St. Marys, Ohio
St. Marys Rural Electrification Cooperative
St. Paul Reformed Church (Wapakoneta, Ohio)
St. Paul United Church of Christ (Wapakoneta, Ohio)
Stafford, Faye Laverne Shoemaker
Stafford, Thomas P. “Tom”: and Apollo and Apollo and Apollo 10 astronaut assignments of astronaut training of
autobiography of, and Bassett’s and See’s death, and contractor tours and Gemini program Houston home of, and LM, and Moon landing of Apollo 11, as navy pilot, personal and professional background of press conferences of and rendezvous in space, and Slayton’s meeting about Apollo program and White’s death and funeral
stamps, commenorative
State Department, U.S.
Stephenson, David S.
Stevens, Connie
Stewart, Jimmy
Stillwell, Wendell H.
Stinebaugh Construction
Stephenson, David S.
Stevens, Connie
Stewart, Jimmy
Stillwell, Wendell H.
Stinebaugh Construction
Stover, James
Stroh, LaRue
Stumm, Phil
Sullivan Kathryn D
Sullivan, R. M.
supersonic transport (SST) program
Surefire project
Surveyor spacecraft
Sutter, Joseph F.
Suydam, Hank
Swann, William
Swigert, Jack: and Apollo 13 accident
T-33 “T-bird,”
T-38 trainer
T40 rocket
Taft Broadcasting
Tales of the South Pacific (Michener)
Tang
Task Force 77: in Korean War
Taylor Cub: Armstrong’s Taylor Cub: Armstrong’s model of
Teichgraber, Richard
television broadcoasts: and Aldrin’s celebration of Holy Communication and Eagle’s ascent from Moon, and “Giant Step” tour, and Moon landing, and Moon Walk, of Nixon’s telephone call, and outbound flight of Apollo 11, and return from Moon walk, and return of Apollo 11, and splashdown of Apollo 11
Tereshkova, Valentina
test pilot, Armstrong as: and effect of Karen’s death on Armstrong’s job performance and Armstrong as “accident prone,” and Armstrong’s transition from test pilor to astronaut, at Edwards Air Force Base fitness reports on NACA ratings of rumors of grounding
Test Pilot Hall of Fame
test pilots: as astronauts, as casualties, characteristics of good, types of
“Thach Weave” maneuver
“The Right Stuff,”
“theory of least astonisment,”
Theremin, Leo
Thiessen, Nancy
Thiessen, Scotty
Thiokol
36th Fighter-Day Wing
Thompson, Edward K.
Thompson, Floyd L.
Thompson, Harley
Thompson, Milton O. “Milt,”
Thompson, Thomas R. “Tommy,”
Time magazine
Tindall, Howard W. Jr. “Bill,”
Tipton, Joseph L.
Titan rockets
Tizard, Henry T.
Toledo (cruiser)
Tolkien, J.R.R.
Tonight Show (NBC)
Top 20 Engineering Achievements of the Twentiety Centery
tracking stations: and Gemini III and Gemini VIII and Moon walk, and outbound flight of Apollo
Training Class
Tranquility Base, See also Moon landing; Moon walk
Trans-World Airlines (TWA)
TRANSIT satellites
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space
Tropical Survival School (Panama Canal Zone)
Trude, Carolyn
Truman, Harry
Truszynski, Gerald M.
Tse-Min-Tsai
Tsiolkovskii, Konstantin E.
TU-144 model
Tupolev, Adrian
Tupolev, Andrey N.
