Tinsley E. Yarbrough, David Hackett Souter: Traditional Republican on the Rehnquist Court (Oxford University Press, 2005).
Tinsley E. Yarbrough, The Rehnquist Court and the Constitution (Oxford University Press, 2000).
Robert Zelnick, “Whizzer White and the Fearsome Foursome,” Washington Monthly, vol. 4, no. 10 (December 1972), pp. 46-54.
201 [“above politics”] : “Conversation with Newsmen,” May 22, 1969, in Nixon, Public Papers (U.S. Government Printing Office, 1971-75), vol. 1969, pp. 389-99, quoted at pp. 391, 392.
202 [“gone too far”] : Robert B. Semple, Jr., “Nixon Decries ‘Lawless Society’ and Urges Limited Wiretapping,” New York Times, May 9, 1968, pp. 1, 32, quoted at p. 1; see also, e.g., “Nixon Denounces Humphrey Views,” ibid., September 7, 1968, pp. 1, 20.
203 [“all deliberate speed”] : Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (II), 349 U.S. 294 (1955), quoted at 301.
203 [“Our personal opinions”] : “Radio and Television Address to the American People on the Situation in Little Rock,” September 24, 1957, in Eisenhower, Public Papers (U.S. Government Printing Office, 1958-61), vol. 1957, pp. 689-94, quoted at p. 690.
203 [“busing the child”] : quoted in Ambrose, vol. 2, p. 169.
203 [“Court will not be used”] : “Conversation with Newsmen,” May 22, 1969, p. 391.
204 [“come out ahead”] : entry of November 21, 1969, in H. R. Haldeman, Diaries: Inside the Nixon White House (G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1994), p. 110.
204 [“play it very tough”] : ibid.
204 [“real Southern judge”] : quoted in Simon, In His Own Image, p. 116.
204 [“absurd constructionist”] : quoted in ibid., p. 122.
204 [“Even if he were mediocre”] : Spencer Rich, “Hruska Calls Foes of Carswell Unfair,” Washington Post, March 17, 1970, p. A2.
204 [“I have reluctantly”] : “Remarks to Reporters About Nominations to the Supreme Court,” April 9, 1970, in Nixon, Public Papers, vol. 1970, p. 345.
206 [“right of society”] : quoted in Dean, p. 269.
206 [Nixon on Rehnquist] : ibid., p. 86; and transcript of recorded conversation between Nixon and John Ehrlichman, July 24, 1971, in Abraham, p. 268.
206 [“salt away”] : Ehrlichman, quoted in Dean, p. 139.
207 [“was right”] : quoted in ibid., p. 275.
207 [“be as mean”] : quoted in Tushnet, p. 31.
207 [“4 more years”] : “Remarks at Ontario, California,” November 4, 1972, in Nixon, Public Papers, vol. 1972, pp. 1129-34, quoted at p. 1133.
208 [“would have to stand”] : Burger to Douglas, note of December 18, 1971, quoted in Garrow, Liberty and Sexuality, p. 534.
208 [“sweeping consequences”] : Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973), quoted at 208.
208 [“sensitive and emotional”] : ibid., quoted at 116.
209 [“raw judicial power”] : ibid., quoted at 222.
210 [Nixon] : 418 U.S. 683 (1974), quoted at 703.
210 [“last hound dog”] : Douglas, The Court Years, 1939-1975 (Random House, 1980), p. 377.
211 [“most qualified woman”] : “Transcript of Ronald Reagan’s Remarks at News Conference in Los Angeles,” New York Times, October 15, 1980, p. A24.
212 [“interpret the law”] : memo on judicial selection criteria, June 18, 1981, quoted in Yalof, p. 138.
212 [“personally repugnant”] : quoted in McFeatters, p. 4.
212 [“most conservative woman”] : quoted in Savage, p. 114.
212 [Akron] : 462 U.S. 416 (1983), quoted at 463.
213 [“refusal to create”]: quoted in Yalof, pp. 143, 144.
213 [“Original Intention”] : Meese, “The Attorney General’s View of the Supreme Court: Toward a Jurisprudence of Original Intention,” Public Administration Review, vol. 45 (November 1985), pp. 701-4.
