Delphi Complete Works of Dionysius of Halicarnassus (Illustrated) (Delphi Ancient Classics Book 79)

by Dionysius of Halicarnassus

  μῖγμα. 208 18. Mixture, blend. Lat. mistura. Cp. μῖξις 130 25, 166 9; and also D.H. . It is possible that Dionysius may have written μεῖγμα, as in earlier Greek: in Ep. ad Pomp. c. 2 it is to be noticed that the manuscripts give δεῖγμα, where the sense clearly calls for μεῖγμα.

  μικρόκομψος. 90 20. Affected, finical. Lat. bellulus.

  μικρολογία. 266 11. Trifling, pettiness. Lat. rerum minutarum cura. In Theophrastus’ Characters the word is used of attention to trifles on the part of the mean or parsimonious man. Cp. also Demetr. , s.v. μικρολογεῖν.

  μικρόφωνος. 142 9. Small-voiced, non-resonant. Lat. qui vocem habet exiguam, sonum exiliorem.

  μίμημα. 160 2. Imitation. Lat. imitamentum. [F.’s reading here is μηνύματα, ‘expressions which indicate’: cp. de Demosth. c. 51 init.]

  μιμητικός. 158 4, 11, 200 11. Imitative. Lat. ad imitandum aptus. So μιμητικῶς 202 1.

  μνημεῖον. 266 7. Memorial. Lat. monumentum.

  μολοττός. 172 1, 184 4. Molossus. Lat. molossus. The metrical foot – – –.

  μονογράμματος. 152 20. Consisting of a single letter. Lat. qui unius est litterae.

  μονόμετρος. 270 23. Consisting of one metre. Lat. monometer. Applicable to poems, like the Iliad and the Aeneid, which are written throughout in a single metre.

  μονοσύλλαβος. 168 11, 202 14. Monosyllabic. Lat. monosyllabus.

  μόριον. 70 10, 96 3, 98 6, 106 11, 12, passim. Part, especially part of speech. Lat. pars, pars orationis. The meaning ‘part of speech’ appears in such passages as ποῖον ὄνομα ἢ ῥῆμα ἢ τῶν ἄλλων τι μορίων (106 12), τὰ μόρια τοῦ λόγου (110 1), ἓν μόριον λόγου (126 7), πᾶν ὄνομα καὶ ῥῆμα καὶ ἄλλο μόριον λέξεως (168 10). ‘Words’ simply might serve as a rendering in many cases, except that it is usually well to preserve Dionysius’ idea of ‘words in their syntactical relations,’ ‘words in a sentence.’ In 232 18 the meaning may be ‘in every word’: so 130 7, 134 25, 220 3, 222 10, 224 11.

  μοῦσα. 126 16, 252 20. Music, melody. Lat. musica concinnitas. So μουσική 124 20, 128 18; ὁ μουσικός 138 6.

  μυγμός. 138 10. A moaning, muttering, murmur, humming. Lat. gemitus. Cp. Demetr. , and Aesch. Eum. 117, 120.

  μύκημα. 158 13. Bellowing. Lat. mugitus.

  νεαρός. 66 16, 246 5. Youthful. Lat. iuvenilis. Cp. note on μειρακιώδης in D.H. .

  νήτη. 210 7. Lowest note. Lat. ima chorda. See L. & S. s.v. νεάτη.

  νόημα. 66 5, 74 16, 84 6, 92 17, 112 15, 264 16. Idea. Lat. sententia. Cp. νόησις (thought, perception) 74 3, 268 9; and D.H. .

  νοῦς. 212 15, 276 1, 8. Meaning. Lat. sententia. Fr. sens, pensée.

  ξένος. 78 17, 252 24, 272 11. Foreign, strange, unfamiliar. Lat. peregrinus, inusitatus, arcessitus. Cp. D.H. , Demetr. , and Classical Review xviii. 20 (as to ξενικός).

