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The Man Who Loved China: The Fantastic Story of the Eccentric Scientist

Page 32

by Simon Winchester


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  Webster, Donovan. The Burma Road: The Epic Story of the China-Burma-India Theater in World War II. New York: HarperCollins, 2003.

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  Whitfield, Susan. The Silk Road: Trade, Travel, War, and Faith. London: British Library, 2004.

  Whitfield, Susan, and Ursula Sims-Williams, eds. The Silk Road: Trade, Travel, War, and Faith. Chicago, IL: Serindia, 2004.

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  Searchable Terms

  Note: Entries in this index, carried over verbatim from the print edition of this title, are unlikely to correspond to the pagination of any given e-book reader. However, entries in this index, and other terms, may be easily located by using the search feature of your e-book reader.

  abacus, 68, 70

  Academia Sinica, 91, 93, 174, 175

  Alley, Rewi, 111–16, 124, 125, 147, 264

  Baillie School and, 116, 117, 127n.27

  on his precarious position in China, 114

  homosexuality of, 112, 117n.23

  photo, 115

  work with Chinese guerrilla industries, 112–15, 211

  American Historical Review, 224

  Aylward, Gladys, 118n.24, 120n.25

  Anderson, Hugh, 18

  Anyang tombs, 91–92

  aerodynamics and flying, Chinese, 1

  Attlee, Clement, 32

  Auden, W. H., 112

  awards and honors, Joseph Needham’s, 28–29, 197, 238–40, 250, 251

  Bacon, Francis, 8

  Baillie, Joseph, 115

  Baillie Schools, 83, 115–17, 118n.24, 127n.27

  Balazs, Étienne, 261

  Balkh, fabled city of, 134

  Bao Pu Zi, 1

  Bao River, 110

  Barnes, E. W., 13, 14

  Bauer, Peter, 229

  Beijing, China, pinyin term, 225n.47

  Belden, Jack, 58

  Bell, Vanessa, 230n.51

  Beltz, Ed, 103, 125

  Beria, Lavrenty, 213–14

  Bernal, J. D., 32

  Bessemer, Henry, 185

  Bevan, Nye, 32

  Biochemical Institute, Cambridge University, 20, 21, 35–36, 37

  Biochemistry and Morphogenesis (J. Needham), 50

  biological agents, accusations of U.S. use of, in Korean War, 199–216

  early Chinese use of biological agents and, 199

  biological agents

  Japanese use of biological agents, and, 101

  Joseph Needham’s role in investigating, 203–12, 220

  U.S. research into, and ultimate decision to ban, 202, 203n.43

  voles as disease vector, 200–202

  Birds of South China, The (Caldwell), 149

  Bish, Stanley, 250, 251–52

  Black Crow Sand Pass, 127

  Bland-Sutton, John, 15–16

  Blincoe, Alfred, 16, 17

  bombs, biological agents in Chinese, 199

  Book of Changes, 191

  Book of the Mystery-Penetrating Master, The, 192

  books and manuscripts

  earliest Chinese book (Diamond Sutra), 101–2, 131, 138–39

  Joseph Needham’s collection of Chinese, 151, 174–177, 194–95, 242–44, 248–49

  Boston, Richard, 224

  botany, Chinese, 61, 65–66, 155–56

  Bray, Francesca, 233

  work on Science and Civilisation in China, 241–42, 244

  bridges, Chinese, 11, 121–22, 185–86

  British Academy, Joseph Needham elected to, 238

  Britain-China Friendship Association, 226

  British Council, 53

  British Foreign Office, 53, 209

  British Museum, Aurel Stein’s collecting expedition for, 135–40

  British Peace Society, 227

  Brook, Charles, 18

  Brooke, Christopher, 180

  Bryan, Derek, marriage to Liao Hongying, and their advocacy for China, 142–43, 226

  Buck, Pearl, 38

  Buddhism and Buddhists in China, 130–32

  Burbidge, Peter, 196

  Burma Road, 79

  Caius College, Cambridge University, 18, 32, 173–74, 224

  College Council, 229

  Joseph Needham elected president of fellows of (1959), 229–31

  Joseph Needham’s oil portrait at, 241

  Joseph Needham’s rooms at, 38, 168–70

  Joseph Needham’s status at, 124, 168–73, 220–24, 228–32

  tradition of ancient gates used by individuals from, 242–43

  Caldwell, John, 149

  calipers, Chinese, 187 Cambridge Review, 217

  Cambridge University. See also Caius College, Cambridge University

  “Blue” award at, 73n.15

  Joseph Needham enters, as student, 4, 17–28

  Joseph Needham’s return to, after diplomatic mission to China, 166–67

  Joseph Needham’s status at, 124, 168–73, 220–24, 228–32

  students at, in 1968 era of social movements, 231

  Cambridge University Press, publisher of Science and Civilisation in China

  decision to continue publishing, 242

  expansion of Science and Civilisation in China volumes, 192–93<
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  initial proposal for, 170, 171, 172, 173