213 [“arrogance cloaked”] : quoted in Clark, p. 270.
213 [Rehnquist on interpreting the First Amendment] : Savage, p. 150.
213 [“paradigmatic example”] : quoted in Greenburg, p. 41.
213 [“generally rudderless”] : “Report on Justice William Rehnquist,” quoted in Yalof, p. 150.
214 [“commitment to principles”] : quoted in Greenburg, p. 44.
214 [“archconservative Catholic”] : William Stern, quoted in Irvin Molotsky, “Judge with Tenacity and Charm,” New York Times, June 18, 1986, p. A31.
214 [Scalia as “perfect”] : quoted in Greenburg, p. 42.
215 [“determined moderate”] : Stuart Taylor, Jr., “Opening for Reagan,” New York Times, June 27, 1987, pp. 1, 32, quoted at p. I.
215 [“evenhanded”] : “Remarks Announcing the Nomination of Robert H. Bork,” July 1, 1987, in Reagan, Public Papers (U.S. Government Printing Office, 1982-91), vol. 1987, p. 736.
215 [“Robert Bork’s America”] : Congressional Record, 100th Congress, 1st session, vol. 133, no. 110, July 1, 1987, p. S9188.
215 [“they’ll object to”] : “Remarks to New Jersey Republican State Committee,” October 13, 1987, in Reagan, Public Papers, vol. 1987, pp. 1172-75, quoted at p. 1175.
216 [“disturbing aspects”] : quoted in Greenburg, p. 55.
216 [Conservative bloc voting, 1988, 1989] : Hensley, p. 15.
216 [Croson] : 488 U.S. 469 (1989).
216 [Decisions on searches and religious liberty] : Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives’ Association, 489 U.S. 602 (1989) and National Treasury Employees Union v. Von Raab, 489 U.S. 656 (1989); Employment Division, Oregon Department of Human Resources v. Smith, 494 U.S. 872 (1990).
216 [Webster] : 492 U.S. 490 (1989), O’Connor’s concurrence quoted at 526; Blackmun’s dissent at 538.
217 [“home run”] : Philip Shenon, “Conservative Says Sununu Assured Him on Souter,” New York Times, August 24, 1990, p. A15.
218 [“high-tech lynching”] : “Excerpts from Senate’s Hearings on the Thomas Nomination,” New York Times, October 12, 1991, p. 14.
219 [Payne] : 501 U.S. 808 (1991), Rehnquist’s opinion for the court quoted at 827, 828; Marshall’s dissent at 845, 844, respectively.
219 [Hensley on court’s decisions] : Hensley, p. 20. For this discussion of the conservative bloc’s dissolution, I have relied on Hensley, pp. 18-22.
220 [“Court was mistaken”] : 505 U.S. 833 (1992), Rehnquist’s opinion—joined by White, Scalia, and Thomas—quoted at 953.
220 [“decision to overrule”] : ibid., 869, 846, respectively.
220 [“unquestionably qualified”] : Ruth Marcus and Joan Biskupic, “Justice White to Retire After 31 Years,” Washington Post, March 20, 1993, pp. A1, A12, quoted at p. A12.
221 [“emotional connection”] : Ann Devroy and Ruth Marcus, “After 87 Days, Tortuous Selection Process Came Down to Karma,” ibid., June 15, 1993, p. A11.
221 [“mother to boot”] : quoted in Gillman and Micheletti, p. 658.
221 [“decide the case”] : Neil A. Lewis, “Ginsburg Promises Judicial Restraint If She Joins Court,” New York Times, July 21, 1993, pp. A1, A13, quoted at p. A13.
222 [“principled moderate”] : quoted in “Senate Panel Gives Breyer Its Approval,” ibid., July 20, 1994, p. A10.
223 [Court’s record in striking down federal statutes] : Keck, p. 40 (Table 2.1).
223 [“most activist”] : ibid., passim.
223 [“courts retain the power”] : City of Boerne v. Flores, 521 U.S. 507 (1997), quoted at 536.
