Century Scotland, Edinburgh University Press, 1990, p. 49
39 Tom Gallagher, Glasgow, the Uneasy Peace, p. 29
40 J. E. Handley, The Irish in Modern Scotland, Cork University Press, 1947, p. 44
41 Tom Gallagher, Glasgow, the Uneasy Peace, p. 32
42 Elaine McFarland, Protestants First: Orangeism in 19th Century Scotland, p. 66
43 Tom Gallagher, Glasgow, the Uneasy Peace, p. 29
44 Ibid., p. 14
45 Ibid., pp. 26–27
46 Elaine McFarland, Protestants First: Orangeism in 19th Century Scotland, pp. 143–44 and 186
47 Ibid., p. 145
48 Ibid., pp. 148–49
49 Ibid., pp. 166–67
50 Ibid., pp. 192–93
51 ‘The Jewish Community in Scotland’, Education Scotland, educationscotland.gov.uk/higherscottishistory/migrationandempire/experienceofimmigrants/jewish.asp, accessed 1 October 2012
52 Nathan Abrams, ‘Jute, Journalism, Jam and Jews: The Anomalous Survival of the Dundee Hebrew Congregation’, bangor.ac.uk/creative_industries/documents/JUTE,JOURNALISM,JAMANDJEWS.pdf, accessed 1 October 2012
53 Andrew Nash, Kailyard and Scottish Literature, Rodopi B.V, 2007, p. 183
54 Richard Zumkhawala-Cook, Scotland as We Know it: Representations of National Identity in Literature, Film and Popular Culture, McFarland, 2008, p. 29
55 James Veitch, George Douglas Brown, H. Jenkins, 1952, pp. 153 and 156
56 T. M. Devine, The Scottish Nation 1700–2000, pp. 260–61
57 Eleanor Gordon, Women and the Labour Movement in Scotland 1850–1914, Clarendon, 1991, p. 141
58 William M. Walker, Juteopolis: Dundee and Its Textile Workers 1885–1923, Scottish Academic Press, 1979, pp. 86–87
59 Lynne Abrams, The Making of Modern Women: 1789–1918, Pearson, 2002, p. 112
60 Eleanor Gordon, Women and the Labour Movement in Scotland 1850–1914, p. 192
61 Robert Duncan, The Mineworkers, p. 142
62 Ibid.
63 T. C. Smout, A Century of the Scottish People 1830–1950, p. 106
64 Christopher Harvie, ‘Before the Breakthrough, 1886–1922’, in Ian Donnachie, Christopher Harvie and Ian S. Wood (eds), Forward! Labour Politics in Scotland 1888–1988, p. 9
65 James J. Smyth, ‘The ILP in Glasgow: The Struggle for Identity’, in Alan McKinlay and R. J. Morris (eds), The ILP on Clydeside 1893–1932: From Foundation to Disintegration, Manchester University Press, 1991, p. 26
66 Ibid., p. 22
67 Christopher Harvie, ‘Before the Breakthrough, 1886–1922’, p. 10
68 W. Hamish Fraser and Clive Lee, Aberdeen 1800–2000: A New History, Dundurn, 2000, p. 192
69 Ibid., p. 194
70 David Howell, British Workers and the Independent Labour Party, 1888–1906, Manchester University Press, 1984, p. 170
71 James Connolly, James Connolly: Selected Writings, Pluto Press, 1998, p. 32
72 C. Desmond Greaves, The Life and Times of James Connolly, Lawrence and Wishart, 1976, pp. 30–31
73 Kieran Allen, The Politics of James Connolly, Pluto Press, 1990, p. 6
74 C. Desmond Greaves, The Life and Times of James Connolly, p. 48
75 Kieran Allen, The Politics of James Connolly, p. 10
9. The Clyde Runs Red
1 T. M. Devine, The Scottish Nation 1700–2000, p. 309
2 T. C. Smout, A Century of the Scottish People 1830–1950, p. 267
3 Christopher Harvie, ‘Before the Breakthrough, 1886–1922’, p. 21
4 ‘Compulsory Military Service, Should the Working Class Support it?’, Socialist Labour Press, 1918, p. 15.
5 William Kenefick, Red Scotland! The Rise and Fall of the Radical Left, 1872 to 1932, Edinburgh University Press, 2007, p. 134
6 Gordon Brown, Maxton, Collins Fontana, 1988, pp. 58–59
7 Iain McLean, The Legend of the Red Clydeside, John Donald, 1983, pp. 21–22
8 Rob Duncan, ‘Independent Working Class Education and the Formation of the Labour College Movement in Glasgow and the West of Scotland, 1915–1922’, in Robert Duncan and Arthur McIvor (eds), Militant Workers: Labour and Class Conflict on the Clyde 1900–1950, Essays in Honour of Harry McShane 1891–1988, John Do
nald, 1992, p. 107
9 Ann and Vincent Flynn, ‘We Shall Not Be Removed’, in Laurie Flynn (ed.), We Shall Be All, Bookmarks, 1978, p. 22
10 Seán Damer, ‘State Class and Housing: Glasgow 1885–1919’, in Joseph Melling (ed.), Housing, Social Policy and the State, Taylor and Francis, 1980, p. 104
11 Trish Caird, ‘Women and the Left: Mary Barbour’, http://internationalsocialist.org.uk/index.php/2013/03/women-on-the-left-mary-barbour/, accessed 24 March 2013
12 William Gallacher, Revolt on the Clyde, Lawrence & Wishart, 1990, p. 51
13 John McHugh, ‘The Clyde Rent Strike, 1915’, Scottish Labour History Society 12 (1978) p. 58
14 Ann and Vincent Flynn, ‘We Shall Not Be Removed’, p. 24
15 William Gallacher, Revolt on the Clyde, p. 52
16 Glasgow Herald, 29 October 1915
17 William Gallacher, Revolt on the Clyde, p. 53
18 Trish Caird, ‘Women and the Left: Mary Barbour’
19 Seán Damer, ‘State Class and Housing: Glasgow 1885–1919’, p. 94
20 Tom Bell, Pioneering Days, Lawrence and Wishart, 1941, p. 110
21 Forward, 27 November 1915
22 William Gallacher, Revolt on the Clyde, p. 57
23 Ann and Vincent Flynn, ‘We Shall Not Be Removed’, p. 28
24 Seán Damer, ‘State Class and Housing: Glasgow 1885–1919’, p. 98
25 Iain McLean, The Legend of Red Clydeside, John Donald, 1983, p. 41
26 James Hinton, The First Shop Stewards’ Movement, George Allen and Unwin, London, 1973, p. 296
27 Ibid.
28 Iain McLean, The Legend of Red Clydeside, p. 10
29 Tony Cliff and Donny Gluckstein, Marxism and Trade Union Struggle: The General Strike of 1926, Bookmarks, 1986, p. 67
30 James Hinton, The First Shop Stewards Movement, p. 138
31 Ibid., p. 140
32 Gordon Brown, Maxton, p. 61
33 Ibid., pp. 61–62
34 James Hinton, The First Shop Stewards Movement, p. 140
35 Iain McLean, The Legend of Red Clydeside, p. 63
36 James Hinton, The First Shop Stewards Movement, p. 145
37 Ibid.
38 Christopher Harvie, ‘Before the Breakthrough, 1886–1922’, p. 23
39 Rob Duncan, ‘Independent Working Class Education and the Formation of the Labour College Movement in Glasgow and the West of Scotland, 1915–1922’, p. 115
40 James Hinton, The First Shop Stewards Movement, p. 257
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