  monographs emerging from Science and Civilisation in China, 192n.40

  Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, 227

  Campbell, Malcolm, 22

  camels, 127

  Carnegie Institution, 212

  Celestial Lancets: A History of Acupuncture, 192n.40

  Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), United States, 166, 212

  ceramics, Chinese, 120

  chain drive, Chinese, 185

  Chambers, Frank, 17

  Chang’an, China, 100n19, 128, 132, 161. See also Xi’an, China

  Chang Jiang River. See Yangzi River

  Chatley, Herbert, 196 Chemical Embryology (J. Needham), 28, 180

  Chengdu, Sichuan Province, Needham’s visit to, 81–82

  Chen Lun, 70

  chess (game), Chinese xiangqi, 187

  Chiang Kai-shek (Nationalist Chinese leader), 40, 47, 73, 78, 95, 102, 115, 128, 141, 142, 198

  Chi Chhoa-Ting, 196

  Chidzey, Blanche, 26

  Childers, Erskine, 19

  Children of Huang Shi, The (film), 118n.24

  China. See also Nationalist government, China; People’s Republic of China

  British mission to academics in, 51–54

  changes in, since Joseph Needham’s first visit, 253–57

  economy in World War II-era, 95–96

  industry in World War II-era, 112–14

  Japanese invasion and occupation of, iv, 7, 46–48, 51, 63, 76, 77–79, 112, 143–46, 149, 151–55

  Joseph Needham expedition to northwestern, 100–43

  Joseph Needham expedition to southeastern, 143–55

  Joseph Needham expedition to southwestern, 155–57

  maps of, iv, 62–63, 101

  Needham Question regarding science and technology in, 37–38, 57, 157, 190, 222, 259–62

  revolution of 1911, 7

  scientific and technological achievements, 8–9 (see also inventions, Chinese)

  scientific and technological future of, 262–65

  states, kingdoms, and dynasties (see Appendix II)

  unchanging aspects of, 257–62

  western perceptions of, and prejudices about, 7–9, 222–24

  China advocates

  Derek Bryan and Liao Hongying as, 103, 105, 125

  Joseph Needham as, 48–49, 50, 94–96, 225–28, 234–37

  China Inland Mission, 110 China Monthly Review, 215

  China National Aviation Corporation, 1, 141

  China Travel Service, 106, 147 Chin Chuan So Chi (Li Xinheng), 121–22

  Chinese Academy of Sciences, 203

  Chinese Industrial Cooperative (CIC), 113–14

  Chinese language

  calligraphy, 44–45, 265

  Joseph Needham’s study of, 39–45

  Joseph Needham’s typewriter and transliteration of, 178n.37

  modern, 257

  names and, 40–41

  origin of phrase gung ho, 113

  pinyin for Beijing, 225n.47

  transliteration of, 42n.8

  Chinese people

  attitudes of, 258–59

  bureaucracy and attitudes of, toward government, 87–88

  ingenuity of, 86

  modern, 258

  opinions of, about Japanese, 76–77

  scientists, 94, 203–4, 207, 214–15

  “traits” of, 133

  water and hydraulics in history of, 105–9

  Chinese Turkestan (Xinjiang),

  Joseph Needham expedition to, 100–43

  Chinghua University Radio Research Institute, 98

  Chongqing, China, 47

  as World War II-era capital of China, 75–77

  contemporary, 253–57

  Japanese attacks on World War II-era, 4–5, 76–77

  Joseph Needham’s arrival in World War II-era, 1–6, 9–10, 71–75

  Joseph Needham’s description of, 80

  rats in, 80n.17

  Christians and Christianity in China, 110

  Chun Qiu Fan Lu (Dong Zhongshu), 168

  Chungking, 2. See also Chongqing, China

  Churchill, Winston, 54, 71, 97

  Cicero affair, 48n.10

  Cinnabar Mountains, 127

  Clark-Kerr, Archibald, 112

  Cold War International History Project, Carnegie Institution, 212

  Columbia University, 211–12

  Communist Party, British, 33

  Communist Party and government, Chinese, 95, 99, 176n.35, 198, 222–23. See also Mao Zedong (Chinese Communist leader); People’s Republic of China; Zhou Enlai (Chinese Communist leader)