CHAPTER TWELVE-HARD RIGHT: THE CHENEY-BUSH COURT
Bruce Ackerman, ed., Bush v. Gore: The Question of Legitimacy (Yale University Press, 2002).
Perry Bacon, Jr., and Mike Allen, “The Cool Fervor of Judge Alito,” Time, vol. 167, no. 3 (January 16, 2006), pp. 40-44.
Thomas E. Baker and John F. Stack, Jr., eds., At War with Civil Rights and Civil Liberties (Rowman & Littlefield, 2006).
Jack M. Balkin, “Bush v. Gore and the Boundary Between Law and Politics,” Yale Law Journal, vol. 110, no. 8 (June 2001), pp. 1407-58.
Rachel E. Barkow
, “More Supreme than Court? The Fall of the Political Question Doctrine and the Rise of Judicial Supremacy,” Columbia Law Review, vol. 102, no. 2 (March 2002), pp. 237-336.
Jo Becker and Dale Russakoff, “Proving His Mettle in the Reagan Justice Dept.” (Alito), Washington Post, January 9, 2006, pp. A1, A8-9.
E. J. Dionne, Jr., and William Kristol, eds., Bush v. Gore (Brookings Institution Press, 2001).
Ronald Dworkin, ed., A Badly Flawed Election: Debating Bush v. Gore, the Supreme Court, and American Democracy (New Press, 2002).
Ronald Dworkin, “The Supreme Court Phalanx,” New York Review of Books, vol. 54, no. 14 (September 27, 2007), pp. 92-101.
James L. Gibson et al., “The Supreme Court and the US Presidential Election of 2000: Wounds, Self-Inflicted or Otherwise?,” British Journal of Political Science, vol. 33, no. 4 (October 2003), pp. 535-56.
Howard Gillman, The Votes That Counted: How the Court Decided the 2000 Presidential Election (University of Chicago Press, 2001).
Jan Crawford Greenburg, Supreme Conflict: The Inside Story of the Struggle for Control of the United States Supreme Court (Penguin, 2007).
Thomas R. Hensley, The Rehnquist Court: Justices, Rulings, and Legacy (ABC-CLIO, 2006).
Samuel Issacharoff, “Political Judgments,” University of Chicago Law Review, vol. 68, no. 3 (Summer 2001), pp. 637-56.
Thomas M. Keck, The Most Activist Supreme Court in History: The Road to Modern Judicial Conservatism (University of Chicago Press, 2004).
Jerry Landay, “The Conservative Cabal That’s Transforming American Law,” Washington Monthly, vol. 32, no. 3 (March 2000), pp. 19-23.
Simon Lazarus, “More Polarizing than Rehnquist,” American Prospect, vol. 18, no. 5 (May 2007), pp. 23-27.
Eric Lichtblau, Bush’s Law: The Remaking of American Justice (Pantheon, 2008).
Dahlia Lithwick, “Realignment?,” Washington Post National Weekly Edition, June 23-July 6, 2008, p. 25.
Jonathan Mahler, The Challenge: Hamdan v. Rumsfeld and the Fight over Presidential Power (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2008).
Janet Malcolm, “The Art of Testifying,” New Yorker, vol. 82, no. 4 (March 13, 2006), pp. 70-79.
Joseph Margulies, Guantánamo and the Abuse of Presidential Power (Simon and Schuster, 2006).
Thomas R. Marshall, Public Opinion and the Rehnquist Court (State University of New York Press, 2008).
Lois Romano and Juliet Eilperin, “Republicans Were Masters in the Race to Paint Alito,” Washington Post, February 2, 2006, pp. A1, A10.
Jeffrey Rosen, “The Dissenter” (John Paul Stevens), New York Times Magazine, September 23, 2007, pp. 50-57, 72, 76-79, 81.
Jeffrey Rosen, “Narrow Minded: John Roberts Does Obama a Favor,” New Republic, vol. 238, no. 12 (July 9, 2008), pp. 8-11.
Jeffrey Rosen, “Rehnquist the Great?,” Atlantic, vol. 295, no. 3 (April 2005), pp. 79-90.