  οἰκεῖος. 110 13, 126 1, 134 20, 140 12, 154 19, 158 2, 168 7. Akin, appropriate, fitting. Lat. cognatus, domesticus, decorus. So οἰκείως 72 8, 118 14, 134 10: οἰκειότης 122 21, 240 7: οἰκειοῦν 122 17. If the metaphors are to be fully pressed, we might render οἰκεῖα καὶ φίλα in 110 13 by ‘to seem loving members of the same family,’ and οἰκείως in 118 14 by ‘in harmony with their inner significance.’ In 122 21 οἰκειότης is ‘a natural inclination or instinct.’ On 122 17 there is the following scholium in M: οἰκειοῦται ἀντὶ τοῦ εὐσταθῶς ἥδεται. In 126 1 τὸ οἰκεῖον (appropriateness) seems almost to stand for τὸ πρέπον and to be an illustration of Dionysius’ own love for variety. It is this unusually copious vocabulary of his that does much to relieve the dull monotony of a technical treatise. “In the works of Dionysius, the great representative of a later school of criticism [sc. than that of Aristotle], we meet for the first time a wealth of rhetorical terminology. In his numerous writings we find freely used a fully developed vocabulary, which is completely adequate for the purposes of the professional rhetorician and the broad literary critic” (Larue van Hook Metaphorical Terminology, etc. ).

  οἰκονομεῖν. 176 18. To manage. Lat. administrare, tractare. So οἰκονομία 264 16. Cp. Aristot. Poet. xiii. 6 καὶ ὁ Εὐριπίδης, εἰ καὶ τὰ ἄλλα μὴ εὖ οἰκονομεῖ, ἀλλὰ τραγικώτατός γε τῶν ποιητῶν φαίνεται: Long. de Subl. i. 4 καὶ τὴν τῶν πραγμάτων τάξιν καὶ οἰκονομίαν: Quintil. Inst. Or. iii. 3. 9 “oeconomiae, quae Graece appellata ex cura rerum domesticarum et hic per abusionem posita nomine Latino caret.”

  ὀλιγοσύλλαβος. 132 3. Consisting of few syllables. Lat. qui paucis constat syllabis.

  ὀλιγοσύνδεσμος. 212 21. Sparing in connectives. Lat. qui paucis utitur convinctionibus.

  ὁμογενής. 146 10, 148 9. Of the same race or family. Lat. congener. Cp. ὁμοιογενής (of like kind) 72 24, 132 19, 156 15; also ἀνομοιογενής 132 19.

  ὁμοειδής. 192 18, 198 6, 270 19. Of the same species or kind. Lat. uniformis. So ὁμοείδεια 274 1. Cp. Cic. ad Att. ii. 6 “etenim γεωγραφικά quae constitueram magnum opus est ... et hercule sunt res difficiles ad explicandum et ὁμοειδεῖς nec tam possunt ἀνθηρογραφεῖσθαι quam videbantur.”

  ὁμοζυγία. 176 13, 254 17. Connexion, affinity. Lat. coniugatio.

  ὁμοιοσχήμων. 270 16. Like in shape. Lat. forma consimilis.

  ὁμοιότονος. 132 6. Similarly accented. Lat. qui similis est toni.

  ὁμοιόχρονος. 132 6 (bis). Of like quantity. Lat. qui similia habet tempora.

  ὁμότονος. 128 7. Of the same pitch or accent. Lat. eiusdem toni s. accentus.

  ὁμόφωνος. 128 9. With the same note. Lat. eiusdem chordae s. soni.

  ὄνομα. 66 5, 70 9, 13, 20, 74 12, 84 6 passim. Word, noun. Lat. vocabulum, nomen. In 168 10, 264 5, etc., the meaning is ‘noun’; in 264 3, etc., ‘word.’

  ὀνομασία. 74 17, 234 5, 252 23, 274 2. Wording, naming, language. Lat. elocutio, appellatio. Cp. Rhet. ad Alex. c. 27 ἀντίθετον μὲν οὖν ἐστι τὸ ἐναντίαν τὴν ὀνομασίαν ἅμα καὶ τὴν δύναμιν τοῖς ἀντικειμένοις ἔχον, ἢ τὸ ἕτερον τούτων: Aristot. Poet. vi. 18 λέγω δέ, ὥσπερ πρότερον εἴρηται, λέξιν εἶναι τὴν διὰ τῆς ὀνομασίας ἑρμηνείαν: Dionys. Hal. de Demosth. cc. 18, 34, 40: Demetr. de Eloc. §§ 91, 304.

  ὀνοματικά, τά. 70 18, 102 16, 17, 132 7. Nouns substantive. Lat. nomina substantiva.

  ὀξύς. 126 5, 8, 10, 128 6, 8. Acute (accent), high (pitch). Lat. acutus. So ὀξύτης 126 14. Cp. s.v. βαρύς, supra. In Aristot. Poet. c. 20 ὀξύτητι καὶ βαρύτητι καὶ τῷ μέσῳ = ‘according as they [the letters] are acute, grave, or of an intermediate tone.’

  ὀξύτονος. 128 9. With high pitch or acute accent. Lat. qui acutum tonum s. accentum habet.