U Thant
UFOs,
Ulmer Company
United Airlines
United Nations
United States Information Agency (USIA)
University of California: Lick Observatory at
University of Cincinnati: Armstrong as faculty member at Armstrong commencement address at, Armstrong resign from Armstrong’s honorary degree from
University of Houston: astronaut press conference at
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: Morehead Planetarium at
University of Southern Califorina: Armstrong as student at Armstrong’s honorary degree from
Upper Sandusky, Ohio
U.S. Air Force Museum (Dayton, Ohio)
USO tour (Christmas, 1969)
USS Boxer,
USS Bunker Hill
USS Cabot (Carrier)
USS Coastal sentry Quebec
USS Constitution Museum Association
USS Essex: and Armstrong’s September episode, Banshee disaster on in Hawaiian Islands in Japan in Korean War memorial service on, Michener as guest on, return to U.S. of, squadrons assigned to, in typhoon pilots’ training on
USS Hornet
USS Kearsarge
USS Midway
USS Pueblo incident
USS Rose Knot Victor
USS Valley Forge(CVA-45)
USS Wright
USSR Academy of Sciences
V-2 rockets
VA-54
Van Nuys, Peter Morrison
Van Reigersberg, Fernando
Vanarsdol family
Vanguard satellite program
Varsity Varieties (Purdue University)
VC-3 squadron
VC-11 squadron
VC-35 squadron
VC-61 squadron
Vensel, Joseph R. “Joe,”
Verne, Jules
Vietnam War
Viking rockets
von Braun, Wernher
von Däniken, Erich
Voskhod I mission
The Voyage of Charles Darwin (PBS)
Voyager spacecraft
VR-32
VTOL (vertical takeoff and landing) technology
Wharer’s West End Grocery (Wapakoneta, Ohio),
Waldheim, Kurt
Walker, Arthur B.C. Jr.
Walker, Charles
Walker, Joseph A. “Joe”: and launching and Armstrong’s application to be an astronaut Armstrong’s relationship with, and Armstrong’s selection as test pilot at Edwards character and personality combat record of, and Conference on the Peaceful Use of Space and death of, as father, at HSFS and Karen’s illness and death and LLRV program and “Nellis Affair,” personal and
professional background of, and
UFOs, and X-1, and X-1A, and X-3, and X-4, and X-5, and X-15, program
Walker, Robert Bruce
Walker-Wiesman, Grace
Waltman, Gene L.
Wapakoneta, Ohio: Armstrong airport in Armstrong family moves and Armstrong’s childhood and youth as Armstrong’s hometown Armstrong’s vacations/trips to celebrations for Armstrong in, and launch of Apollo and Moon landing, Neil Armstrong museum in as Smallville See also Specific person
Ward, Nathaniel
Warga, Wayne
Warren, Goodell “Goodie,”
Warrem, Ohio
Washington, D.C.: celebrations for return of Apollo crew in, and return from “Giant Step” tour, See also Congress U.S., White House
Wead, Douglas
Webb, James E.
Weber, Harman
Weber Aircraft
Weeks, Lawrence M.
Weil, Joseph
Welch, Louis
Wendt, Guenter
Wendt, Guenter
Wenzell, Richard M.
West Crater
Westinghouse Company
Westmoreland, William
Wheelock, Austin W.
Wheelon, Albe
rt D.
Whitcomb, Richard T.
White, Al
White, Bonnie
White, Edward H. II “Ed”: Aldrin’s relationship with, and Armstrong’s last days at Edwards Air Force Base, Armstrong’s reactions to death of, Armstrong’s relationship with, astronaut training of, death and funeral of educational background of and fire in Armstrong Houston home and Gemini program honors for Houston home of, and mementos left on Moon, and Moon landing as hoax believers, personal and professional background of press conferences of, selection as an astronaut of, space walk of White House dinner for flight of
White Edward H. III
White Patricia, Eileen Finegan
White, Robert M. “Bob,”
White, Vivian
White House, See also Specific president
Whiting, Kenneth
Whiting Field (Pensacola, Florida)
Whitten, James V.,
Whittington, Gerry
Wiesner, Jerome
Williams Clifton C. “C.C.,”
Williams, Hosea
Williams, John J.
Williams, Walter C.: and Armstrong’s application to be an astronaut and Armstrong’s IAS presentation, and Armstrong’s selection as an astronaut
Armstrong’s views about astronaut assignments for and Day, as head of HSFS and Mercury Project and mission rules, professional background of and selection of astronauts as Space Task Group member and training of astronauts
Wilmette, Illinosis: Shearon familyin
Wilson, James
wind, tunnels
Windler, Milton L.