Jeffrey Rosen, “Supreme Leader: The Arrogance of Justice Anthony Kennedy,” New Republic, vol. 236, no. 18 (June 18, 2007), pp. 16-22.
Charlie Savage, Takeover: The Return of the Imperial Presidency and the Subversion of American Democracy (Little, Brown, 2007).
Louis Seidman, “Romer’s Radicalism: The Unexpected Revival of Warren Court Activism,” Supreme Court Review, vol. 1996 (1996), pp. 67-121.
Cass R. Sunstein and Richard A. Epstein, eds., The Vote: Bush, Gore, and the Supreme Court (University of Chicago Press, 2001).
Jeffrey Toobin, The Nine: Inside the Secret World of the Supreme Court (Doubleday, 2007).
Mark Tushnet, ed., The Constitution in Wartime: Beyond Alarmism and Complacency (Duke University Press, 2005).
Mark Tushnet, A Court Divided: The Rehnquist Court and the Future of Constitutional Law (W. W. Norton, 2005).
David Von Drehle, “Inside the Incredibly Shrinking Role of the Supreme Court,” Time, vol. 170, no. 17 (October 22, 2007), pp. 40-49.
225 [“unsought responsibility”] : Bush v. Gore, 531 U.S. 98 (2000), majority opinion quoted at 111.
226 [“respect for federalism”] : ibid., Rehnquist’s concurrence quoted at 112.
226 [“fundamental right”] : ibid., majority opinion quoted at 105, 109.
227 [“threaten irreparable harm”] : Supreme Court’s grant of certiorari, 531 U.S. 1046 (2000), quoted at 1047.
227 [“if not disposed of ”] : Bush v. Gore, quoted at 133.
227 [“Congress, being a political body”] : ibid., quoted at 155.
227 [“wholly without merit”] : ibid., quoted at 128, 127, 128-29, respectively.
228 [Gore’s concession] : transcript in New York Times, December 14, 2000, p. A26.
228 [“Desirable result”] : DiIulio, “Equal Protection Run Amok,” Weekly Standard, December 25, 2000, reprinted in Dionne and Kristol, pp. 321-23, quoted at p. 323.
228 [“legitimizing symbols”] : Gibson et al., p. 553.
228 [2001 term cases] : Whitman v. American Trucking Associations, 531 U.S. 457 (2001) (environmental law); Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama v. Garrett, 531 U.S. 356 (2001) (disability discrimination suits); Atwater v. City of Lago Vista, 532 U.S. 318 (2001) (full arrests for misdemeanors); FEC v. Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee, 533 U.S. 431 (2001) (campaign finance law); see also Linda Greenhouse, “The High Court and the Triumph of Discord,” New York Times, July 15, 2001, sect. 4, pp. 1, 4; Charles Lane, “Laying Down the Law, Justices Ruled with Confidence,” Washington Post, July 1, 2001, p. A6.
230 [“strictly interpret”] : “Transcript of Debate Between Vice President Gore and Governor Bush,” New York Times, October 4, 2000, pp. A30-33, quoted at p. A31.
230 [Bush’s favorite justices] : Robert S. Greenberger and Jackie Calmes, “Next President Likely to Tip Balance of Supreme Court,” Wall Street Journal, October 2, 2000, p. A36.
230 [“forum for ideas”] : executive director Eugene Meyer, quoted in Landay, p. 23.
231 [Michelman-Bopp exchange] : Robin Toner and Neil A. Lewis, “Lobbying Starts as Groups Foresee Vacancy on Court,” New York Times, June 8, 2003, pp. 1, 36, quoted at p. 36.
231 [“prayer offensive”] : “Evangelist Calls for New Court,” New York Times, July 16, 2003, p. A12.
232 [Romer] : 517 U.S. 620 (1996), quoted at 633.
232 [Boerne] : 521 U.S. 507 (1997).
232 [Lawrence] : 539 U.S. 558 (2003), Kennedy quoted at 579; Scalia’s dissent at 602. The precedent overturned was Bowers v. Hardwick, 478 U.S. 186 (1986).