  ὅρασις. 118 24. Seeing, the act of sight. Lat. visus.

  ὄργανον. 122 25, 124 4, 22. Musical instrument. Lat. instrumentum. So the adjective ὀργανικός (instrumental) in 124 16, 126 16.

  ὀρθός. 106 19. Nominative. Lat. rectus (casus): viz. ‘uninflected.’ In 102 19 ‘primary,’ as opposed to ‘secondary’; in 108 3 ‘active,’ as opposed to ‘passive.’ In 258 25 and 262 5 the meaning is ‘correct’; in 90 6 perhaps ‘tense’ (see the exx. given in L. & S. under the heading ‘excited’), the opposite of ὕπτιος (supinus).

  ὁρίζειν. 132 22, 166 1, 234 21. To define, to limit. Lat. definire.

  ὅρος. 182 13, 20
0 25, 210 5. Standard, condition, boundary. Lat. regula, condicio, finis. With the sense norma et regula in 182 13 cp. Long. de Subl. xxxii. 1 ὁ γὰρ Δημοσθένης ὅρος καὶ τῶν τοιούτων, Dionys. H. de Demosth. c. 1 ἧς (λέξεως) ὅρος καὶ κανὼν ὁ Θουκυδίδης.

  οὐδέτερος. 106 21. Neuter. Lat. qui neutri generis est. Cp. D.H. .

  οὐρανός. 142 12, 144 19, 150 6, 220 23. Palate. Lat. palatum. In the margin of R (with reference to 142 12) there is the note: τὴν ὑπερῴαν φησίν. This sense of οὐρανός is found several times in Aristotle (see Bonitz’ Index), and not (as has sometimes been supposed) for the first time in Dionysius. Cp. the converse caeli palatum in Ennius apud Cic. de Nat. Deor. ii. 18. 48 “sed dum, palato quid sit optimum, iudicat [Epicurus], caeli palatum (ut ait Ennius) non suspexit.”

  οὐσία. 98 8. Substance, essence. Lat. substantia.

  ὄχλησις. 132 17. Annoyance, disgust. Lat. molestia.

  ὄψις. 162 1, 14, 234 9. Appearance, visage. Lat. vultus, aspectus.

  πάθος. 66 15, 88 12, 110 23, 112 5, 122 15, passim. Feeling, experience, emotion, affection, passion. Lat. affectus (Quintil. vi. 2. 8), animi motus (Cic. de Or. i. 5. 17), perturbatio (id. Tusc. iv. 5. 10). Cp. D.H. p, 199. — In 154 5, 268 18 πάθη = ‘properties,’ ‘modifications,’ ‘differences.’

  παιάν. 184 3, 260 23, 262 9. Paeon. Lat. paeon. The metrical foot so called, consisting of three short syllables and one long in four possible orders — (1) –ᴗᴗᴗ, (2) ᴗ–ᴗᴗ, (3) ᴗᴗ–ᴗ, (4) ᴗᴗᴗ–. These four varieties are sometimes called the first, second, third, and fourth paeon respectively. Cp. Aristot. Rhet. iii. 8. 4-6, Cic. de Orat. iii. 47. 183, Quintil. ix. 4. 47; and see Demetr. , s.v. παιών. Demetrius (§§ 38, 39) refers to two varieties only: cp. the note on 182 22 supra.

  παιδεία. 64 11, 262 20. Culture. Lat. doctrina, humanitas.

  πανηγυρικός. 228 7, 246 7. Festal, panegyrical. Lat. panegyricus. With the notion of ornate: cp. de Demosth. c. 8 (διάλεκτον) μεγαλοπρεπῆ λιτήν, περιττὴν ἀπέριττον, ἐξηλλαγμένην συνήθη, πανηγυρικὴν ἀληθινήν, αὐστηρὰν ἱλαράν, σύντονον ἀνειμένην, ἡδεῖαν πικράν, ἠθικὴν παθητικήν.

  παραβολή. 232 15. Meeting, juxtaposition. Lat. concursus.

  παράγγελμα. 270 3, 282 2, 7. Rule, precept. Lat. artis praeceptum. Cp. Long. de Subl. c. 2 τεχνικὰ παραγγέλματα, c. 6 ὡς εἰπεῖν ἐν παραγγέλματι (‘if I must speak in the way of precept’). So παραγγέλλειν 132 16, 268 11 (cp. de Lysia c. 24 ταῦτα μὲν δὴ παραγγέλλουσι ποιεῖν οἱ τεχνογράφοι), and παραγγελματικός 214 9 (= plenus praeceptis, doctrinis, regulis).