  Companionship of Honor awarded to Joseph Needham, 250

  compass, Chinese magnetic, 97, 183–84, 186

  Complete Books of the Four Imperial Repositories, The (Siku Quanshu), 176n.36

  Confucius and Confucianism, 128, 156, 191

  Complete Collection of Illustrations and Writings of Ancient and Modern Times, The (Chinese imperial encyclopedia), 176–77

  Cook, Stanley, 221

  Cornford, John, 33

  Cornford-McLaurin Fund, 33, 34

  Corps of Messengers, British, 71

  Cort, J. H., 227

  Crescent Moon Lake, 129

  Crick, Francis, 240

  Crook, David, 58

  Crowther, J. G., 53, 54, 57, 164

  Cullen, Christopher, 251

  Cultural Revolution (1966–1976), 231, 234, 235

  names given to children during, 40n.7

  Czechoslovakia, “Prague Spring” in (1968), 231

  Dadu River, 85, 186

  Daily Worker (Britain), 57

  Daoism, 191, 192

  Daquan River, 129

  Darwinism, 13, 14

  Deng Xiaoping (Chinese Communist leader), 237

  Diamond Sutra, 101–2, 131, 138–39

  Dictionary of National Biography (DNB), 230n.51

  Diebold, John, 248, 249

  dinosaur fossil Lufengosaurus, 156

  DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), double helix model of, 240

  Dong Zhongshu, 168

  Driberg, Tom, 233

  Dujiangyan irrigation project, 108, 109

  Dunhuang oasis and caves, 101, 102, 105, 128–32, 134–39

  East Asian History of Science trust, 243–44

  Eden, Anthony, 56

  Eggleston, Frederick, 87

  elements, five Chinese, 168

  Elers, Peter, 233

  Ellis, Havelock, 32

  Emblica officinalis, 155

  encyclopedia, imperial Chinese, 176–77

  English Gymnosophist Society, 22

  Epidemic Prevention Bureau, Lanzhou, China, 122

  erotic texts, Chinese Daoist, 192

  explorations, Chinese seagoing, 186, 194

  extraterritoriality as legal concept, 72n.14

  Far Eastern Survey, 228

  Far East War Council, 54

  Fessel, Klaus, 196

  Fire-Drake Manual, The 199

  Fisher, Ronald, 179–80

  fishing reel, Chinese, 186

  Fitch, James, 196

  Foot, Dingle, 32

  foot-binding practice in China, 119–20

  Forster, E. M. 32

  Fort Detrick, Maryland, chemical warfare research center at, 203

  Foster, Dorothy, 20

  Foster (Snow), Helen, 112, 113

  Fox, Munro, 221

  Franklin, Rosalind, 240

  Franklin, Sidney, 38

  Freedom of Information Act, U.S., 212

  French Indochina, 79, 156

  fuels used on Joseph Needham’s Chinese expeditions, 103n.20

  Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China, Joseph Needham’s expedition to, 143–55

  danger of approaching Japanese troops, 143–46, 149, 151–55

  incident at Xiang River bridge, Hengyang, 152–54

  map, 144

  Gang of Four, 235

  Gao, Kimmie, 81

&nb
sp; Gaselee, Stephen, 58

  Gate of Sorrows, 128

  Gauss, Clarence, 99

  Ge Hong, 1

  George IV, British king, 197

  gimbals, Chinese, 186–87

  Glukhov, KGB agent, 212, 213

  Gobi Desert, 122, 126, 128, 263

  Gollancz, Victor, 32, 49

  Goes, Bento de, 264

  Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge University, 18, 169, 228, 242

  Good Earth, The (Buck), 38

  Grand Canal, 184

  Great Britain

  Battle of the Tennis Court against Japanese, 155n.31

  embassy in World War II-era Chongqing, 71–77

  response of, to founding of People’s Republic of China, 226n.49

  Great Astronomical Clocks of Mediaeval China, The, 192n.40

  Great Canon of the Yongle Emperor’s Era, The (Yongle dadien), 176n.36

  Great Leap Forward economic plan, People’s Republic of China, 234

  Great Wall, 126–27, 128

  Guangdong Province, China, 143, 158

  Guang Wei (Joseph Needham’s driver), 102

  Guangzhou, China, 51

  Guanyin (Buddhist goddess), 156 Guan Zi, 44

  guerilla industries, Chinese, 112–14

  Guild of Saint Luke, 19

  Gujin tushu jicheng, 176 gung ho, origin of phrase, 113

  Gung Ho cooperatives, 114–15, 211

  gunpowder, Chinese, 92

  Guo Moruo (scientist), role in accusing United States of biological warfare, 203–5

  Gutenberg, Johannes, 218

  Gwynne-Vaughan, Helen, 148

 

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