Winkler, Henry
Wittenberg College (Ohio)
Wolf Patrol (Boy Scout Troop)
Wolfe, Tom
Wolff, Thomas
women, as astronauts, as aviators
Wood, James W.
Woodruff, Dean
Woolams, Jack
Worden, Al
World War II. See also specific person
Wouk, Herman
Wright brothers
Wright Field(Ohio)
Wright Flyer
Wright-Patetrson Air Force Base (Ohio)
Wrigley, Walter
X-1 program: accidents in, Armstrong as pilot in Bikle’s views about breaking of sound barrier by, and Crossfield ending of, Mach speeds on pilots in, range of, simulator for and techniques for maneuvering in outer space and Walker and Williams and program and Yeager
X-2 program
X-3 program
X-4 program
X-5 program
X-14 program
X-15 program: Armstrong as pilot for Armstrong involvement with
Armstrong’s biggest pilot error in Armstrong’s final flight on and
Armstrong’s final flight on, and Armstrong’s last days at Edwards Air Force Base, and Armstrong’s personal appearances Armstrong’s records in, Armstrong’s responsibilities with, and Armstrong’s selection as an astronaut Armstrong’s views about and Armstrong’s X-15 “Overshoot,” and Bikle’s cancellation of Armstrong’s European trip design and development of, Drake’s research leading to, and Dyan-Soar ending of, and Engle first flights of, flight control system for goals of, High Range in, Iron Cross rig for, Janet Armstrong’s views of, and lift-drag ratio (L/D), and “black box,” as NASA-airforce-navy partnership, and “Nellis Affair,” North American awarded contract for, pilots for, presentation about, at Conference on the Peaceful Use of Space, and ratings of Armstrong, sidearm controller for, simulators for, Thompson’s book about White’s (Bob) flight in, and Yeager-Armstrong flight
X-20 program, See also Dyna-Soar
XF-H. See
XLR engine
XLR rocket engine
Yeager, Charles E. “Chuck” : as air force pilot, Armstrong’s flight with, Armstrong’s views of and ARPS autobiography Bikle’s views of, and Challengerinvestigation A flight of, and Mercury project and Paine Commission and Rogers Commission Vensel’s flight with, views about Armstrong of views about NACA/NASA research pilot culture, and Wolfe’s The Right Stuff program and program
YF A supersonic fighter
YF
Yokosuka Japan
Yorty, Sam
Young, Barbara Vincent White
Young, John W.: as Apollo backup and Apollo and Apollo and Apollo astronaut assignment of, astronaut trainings of and and Gemini program Houston home of and LLTV as navy pilot, personal and professional background of, press conferences of, and Slayton’s meeting about Apollo program and Space Shuttle flight
Yow, Mrs. John
YRF-F
Yuhl, Eric
Zedekar, Raymond
Zehetner, Howard “Howie,”
Zenner, Harold J.
“Zero-g Airplane” (“Vomit Comet”)
Zimmerman, Don Z.
Zint, Jacob
Zond flights (Soviet Union)
Zwez, John
Photo Credits
Grateful acknowledgment is made to the following for permission to reproduce photographs:
June Armstrong Hoffmann: 1–10, 12–15, 24–26, 32, 40, 45, 70–71
K. K. Solacoff: 11
William A. Mackey: 16–19
National Aeronautics and Space Administration: 20–23, 27–31, 33, 35–39, 41–44, 47, 48, 50–58, 60–69, 72, 73
Michael Esslinger: 34
Edmund Osinski: 46
Time-Life, Inc.: 49U.S. Geological Survey: 59
Neil A. Armstrong: 74
Photographic Inserts
Armstrong’s paternal grandfather, Willis Armstrong.
“Grandma Laura” Koenig.
Martin August Engel was mourned by his only child, Viola.
Caroline Katter Engel Korspeter.
Viola Engel Armstrong, making her first communion at age six (left) and as a young teenager (right).
Wedding portrait of Stephen (left) and Viola (seated). Stephen’s younger sister, Mary Barbara, was maid of honor; Guy Briggs, best man. October 8, 1929.