  παράδειγμα. 92 5, 136 2, 152 3, 214 6, 232 23, 240 24, etc. Instance. Lat. exemplum. τὰ παραδείγματα is often used of appropriate (perhaps customary, or stock) examples: cp. de Isocr. cc. 10, 15, de Demosth. cc. 13 (middle), 53, and contrast de Lysia c. 34 and de Demosth. cc. 13 (end), 20.

  παραδιώκειν. 206 13. To hurry along. Lat. abripere. Cp. the use of συνδεδιωγμένον in Long. de Subl. c. 21, and of κατεσπευσμένα c. 19 ibid. — Usener adopts, in this passage, his own conjecture παραμεμιγμένας.

  παράθεσις. 130 25, 154 11, 166 9, etc. Placing. Lat. collocatio.

  παρακεκινδυνευμένος. 234 16. Daring, bold, venturesome. Lat. audax (as in Hor. Carm. iv. 2. 10). Fr. aventuré. Cp. Aristoph. Ran. 99 τοιουτονί τι παρακεκινδυνευμένον, | αἰθέρα Διὸς δωμάτιον, ἢ χρόνου πόδα: and see s.v. ἐπικίνδυνος supra. The word is used also in de Lys. c. 13, de Isocr. c. 13, Ep. ad Pomp. c. 2.

  παρακολουθεῖν. 108 6, 130 26, 136 12. To accompany. Lat. accidere, consequi.

  παραλαμβάνειν. 144 14, 172 12, 260 2, 264 14. To introduce, to employ. Lat. assumere, adhibere.

  παραλλαγή. 152 8, 15, 22. Divergence. Lat. discrimen, permutatio.

  παραπλήρωμα. 116 3, 166 17. Supplement, expletive. Lat. explementum, complementum. Cp. Cic. Or. 69. 230 “apud alios autem et Asiaticos maxime numero servientes inculcata reperias inania quaedam verba quasi complementa numerorum”; and also Demetr. , s.v. παραπληρωματικός. The word occurs elsewhere in Dionysius: de Isocr. c. 3, de Demosth. cc. 19, 39.

  παρατιθέναι. 104 1. To bring forward, to cite. Lat. apponere, in medium adducere.

  παραυξάνειν (παραύξειν). 128 19, 152 18. To lengthen, to augment. Lat. augere.

  παρέκτασις. 154 21. Prolongation. Lat. extensio.

  παρεμφαίνειν. 108 5. To hint at, to indicate. Lat. obiter indicare. Cp. Demetr. .

  παρεμφατικός. 102 20. Indicative. Lat. indicativus. Cp. ἀπαρέμφατος supra.

  παρέργως. 100 25. By the way, cursorily. Lat. obiter.

  παρθενωπός. 234 15. Of maiden aspect. Lat. qui virgineo vultu est. The word seems to occur elsewhere only in Eurip. El. 948 ἀλλ’ ἔμοιγ’ εἴη πόσις | μὴ παρθενωπός, ἀλλὰ τἀνδρείου τρόπου [Gilbert Murray: “Ah, that girl-like face! | God grant not that, not that, but some plain grace | Of manhood to the man who brings me love”]. Cp. Cic. Orat. 19. 64 “nihil iratum habet [oratio philosophorum], nihil invidum, nihil atrox, nihil miserabile, nihil astutum; casta, verecunda, virgo incorrupta quodam modo.”

  πάρισος. 116 8, 212 7, 246 6. Parallel in structure. Lat. qui constat similibus membris. Cp. Aristot. Rhet. iii. 9. 9 παρίσωσις δ’ ἐὰν ἴσα τὰ κῶλα, παρομοίωσις δ’ ἐὰν ὅμοια τὰ ἔσχατα ἔχῃ ἑκάτερον τὸ κῶλον (where ὅμοια τὰ ἔσχατα indicates final letters that rhyme).

  παριστάναι. 154 19. To represent, to describe. Lat. depingere. Cp. Long. .

  παρόμοιος. 212 8, 246 6. Parallel in sound. Lat. qui constat similibus sonis.

  παχύτης. 184 21. Stupidity, fat-headedness. Lat. stupor, ingenium crassum. Cp. D.H. , s.v. παχύς.