232 [“most dangerous man”] : quoted in Jason DeParle, “In Battle to Pick Next Justice, Right Says Avoid a Kennedy,” New York Times, June 27, 2005, pp. A1, A12, quoted at p. A12.
233 [Cheney’s vetting of potential nominees] : see Jo Becker and Barton Gellman, “Taking on the Supreme Court Case,” Washington Post, June 26, 2007, p. A10.
233 [Rasul] : 542 U.S. 466 (2004).
233 [Hamdi] : 542 U.S. 507 (2004), O’Connor’s opinion quoted at 536; Scalia’s at 578.
234 [“don’t think we need”] : quoted in Greenburg, pp. 19, 20.
235 [“comprehensive philosophy”] : ibid., p. 191.
235 [“Geneva Convention cannot”] : Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, 415 F.3d 33 (D.C. Circuit 2005), quoted at 39.
235 [“good colleague”] : quoted in Greenburg, p. 205.
236 [“settled law”] : “I Believe No One Is Above the Law Under Our System,” excerpts from Roberts’s Senate confirmation hearings, New York Times, September 14, 2005, quoted at p. A26.
236 [“They make sure”] : “I Come Before the Committee with No Agenda. I Have No Platform,” transcript of Roberts’s opening statement to Senate Judiciary Committee, New York Times, September 13, 2005, p. A28.
236 [“narrow and cramped”] : Sheryl Gay Stolberg and Adam Liptak, “Roberts Fields Questions on Privacy and Precedents,” New York Times, September 14, 2005, pp. A1, A25, quoted at p. A25.
236 [“invincible pleasantness”] : Malcolm, p. 72.
237 [“servant’s mentality”] : Ron Key,
quoted in Richard A. Serrano et al., “Few Clues to Miers’ Convictions,” Los Angeles Times, October 6, 2005, pp. A1, A16-17, quoted at p. A16.
237 [“I know her heart”] : “President Nominates Harriet Miers as Supreme Court Justice,” October 3, 2005, http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases /2005 /10 /20051003.html
237 [“president’s secretary”] : see Greenburg, p. 269.
238 [“deep interest”] : David D. Kirkpatrick, “1985 Document Opens a Window to Alito’s Views,” New York Times, November 15, 2005, pp. A1, A21, quoted at p. A21.
238 [“one of the most outstanding”] : quoted in Becker and Russakoff, p. A1.
238 [“He was on the bench”] : quoted in Toobin, p. 300.
238 [“repugnant”] : Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey, 505 U.S. 833 (1992), quoted at 898; see also Toobin, pp. 299-300.
238 [“radical right”] : Ralph G. Neas, president of People for the American Way, quoted in Romano and Eilperin, p. A10.
239 [Dworkin on conservative “phalanx”] : Dworkin, “Supreme Court Phalanx,” p. 92.
239 [School integration case] : Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1, No. 05-908, slip opinion (U.S. June 28, 2007).
239 [Exclusionary rule case] : Hudson v. Michigan, 547 U.S. 586 (2006).
239 [Filing deadline case] : Bowles v. Russell, No. 06-5306, slip opinion (U.S. June 14, 2007).
239 [Free speech cases] : Garcetti v. Ceballos, 547 U.S. 410 (2006); and Morse v. Frederick, No. 06-278, slip opinion (U.S. June 25, 2007).
239 [“Faith-based” funding case] : Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation, No. 06-157, slip opinion (U.S. June 25, 2007).
239 [“Partial-birth” abortion case] : Gonzales v. Carhart, No. 05-380, slip opinion (U.S. April 18, 2007).
239 [Heller] : No. 07-290, slip opinion (U.S. June 26, 2008).
240 [“wishes of the people’s representatives”] : Adam Liptak, “Ruling on Guns Elicits Rebuke from the Right,” New York Times, October 21, 2008, pp. A1, A15, quoted at p. A15.
240 [“freewheeling discretion”] : Posner, “In Defense of Looseness,” New Republic, vol. 239, no. 3 (August 27, 2008), pp. 32-35, quoted at p. 32.
Packing the Court: The Rise of Judicial Power and the Coming Crisis of the Supreme Court Page 33