Viola with baby Neil, six weeks old, in Warren, Ohio, September 1930.
Dean, Neil, and June Armstrong, 1936.
Neil’s first birthday, August 5, 1931.
Upper Sandusky’s Wolf Patrol (Ohio Boy Scout Troop 25). Top row, left to right: Jim Kraus, Gene Blue, Dick Tucker, Jack Stecher, Neil Armstrong. Bottom row: Kotcho Solacoff and Jack Strasser. October 1943.
The Mississippi Moonshiners (left to right) Jerre Maxson, trombone; Neil Armstrong, baritone; Bob Gustafson, trombone; and Jim Mougey, clarinet.
Midshipman Second Class Armstrong, with his grandmother Caroline Korspeter, took leave in Ohio, spring 1950.
Twenty-year-old Ensign Neil Armstrong climbs into a Panther jet for a mission over North Korea.
Armstrong’s leather aviator jacket displays the “Screaming Eagle,” the symbol of Fighter Squadron 51.
During the Essex cruise, Armstrong (front row, third from left) was among fourteen VF-51 pilots who made 100 or more carrier landings: Bill Bowers, Bob Kaps, Neil, Wiley Scott, Bill Mackey, Danny Marshall, Bob Rostine; (back row) Tom Hayward, Skipper Ernie Beauchamp, Benny Sevilla, Don McNaught, Ernie Russell, Frank Jones, and Herschel Gott.
In the Essex ready room, Neil, “Wam” Mackey, and Ken “K.C.” Kramer prepare to launch with the Air Group Commander Marshall Beebe (second from left).
Armstrong enjoys a lighter moment with fellow VF-51 aviator Hersh Gott.
Armstrong was serving below deck when a Banshee jet fatally crashed into fully fueled planes parked aboard the Essex on Sunday evening, September 16, 1951.
At the High-Speed Flight Station, Armstrong astride an innovative flight simulator dubbed the “Iron Cross.”
Armstrong flew all four of the “Century Series” aircraft: the North American F-100 Super Sabre (lower center), McDonnell F-101 Voodoo (top center), Convair F-102 Voodoo (right), and Lockheed F-104 Starfighter (left).
The X-15 launching from a B-52 aircraft at 45,000 feet.
Armstrong in the cockpit of
the X-15-1, December 1961.
Twenty-seven-year-old Janet Shearon Armstrong makes the best of her mountain cabin kitchen, Juniper Hills, California, 1961.
(left) Neil holds Karen, “Muffie,” during a family outing in 1959; (right) Karen, Christmas 1961, weeks before her death.
Astronaut Armstrong undergoes weight and balance tests in the Pyrotechnic Installation Building, Kennedy Space Center, February 1966.
Armstrong and Dave Scott designed their own logo for the Gemini VIII mission, a light spectrum emanating from the mythological twins Castor and Pollux.
Command pilot Armstrong (foreground) and David R. Scott, pilot, walk up the ramp at Pad 19 for the Gemini VIII launch, March 16, 1966.
View of the Agena target-docking vehicle as seen from Gemini VIII prior to history’s first docking in space.
Scott (left) and Armstrong stand on the deck of their recovery ship, the destroyer U.S.S. Leonard F. Mason.
Neil holds up his newsprint likeness during the Wapakoneta celebration of his Gemini VIII flight.
The “amiable strangers” of Apollo 11: (left to right) Armstrong, Collins, and Aldrin.
The official Apollo 11 portrait, signed later by each of the crew members.
Armstrong flies the LLTV, June 16, 1969, exactly one month prior to the Apollo 11 launch date.
Triggering his malfunctioning LLTV’s rocket-powered ejection seat, Armstrong parachutes to safety, May 6, 1968.
Wearing an Extravehicular Mobility Unit, Armstrong simulates collection of a lunar surface sample, Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston, April 18, 1969.
Armstrong examines a geologic field sample, Sierra Blanca, Texas, February 1969.
The “neutral strangers”: Neil and Buzz train in Houston, April 22, 1969.
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