  πεζός. 70 3, 76 2, 80 3, 108 11, etc. In prose, prosaic. Lat. pedester. πεζὴ λέξις, πεζὴ διάλεκτος, πεζὸς λόγος, πεζοὶ λόγοι = oratio soluta. Cp. Quintil. x. 1. 81 “multum enim supra prosam orationem et quam pedestrem Graeci vocant surgit [Plato].” In 120 27 the metaphor seems still to be strongly felt— ‘marching on foot,’ ‘pedestrian.’

  πειθώ. 84 11. Persuasiveness. Lat. persuadendi vis.

  πεῖρα. 66 14, 102 21, 256 5, etc. Experience. Lat. experientia.

  πεντάμετρος. 256 23. Consisting of five metrical feet. Lat. pentameter.

  πεντάχρονος. 262 9. Consisting of five times. Lat. qui constat temporibus quinque. See s.v. χρόνοι infra.

  πεποιημένος. 78 17, 252 24. Invented, original, newly-coined. Lat. factus, novatus (Cic. de Orat. iii. 38. 154; i. 34. 155). Fr. forgé tout exprès. Cp. Aristot. Poet. xxi. 9; Demetr. ; Quintil. viii. 6. 32 “vix illa, quae πεποιημένα vocant, quae ex vocibus in usum receptis quocunque modo declinantur, nobis permittimus, qualia sunt Sullaturit et proscripturit.”

  περιβόητος. 180 7. Notorious, celebrated. Lat. decantatus, celebratus.

  περίοδος. 72 7, 10, 104 10, 116 2, etc. Period. Lat. periodus, comprehensio, verborum ambitus, etc. See Demetr. for various references and equivalents, and also (Index); Sandys’ Orator ; Laurand’s Études p, 128. — According to Dionysius, the period should not be used to excess [see n. on 118 15]. Another weakness of the periodic construction is elsewhere noted by him: τοῦτο δὲ [sc. τὸ παθητικὸν] ἥκιστα δέχεται περίοδος (de Isocr. c. 2). />
  περισπασμός. 128 10. The circumflex accent. Lat. circumflexio, accentus circumflexus. Cp. περισπωμένας 126 11: ‘drawn around,’ ‘twisted,’ ‘circumflexed.’ Aristotle denotes the circumflex accent by the term ‘middle’: ἔστιν δὲ αὐτὴ μὲν ἐν τῇ φωνῇ, πῶς αὐτῇ δεῖ χρῆσθαι πρὸς ἕκαστον πάθος, οἷον πότε μεγάλῃ καὶ πότε μικρᾷ καὶ μέσῃ, καὶ πῶς τοῖς τόνοις, οἷον ὀξείᾳ καὶ βαρείᾳ καὶ μέσῃ, καὶ ῥυθμοῖς τίσι πρὸς ἕκαστα (Aristot. Rhet. iii. 1. 4).

  περιστέλλειν. 142 16. To contract, to pucker up. Lat. contrahere.

  περιττός. 74 13, 84 8, 182 4, 7. Extraordinary, richly wrought; exceedingly good, unsurpassed. Lat. excellens, curiosus, elaboratus. Cp. Long. de Subl. xl. 2 (where the word is opposed to κοινὸς καὶ δημώδης), iii. 4, xxxv. 3. See also de Isocr. c. 3, de Demosth. cc. 8, 56, Ep. ad Pomp. c. 2 (περιττολογία): also Demetr. (περισσοτεχνία).

  περιφανής. 244 18. Seen on every side. Lat. conspicuus. So περιφάνεια 210 17, 234 2 (‘so that each word should admit an all-round view of it’). — PMV give περιφανές (not περιφερές) in 246 3.

  περιφερής. 206 15, 230 31, 246 3. Circular, rounded. Lat. rotundus. Cp. [Dionys. Hal.] Ars Rhet. x. 13 τὰ στρογγύλα καὶ τὰ περιφερῆ λέγειν προοίμια. In Demetr. de Eloc. § 13 περιφερεῖς στέγαι = vaulted roofs.

  πεφυκέναι (c. infin.). 66 16, 70 3, 104 16, etc. To have a gift for, a liking for. Lat. solere, amare.

  πεφυλαγμένως. 148 1. Guardedly. Lat. caute. The word is used in the Attic period by Xenophon and Isocrates.

  πιέζειν. 144 21, 148 16, 220 18, 230 12. To close tight, to compress. Lat. comprimere.

  πιθανός. 98 17, 20, 100 17, 120 21. Attractive, plausible. Lat. probabilis, verisimilis.

  πικρός. 232 15. Bitter, harsh. Lat. acerbus. So πικραίνειν 130 19, 154 13, 216 17.